CA2115378A1 - Storage rack - Google Patents
Storage rackInfo
- Publication number
- CA2115378A1 CA2115378A1 CA 2115378 CA2115378A CA2115378A1 CA 2115378 A1 CA2115378 A1 CA 2115378A1 CA 2115378 CA2115378 CA 2115378 CA 2115378 A CA2115378 A CA 2115378A CA 2115378 A1 CA2115378 A1 CA 2115378A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- storage rack
- fact
- accordance
- stacking
- supports
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
- B65G1/02—Storage devices
- B65G1/14—Stack holders or separators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
- Stacking Of Articles And Auxiliary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
In the case of a storage rack (R) for receiving workpieces (5) with stacking columns (2) separated from one another, which have supports (4) for holding the workpieces (5), the stacking columns (2) are to be mounted so that they can rotate around their longitudinal axes (A). Further, the supports (4) on each stacking column (2) are mounted offset with respect to one another in the vertical and horizontal directions.
(Fig. 1) Attachments: Figs. 1-9
In the case of a storage rack (R) for receiving workpieces (5) with stacking columns (2) separated from one another, which have supports (4) for holding the workpieces (5), the stacking columns (2) are to be mounted so that they can rotate around their longitudinal axes (A). Further, the supports (4) on each stacking column (2) are mounted offset with respect to one another in the vertical and horizontal directions.
(Fig. 1) Attachments: Figs. 1-9
Description
211537~ ~:
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StDrage Rack ~
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The invention concerns a stDrage rack for receiving workpieces with stacking columns spaced apart from one another, which have sLIppOrts for holding the workpieces.
In particular~ storage racks of this type are used in the automobile industry for storing flat automobile parts after these parts come from a press or similar shaping device and before these parts are finished or used. For example~ a rack of this type is described in DE-OS 3~ 11 3~0 and in German Utility Patent ~ 03 ~01.4. In both cases there are stacking columns spaced apart from one another, in or on which there are catches which provide for holding the workpieces within the storaoe rack. In this case the workpiece is taken from the press~ for example by a robot~ and .:
inserted into the corresponding stora~e rack with the ~tacking columns.~ When a workpiece reaches its end position on the corresponding catches~ the next row of catches moves into a receiving position. -'"
~1 ~ 21~ 5378 ~ These storage racks have proven themselves well in many ways~
i however they do have a disadvantage. Because the robot has to 3 bring the workpiece to the storage rack and insert it at different heights there, this robot requires a relatively great amount of time before it i5 able to remove the next piece from the press.
What this really means is that the press operates more rapidly than the robot, and thus i5 dependent on the speed of the robot.
The task of the present invention is to develop a storage rack of the above-mentioned ~ype in which this disadvantage i5 eliminated.
Mounting the stacking columns so that they are capable of rotating around their longitudinal axes leads to the solution of this task.
This invention makes it possible 50 that a robot always stores a workpiece in the same location in the stora~e rackj then the workpiece is moved to another position within the storage rack by means of rotating the stacking column Thus it is possible that the robot always has to perform exactly the same motion and does not have to insert workpieces into the storage rack at different levels. This saves so much time that now the robot can work faster than the press. This makes it possible to utili2e the full capacity of the press.
Many versions of the support on the stacking columns are conceivable, and are to be ~overed by the inventive idea. For 211~378 ~
example, the support may have a spiral shape or be made in the form of a helix, the workpieces traveling from top to bottom by means of a continuous movement of the stacking column. This even permits loading the workpieces in a storage rack with hori~ontally arranged stacking columns. Of course~ in this case the workpieces lie on the supports almost continuously~ so that stress marks or the like may appear here. Further, the gearing and motor cost is increased.
In a preferred specific embodiment of the invention the supports are arranged vertically and hori~ontally offset wih respect to one another. In this case it is recommended that the supports be arranged in vertical rows on the stacking columns. However, another arrangement also is to be covered by the inventive idea~
depending on the mechanical configuration of this storage rack.
In a simple specific embodiment two vertical rows of supports on each stacking column are sufficient. The supports of one row are offset with respect to the supports of the other row. When the stacking columns are rotated, the workpieces drop from one support onto the next lower support of the other vertical row.
: . :
In order for the workpiece to be released for dropping~ the support has to be rotated by a specific angle which depends~ among other things, also on the length of the support. In each case an angle of around ~0 is sufficient so that the two vertical rows can be arranged offset with respect to one another by a horizontal angle "
`: :
StDrage Rack ~
;`'~
The invention concerns a stDrage rack for receiving workpieces with stacking columns spaced apart from one another, which have sLIppOrts for holding the workpieces.
In particular~ storage racks of this type are used in the automobile industry for storing flat automobile parts after these parts come from a press or similar shaping device and before these parts are finished or used. For example~ a rack of this type is described in DE-OS 3~ 11 3~0 and in German Utility Patent ~ 03 ~01.4. In both cases there are stacking columns spaced apart from one another, in or on which there are catches which provide for holding the workpieces within the storaoe rack. In this case the workpiece is taken from the press~ for example by a robot~ and .:
inserted into the corresponding stora~e rack with the ~tacking columns.~ When a workpiece reaches its end position on the corresponding catches~ the next row of catches moves into a receiving position. -'"
~1 ~ 21~ 5378 ~ These storage racks have proven themselves well in many ways~
i however they do have a disadvantage. Because the robot has to 3 bring the workpiece to the storage rack and insert it at different heights there, this robot requires a relatively great amount of time before it i5 able to remove the next piece from the press.
What this really means is that the press operates more rapidly than the robot, and thus i5 dependent on the speed of the robot.
The task of the present invention is to develop a storage rack of the above-mentioned ~ype in which this disadvantage i5 eliminated.
Mounting the stacking columns so that they are capable of rotating around their longitudinal axes leads to the solution of this task.
This invention makes it possible 50 that a robot always stores a workpiece in the same location in the stora~e rackj then the workpiece is moved to another position within the storage rack by means of rotating the stacking column Thus it is possible that the robot always has to perform exactly the same motion and does not have to insert workpieces into the storage rack at different levels. This saves so much time that now the robot can work faster than the press. This makes it possible to utili2e the full capacity of the press.
Many versions of the support on the stacking columns are conceivable, and are to be ~overed by the inventive idea. For 211~378 ~
example, the support may have a spiral shape or be made in the form of a helix, the workpieces traveling from top to bottom by means of a continuous movement of the stacking column. This even permits loading the workpieces in a storage rack with hori~ontally arranged stacking columns. Of course~ in this case the workpieces lie on the supports almost continuously~ so that stress marks or the like may appear here. Further, the gearing and motor cost is increased.
In a preferred specific embodiment of the invention the supports are arranged vertically and hori~ontally offset wih respect to one another. In this case it is recommended that the supports be arranged in vertical rows on the stacking columns. However, another arrangement also is to be covered by the inventive idea~
depending on the mechanical configuration of this storage rack.
In a simple specific embodiment two vertical rows of supports on each stacking column are sufficient. The supports of one row are offset with respect to the supports of the other row. When the stacking columns are rotated, the workpieces drop from one support onto the next lower support of the other vertical row.
: . :
In order for the workpiece to be released for dropping~ the support has to be rotated by a specific angle which depends~ among other things, also on the length of the support. In each case an angle of around ~0 is sufficient so that the two vertical rows can be arranged offset with respect to one another by a horizontal angle "
2 1 1 ~ 3 7 8 of around 90. HDwever, another angle, either a smaller one or a larger one, also is conceivable. This depends, -First of all~ on whether the stacking columns perform a continuous rotarv motion or back and forth rotary motion. In the case of back and forth rotary motion, there i5 the arrangement of only two vertical rows~
which, however, horizontally include an angle of less than 1~0.
In the case of continuous rotary motion of the stacking column, the hori~ontal angle of a majority o-f vertical rows also may be smaller than 90, 50 that the workpiece drops down in essentially smaller stages. Of course, then a large number of supports is required.
The supports themselves may be connected firmly with the stacking column. For example, when making the stacking column it is possible to mold the support to this stacking col~mn itself. It also i5 possible to screw the supports into the stacking column, to weld them in, to glue them in, or otherwise connect them.
However, since having a robot remove the workpieces from the storage rack also has been taken into account, the supports may be . ~
made 50 that they are tippable. They should be tippable from an approximately hori~ontal holding position into a vertical position until a workpiece on them can slide forward. ~
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If the workpieces concerned are particularly sens~tive, the supports may be provided with cushions or they may be coated with
which, however, horizontally include an angle of less than 1~0.
In the case of continuous rotary motion of the stacking column, the hori~ontal angle of a majority o-f vertical rows also may be smaller than 90, 50 that the workpiece drops down in essentially smaller stages. Of course, then a large number of supports is required.
The supports themselves may be connected firmly with the stacking column. For example, when making the stacking column it is possible to mold the support to this stacking col~mn itself. It also i5 possible to screw the supports into the stacking column, to weld them in, to glue them in, or otherwise connect them.
However, since having a robot remove the workpieces from the storage rack also has been taken into account, the supports may be . ~
made 50 that they are tippable. They should be tippable from an approximately hori~ontal holding position into a vertical position until a workpiece on them can slide forward. ~
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If the workpieces concerned are particularly sens~tive, the supports may be provided with cushions or they may be coated with
3 protection against wear. Further, rollers, balls, or the like, which rDll on the underside of the workpiece durinq the rotation of the stacking column, also may be integrated into the supports.
Damage to the workpiece also i5 avoided in this way.
In a preferred specific embodiment, each stacking column is surrounded by a protective section~ as is shown7 for example~ in German Utility Patent 92 03 ~01.4. ~mong other things~ this has the advantage that a part of the protective section itself may serve as a stopbar for the workpieces without an additional section. The motion of the support does not exclude the possibility that the workpiece may be pushed back and forth horizontally within the storage rack. Motion of this kind is prevented either by a corresponding elongation of the protective section or by separate sections or vertical strips on the protective sections. If no protective sections are provided~ as a rule, separate stops for the workpieces would have to be provided.
In the individual case it is also conceivable that the stacking columns are arranged on or in a corresponding protective section.
This is carried out in a way similar to that described in German Utility Patent ~ 03 ~01.4. Only the ablilty of the stacking columns to rotate has to be provided. For example. it is conceivable that a stub shaft of the stacking column engages in an upper horizontal cover plate~ ~hich covers the t-op of the protective section. This cover plate may be provided with a longitudinal hole in which the stub shaft is guided movable in a ... . ~ . , . . . , . - ~ :, . :
,,.,j. . , ., ~ . . . .. ; . . - " , . : ::
21 1 ~3 378 limited range and adjustable so that the stacking column may be tipped in a desired range.
The stacking columns may be rotated in any way and manner. They may be driven manually, by motor, hydraulically, pneumatically, or the like. The appropriate method of driving the columns depends on whether a continuous rotary motion of the stacking columns is to be performed in one direction or the motion is to be performed back and forth. In the case of a continuous rotation, for example, the use of an electric motor is conceivable. Pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders are more suited for back and forth motion.
3n the case of a continuous rotation of the stacking columns, the speed is matched to the speed of the robot, 50 that in each case the uppermost supports always are free at the correct moment. In the case of a cyclic rotation, which may be performed either back and forth or only in one direction, for example, the motion of the robot may trigger a pulse which initiates this motion Further, as a rule~ all stacking columns of one storage rack should perform a uniform rotary motion. Only then is it guaranteed that : : ...:.
the workpiece actually is released from one support and received by `~
; another one. It is now conceivable that each stacking column have its own drive, which drives preferably are connected together mechanically or electrically~ ~s a rule~ however, a single drive should be sufficient, the other stacking columns then being ;~
,'''' ;'.''' : :: . ~, :~ ~ 2~ 37~
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connected with the driven stacking column via corresponding coupling elements. For example~ a chain which wraps around corresponding toothed wheels ~n the stacking columns may be used as a coupling element. Of course, a chain of this type has to be maintained and tightened. Therefore the individual stacking columns are to be connected with one another by means of other connecting elements, such as, for example, connecting rods~ The coupling i5 made so that the rotary mDtion of one stacking column necessarily i5 transmitted to all other ones via the connecting rods. The stacking columns are mounted on a base plate in order that the storage rack may be transported. ~Iso, for transporting the storage rack the stacking columns should be ~ble to be fastened 50 that accidental rotation does not cause a no longer desirable shifting of the workpieces within the storage rack.
~s soon a5 the stDrage rack is at the desired location, it may be unloaded. Speed plays no role in the unloading, so that here the workpieces ~ay be removed either upward on the storage rack or to the side.
In many cases transport andJor storage of the workpieces in the vertical position also is desired. For this purpose it is possible to tip the storage rack laterally by 90~ so that the workpieces may be transported and more easily removed in this posi~tion. The current fork lifts are capable of such a rotation. In this case the supports are locked after the storage rack is filled and before '" '. "^.: . `
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,',.. ,.', :.,: , ' ., '.: : . :'i' ' ' :': :
211~i378 it is emptied so that the workpieces are held between them.
If the supports are made as screws, the storage racks may be filled even with workpieces vertically arranged and carried by the robot in this position.
Qs sDDn as the storage rack is emptied, it should be returned to the filling station. ~ centering plate which has the corresponding centering pin for the base plate may be provided 50 that the rack is reoriented with respect to the filling robot resp. with respect to the press. ~ further advantage of this arrangement is that not every storage rack has to have its own drive~ but that a drive :
which has a releasable connection with at least one stacking column is associateJ with the centering plate. For example, this drive may be a hydraulic cylinder which operates a pusher via a piston rod. For the sake of simplicity~ this pusher has a recess into which a lever is inserted7 this lever, moreover, being firmly connected with a stacking column. However~ here also it is possible to have many versiDnS~ which are to be covered by the inventive idea.
Moreover, the stacking columns themselves may have different cross~
sectional shapes. In practice it has proven to be the case that~
first o~ all, a cross-sectionally rectangular stacking cDlumn is preferred7 since it presents a certain guiding edge for the workpiece.
,~ ~115378 Furthermore, there may be more than four columns within a storage rack. There may be even six or more columns, six columns being ¦ provided when very large parts are to be stored. More columns are provided if several parts are to be stored beside one ano~her.
I In a preferred embodiment of the invention~ one more unloading device is to be coordinated with the stacking columns. Qne advantage of the present invention is to be seen in the fact that in the case of loading by hand, insofar as this takes place, the operator no longer has to bend. However, this is not the case for the persons who unload the storage rack. They do have to bend, and the lower the workplece to be unloaded lies, the lower they have to bend. This disadvantage is eliminated by means of an unloading device, which, for e~ample, for the sake of simplicity, may consist of a skid which can be guided under the lowest workpiece. If now the stacking columns is rotated, the lowest workpiece drops onto the skid and may be removed from the storage rack with the skid.
simple unloading capability is provided in this way.
Q further advantage of ~he unloading device is the fact that in no case does the support any longer have to be made so that it can swivel. This saves considerable manufacturing costs Further, the supports may be placed much closer to one another vertically so that a known storage rack may be filled with approximately twice as many workpieces. Further, then the storage rack may require considerably fewer mechanical parts which have to be maintained 211 ~378 .
., ~ andJor may wear.
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Q drive which also may have any configuration should be coordinated with the unloading device. It only has to Dperate so that the unloading device i5 pushed between the stacking columns and pulled back again. ~ll possible drives are covered by the inventive idea.
The same also obtains for the guiding of the unloading device, which, for example5 i5 performed by means of rails in corresponding guides.
O-f course, the drive should be connected with the drive 15, 50 that i the drive 15 is actuated only when the skid is located under the I lowest workpiece.
Further advantages~ features, and details of the invention result from the following specific embodiments as well as from the drawing; here ~ ':
Fig. 1 shDws a perspective view o-f a storage rack in accordance ~ ;
with the invention;
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Fig. ~ shows a perspective view Df a further specific embodiment of a storage rack in accordance with the invention;
Fig. 3 shows a sketch of a further specific embodiment of a ~-`
storage rack in accordance with the invention;
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Fig 4 shows a top view of the storage rack shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 shows a top view of a centering piece for a storage rack with a drive;
Fig. b shows a perspective view of a further specific embodiment of a storage rack in accordance with the invention;
Fig. 7 shows a perspective view of the storage rack shown in Fig.
~ in a further workiny position, Fig. 8 shows a schematic side view of a further specific embodiment of a storage rack;
Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of a specific embodiment of an unloading device in accordance with the invention.
~ storage rack R, made in accordance with the invention~ shown in Fig. 1, has a base plate 1, on which there are four staking columns ~a, ~b, ~c, and ~d. Each stacking column ~ may be rotated aro~nd its longitudinal axis ~, each stacking column 2 resting in a corresponding pivot bearing on the base plate 1. The pivot bearing ~ is mentioned only for example, it is only essential that the stacking column ~ be pivotable around the longitudinal axis.
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-- 2~1~378 ~ large number of supports 4, which in the working position serve for hwlding a workpiece 59 are coordinated with the stacking column 2. This support 4 may be a fixed attachment to a stacking column It is also possible to have a simple bolt, which is inserted into the stacking column ~. Of course, it is preferable to have a support 49 which is mounted 50 that it may tip in the stacking column ~, and for which support the stacking column has a corresponding recess 6.
(l .
In the specific embodiment shown, four vertical rows of supports 4 in each case are arranged offset with respect to one another at a ;;i~
horizontal angle of ~0. In this case each support 4 of one vertical row is located at a height of approximately half the distance between two supports of an adjacent vertical row. It goes without saying, and also is to be covered by the inventive idea, that only two, or also more than four such vertical rows may be provided. Qlso the vertical and horizontal offset of the supports with respect to one another may be configured differently. ~ -~
~'-' The stacking c:olumn 2 is turned by means of a drive9 it being possible for each stacking column to have its own drive. In the preferred specific embodiment, however, the stacking columns ~ are to be connected with one another by means of corresponding coupling ele~nents 50 that one drive is sufficient for turning all stacking columns ~ around the longitudinal a~es Pt :1 ~
-- 2~ ~378 ~ccording to Fig. 1 this coupling element is a chain 7, which is laid over toothed wheels 8 as an endless chain. Each toothed wheel 8 pre-Ferably is connected torsionally with a stacking column 2.
For example, only one motor 9 mounted in the stacking column 2c is sufficient for turning stacking column 2c. Of cDurse this motor ~
also may be located in the base plate l; further, the motor ~ may rest on the base plate 1 between two stacking columns 2 and have a corresponding connection to the chain 7.
If a continuous rotary motion of the stacking columns ~ is desired, the motor turns continuously; if a timed back and forth motion of the stacking columns 2 around their respective longitudinal axes is desired, a correspondingly timed motor is used.
The mode of operation of the present invention is as follows:
For example, a corresponding workpiece 5, for example an automobile part, is removed from a press. This workpiece 5 is inserted into the storage rack R 50 that it lies on the uppermost support 4.
Now, while a robot fetches the next workpiece from the press, the stacking column ~ performs a rotary motion, the support being guided under the workpiece outward until the workpiece 5 is released. ~t the moment when the workpiece 5 is released from the supports 4, the supports of the adjacent vertical row already are under the workpiece 5, so that the workpiece 5 drops onto this 2 ~ 1 ~ 3 7 8 support. However, the support here is the second uppermost support, SD that the uppermost support again is ready for receiving anDther workpiece.
In this way, with each rotary motion of the stacking colu~ns by not entirely 90, the workpiece 4 always drops one stage lower; this also is the case when several workpieces already are present in the storage rack R. In the case of the rotation of the stacking column, all workpieces drop down in stages. The same effect al50 is obtained if the stacking column ~ does not rotate around the longitudinal axis continuously, but in each case cycles in one direction or moves back and forth within the framework of appro~imately 90.
It goes without saying that the supports 4, onto which the workpieces 5 drop in stages, are correspQndingly cushioned.
Further, the supports may be equipped with rollers or balls so that there is no damage to the workpieces. No limit i5 set on the inventive idea here.
The specific embodiment of a storage rack R1 shown in Fig.
differs in that each stacking column 2 is coordinated with a protective section 10. This protective section 10 is described in greater detail in Utility Patent 4~ 03 901~4, the content of this utiiity patent with respect to the protective section 10 also being the subject of the present protected right.
~1 ~11 537~
,~, ~d Figs. 3 and 4 show a specific embodiment of a storage frame R~ in j the case of which the stacking columns ~ are not connected by means of a chain, but by means of a rod 11. In this way adjacent ) stacking columns ~ in each case are coupled with one another by J, means of an excentrically mounted connecting rod 1~, the connecting rod 12 in each case being connected via corresponding swivels 13a and 13b excentrically with a pivot bearing 3a and 3b of a stacking column ~a, respectively ~b. ~-~, .
pivot bearing 3b, for example of the stacking column ~b, is engaged by a piston rod i4 of a drive, for example a hydraulic cylinder 15, and set in rotary motion. The rotary motion is ¦ transmitted to the pivot bearing 3 of the adjacent stacking column via the connecting rod 1~. Since in this case this is a matter of a back-and-forth rotary motion, two vertical rows of supports are sufficient.
~ large number of users of storage racks of this type utilize a centering plate 1~, as shown in Fig. 5, for centering the bearing rack in relation to a robot, a press, or the like. This centering plate 16 always remains fixed in one location, while the storage rack is transported as soon as it is filled. In order that the storage rack can resume a desired position opposite a press, a robot, centering pins 17 and 18, which work together with corresponding recesses in the storage rack, are located on the centering plate 1~.
- 211.537~
,, .
In according with the invention7 a drive may now be provided on this centering plate lb so that this drive may be used for a large number of storage racks. In the present specific embodiment, the drive again has the hydraulic cylinder 15 mentioned in Fig. 4, which engages a pusher with its piston rod~ The pusher 19 i5 guided in rails 20 and 21, the pusher 1~ being able to move in the direction of the double arrow ~2.
The pusher lY has a recess ~3 into which a lever ~4~ which is shown only with a dashed line in Fig. 5, may be inserted. The lever 24 is firmly connected with a pivot bearing 3. The recess 23 i5 made as a slot in order to make a connection between the lever 24 and the pusher 1~ possible.
In the further specific embodiment of a storage rack shown in Figs.
b and 7~ the base plate i5 replaced by a base frame ~5. The stacking columns 2 rest in the corner areas of this base frame 25 and are mounted so that they may turn correspondingly there.
protective frame 26 is connected to the base frame 25 at an angle of approximately ~0. This protective frame essentially consists of si~e pDsts 27 and 28 as well as a cross-beam 2~ connecting them and is supported against the base frame by means of diagaonal trussing 30. Both frames 25 and 26 have feet.
The operating position of the storage rack R3 shown in Fig. ~ i5 suitable for loading with workpieces. ~fter the loading, the storage rack i5 rotated by ~0 and thus transported and placed.
The workpieces are located in a vertical position, the supports preferably are locked. The workpieces may be removed from this position.
In accordance with the invention, Fi~. 8 shows an unloading ~evice E coordinated with a storage rack R. This unloading device E may be moved in the direction ~, it being capable of engaging between the stacking columns 2. The movement in direction x is performed by any drive 3~. For example, this may be a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder or an electric drive.
If the unloading device E is driven in the direction x between stacking columns Z by means of the drive 32, in the operating position a skid 33 engages under the lowest workpiece. This lies on the lowest supports 4. If the stacking columns Z rotate further now, the lowest workpiece 5 drops onto the skid 33. I-f the unloading device E then is driven from the storage rack R opposite the direction ~ by means of the drive 3Z, the workpiece 5 remains on the skid 33 and also moves from the storage rack R. Qn operator now can easily take it from the skid and deliver it for its further use.
Qn example of an unloading device E is shown in Fig. ~. For the sake of simplicity, here the skid 33a consists of a frame which is connected with rails 35 by straps 34. The rails 35 here are made 2~37~ ~
angular 50 that they can easily be guided into cbrrespondingly shaped guide grooves. It al50 is possible that these rails 35 also are guided on or in the centering plate 1~. However, this is only one specific embodi~ent of a loading device E1. The present invention includes many conceivable options.
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Damage to the workpiece also i5 avoided in this way.
In a preferred specific embodiment, each stacking column is surrounded by a protective section~ as is shown7 for example~ in German Utility Patent 92 03 ~01.4. ~mong other things~ this has the advantage that a part of the protective section itself may serve as a stopbar for the workpieces without an additional section. The motion of the support does not exclude the possibility that the workpiece may be pushed back and forth horizontally within the storage rack. Motion of this kind is prevented either by a corresponding elongation of the protective section or by separate sections or vertical strips on the protective sections. If no protective sections are provided~ as a rule, separate stops for the workpieces would have to be provided.
In the individual case it is also conceivable that the stacking columns are arranged on or in a corresponding protective section.
This is carried out in a way similar to that described in German Utility Patent ~ 03 ~01.4. Only the ablilty of the stacking columns to rotate has to be provided. For example. it is conceivable that a stub shaft of the stacking column engages in an upper horizontal cover plate~ ~hich covers the t-op of the protective section. This cover plate may be provided with a longitudinal hole in which the stub shaft is guided movable in a ... . ~ . , . . . , . - ~ :, . :
,,.,j. . , ., ~ . . . .. ; . . - " , . : ::
21 1 ~3 378 limited range and adjustable so that the stacking column may be tipped in a desired range.
The stacking columns may be rotated in any way and manner. They may be driven manually, by motor, hydraulically, pneumatically, or the like. The appropriate method of driving the columns depends on whether a continuous rotary motion of the stacking columns is to be performed in one direction or the motion is to be performed back and forth. In the case of a continuous rotation, for example, the use of an electric motor is conceivable. Pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders are more suited for back and forth motion.
3n the case of a continuous rotation of the stacking columns, the speed is matched to the speed of the robot, 50 that in each case the uppermost supports always are free at the correct moment. In the case of a cyclic rotation, which may be performed either back and forth or only in one direction, for example, the motion of the robot may trigger a pulse which initiates this motion Further, as a rule~ all stacking columns of one storage rack should perform a uniform rotary motion. Only then is it guaranteed that : : ...:.
the workpiece actually is released from one support and received by `~
; another one. It is now conceivable that each stacking column have its own drive, which drives preferably are connected together mechanically or electrically~ ~s a rule~ however, a single drive should be sufficient, the other stacking columns then being ;~
,'''' ;'.''' : :: . ~, :~ ~ 2~ 37~
..
connected with the driven stacking column via corresponding coupling elements. For example~ a chain which wraps around corresponding toothed wheels ~n the stacking columns may be used as a coupling element. Of course, a chain of this type has to be maintained and tightened. Therefore the individual stacking columns are to be connected with one another by means of other connecting elements, such as, for example, connecting rods~ The coupling i5 made so that the rotary mDtion of one stacking column necessarily i5 transmitted to all other ones via the connecting rods. The stacking columns are mounted on a base plate in order that the storage rack may be transported. ~Iso, for transporting the storage rack the stacking columns should be ~ble to be fastened 50 that accidental rotation does not cause a no longer desirable shifting of the workpieces within the storage rack.
~s soon a5 the stDrage rack is at the desired location, it may be unloaded. Speed plays no role in the unloading, so that here the workpieces ~ay be removed either upward on the storage rack or to the side.
In many cases transport andJor storage of the workpieces in the vertical position also is desired. For this purpose it is possible to tip the storage rack laterally by 90~ so that the workpieces may be transported and more easily removed in this posi~tion. The current fork lifts are capable of such a rotation. In this case the supports are locked after the storage rack is filled and before '" '. "^.: . `
"' ~ . . ' ' ~ " ' 1 , , `
' ', '.;,''' ~' . ' ' . ' ' .
,',.. ,.', :.,: , ' ., '.: : . :'i' ' ' :': :
211~i378 it is emptied so that the workpieces are held between them.
If the supports are made as screws, the storage racks may be filled even with workpieces vertically arranged and carried by the robot in this position.
Qs sDDn as the storage rack is emptied, it should be returned to the filling station. ~ centering plate which has the corresponding centering pin for the base plate may be provided 50 that the rack is reoriented with respect to the filling robot resp. with respect to the press. ~ further advantage of this arrangement is that not every storage rack has to have its own drive~ but that a drive :
which has a releasable connection with at least one stacking column is associateJ with the centering plate. For example, this drive may be a hydraulic cylinder which operates a pusher via a piston rod. For the sake of simplicity~ this pusher has a recess into which a lever is inserted7 this lever, moreover, being firmly connected with a stacking column. However~ here also it is possible to have many versiDnS~ which are to be covered by the inventive idea.
