CA2114350A1 - Compost process air recirculation and reuse - Google Patents
Compost process air recirculation and reuseInfo
- Publication number
- CA2114350A1 CA2114350A1 CA002114350A CA2114350A CA2114350A1 CA 2114350 A1 CA2114350 A1 CA 2114350A1 CA 002114350 A CA002114350 A CA 002114350A CA 2114350 A CA2114350 A CA 2114350A CA 2114350 A1 CA2114350 A1 CA 2114350A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- composting
- air
- amount
- composted
- noxious
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
This patent application submitted by Savoy Enterprises Ltd. pertains to the composting of municipal solid waste and/or biosolids (sewage sludges) and the related removal of noxious or offensive odors, if they exist, from the composting process air leaving or being expelled from the material being composted.
Aerated Static Pile, Agitated Bin or Bay (hereinafter referred to as Bay) or Aerated Windrow Composting noxious or offensive odors in the air emissions from the composting process are controlled by using some of the material being composted as a biofilter for control of odor from the compost process air that is being recirculated through the composting material.
Combining composting and biofiltration of recirculated process air reduces the amount of fresh process or make-up air required from the atmosphere outside of the composting structure and correspondingly the amount of air leaving the composting facility that might require external processing for odor reduction.
The total composting area is physically separated into zones to minimize the comingling and mixing of the air in the building or structure in which the material to be composted is placed.
The air above the separated bays with the fresh or new material to be composted is collected and transported via ducts or piping to the separated bays that contain material that is approaching the advanced stages of composting in the structure and used as the process air supply in these advanced stage composting areas The amount of air to be recirculated through the composting material within the composting building or structure could vary between 90+ percent to 10-percent of the total process air requirements, depending on the characteristics of the material to be composted and the period of time established for composting at separate facilities, thereby reducing the amount of fresh make-up air by 90+ to 10- percent and correspondingly reducing the amount of air that might require external odor control processing.
Aerated Static Pile, Agitated Bin or Bay (hereinafter referred to as Bay) or Aerated Windrow Composting noxious or offensive odors in the air emissions from the composting process are controlled by using some of the material being composted as a biofilter for control of odor from the compost process air that is being recirculated through the composting material.
Combining composting and biofiltration of recirculated process air reduces the amount of fresh process or make-up air required from the atmosphere outside of the composting structure and correspondingly the amount of air leaving the composting facility that might require external processing for odor reduction.
The total composting area is physically separated into zones to minimize the comingling and mixing of the air in the building or structure in which the material to be composted is placed.
The air above the separated bays with the fresh or new material to be composted is collected and transported via ducts or piping to the separated bays that contain material that is approaching the advanced stages of composting in the structure and used as the process air supply in these advanced stage composting areas The amount of air to be recirculated through the composting material within the composting building or structure could vary between 90+ percent to 10-percent of the total process air requirements, depending on the characteristics of the material to be composted and the period of time established for composting at separate facilities, thereby reducing the amount of fresh make-up air by 90+ to 10- percent and correspondingly reducing the amount of air that might require external odor control processing.
Description
21~4~0 SPECIFICATION
This patent application pertains to a proposed improvement and modification of the aerated static pile, agitated bay or aerated windrow cornposting processes of municipal solid waste, compostable industrial wastes, yard waste and biosolids (sewage sludge) or any combination of the above materials that are enclosed in a building or structure.
Currently aerated static pile, agitated bay or aerated windrow composting processes are conducted in: 1) the open; 2) under open-walled structures; or in 3) closed-wall buildings or structures that do not have separated, segregated or partitioned areas above the composting mqt~riql The current practice of generally permitting the air in the building or structure in which the composting is taking place to mix in the areas above the composting material usually results in extensive and/or expensive external noxious or offensive odor removal equipment and/or procedures which could include single, dual or even multi-stage chemical air-scrubbing.
In situations 1) and 2) above, any offensive or noxious odors that may emanate from the compost process are extremely difficuht, if not impossible to control and eliminate or rectify since the air emqns~ling from the cornposting material is discharged directly to the atmosphere. In situation 3) cited above, if offensive or noxious odors should develop or occur during the composting process the volume of air to be processed through an adequate odor control, air
This patent application pertains to a proposed improvement and modification of the aerated static pile, agitated bay or aerated windrow cornposting processes of municipal solid waste, compostable industrial wastes, yard waste and biosolids (sewage sludge) or any combination of the above materials that are enclosed in a building or structure.
Currently aerated static pile, agitated bay or aerated windrow composting processes are conducted in: 1) the open; 2) under open-walled structures; or in 3) closed-wall buildings or structures that do not have separated, segregated or partitioned areas above the composting mqt~riql The current practice of generally permitting the air in the building or structure in which the composting is taking place to mix in the areas above the composting material usually results in extensive and/or expensive external noxious or offensive odor removal equipment and/or procedures which could include single, dual or even multi-stage chemical air-scrubbing.
In situations 1) and 2) above, any offensive or noxious odors that may emanate from the compost process are extremely difficuht, if not impossible to control and eliminate or rectify since the air emqns~ling from the cornposting material is discharged directly to the atmosphere. In situation 3) cited above, if offensive or noxious odors should develop or occur during the composting process the volume of air to be processed through an adequate odor control, air
2 of 6 remediation, chemical air scrubbing or biofilter system can be dr~mqti~qlly reduced due to the recirc~ tit n of air within the structure, as process air, where the composting process is taking place. The volume of air requiring procesC;n~ for odor remel1iqti-m or removal will be reduced to that volume of air that is required as external make-up air within the structure where the composting is taking place. The amount of air to be recirculated through the composting material within the composting building or structure could vary between 90+ percent to 10-percent ofthe total process air requirements, depending on the characteristics ofthe mqtPnql to be composted and the period of time estabhshed for composting at separate facilities, thereby redllcin~; the amount of fresh make-up air by 90+ to 10- percent and correspondingly redll~;ng the amount of air that might require extPrn~l odor control processing.
The percentage of process air that may be recirculated within the composting structure will vary with each composting facility. Items to be considered include but are not necessarily hmited to the characteristics of the material to be composted, local temperature and relative humidity and will have to be determined on a case by case basis through actual operations.
The implem~ntation of the modified/improved composting/odor control system that is the subject of this patent application is further described and depicted in the attached three (3) drawings which are part of this patent application. The aEit~ted bay system for composting is completely enclosed within a building or structure, (See Figure 1) the individual bays are isolated or separated from one another by bay walls (See Figure 2 and Figure 3) and above bay walls by plastic strips that hang vertically, and hol~o~llal plastic sheets, being suspended from the structural members supporting the building roof (See Figures 1 and 4). The vertical plastic strips overlap one another to greatly reduce the flow or cominglin~ of air between the zones above the composting material in each bay. The vertical plastic strips are flexible enough to permit the passage of e~ ll that periodically transfers the composting mqtPriql to adjac~nt bays. A~er passage of the compost transfer e~lu~p...~nl the plastic strips return to their original vertical,
The percentage of process air that may be recirculated within the composting structure will vary with each composting facility. Items to be considered include but are not necessarily hmited to the characteristics of the material to be composted, local temperature and relative humidity and will have to be determined on a case by case basis through actual operations.
The implem~ntation of the modified/improved composting/odor control system that is the subject of this patent application is further described and depicted in the attached three (3) drawings which are part of this patent application. The aEit~ted bay system for composting is completely enclosed within a building or structure, (See Figure 1) the individual bays are isolated or separated from one another by bay walls (See Figure 2 and Figure 3) and above bay walls by plastic strips that hang vertically, and hol~o~llal plastic sheets, being suspended from the structural members supporting the building roof (See Figures 1 and 4). The vertical plastic strips overlap one another to greatly reduce the flow or cominglin~ of air between the zones above the composting material in each bay. The vertical plastic strips are flexible enough to permit the passage of e~ ll that periodically transfers the composting mqtPriql to adjac~nt bays. A~er passage of the compost transfer e~lu~p...~nl the plastic strips return to their original vertical,
3 of 6 ~t1 43~0 ovellappi~g position. Plastic sheets are also suspended from the roof structural members to contain the process air. The partitinnin~ or enclosing of the zones above the composting bays essPntiq11y contains and isolates the volume of air which may contain noxious or offensive odors in each zone. Removal and recircn1qtion of the air from the zones with early stage composting mqtPriq1 and using it as the process air supply for the advanced or latter stages of composting taking place in the bays reduces the overall amount of air that will require extemal chemical scrubbing or some other form of processing to remove noxious or offensive odors, in the event such odors have been generated during the composting process. Recircn1qtion of process air, which usually has a high moisture content, through the composting mqtP.riq1 reduces the rate of drying of the composting mqtP.riq1 in the bottom of the composting bays and can enhance the composting process.
Air injected into the initial composting bays is withdrawn from the zones above the bays via ducts connected to vacuum blowers and then reinjected as the process air supply in bays contqining the more advanced or latter stage composting material. The air from the final composting bay(s) is then discharged or expelled to the atmosphere or passed through external air scrubbing e~ll~i~lll~,..l if noxious or offensive odors exist and must be removed. The reuse of air from the zones above the initially composting material uti1izes the advanced or later stage composting mqtPriql as a biof~lter. The net effect is a significant reduction in the volume of air that may require external biofiltr~qtion~ chemical scrubbing or other odor removal process..
The air recirculation and reuse process proposed in this patent apphcation can significantly reduce the amount of capital equip~ l and associated inctq11qtion costs, particularly in larger composting facilities. In adllition there could be: l) Reduced costs due to reduced q~1qntiti~s of chemicals that would be used in a chemical air scrubbing system; 2) Reduced power costs to operate the extPrnq1 air scrubbing system, and 3) R~d11ce~ operational and maintenance costs.
Air injected into the initial composting bays is withdrawn from the zones above the bays via ducts connected to vacuum blowers and then reinjected as the process air supply in bays contqining the more advanced or latter stage composting material. The air from the final composting bay(s) is then discharged or expelled to the atmosphere or passed through external air scrubbing e~ll~i~lll~,..l if noxious or offensive odors exist and must be removed. The reuse of air from the zones above the initially composting material uti1izes the advanced or later stage composting mqtPriql as a biof~lter. The net effect is a significant reduction in the volume of air that may require external biofiltr~qtion~ chemical scrubbing or other odor removal process..
The air recirculation and reuse process proposed in this patent apphcation can significantly reduce the amount of capital equip~ l and associated inctq11qtion costs, particularly in larger composting facilities. In adllition there could be: l) Reduced costs due to reduced q~1qntiti~s of chemicals that would be used in a chemical air scrubbing system; 2) Reduced power costs to operate the extPrnq1 air scrubbing system, and 3) R~d11ce~ operational and maintenance costs.
4 of 6 - ~114350 In the drawings which illustrate the embodiments of the invention, Figure 1 is aPerspective View of a typical ~gitqted Bay System Layout. (The number and ~im~n~ion~ of bays would vary for each facility.) The Plastic Air Segregation Strips would normally hang vertically from the structural roof supports and make contact with the top of the dividing walls between the bays containing the material to be composted. Fixed partitions or plastic sheets (if necessary) would be installed above the plastic strips to mqintqin the integrity of isolation of each area or zone above each bay. The e~luip~ l that would be used to transfer the composting mqt.ori~l from each bay to the next would proceed along each bay and its discharge chute would deflect the plastic strips as it passed, discharging the composting mqt~tiql into the adj ~c~nt bay permitting the plastic strips to return to their original vertical, ovellapp...g position. The plastic strips at the ends of the bays would extend to the floor to mqintqin the integrity of each zone associated with each bay, while still pern^:~ting the easy passage of the compost transfer e~ c~l.
Figure 2 and Figure 3 illustrates a typical Plan View and Section of an Agitated Bay Composting Facility.
Figure 4 illustrates the flow of fresh make-up air into the mqt~riql to be composted and the flow of air after passing through the composting mq~riql into the process air exhaust ducts which are connected to vacuum blowers. The exhaust duct system would be fitted with multi-dampers which could be operated in such a manner as to vary the volume of process air that could be recirculated into the bays cont~ining mqteriql in the more advanced or latter composting stages or expelled from the composting building or structure to the atmosphere or to an external air scrubbing system for noxious or offensive odor removal, if necessary.
Figure 2 and Figure 3 illustrates a typical Plan View and Section of an Agitated Bay Composting Facility.
Figure 4 illustrates the flow of fresh make-up air into the mqt~riql to be composted and the flow of air after passing through the composting mq~riql into the process air exhaust ducts which are connected to vacuum blowers. The exhaust duct system would be fitted with multi-dampers which could be operated in such a manner as to vary the volume of process air that could be recirculated into the bays cont~ining mqteriql in the more advanced or latter composting stages or expelled from the composting building or structure to the atmosphere or to an external air scrubbing system for noxious or offensive odor removal, if necessary.
5 of 6
Claims
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
Claim 1) A process for recirculating a variable amount of the air from a composting procedure back through the material being composted to reduce the amount of fresh make-up air required to carry out the composting process.
Claim 2) A process as defined in Claim 1, in which noxious or offensive odors generated during the composting process may be reduced or eliminated by recirculating and reusing the air from the early stages of the composting procedure through the material undergoing the more advanced or latter stages of composting, thereby providing the oxygen required for said advanced or latter stage composting, while concurrently using the composting material as a biofilter for the removal of noxious or offensive odors.
Claim 3) A process as claimed in Claim 2 whereby the volume of air expelled from the composting building or structure requiring odor removal (if odor removal is necessary) is reduced to a volume approximately equivalent to the amount of air introduced into the composting process as fresh make-up air, which would vary for each composting facility.
Claim 4) A process as claimed in Claim 1 whereby recirculating composting process air which usually has a high moisture content through the composting material can enhance the composting process.
###
6 of 6
Claim 1) A process for recirculating a variable amount of the air from a composting procedure back through the material being composted to reduce the amount of fresh make-up air required to carry out the composting process.
Claim 2) A process as defined in Claim 1, in which noxious or offensive odors generated during the composting process may be reduced or eliminated by recirculating and reusing the air from the early stages of the composting procedure through the material undergoing the more advanced or latter stages of composting, thereby providing the oxygen required for said advanced or latter stage composting, while concurrently using the composting material as a biofilter for the removal of noxious or offensive odors.
Claim 3) A process as claimed in Claim 2 whereby the volume of air expelled from the composting building or structure requiring odor removal (if odor removal is necessary) is reduced to a volume approximately equivalent to the amount of air introduced into the composting process as fresh make-up air, which would vary for each composting facility.
Claim 4) A process as claimed in Claim 1 whereby recirculating composting process air which usually has a high moisture content through the composting material can enhance the composting process.
###
6 of 6
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002114350A CA2114350A1 (en) | 1994-01-27 | 1994-01-27 | Compost process air recirculation and reuse |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002114350A CA2114350A1 (en) | 1994-01-27 | 1994-01-27 | Compost process air recirculation and reuse |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2114350A1 true CA2114350A1 (en) | 1995-07-28 |
Family
ID=4152803
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002114350A Abandoned CA2114350A1 (en) | 1994-01-27 | 1994-01-27 | Compost process air recirculation and reuse |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2114350A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000037393A1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-06-29 | C.S. Associated Pty. Ltd. | Animal body composting |
| WO2004029000A1 (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2004-04-08 | Cs Associated Pty Ltd | Apparatus and method for composting waste with recirculation of air and gaseous materials and collection of liquid |
| FR2936519A1 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2010-04-02 | Jean-Luc Sallustro | Device for treating organic wastes laid in two windrows by composting, comprises unit for recovery and isolation of windrows from external environment, unit for coupling and circulation of gas and liquid, and unit for dampening windrow |
-
1994
- 1994-01-27 CA CA002114350A patent/CA2114350A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000037393A1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-06-29 | C.S. Associated Pty. Ltd. | Animal body composting |
| US6703234B1 (en) | 1998-12-21 | 2004-03-09 | C S Associated Pty Ltd | Animal body composting |
| WO2004029000A1 (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2004-04-08 | Cs Associated Pty Ltd | Apparatus and method for composting waste with recirculation of air and gaseous materials and collection of liquid |
| GB2409451A (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2005-06-29 | Cs Associated Pty Ltd | Apparatus and method for composting waste with recirculation of air and gaseous materials and collection of liquid |
| GB2409451B (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2007-02-14 | Cs Associated Pty Ltd | Apparatus and method for composting of material |
| CN100349830C (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2007-11-21 | Cs联合有限公司 | Apparatus and method for composting waste with recirculation of air and gaseous materials and collection of liquid |
| FR2936519A1 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2010-04-02 | Jean-Luc Sallustro | Device for treating organic wastes laid in two windrows by composting, comprises unit for recovery and isolation of windrows from external environment, unit for coupling and circulation of gas and liquid, and unit for dampening windrow |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |