CA2119296C - Modular concrete floor slab - Google Patents
Modular concrete floor slabInfo
- Publication number
- CA2119296C CA2119296C CA 2119296 CA2119296A CA2119296C CA 2119296 C CA2119296 C CA 2119296C CA 2119296 CA2119296 CA 2119296 CA 2119296 A CA2119296 A CA 2119296A CA 2119296 C CA2119296 C CA 2119296C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- slab
- floor
- slabs
- piles
- floor system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/08—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units assembled of block-shaped elements, e.g. hollow stones
Abstract
A precast concrete floor slab for a structural floor system has a flat floor panel of polygonal form, with a peripheral perimeter beam around the outside of the floor panel and intermediate beams radiating from the centre of the floor panel to the perimeter beam. In use, the slab is supported at its corners on piles, with adjacent slabs being arranged side by side to cover the necessary floor area. No grade beams are required as the perimeter beam of each slab provides the necessary structural strength for supporting the building. The intermediate beams under the slab allow the thinning of the slab to reduce the overall amount of concrete used. The slabs are fastened in place with loops of the slab reinforcement that project from the slab at the corners for connection to the reinforcement of the piles supporting the slabs.
Description
MODULAR CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB
The present invention relates to building construction and more particularly to the fabrication of floors of precast concrete slabs.
The three grade level floor systems most commonly in use are the Slab-On-Grade system, the Structural Poured-ln-Place system and the Hollow Core system.
In the Slab-On-Grade system, the building structure is supported with a perimeter grade beam, usually 8 inches ~20 cm) wide by 24 inches (60 cm) deep on cast-in-place or driven piles. The slab is of reinforced concrete, poured in place, and supported on a compacted granular base. It has been found that floors of this type often experience significant slab heaving problems. This may cause extensive and costly damage in finished areas of the building. The Structural Poured-ln-Place and Hollow Core systems may be used to address this problem.
In the Structural Poured-ln-Place floor system, the building structure and the floor slab are both supported on a perimeter grade beam, usually 8 inches (20 cm) by 24 inches (60 cm) deep on cast -in-place or driven piles. The slab is of reinforced concrete and is supported on the perimetér grade beam and interior piles. The slab is poured in place over a void form covered with hardboard. The slab is thickened over and on lines extending between the supporting interior piles. This system is more expensive and less convenient to install than the Slab-On-Grade system and consequently is not always employed where it would be of benefit.
In the Hollow Core system, the building structure and the precast hollow core slabs are supported with a perimeter grade beam, usually 10 inches (25 cm) by 48 inches (120 cm) deep, on cast-in-place or driven piles. The slabs are also supported by interior steel or concrete beams on piles. The joints between slabs are grouted and a topping is poured over the floor. This is another expensive and inconvenient system to install.
The present invention proposes a novel structural floor system that does not suffer from the heaving problems of the slab-on-grade system and that can be installed at less cost than the conventional structural systems. According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a floor system comprising:
a plurality of piles installed in the ground and having coplanar top surfaces;
a grade level floor comprising a plurality of reinforced concrete floor slabs, each slab having:
a floor panel, a polygonal periphery with at least three corners, and a perimeter beam beneath the floor panel, at the periphery of the slab, the slabs being arranged side by side with their floor panels substantially coplanar and with each slab supported solely at the corners of the slab by direct engagement of the perimeter beam on the piles.
This structure requires no perimeter grade beam since the floor slabs themselves have integral perimeter beams for supporting the floor.
Intermediate beams may be used on the bottom of the slab, preferably radiating from the centre of the slab. The perimeter and intermediate beams provide the support necessary to minimize slab thickness and reinforcing. The reinforcement in the perimeter beam may be used to fasten the slabs to one another and to the reinforcements in the piles. Joints between the slabs and voids at the corners over the piles may then be grouted and leveled. Where the slabs are finished to finished floor specifications, no topping or further finishing is required.
The intermediate beams under the slab allow the thinning of the 5 floor panel to reduce the overall amount of concrete used.
Preferred embodiments of the slab are square, with oblique corners where the reinforcement in the perimeter beam is exposed. Side faces of the slab taper slightly upwardly for ease of mold release and to provide a grouting groove between the adjacent slabs.
The invention also relates to a method of forming a floor.
According to this further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of manufacturing a floor comprising:
providing a plurality of load-supporting piles in the ground;
providing a plurality of precast concrete floor slabs, each having a polygonal peripheral shape with a plurality of corners and an integral, peripheral perimeter beam; and arranging the floor slabs side by side in an array, with each corner of each slab being supported directly on a pile.
An exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
Figure 1 is a top isometric of a slab according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a bottom isometric of the slab of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a cross section of the slab; and Figure 4 is a plan view of a floor constructed using the slab.
~",~
Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a precast concrete floor slab 10. The slab has a top floor panel 12 that is generally square in outline, with straight side edges 14 and oblique corners 16. The slab is 12 feet by 12 feet in external dimensions.
Beneath the floor panel 12 is a perimeter beam 18. This extends around the underside of the floor panel 12, at its periphery. The perimeter beam has an outer side face 20 that tapers slightly upwardly on all sides. The inner side face 22 of the perimeter beam slopes upwardly to the underside of the floor panel 12 at a sharper angle so that the thickness of the perimeter beam 18 increases upwardly from its bottom surface 24.
Extending across the bottom of the floor panel 12 are intermediate beams 26. These beams are at right angles to one another and .~
~ ...~
- 5 - 211yzg6 -each extends from the centre of the slab to the centre of a respective side of the perimeter beam. The bottom faces 28 of the intermediate beams are parallel to the bottom face 24 of the perimeter beam.
The bottom face 30 of the floor panel 12 slopes upwardly towards the centre from the perimeter beam 18, reducing the thickness of the floor panel towards the centre.
As illustrated most particularly in Figure 3, the slab 10 is reinforced using vertically spaced lattices of reinforcing strands 32 extending across the floor panel 12 and into the perimeter beam 18. These are conventional reinforcing steel bars. Additional reinforcing stands 34 are embedded in the intermediate beams ~. Further reinforcing strands 36 extend around the perimeter beam and project from the oblique corner faces 38 of the perimeter beam as loops 40.
In making a floor using the slabs, an array of piles 42 is provided on a 12-foot grid to match the dimensions of the slab. The piles are cast in place and have their top surfaces 44 coplanar. The slabs are then arranged on the piles with each corner of each slab supported on a pile. The slabs are butted against one another to provide a complete floor separated by narrow grooves between the upwardly-tapered side faces 20 of the perimeter beams.
The loops 40 of adjacent corners of the slabs are then connected to the reinforcement of the pile, as by welding, and the grooves 46 and the voids 48 at the corners are grouted and leveled to complete the floor.
The completed floor uses no grade beam. The perimeter beams are sufficient to support the structural load of the building. The top surface of the floor panel 12 of each slab is finished to the finished floor specification so , that no additional topping layer is required as is the case with other precast floor types.
The slabs of the present invention may be used to construct floors for various uses. They may be used, for example, as transformer and equipment pads, for garage floors, for slab floors of residences and various commercial buildings. They are expected to be most cost-effective for smaller building sizes. Slab floors according to the invention may be constructed more quickly than the conventional structural slab systems. They are not as readily affected by adverse weather conditions or poor soil conditions.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in the foregoing, it is to be understood that other embodiments are possible within the scope of the invention. For example, the embodiment of the slab described in the foregoing is essentially a square slab. Other polygonal shapes that will assemble to form a floor area may also be used.
For example, triangular, hexagonal or octagonal shapes may be used where desired. It is therefore to be understood that the invention is to be construed as limited solely by the scope of the appended claims.
The present invention relates to building construction and more particularly to the fabrication of floors of precast concrete slabs.
The three grade level floor systems most commonly in use are the Slab-On-Grade system, the Structural Poured-ln-Place system and the Hollow Core system.
In the Slab-On-Grade system, the building structure is supported with a perimeter grade beam, usually 8 inches ~20 cm) wide by 24 inches (60 cm) deep on cast-in-place or driven piles. The slab is of reinforced concrete, poured in place, and supported on a compacted granular base. It has been found that floors of this type often experience significant slab heaving problems. This may cause extensive and costly damage in finished areas of the building. The Structural Poured-ln-Place and Hollow Core systems may be used to address this problem.
In the Structural Poured-ln-Place floor system, the building structure and the floor slab are both supported on a perimeter grade beam, usually 8 inches (20 cm) by 24 inches (60 cm) deep on cast -in-place or driven piles. The slab is of reinforced concrete and is supported on the perimetér grade beam and interior piles. The slab is poured in place over a void form covered with hardboard. The slab is thickened over and on lines extending between the supporting interior piles. This system is more expensive and less convenient to install than the Slab-On-Grade system and consequently is not always employed where it would be of benefit.
In the Hollow Core system, the building structure and the precast hollow core slabs are supported with a perimeter grade beam, usually 10 inches (25 cm) by 48 inches (120 cm) deep, on cast-in-place or driven piles. The slabs are also supported by interior steel or concrete beams on piles. The joints between slabs are grouted and a topping is poured over the floor. This is another expensive and inconvenient system to install.
The present invention proposes a novel structural floor system that does not suffer from the heaving problems of the slab-on-grade system and that can be installed at less cost than the conventional structural systems. According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a floor system comprising:
a plurality of piles installed in the ground and having coplanar top surfaces;
a grade level floor comprising a plurality of reinforced concrete floor slabs, each slab having:
a floor panel, a polygonal periphery with at least three corners, and a perimeter beam beneath the floor panel, at the periphery of the slab, the slabs being arranged side by side with their floor panels substantially coplanar and with each slab supported solely at the corners of the slab by direct engagement of the perimeter beam on the piles.
This structure requires no perimeter grade beam since the floor slabs themselves have integral perimeter beams for supporting the floor.
Intermediate beams may be used on the bottom of the slab, preferably radiating from the centre of the slab. The perimeter and intermediate beams provide the support necessary to minimize slab thickness and reinforcing. The reinforcement in the perimeter beam may be used to fasten the slabs to one another and to the reinforcements in the piles. Joints between the slabs and voids at the corners over the piles may then be grouted and leveled. Where the slabs are finished to finished floor specifications, no topping or further finishing is required.
The intermediate beams under the slab allow the thinning of the 5 floor panel to reduce the overall amount of concrete used.
Preferred embodiments of the slab are square, with oblique corners where the reinforcement in the perimeter beam is exposed. Side faces of the slab taper slightly upwardly for ease of mold release and to provide a grouting groove between the adjacent slabs.
The invention also relates to a method of forming a floor.
According to this further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of manufacturing a floor comprising:
providing a plurality of load-supporting piles in the ground;
providing a plurality of precast concrete floor slabs, each having a polygonal peripheral shape with a plurality of corners and an integral, peripheral perimeter beam; and arranging the floor slabs side by side in an array, with each corner of each slab being supported directly on a pile.
An exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
Figure 1 is a top isometric of a slab according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a bottom isometric of the slab of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a cross section of the slab; and Figure 4 is a plan view of a floor constructed using the slab.
~",~
Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a precast concrete floor slab 10. The slab has a top floor panel 12 that is generally square in outline, with straight side edges 14 and oblique corners 16. The slab is 12 feet by 12 feet in external dimensions.
Beneath the floor panel 12 is a perimeter beam 18. This extends around the underside of the floor panel 12, at its periphery. The perimeter beam has an outer side face 20 that tapers slightly upwardly on all sides. The inner side face 22 of the perimeter beam slopes upwardly to the underside of the floor panel 12 at a sharper angle so that the thickness of the perimeter beam 18 increases upwardly from its bottom surface 24.
Extending across the bottom of the floor panel 12 are intermediate beams 26. These beams are at right angles to one another and .~
~ ...~
- 5 - 211yzg6 -each extends from the centre of the slab to the centre of a respective side of the perimeter beam. The bottom faces 28 of the intermediate beams are parallel to the bottom face 24 of the perimeter beam.
The bottom face 30 of the floor panel 12 slopes upwardly towards the centre from the perimeter beam 18, reducing the thickness of the floor panel towards the centre.
As illustrated most particularly in Figure 3, the slab 10 is reinforced using vertically spaced lattices of reinforcing strands 32 extending across the floor panel 12 and into the perimeter beam 18. These are conventional reinforcing steel bars. Additional reinforcing stands 34 are embedded in the intermediate beams ~. Further reinforcing strands 36 extend around the perimeter beam and project from the oblique corner faces 38 of the perimeter beam as loops 40.
In making a floor using the slabs, an array of piles 42 is provided on a 12-foot grid to match the dimensions of the slab. The piles are cast in place and have their top surfaces 44 coplanar. The slabs are then arranged on the piles with each corner of each slab supported on a pile. The slabs are butted against one another to provide a complete floor separated by narrow grooves between the upwardly-tapered side faces 20 of the perimeter beams.
The loops 40 of adjacent corners of the slabs are then connected to the reinforcement of the pile, as by welding, and the grooves 46 and the voids 48 at the corners are grouted and leveled to complete the floor.
The completed floor uses no grade beam. The perimeter beams are sufficient to support the structural load of the building. The top surface of the floor panel 12 of each slab is finished to the finished floor specification so , that no additional topping layer is required as is the case with other precast floor types.
The slabs of the present invention may be used to construct floors for various uses. They may be used, for example, as transformer and equipment pads, for garage floors, for slab floors of residences and various commercial buildings. They are expected to be most cost-effective for smaller building sizes. Slab floors according to the invention may be constructed more quickly than the conventional structural slab systems. They are not as readily affected by adverse weather conditions or poor soil conditions.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in the foregoing, it is to be understood that other embodiments are possible within the scope of the invention. For example, the embodiment of the slab described in the foregoing is essentially a square slab. Other polygonal shapes that will assemble to form a floor area may also be used.
For example, triangular, hexagonal or octagonal shapes may be used where desired. It is therefore to be understood that the invention is to be construed as limited solely by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. A grade level slab floor system comprising:
a plurality of piles installed in the ground and having coplanar top surfaces;
a grade level floor comprising a plurality of reinforced concrete floor slabs, each slab having:
a floor panel, a polygonal periphery with at least three corners, and a perimeter beam beneath the floor panel, at the periphery of the slab, the slabs being arranged side by side with their floor panels substantially coplanar and with each slab supported solely at the corners of the slab by direct engagement of the perimeter beam on the piles.
a plurality of piles installed in the ground and having coplanar top surfaces;
a grade level floor comprising a plurality of reinforced concrete floor slabs, each slab having:
a floor panel, a polygonal periphery with at least three corners, and a perimeter beam beneath the floor panel, at the periphery of the slab, the slabs being arranged side by side with their floor panels substantially coplanar and with each slab supported solely at the corners of the slab by direct engagement of the perimeter beam on the piles.
2. A floor system according to Claim 1 including internal beams extending across the bottom of each floor slab, within the perimeter beam, the internal beams being shallower than the perimeter beam,
3. A floor system according to Claim 2 including reinforcement strands embedded in each slab.
4. A floor system according to Claim 3 wherein the reinforcement stands include strands embedded in the floor panel.
5. A floor system according to Claim 4 wherein the reinforcement strands include strands embedded in the intermediate beams.
6. A floor system according to Claim 3, 4 or 5 wherein the reinforcement stands include strands embedded in the perimeter beam.
7. A floor system according to Claim 6 wherein each slab has main side faces and oblique corner faces between the main side faces.
8. A floor system according to Claim 7 wherein each slab includes loops of the reinforcement strands projecting from the oblique corner faces, the floor including means fastening the loops to the adjacent piles.
9. A floor system according to Claim 7 or 8 wherein the main side faces and the corner faces taper upwardly.
10. A floor system according to Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 or 8 wherein each floor panel is square.
11. A floor system according to Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 7 including securement means securing each slab to a pile at each corner of the slab.
12. A floor system according to Claim 11 wherein the securement means include loops of reinforcement projecting from each corner of each slab, and means fastening the loops to the adjacent pile.
13. A method of manufacturing a grade level floor comprising:
providing a plurality of load-supporting piles in the ground;
providing a plurality of precast concrete floor slabs, each having a polygonal peripheral shape with a plurality of corners and an integral, peripheral perimeter beam; and arranging the floor slabs side by side in an array, with each corner of each slab being supported directly on a pile.
providing a plurality of load-supporting piles in the ground;
providing a plurality of precast concrete floor slabs, each having a polygonal peripheral shape with a plurality of corners and an integral, peripheral perimeter beam; and arranging the floor slabs side by side in an array, with each corner of each slab being supported directly on a pile.
14. A method according to Claim 13 including the step of securing the slabs to the piles.
15. A method according to Claim 13 or 14 comprising the subsequent step of grouting joints between the slabs.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2119296 CA2119296C (en) | 1994-03-17 | 1994-03-17 | Modular concrete floor slab |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2119296 CA2119296C (en) | 1994-03-17 | 1994-03-17 | Modular concrete floor slab |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2119296A1 CA2119296A1 (en) | 1995-09-18 |
| CA2119296C true CA2119296C (en) | 1996-02-13 |
Family
ID=4153189
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2119296 Expired - Fee Related CA2119296C (en) | 1994-03-17 | 1994-03-17 | Modular concrete floor slab |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2119296C (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2665960C (en) | 2009-05-14 | 2011-07-26 | Technostructur Inc. | Wall module, housing module and building made of such wall module |
-
1994
- 1994-03-17 CA CA 2119296 patent/CA2119296C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2119296A1 (en) | 1995-09-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |