CA2169520A1 - Vertical-axis hydroelectric machine - Google Patents
Vertical-axis hydroelectric machineInfo
- Publication number
- CA2169520A1 CA2169520A1 CA 2169520 CA2169520A CA2169520A1 CA 2169520 A1 CA2169520 A1 CA 2169520A1 CA 2169520 CA2169520 CA 2169520 CA 2169520 A CA2169520 A CA 2169520A CA 2169520 A1 CA2169520 A1 CA 2169520A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- pole
- machine
- stator
- winding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/10—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by gaseous cooling medium flowing in closed circuit, a part of which is external to the machine casing
- H02K9/12—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by gaseous cooling medium flowing in closed circuit, a part of which is external to the machine casing wherein the cooling medium circulates freely within the casing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
- Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The vertical-axis hydroelectric machine has a rotor star, which is provided with a hub (3) and on the outer periphery of which a rotor rim (7) is arranged.
The latter carries rotor poles (14), laminated from pole plates, and pole windings (15). The stator plate body (18) is likewise laminated from plates and is provided with slots at the inner periphery for accommodating a stator winding (28), which has stator winding ends (41, 42) and winding connections at both end faces of the plate body. Both rotor rim (7) and stator plate body (18) are provided with radially running cooling slits (9, 19) through which cooling air can be passed from the hub through said slits (9) in the rotor rim, the distances (16) between the poles, the air gap (17) and the slits (19) in the stator plate body (18) into an annular space surrounding the latter and equipped with coolers (23) and from there back to the hub (3). In the process, the rotor acts as delivery and pressure-generating means for the cooling air.
To partition off the machine air gap (17) from the winding-end space (39, 40), sealing plates (24) are fastened to the rotor poles (14) at both end faces, which sealing plates (24) extend into the machine air gap (17) up close to the stator bore and are arranged close together as viewed in the peripheral direction, if need be while leaving small gaps (34). In this way, they form an annular seal. The winding end (41, 42) and the winding connections thus lie in the fresh air flow behind the coolers (23) and are cooled in an optimum manner.
The latter carries rotor poles (14), laminated from pole plates, and pole windings (15). The stator plate body (18) is likewise laminated from plates and is provided with slots at the inner periphery for accommodating a stator winding (28), which has stator winding ends (41, 42) and winding connections at both end faces of the plate body. Both rotor rim (7) and stator plate body (18) are provided with radially running cooling slits (9, 19) through which cooling air can be passed from the hub through said slits (9) in the rotor rim, the distances (16) between the poles, the air gap (17) and the slits (19) in the stator plate body (18) into an annular space surrounding the latter and equipped with coolers (23) and from there back to the hub (3). In the process, the rotor acts as delivery and pressure-generating means for the cooling air.
To partition off the machine air gap (17) from the winding-end space (39, 40), sealing plates (24) are fastened to the rotor poles (14) at both end faces, which sealing plates (24) extend into the machine air gap (17) up close to the stator bore and are arranged close together as viewed in the peripheral direction, if need be while leaving small gaps (34). In this way, they form an annular seal. The winding end (41, 42) and the winding connections thus lie in the fresh air flow behind the coolers (23) and are cooled in an optimum manner.
Description
TITLE OF THE lNv~NlION
Vertical-axis hydroelectric machine - BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention The invention relates to a vertical-axis hydroelectric machine having a rotor star, which is provided with a hub and on the outer periphery of which a rotor rim is arranged which carries rotor poles, lAm;nated from pole plates, and pole coils, and a stator which surrounds the rotor, is separated from the latter by an air gap and has a stator plate body laminated from plates and having slots at the inner periphery for accommodating a stator winding, which has stator winding ends and winding connections at both end faces of the plate body, both rotor rim and stator plate body having radially running cooling slits through which cooling air can be passed from the hub through said slits in the rotor rim, the distances between the poles, the air gap and the slits in the stator plate body into an annular space surrounding the latter and equipped with coolers and from there back to the hub, the rotor itself acting as delivery and pressure-generating means for the cooling air.
The invention in this case is related to a prior art as results, for example, from the company specification of BBC Brown Boveri & Company, Ltd., CH-5401 Baden/Switzerland, "Karakaya, a Hydroelectric Power Plant in Turkey", Publication No. CH-T 130 213 E, undated, in particular Fig. 6 on page 6.
Discussion of Background In vertical-axis hydroelectric machines of the generic category mentioned at the beginning, the cooling air enters the rotor in the region of the rotor hub. It passes from there through the distances between the slanting arms to the rotor rim. The latter is provided with radial slits which are freely connected to the pole gaps. In this arrangement, the slanting arms act as fan, and the slits in the rotor rim and the 2169~20 pole gaps act as pressure generator. The cooling air passes through the said slits and pole gaps into the machine air gap and from there through likewise radially running slits in the stator plate body into an annular space which surrounds the stator plate body and is closed off on the outside by the foundation pit or a steel construction. The air-water coolers are normally arranged in this annular space. Behind these coolers, the cooling air, after deflection, is returned to the rotor hub, specifically through free spaces above and below the rotor rim.
To cool the stator winding end, a partial flow of the air flowing through the rotor rim is diverted at its end faces, flows through the winding end and the winding connections and is then likewise fed to the said air-water coolers. For this purpose, the winding-end space and part of the end faces of the rotor rim are covered by a spacious casing fastened to the stator plate body. In the section on the rotor side, the casing has a rotating seal which interacts with a sealing element at the end faces of the rotor.
In this way, the said partial air flow reaches the air-water coolers and does not mix with the cooled cold air flowing to the hub.
Apart from the design effort required for the casing and the rotating seal, this embodiment is disadvantageous in as much as air which is already heated on its way through the cooling slits in the rotor rim and the pole gaps is used for cooling the winding end and the winding connections.
SUMMARY OF THE lNV~NllON
Accordingly, one object of the invention is to provide novel cooling-air circulation in a vertical-axis hydroelectric machine of the generic category mentioned at the beginning, which cooling-air circulation can be realized in a simple manner in terms of design and economically and permits optimum cooling of the stator winding ends and winding connections.
2169~20 -This object is achieved, according to the invention, in a vertical-axis hydroelectric machine of the generic category mentioned at the beginning when the rotor poles have sealing plates of non-magnetic material at both end faces, which sealing plates extend into the machine air gap up close to the stator bore and are arranged close together as viewed in the peripheral direction, if need be while leaving small gaps, and in this way form an annular sea~ which separates the machine air gap from the winding-end space.
The arrangement of an annular seal of this type in the region of the end faces of the machine decisively simplifies the air circulation, since the entire volume of cooling air is passed essentially radially outward without deflection through rotor and stator to the coolers. It is unnecessary to divert a partial flow of cooling air for the winding ends and the winding connections in the winding-end space. The latter now lie freely in the fresh cooling air flowing back from the coolers to the rotor hub.
The invention is especially suitable for hydroelectric machines having poles without end plates, as are the subject matter of CH-A-675 799. These poles are composed only of identical pole plates of the same thickness. Apart from conventional clamping elements in the region near the axis, clamping bolts passing through the entire pole and having combined clamping and pressure-distribution elements at the ends are provided in the section remote from the axis, which pressure-distribution elements have projections pointing outward for supporting the pole coils. This is because an extension and widening of the two outermost pole plates in poles of this type may at the same time serve as a sealing plate within the scope of the invention. However, it is more economical to design the sealing plates as an independent component and to fasten them to the end faces of the poles by means of stud bolts.
_ 4 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows a simplified longitll~; n~1 section through a vertical-axis hydroelectric machine;
Fig. 2 shows a perspective representation of a detail of the rotor rim with rotor poles of the machine according to Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 shows a simplified cross-section through a part of the rotor and stator of the machine according to Fig. l;
Fig. 4 shows a simplified plan view of the rotor poles according to Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 shows an enlarged, detailed plan view of the pole gaps with fitted displacement body and pole-gap cover;
Fig. 6 shows a cross-section through a fastening point of a sealing plate at the pole.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding parts throughout the several views, the basic structure of the vertical-axis hydroelectric machine shown in section in Fig. 1 essentially corresponds to the machine according to the company specification (Fig. 6 on page 6) cited by way of introduction.
In the example, the hydroelectric machine is completely accommodated in a foundation pit having walls 2 and a base 1. The rotor construction comprises a rotor hub 3, from which slanting spokes 4 radiate, which are covered at the top and bottom by a cover ring 5 and 6 respectively. These components form the rotor star. A rotor rim 7 is arranged at its outer periphery.
It consists of plate segments 8 which are stacked in layers one on top of the other in a staggered manner in the peripheral direction. In this arrangement, adjacent plate segments 8 of a layer are distanced from one another so that a multiplicity of radially running cooling slits 9 are obtained which pass completely through the rotor rim and through which cooling air can flow radially to the outside in the arrow direction.
The mechanical connection between the slanting arms 4 and the rotor rim 7 is made in a known manner by strips 10, wedges 11 and axial slots 12 at the inner periphery of the rotor rim 7.
At the outer periphery, the rotor rim 7 has A~;~l ly running dovetailed slots for fastening the rotor poles 14 provided with correspondingly formed dovetailed pole claws 13. The rotor poles 14 carry a pole winding 15. The structure of the rotor poles corresponds in principle to the pole without end plates as described in CH-A-675 799 mentioned at the beginning and to which reference is expressly made here to avoid repetitions. As is clearly apparent from Fig. 2, the radial cooling slits 9 in the rotor rim 7 in each case open out in the space between two adjacent rotor poles 14, the so-called pole gap 16, which in turn is open toward the machine air gap 17.
The stator (Fig. 1) surrounding the rotor comprises a stator plate body 18 which is composed of sectional plate bodies distanced from one another and -like the rotor rim 7 - is likewise composed of segmented plates and has radially running cooling slits 19 between adjacent sectional plate bodies.
The stator plate body 18 is surrounded by a stator-supporting construction 20 which is supported at the bottom on the foundation base 1. The stator-supporting construction 20 is fastened at the top to the bearing-supporting star 21. Arranged on the latter is a cover 22 which completely covers the foundation pit and extends up to the supporting and guide bearing (not shown in the drawing) of the machine. At the outer periphery of the stator-supporting construction 20, a plurality of ~~ - 6 -air-water coolers 23 are arranged in a distributed manner over its periphery.
In this respect, the structure described corresponds to the prior art. In order to now realize the cooling-air circulation according to the invention, the rotor poles 14 have sealing plates 24 of non-magnetic material at both end faces, which sealing plates 24 are merely indicated in Fig. 1 and are shown in more detail in Figures 3 to 5. These sealing plates 24, they are made, for example, of an aluminum alloy (Anticorodal) or of glass-fiber-reinforced plastic, are fastened in the example by means of stud bolts 25 to the section of the pole 14 remote from the axis independently of the clamping and supporting elements for the pole winding 15 (Figs. 5 and 6). In Fig. 3 only the bolts 26 passing through the pole are visible, and the stator winding 28 held in slots in the stator plate body 18 by means of slot wedges 27 is also shown, while in Fig. 6 a supporting element 29 for the pole winding 15 and the conductors 30, 31 of the damper winding can be recognized.
The sealing plates are fastened in an especially simple manner if the last three pole plates, as in the example, have a circular bore, corresponding to the bolt diameter, for accommodating the bolt shank, and a hexagonal recess for example, corresponding to the outer contour of the bolt head and serving as an anti-rotation locking means for the bolt, is provided in the next pole plate on the inside. The bolts 25 are inserted in the recess before the last three plates are arranged in layers, and the last three plates are slipped over the bolts 25. This type of attachment is very efficient and simple, since it is independent of the clamping and supporting means of the pole. The sealing plates are also easy to exchange in the event of a repair.
As is best apparent from Fig. 6, the sealing plate 24 projects into the machine air gap 17 up close to the stator bore while leaving a small gap 32 relative to the machine air gap 17. If necessary, the slot-wedge securing means - usually a synthetic-resin-impregnated glass cord 33 (Fig. 6) may additionally be used to reduce the gap 32.
In the peripheral direction, the sealing plates - apart from small gaps 34 between adjacent sealing plates 24 - extend close together and in this way form an annular seal, which at both end faces of the rotor separates the machine air gap 17 from the winding-end space.