Moreover, the stacking columns themselves may have different cross~
sectional shapes. In practice it has proven to be the case that~
first o~ all, a cross-sectionally rectangular stacking cDlumn is preferred7 since it presents a certain guiding edge for the workpiece.
,~ ~115378 Furthermore, there may be more than four columns within a storage rack. There may be even six or more columns, six columns being ¦ provided when very large parts are to be stored. More columns are provided if several parts are to be stored beside one ano~her.
I In a preferred embodiment of the invention~ one more unloading device is to be coordinated with the stacking columns. Qne advantage of the present invention is to be seen in the fact that in the case of loading by hand, insofar as this takes place, the operator no longer has to bend. However, this is not the case for the persons who unload the storage rack. They do have to bend, and the lower the workplece to be unloaded lies, the lower they have to bend. This disadvantage is eliminated by means of an unloading device, which, for e~ample, for the sake of simplicity, may consist of a skid which can be guided under the lowest workpiece. If now the stacking columns is rotated, the lowest workpiece drops onto the skid and may be removed from the storage rack with the skid.
simple unloading capability is provided in this way.
Q further advantage of ~he unloading device is the fact that in no case does the support any longer have to be made so that it can swivel. This saves considerable manufacturing costs Further, the supports may be placed much closer to one another vertically so that a known storage rack may be filled with approximately twice as many workpieces. Further, then the storage rack may require considerably fewer mechanical parts which have to be maintained 211 ~378 .
., ~ andJor may wear.
;~
Q drive which also may have any configuration should be coordinated with the unloading device. It only has to Dperate so that the unloading device i5 pushed between the stacking columns and pulled back again. ~ll possible drives are covered by the inventive idea.
The same also obtains for the guiding of the unloading device, which, for example5 i5 performed by means of rails in corresponding guides.
O-f course, the drive should be connected with the drive 15, 50 that i the drive 15 is actuated only when the skid is located under the I lowest workpiece.
Further advantages~ features, and details of the invention result from the following specific embodiments as well as from the drawing; here ~ ':
Fig. 1 shDws a perspective view o-f a storage rack in accordance ~ ;
with the invention;
~ ;:, ~,.
Fig. ~ shows a perspective view Df a further specific embodiment of a storage rack in accordance with the invention;
Fig. 3 shows a sketch of a further specific embodiment of a ~-`
storage rack in accordance with the invention;
~ 0 ' ~ .
:' j~ 2~1~37~
Fig 4 shows a top view of the storage rack shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 shows a top view of a centering piece for a storage rack with a drive;
Fig. b shows a perspective view of a further specific embodiment of a storage rack in accordance with the invention;
Fig. 7 shows a perspective view of the storage rack shown in Fig.
~ in a further workiny position, Fig. 8 shows a schematic side view of a further specific embodiment of a storage rack;
Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of a specific embodiment of an unloading device in accordance with the invention.
~ storage rack R, made in accordance with the invention~ shown in Fig. 1, has a base plate 1, on which there are four staking columns ~a, ~b, ~c, and ~d. Each stacking column ~ may be rotated aro~nd its longitudinal axis ~, each stacking column 2 resting in a corresponding pivot bearing on the base plate 1. The pivot bearing ~ is mentioned only for example, it is only essential that the stacking column ~ be pivotable around the longitudinal axis.
. ` `"; r ; ~`:
-- 2~1~378 ~ large number of supports 4, which in the working position serve for hwlding a workpiece 59 are coordinated with the stacking column 2. This support 4 may be a fixed attachment to a stacking column It is also possible to have a simple bolt, which is inserted into the stacking column ~. Of course, it is preferable to have a support 49 which is mounted 50 that it may tip in the stacking column ~, and for which support the stacking column has a corresponding recess 6.
(l .
In the specific embodiment shown, four vertical rows of supports 4 in each case are arranged offset with respect to one another at a ;;i~
horizontal angle of ~0. In this case each support 4 of one vertical row is located at a height of approximately half the distance between two supports of an adjacent vertical row. It goes without saying, and also is to be covered by the inventive idea, that only two, or also more than four such vertical rows may be provided. Qlso the vertical and horizontal offset of the supports with respect to one another may be configured differently. ~ -~
~'-' The stacking c:olumn 2 is turned by means of a drive9 it being possible for each stacking column to have its own drive. In the preferred specific embodiment, however, the stacking columns ~ are to be connected with one another by means of corresponding coupling ele~nents 50 that one drive is sufficient for turning all stacking columns ~ around the longitudinal a~es Pt :1 ~
-- 2~ ~378 ~ccording to Fig. 1 this coupling element is a chain 7, which is laid over toothed wheels 8 as an endless chain. Each toothed wheel 8 pre-Ferably is connected torsionally with a stacking column 2.
For example, only one motor 9 mounted in the stacking column 2c is sufficient for turning stacking column 2c. Of cDurse this motor ~
also may be located in the base plate l; further, the motor ~ may rest on the base plate 1 between two stacking columns 2 and have a corresponding connection to the chain 7.
If a continuous rotary motion of the stacking columns ~ is desired, the motor turns continuously; if a timed back and forth motion of the stacking columns 2 around their respective longitudinal axes is desired, a correspondingly timed motor is used.
The mode of operation of the present invention is as follows:
For example, a corresponding workpiece 5, for example an automobile part, is removed from a press. This workpiece 5 is inserted into the storage rack R 50 that it lies on the uppermost support 4.
Now, while a robot fetches the next workpiece from the press, the stacking column ~ performs a rotary motion, the support being guided under the workpiece outward until the workpiece 5 is released. ~t the moment when the workpiece 5 is released from the supports 4, the supports of the adjacent vertical row already are under the workpiece 5, so that the workpiece 5 drops onto this 2 ~ 1 ~ 3 7 8 support. However, the support here is the second uppermost support, SD that the uppermost support again is ready for receiving anDther workpiece.
In this way, with each rotary motion of the stacking colu~ns by not entirely 90, the workpiece 4 always drops one stage lower; this also is the case when several workpieces already are present in the storage rack R. In the case of the rotation of the stacking column, all workpieces drop down in stages. The same effect al50 is obtained if the stacking column ~ does not rotate around the longitudinal axis continuously, but in each case cycles in one direction or moves back and forth within the framework of appro~imately 90.
It goes without saying that the supports 4, onto which the workpieces 5 drop in stages, are correspQndingly cushioned.
Further, the supports may be equipped with rollers or balls so that there is no damage to the workpieces. No limit i5 set on the inventive idea here.
The specific embodiment of a storage rack R1 shown in Fig.
differs in that each stacking column 2 is coordinated with a protective section 10. This protective section 10 is described in greater detail in Utility Patent 4~ 03 901~4, the content of this utiiity patent with respect to the protective section 10 also being the subject of the present protected right.
~1 ~11 537~
,~, ~d Figs. 3 and 4 show a specific embodiment of a storage frame R~ in j the case of which the stacking columns ~ are not connected by means of a chain, but by means of a rod 11. In this way adjacent ) stacking columns ~ in each case are coupled with one another by J, means of an excentrically mounted connecting rod 1~, the connecting rod 12 in each case being connected via corresponding swivels 13a and 13b excentrically with a pivot bearing 3a and 3b of a stacking column ~a, respectively ~b. ~-~, .
pivot bearing 3b, for example of the stacking column ~b, is engaged by a piston rod i4 of a drive, for example a hydraulic cylinder 15, and set in rotary motion. The rotary motion is ¦ transmitted to the pivot bearing 3 of the adjacent stacking column via the connecting rod 1~. Since in this case this is a matter of a back-and-forth rotary motion, two vertical rows of supports are sufficient.
~ large number of users of storage racks of this type utilize a centering plate 1~, as shown in Fig. 5, for centering the bearing rack in relation to a robot, a press, or the like. This centering plate 16 always remains fixed in one location, while the storage rack is transported as soon as it is filled. In order that the storage rack can resume a desired position opposite a press, a robot, centering pins 17 and 18, which work together with corresponding recesses in the storage rack, are located on the centering plate 1~.
- 211.537~
,, .
In according with the invention7 a drive may now be provided on this centering plate lb so that this drive may be used for a large number of storage racks. In the present specific embodiment, the drive again has the hydraulic cylinder 15 mentioned in Fig. 4, which engages a pusher with its piston rod~ The pusher 19 i5 guided in rails 20 and 21, the pusher 1~ being able to move in the direction of the double arrow ~2.
The pusher lY has a recess ~3 into which a lever ~4~ which is shown only with a dashed line in Fig. 5, may be inserted. The lever 24 is firmly connected with a pivot bearing 3. The recess 23 i5 made as a slot in order to make a connection between the lever 24 and the pusher 1~ possible.
In the further specific embodiment of a storage rack shown in Figs.
b and 7~ the base plate i5 replaced by a base frame ~5. The stacking columns 2 rest in the corner areas of this base frame 25 and are mounted so that they may turn correspondingly there.
protective frame 26 is connected to the base frame 25 at an angle of approximately ~0. This protective frame essentially consists of si~e pDsts 27 and 28 as well as a cross-beam 2~ connecting them and is supported against the base frame by means of diagaonal trussing 30. Both frames 25 and 26 have feet.
The operating position of the storage rack R3 shown in Fig. ~ i5 suitable for loading with workpieces. ~fter the loading, the storage rack i5 rotated by ~0 and thus transported and placed.
The workpieces are located in a vertical position, the supports preferably are locked. The workpieces may be removed from this position.
In accordance with the invention, Fi~. 8 shows an unloading ~evice E coordinated with a storage rack R. This unloading device E may be moved in the direction ~, it being capable of engaging between the stacking columns 2. The movement in direction x is performed by any drive 3~. For example, this may be a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder or an electric drive.
If the unloading device E is driven in the direction x between stacking columns Z by means of the drive 32, in the operating position a skid 33 engages under the lowest workpiece. This lies on the lowest supports 4. If the stacking columns Z rotate further now, the lowest workpiece 5 drops onto the skid 33. I-f the unloading device E then is driven from the storage rack R opposite the direction ~ by means of the drive 3Z, the workpiece 5 remains on the skid 33 and also moves from the storage rack R. Qn operator now can easily take it from the skid and deliver it for its further use.
Qn example of an unloading device E is shown in Fig. ~. For the sake of simplicity, here the skid 33a consists of a frame which is connected with rails 35 by straps 34. The rails 35 here are made 2~37~ ~
angular 50 that they can easily be guided into cbrrespondingly shaped guide grooves. It al50 is possible that these rails 35 also are guided on or in the centering plate 1~. However, this is only one specific embodi~ent of a loading device E1. The present invention includes many conceivable options.
..' ~
-
Claims (27)
1. A storage rack for receiving workpieces (5) with stacking columns (2) separated from one another, which have supports (4) for holding the workpieces (5), characterized by the fact that the stacking columns (2) are mounted so that they may rotate around their londitudinal axes (A).
2. A storage rack in accordance with Claim 1, characterized by the fact that the supports (4) on each stacking column (2) are mounted offset with respect to one another in the vertical and horizontal directions.
3. A storage rack in accordance with Claim 2, characterized by the fact that the supports (4) are arranged in at least two vertical rows on the stacking columns (2).
4. A storage rack in accordance with Claim 3, characterized by the fact that the two vertical rows of supports (4) are mounted offset with respect to one another at a horizontal angle of approximately 90°.
5. A storage rack in accordance with a-t least one of the Claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the supports 14) are molded fixed to the stacking column (2) or are connected with it.
6. A storage rack in accordance with at least one of the Claims 1 to 47 characterized by the fact that the supports (41 are connected with the stacking column (2) so that they can tip from a horizontal holding position into an approximately vertical position.
7. A storage rack in accordance with at least one of the Claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that the supports (4) are covered by a cushion and/or are provided with a coating.
8. A storage rack in accordance with at least one of the Claims 1 to 77 characterized by the fact that rollers, balls, or the like, on which the workpieces rest, are located in or on the supports (4).
9. A storage rack in accordance with at least one of the Claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact that the supports (4) are arranged spirally on the stacking column (2).
10. A storage rack in accordance with at least one of the Claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that the stacking column (2) is surrounded by a protective section (10).
11. A storage rack in accordance with at least one of the Claims 1 to 10, characterized by the fact that a drive (9, 15), which turns the stacking column (2) around the longitudinal axis (A), is coordinated with at least one stacking column (2).
12. A storage column in accordance with Claim 119 characterized by the fact that the drive (9, 15) is a rotary or timed motor (9).
13. A storage rack in accordance with Claim 11, characterized by the fact that the drive (9) is a timed motor with forward and backward motion.
14. A storage rack in accordance with Claim 11, characterized by the fact that the drive is a hydraulically or pneumatically driven piston-cylinder unit (15), the piston rod (14) of which is connected with a stacking column (2).
15. A storage rack in accordance with at least one of the Claims 1 to 14, characterized by the fact that the stacking columns (2) are connected with one another via coupling elements (7, 12).
storage rack in accordance with Claim 15, characterized by the fact that the coupling element is a chain (7), which partially wraps around a toothed wheel (8) connected with the respective stacking column (2).
storage rack in accordance with Claim 15, characterized by the fact that the coupling element is a chain (7), which partially wraps around a toothed wheel (8) connected with the respective stacking column (2).
21
17. A storage rack in accordance with Claim 15, characterized by the fact that the coupling element is a rod (11), at least one excentrically and flexibly mounted connecting rod (12) connecting two adjacent stacking columns (2) with one another,
18. A storage rack in accordance with at least one of the Claims 1 to 17, characterized by the fact that the stacking columns (2) rest on a base plate (1), a base frame (25), or the like.
19. A storage rack in accordance with Claim 18, characterized by the fact that a centering plate (16), on which a drive for turning the stacking column (2) is located, is coordinated with the base plate (1), the base frame (25), or the like.
20. A storage rack in accordance with Claim 20, characterized by the fact that a pusher (19), which is engaged by the piston rod (14) of a cylinder (15) and slides in rails (20, 21), is located on the centering plate (16).
21. A storage rack in accordance with Claim 20, characterized by the fact that the pusher (19) has a recess (23) for a lever (24), which is firmly connected with a stacking column (2).
22. A storage rack in accordance with at least one of the Claims 18 to 21, characterized by the fact that a supporting frame (26) is connected to the base frame (25), preferably at an angle of 90°.
23. A storage rack in accordance with Claim 22, characterized by the fact that base frame (25) and supporting frame (26) are supported by feet (31).
24. A storage rack in accordance with at least one of the Claims 1 to 23, characterized by the fact that an unloading device (E) is coordinated with the stacking columns (2).
25. A storage rack in accordance with Claim 24, characterized by the fact that the unloading device (E) has a skid (33) which can be guided under the lowest workpiece (5).
26. A storage rack in accordance with Claim 25, characterized by the fact that a drive (32) is coordinated with the unloading device (E).
27. A storage rack in accordance with one of the Claims 24 to 26, characterized by the fact that the unloading device (E) is guided by means of rails (35).
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEG9302139.9 | 1993-02-15 | ||
| DE9302139U DE9302139U1 (en) | 1993-02-15 | 1993-02-15 | Storage rack |
| DEP4312214.0 | 1993-04-14 | ||
| DE4312214A DE4312214C1 (en) | 1993-02-15 | 1993-04-14 | Storage rack |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2115378A1 true CA2115378A1 (en) | 1994-08-16 |
Family
ID=25924919
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2115378 Abandoned CA2115378A1 (en) | 1993-02-15 | 1994-02-10 | Storage rack |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0611708A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH06247521A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2115378A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114291589A (en) * | 2020-10-08 | 2022-04-08 | 德国邮政股份公司 | Method and device for loading containers in packs |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110127258A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-08-16 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of automatic access material library |
| IT202000007087A1 (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-10-03 | Gd Spa | WAREHOUSE FOR BUNCHES OF BLANKETS |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL74973C (en) * | ||||
| DE2937691A1 (en) * | 1979-09-18 | 1981-04-02 | Luther, Erich, Ing.(Grad.) | DEVICE FOR STACKING PLATE-SHAPED OBJECTS |
| DE3403550C2 (en) * | 1984-02-02 | 1986-04-30 | Adam Opel AG, 6090 Rüsselsheim | Transport and storage rack |
| DE3843283A1 (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1990-06-28 | Audi Ag | Device for storing parts of approximately the same shape and size |
-
1994
- 1994-02-02 EP EP94101550A patent/EP0611708A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-02-10 CA CA 2115378 patent/CA2115378A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-02-15 JP JP1839694A patent/JPH06247521A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114291589A (en) * | 2020-10-08 | 2022-04-08 | 德国邮政股份公司 | Method and device for loading containers in packs |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06247521A (en) | 1994-09-06 |
| EP0611708A1 (en) | 1994-08-24 |
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