The machine interior space may be partitioned off from the winding-end space to an even greater extent if, in addition, the pole gaps 16 are covered to the outside at the end faces by a pole-gap closure plate 35 according to Fig. 5, which represents an enlarged plan view of the detail defined by dash lines and designated by A in Fig. 3. This plate 35 is preferably made of an aluminum alloy or a glass-fiber-reinforced plastic and is provided radially on the inside with a round widened portion 36 and is held with the latter in an axially running round bore 37 in the rotor rim 7. It is detachably fastened radially on the outside to the sealing plates. The pole-gap closure plate 35 is preferably combined with a displacement body 38 in the pole gap 16. Displacement bodies of this type are known per se in electrical machines having salient poles. They extend over the entire axial length of the pole gap 16 and their task is to fill the space between adjacent pole coils 15 in such a way that the cooling air flows as close as possible and at high speed past the pole coils 15.
This combination of pole-gap closure 35 and displacement body 38 comprises a hollow body which is open radially on the inside and is fastened at both end faces to each pole-gap closure plate 35. It is pushed in before assembly of the sealing plates 24 and is then mounted together with the latter.
Completely novel cooling-air circulation for vertical-axis hydroelectric machines can be achieved by the invention:
2l6952o -The (fresh) cooling air passes through openings in the cover rings 5, 6 in the hub region into the rotor-supporting construction and from there radially outward to the rotor rim 7, flows through the cooling slits 9 in the rotor rim 7, then through the pole gaps 16 into the machine air gap 17, and then through the radial cooling slits 19 in the stator plate body 18.
The air now heated to a considerable extent is cooled down in the air-water coolers 23 and after deflection returns to the machine center through the spaces 39 and 40 above and below the machine. In this way, the cold air passes the winding ends 41, 42 of the stator winding 28 and also the winding connections and terminal leads 43 and intensively cools these critical parts.
The components necessary for creating the cooling concept according to the invention are far less voluminous than the conventional covers. The necessary "sealing elements" have simple shapes, which are economical to produce. Their fastening to the rotor turns out to be simple due to the use of rotor poles without end plates.
Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.
Vertical-axis hydroelectric machine - BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention The invention relates to a vertical-axis hydroelectric machine having a rotor star, which is provided with a hub and on the outer periphery of which a rotor rim is arranged which carries rotor poles, lAm;nated from pole plates, and pole coils, and a stator which surrounds the rotor, is separated from the latter by an air gap and has a stator plate body laminated from plates and having slots at the inner periphery for accommodating a stator winding, which has stator winding ends and winding connections at both end faces of the plate body, both rotor rim and stator plate body having radially running cooling slits through which cooling air can be passed from the hub through said slits in the rotor rim, the distances between the poles, the air gap and the slits in the stator plate body into an annular space surrounding the latter and equipped with coolers and from there back to the hub, the rotor itself acting as delivery and pressure-generating means for the cooling air.
The invention in this case is related to a prior art as results, for example, from the company specification of BBC Brown Boveri & Company, Ltd., CH-5401 Baden/Switzerland, "Karakaya, a Hydroelectric Power Plant in Turkey", Publication No. CH-T 130 213 E, undated, in particular Fig. 6 on page 6.
Discussion of Background In vertical-axis hydroelectric machines of the generic category mentioned at the beginning, the cooling air enters the rotor in the region of the rotor hub. It passes from there through the distances between the slanting arms to the rotor rim. The latter is provided with radial slits which are freely connected to the pole gaps. In this arrangement, the slanting arms act as fan, and the slits in the rotor rim and the 2169~20 pole gaps act as pressure generator. The cooling air passes through the said slits and pole gaps into the machine air gap and from there through likewise radially running slits in the stator plate body into an annular space which surrounds the stator plate body and is closed off on the outside by the foundation pit or a steel construction. The air-water coolers are normally arranged in this annular space. Behind these coolers, the cooling air, after deflection, is returned to the rotor hub, specifically through free spaces above and below the rotor rim.
To cool the stator winding end, a partial flow of the air flowing through the rotor rim is diverted at its end faces, flows through the winding end and the winding connections and is then likewise fed to the said air-water coolers. For this purpose, the winding-end space and part of the end faces of the rotor rim are covered by a spacious casing fastened to the stator plate body. In the section on the rotor side, the casing has a rotating seal which interacts with a sealing element at the end faces of the rotor.
In this way, the said partial air flow reaches the air-water coolers and does not mix with the cooled cold air flowing to the hub.
Apart from the design effort required for the casing and the rotating seal, this embodiment is disadvantageous in as much as air which is already heated on its way through the cooling slits in the rotor rim and the pole gaps is used for cooling the winding end and the winding connections.
SUMMARY OF THE lNV~NllON
Accordingly, one object of the invention is to provide novel cooling-air circulation in a vertical-axis hydroelectric machine of the generic category mentioned at the beginning, which cooling-air circulation can be realized in a simple manner in terms of design and economically and permits optimum cooling of the stator winding ends and winding connections.
2169~20 -This object is achieved, according to the invention, in a vertical-axis hydroelectric machine of the generic category mentioned at the beginning when the rotor poles have sealing plates of non-magnetic material at both end faces, which sealing plates extend into the machine air gap up close to the stator bore and are arranged close together as viewed in the peripheral direction, if need be while leaving small gaps, and in this way form an annular sea~ which separates the machine air gap from the winding-end space.
The arrangement of an annular seal of this type in the region of the end faces of the machine decisively simplifies the air circulation, since the entire volume of cooling air is passed essentially radially outward without deflection through rotor and stator to the coolers. It is unnecessary to divert a partial flow of cooling air for the winding ends and the winding connections in the winding-end space. The latter now lie freely in the fresh cooling air flowing back from the coolers to the rotor hub.
The invention is especially suitable for hydroelectric machines having poles without end plates, as are the subject matter of CH-A-675 799. These poles are composed only of identical pole plates of the same thickness. Apart from conventional clamping elements in the region near the axis, clamping bolts passing through the entire pole and having combined clamping and pressure-distribution elements at the ends are provided in the section remote from the axis, which pressure-distribution elements have projections pointing outward for supporting the pole coils. This is because an extension and widening of the two outermost pole plates in poles of this type may at the same time serve as a sealing plate within the scope of the invention. However, it is more economical to design the sealing plates as an independent component and to fasten them to the end faces of the poles by means of stud bolts.
_ 4 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows a simplified longitll~; n~1 section through a vertical-axis hydroelectric machine;
Fig. 2 shows a perspective representation of a detail of the rotor rim with rotor poles of the machine according to Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 shows a simplified cross-section through a part of the rotor and stator of the machine according to Fig. l;
Fig. 4 shows a simplified plan view of the rotor poles according to Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 shows an enlarged, detailed plan view of the pole gaps with fitted displacement body and pole-gap cover;
Fig. 6 shows a cross-section through a fastening point of a sealing plate at the pole.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding parts throughout the several views, the basic structure of the vertical-axis hydroelectric machine shown in section in Fig. 1 essentially corresponds to the machine according to the company specification (Fig. 6 on page 6) cited by way of introduction.
In the example, the hydroelectric machine is completely accommodated in a foundation pit having walls 2 and a base 1. The rotor construction comprises a rotor hub 3, from which slanting spokes 4 radiate, which are covered at the top and bottom by a cover ring 5 and 6 respectively. These components form the rotor star. A rotor rim 7 is arranged at its outer periphery.
It consists of plate segments 8 which are stacked in layers one on top of the other in a staggered manner in the peripheral direction. In this arrangement, adjacent plate segments 8 of a layer are distanced from one another so that a multiplicity of radially running cooling slits 9 are obtained which pass completely through the rotor rim and through which cooling air can flow radially to the outside in the arrow direction.
The mechanical connection between the slanting arms 4 and the rotor rim 7 is made in a known manner by strips 10, wedges 11 and axial slots 12 at the inner periphery of the rotor rim 7.
At the outer periphery, the rotor rim 7 has A~;~l ly running dovetailed slots for fastening the rotor poles 14 provided with correspondingly formed dovetailed pole claws 13. The rotor poles 14 carry a pole winding 15. The structure of the rotor poles corresponds in principle to the pole without end plates as described in CH-A-675 799 mentioned at the beginning and to which reference is expressly made here to avoid repetitions. As is clearly apparent from Fig. 2, the radial cooling slits 9 in the rotor rim 7 in each case open out in the space between two adjacent rotor poles 14, the so-called pole gap 16, which in turn is open toward the machine air gap 17.
The stator (Fig. 1) surrounding the rotor comprises a stator plate body 18 which is composed of sectional plate bodies distanced from one another and -like the rotor rim 7 - is likewise composed of segmented plates and has radially running cooling slits 19 between adjacent sectional plate bodies.
The stator plate body 18 is surrounded by a stator-supporting construction 20 which is supported at the bottom on the foundation base 1. The stator-supporting construction 20 is fastened at the top to the bearing-supporting star 21. Arranged on the latter is a cover 22 which completely covers the foundation pit and extends up to the supporting and guide bearing (not shown in the drawing) of the machine. At the outer periphery of the stator-supporting construction 20, a plurality of ~~ - 6 -air-water coolers 23 are arranged in a distributed manner over its periphery.
In this respect, the structure described corresponds to the prior art. In order to now realize the cooling-air circulation according to the invention, the rotor poles 14 have sealing plates 24 of non-magnetic material at both end faces, which sealing plates 24 are merely indicated in Fig. 1 and are shown in more detail in Figures 3 to 5. These sealing plates 24, they are made, for example, of an aluminum alloy (Anticorodal) or of glass-fiber-reinforced plastic, are fastened in the example by means of stud bolts 25 to the section of the pole 14 remote from the axis independently of the clamping and supporting elements for the pole winding 15 (Figs. 5 and 6). In Fig. 3 only the bolts 26 passing through the pole are visible, and the stator winding 28 held in slots in the stator plate body 18 by means of slot wedges 27 is also shown, while in Fig. 6 a supporting element 29 for the pole winding 15 and the conductors 30, 31 of the damper winding can be recognized.
The sealing plates are fastened in an especially simple manner if the last three pole plates, as in the example, have a circular bore, corresponding to the bolt diameter, for accommodating the bolt shank, and a hexagonal recess for example, corresponding to the outer contour of the bolt head and serving as an anti-rotation locking means for the bolt, is provided in the next pole plate on the inside. The bolts 25 are inserted in the recess before the last three plates are arranged in layers, and the last three plates are slipped over the bolts 25. This type of attachment is very efficient and simple, since it is independent of the clamping and supporting means of the pole. The sealing plates are also easy to exchange in the event of a repair.
As is best apparent from Fig. 6, the sealing plate 24 projects into the machine air gap 17 up close to the stator bore while leaving a small gap 32 relative to the machine air gap 17. If necessary, the slot-wedge securing means - usually a synthetic-resin-impregnated glass cord 33 (Fig. 6) may additionally be used to reduce the gap 32.
In the peripheral direction, the sealing plates - apart from small gaps 34 between adjacent sealing plates 24 - extend close together and in this way form an annular seal, which at both end faces of the rotor separates the machine air gap 17 from the winding-end space.
The machine interior space may be partitioned off from the winding-end space to an even greater extent if, in addition, the pole gaps 16 are covered to the outside at the end faces by a pole-gap closure plate 35 according to Fig. 5, which represents an enlarged plan view of the detail defined by dash lines and designated by A in Fig. 3. This plate 35 is preferably made of an aluminum alloy or a glass-fiber-reinforced plastic and is provided radially on the inside with a round widened portion 36 and is held with the latter in an axially running round bore 37 in the rotor rim 7. It is detachably fastened radially on the outside to the sealing plates. The pole-gap closure plate 35 is preferably combined with a displacement body 38 in the pole gap 16. Displacement bodies of this type are known per se in electrical machines having salient poles. They extend over the entire axial length of the pole gap 16 and their task is to fill the space between adjacent pole coils 15 in such a way that the cooling air flows as close as possible and at high speed past the pole coils 15.
This combination of pole-gap closure 35 and displacement body 38 comprises a hollow body which is open radially on the inside and is fastened at both end faces to each pole-gap closure plate 35. It is pushed in before assembly of the sealing plates 24 and is then mounted together with the latter.
Completely novel cooling-air circulation for vertical-axis hydroelectric machines can be achieved by the invention:
2l6952o -The (fresh) cooling air passes through openings in the cover rings 5, 6 in the hub region into the rotor-supporting construction and from there radially outward to the rotor rim 7, flows through the cooling slits 9 in the rotor rim 7, then through the pole gaps 16 into the machine air gap 17, and then through the radial cooling slits 19 in the stator plate body 18.
The air now heated to a considerable extent is cooled down in the air-water coolers 23 and after deflection returns to the machine center through the spaces 39 and 40 above and below the machine. In this way, the cold air passes the winding ends 41, 42 of the stator winding 28 and also the winding connections and terminal leads 43 and intensively cools these critical parts.
The components necessary for creating the cooling concept according to the invention are far less voluminous than the conventional covers. The necessary "sealing elements" have simple shapes, which are economical to produce. Their fastening to the rotor turns out to be simple due to the use of rotor poles without end plates.
Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein.
Claims (7)
1. A vertical-axis hydroelectric machine having a rotor star, which is provided with a hub (3) and on the outer periphery of which a rotor rim (7) is arranged which carries rotor poles (14), laminated from pole plates, and a pole winding (15), and a stator which surrounds the rotor, is separated from the latter by an air gap (17) and has a stator plate body (18) laminated from plates and having slots at the inner periphery for accommodating a stator winding (28), which has stator winding ends (41, 42) and winding connections at both end faces of the plate body, both rotor rim (7) and stator plate body (18) having radially running cooling slits (9, 19) through which cooling air can be passed from the hub (3) through said slits (9) in the rotor rim, the distances (16) between the poles (14), the air gap (17) and the slits (19) in the stator plate body (18) into an annular space surrounding the latter and equipped with coolers (23) and from there back to the hub (3), the rotor itself acting as delivery and pressure-generating means for the cooling air, wherein the rotor poles (14) have sealing plates (24) of non-magnetic material at both end faces, which sealing plates (24) extend into the machine air gap (17) up close to the stator bore and are arranged close together as viewed in the peripheral direction and in this way form an annular seal which separates the machine air gap (17) from the winding-end space (39, 40).
2. The machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sealing plates (24) are fastened directly to the outer plates of the rotor pole (14).
3. The machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the sealing plates are fastened by means of stud bolts (25) which are held in the interior of the rotor pole (14) in such a way as to be locked against rotation.
4. The machine as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a pole-gap closure plate (35) is arranged in the pole gap (16) between two adjacent rotor poles (14) at the end faces.
5. The machine as claimed in claim 4, wherein the pole-gap closure plate (35) is fastened radially on the outside to the sealing plates (24) and radially on the inside to the rotor rim (7).
6. The machine as claimed in claim 5, wherein a cylindrical bore (37) is provided in the rotor rim (7) in the region of the pole gap (16), in which bore (37) the pole-gap closure plate (35) is fastened.
7. The machine as claimed in one of claims 4 to 6, wherein a displacement body (38) is arranged in the pole gap (16), which displacement body (38) extends over the entire axial length of the pole gap and is fastened to the pole-gap closure plates (35) at the end faces.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1995115260 DE19515260A1 (en) | 1995-04-26 | 1995-04-26 | Vertical axis electric hydropower machine |
| DE19515260.3 | 1995-04-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2169520A1 true CA2169520A1 (en) | 1996-10-27 |
Family
ID=7760364
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2169520 Abandoned CA2169520A1 (en) | 1995-04-26 | 1996-02-14 | Vertical-axis hydroelectric machine |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0740402A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1145546A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9602055A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2169520A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19515260A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO961598L (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004062162A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-07-06 | Siemens Ag | Electrical machine, has pole winding support, and displacement bodies that are provided in pole gap, where bodies are arranged and designed such that they form cooling sections with exciter windings at their periphery |
| JP4548375B2 (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2010-09-22 | コベルコ建機株式会社 | Work machine |
| DE102006020149A1 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2007-11-15 | Siemens Ag | Synchronous salient pole machine e.g. ring motor, for use in ball mill, has yoke with yoke section arranged between two salient poles, where yoke section has radial air passage that radially separates air portion |
| CH703820A1 (en) | 2010-09-21 | 2012-03-30 | Alstom Hydro France | AIR-COOLED GENERATOR. |
| DE102010049417A1 (en) | 2010-10-23 | 2012-04-26 | Alstom Hydro France | Air-cooled motor generator i.e. air-cooled vertical-axis motor generator, has throttle devices adjustable in coolers and provided in enclosed cooling circuit for adjusting volume flow of cooling air |
| EP2431702B1 (en) | 2010-09-21 | 2020-10-28 | GE Renewable Technologies | Air-cooled motor-generator and method for operating such a motor-generator |
| DE102015208553A1 (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2016-11-10 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Rotor of a gearless wind turbine |
| ES2948565T3 (en) | 2017-01-20 | 2023-09-14 | Ge Renewable Tech | salient pole machine |
| US11476729B2 (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2022-10-18 | Ge Renewable Technologies | Salient pole machine with rotor having rotor rim with pole-rim interface and fixation points |
| JP7028249B2 (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2022-03-02 | 株式会社アイシン | Rotor |
| CN108092462B (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2023-07-28 | 西华大学 | Inner and outer cooling structure of annular lead copper ring of salient pole synchronous motor confluence |
| DE102020133287B3 (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2022-01-27 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Rotor rim for an electrical machine |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1050887B (en) * | ||||
| CH19713A (en) * | 1899-06-06 | 1900-09-15 | Garver Lamme Benjamin | Dynamo machine |
| US928037A (en) * | 1904-07-25 | 1909-07-13 | Gen Electric | Dynamo-electric machine. |
| US996883A (en) * | 1905-03-01 | 1911-07-04 | Gen Electric | Dynamo-electric machine. |
| CH37814A (en) * | 1906-09-03 | 1907-07-31 | Aeg | Rotating field magnet for electrical machines |
| FR679487A (en) * | 1929-07-29 | 1930-04-14 | Aeg | Device for reducing friction losses in air in electrical salient pole machines |
| DE1085606B (en) * | 1957-08-14 | 1960-07-21 | Zd Y V I Plazen Narodni Podnik | Cooling device for excitation coils on pronounced poles of runners of electrical machines |
| DE1912559U (en) * | 1963-06-13 | 1965-03-25 | Licentia Gmbh | COOLING ARRANGEMENT WITH CLOSED ELECTRIC MACHINERY. |
| FR84066E (en) * | 1963-07-24 | 1964-11-20 | Licentia Gmbh | Device for supplying coolant to pole-branch rotors of electric machines |
| GB1170754A (en) * | 1966-06-30 | 1969-11-19 | Ass Elect Ind | Improvements in or relating to the cooling of large electrical generators |
| DE2605815A1 (en) * | 1976-02-11 | 1977-08-18 | Siemens Ag | Air cooling for salient pole electric machine rotors - uses ducts round pole windings inside rotor and serrated shields outside |
| US4163163A (en) * | 1976-04-06 | 1979-07-31 | Filippov Iosif F | Non-salient pole synchronous electric generator |
| JPS5357408A (en) * | 1976-11-05 | 1978-05-24 | Hitachi Ltd | Cooling medium shielding device of revolutionary elctrical machinery |
| JPS55144745A (en) * | 1979-04-25 | 1980-11-11 | Toshiba Corp | Salient-pole type rotary machine |
| DE2945194C2 (en) * | 1979-11-08 | 1983-01-20 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | High-speed machine |
| JPS57166849A (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1982-10-14 | Toshiba Corp | Rotary electric machine |
| JPS5829345A (en) * | 1981-08-14 | 1983-02-21 | Toshiba Corp | Salient-pole type rotary electric machine |
| SE457183B (en) * | 1984-10-05 | 1988-12-05 | Asea Ab | synchronous |
| US5177385A (en) * | 1992-03-23 | 1993-01-05 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Air gap baffle ring for a dynamoelectric machine |
-
1995
- 1995-04-26 DE DE1995115260 patent/DE19515260A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-02-14 CA CA 2169520 patent/CA2169520A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-04-12 EP EP96810231A patent/EP0740402A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-04-22 NO NO961598A patent/NO961598L/en unknown
- 1996-04-25 BR BR9602055A patent/BR9602055A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-04-26 CN CN 96105645 patent/CN1145546A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO961598L (en) | 1996-10-28 |
| BR9602055A (en) | 1998-03-24 |
| CN1145546A (en) | 1997-03-19 |
| DE19515260A1 (en) | 1996-10-31 |
| NO961598D0 (en) | 1996-04-22 |
| EP0740402A1 (en) | 1996-10-30 |
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