CA2095439C - Substance that stops any bleeding on contact for medical, surgical and dental uses - Google Patents

Abstract

There is disclosed a method for stopping bleeding and forming black blood coagulation on contact, comprising administering powdered L-threo-hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone thereof to a wound site in an amount of 0.1568 grams for every milliliter of blood. This includes cancer, liver disease and hemophiliac bleeding in patients or animals in whom the thrombocytopenia or coagulation factor disorders result. Accordingly, the said mechanism of action of powdered L-threo-hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone in the formation of blood coagulation on contact is the unique common pathway for all blood coagulations, which overturns the mechanisms of intrinsic and extrinsic pathways for blood coagulation cascade being the unique pathways for blood coagulation in which the coagulation factors 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 and platelet factor 3 are essential for the pathways.

Description

Patent Application No: 2,095,439 SUBSTITUTE SPECIFICATION

CROSS REFERENCE RELATED TO APPLICATION
This application is an international application for U.S.
application Serial No. 07/624,09~, filed 06 Decemher, 1990.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention pertains to the field of blood coagula- -tion, which is further related to evaluation of coagulation tests ; e. g. prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time and activa-ted partial thromboplastin time etc, and coagulation factor dis-orders. However, the blood coagulation mechanism of action of po-wdered L-Ascorbic acid which was administered topically does not fall into either intrinsic or extrinsic pathway cascade of blood coagulation scheme, since it works the same for blood coagulation in normal situation as in chronic hepatitis, colon cancer, and he-mophilia patients in whom the coagulation factors 1, 2, 5, 7, 9, and 10 and platelets in the liver disease and factor 8 or 9 in the hemophilia A or B are abnormal, or suppressed the syntheses, and destroyed and deficient ( Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th Edition, l991, Pages 181~-1315 ). In other words, powdered L-Ascorbic acid or L-threo-hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone stops any bleeding and forms hlack blood coagulation on contact, with the same amount of powdered ~-Ascorbic acid per unit volume of bl-ood for any normal or diseased blood.
The present methods available to stop bleeding in surgery are cautery, epinephrine injection, pressure and some fiber foam. The cautery can cause tissue necrosis in some cases. The epinephrine, pressure and fiber foam can not work for bleeding tendency pati-ents, and fiber foam can cause tissue hematoma, nor can they work for diffuse capillary bleeding and oozing, while powdered ascor-bic acid does not cause any tissue necrosis and work particularly well for diffuse capillary bleeding and oozing and any tradition-ary uncontrollable bleeding tendency patients such as for patients with liver diseases, hemophilia and rectal anal cancer and for po-stoperation bleeding tendency of the kinds of aforementioned pa-tients. The ascorbic acid can facilitate wound healing also ( Ora-1 Surg 1982 Mar: 53(3): 231-6 ) ky increasing type 1 procollagen CA 0209~439 1998-04-29 _~nRNA in the regulation of collagen synthesis ( Atherosclerosis 1982 Jan: 41(1): 15-9 ).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a method for stopping blee-ding, comprising administering powdered vitamin C thereof to the wound site caused by pathological changes, trauma or surgery, in an amount of 0.1568 grams for every milliliter of blood. Powdered 1-threo-hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone represents ascorbic acid powder.
This powder has a very potent coagulation action to stop bleeding when spraying topically on the bleeding area for any normal or diseased patients. When the powder comes in contact with the blood, the black tar like material is formed, and later becomes solid.
The amount of the powder that is needed to react completely with the blood is proportional to the amount of the blood that comes out of the blood vessels. In rats, one capillary, one venous and one femoral artery bleeding were stanched within one second, if sufficient amount of the powder of ascorbic acid were applied.
The artery bleeding needs much more this powder of interest. In the test tube conditions, it requires 0.1568 grams of powdered ~-Ascorbic acid or L-threo-hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone added to 1 ml of any normal or diseased human blood to turn the mixture black and, after 6 minutes, it does not move by shaking or pouring; this is the same for normal, colon cancer and hemophilia patients; 1 ml of normal blood needs 0,1568 grams of ascorbic acid powder, 1 ml of colon cancer needs 0.1568 grams of ascorbic acid powder, and 1 ml of hemophilia blood needs 0.1568 grams of ascorbic acid powder.
Sufficient powdered L-threo-hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone is particula-rly useful to stop bleeding in the case of diffuse capillary oo-zing and mistakenly cut off artery or arteries that can not be found during massive bleeding so as to save the patients's lives therefor. When vitamin C is absorbed into the system, it is good for health by making the leucocytes stronger and slowing the aging process etc, ( Patnaik and Kanungo 1964, Gerontologia, 10, 155 ).
However, at the end of operation before closure, the excessive black tar gel like material can be wiped away with Ringer's solu-tion.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

I CA 0209~439 1998-04-29 "l",,,~
The present invention is grounded on applicant's discovery that any bleeding, either normal or diseased blood, is stopped on con-tact, and is formed black blood coagulation, by administration to-pically of a composition comprising powdered vitamin C to the ble-eding sites even when contaminated with impurities, and excipients, in an amount of 0.1568 grams of powdered vitamin C for every mil-liliter of blood. A composition comprising powdered vitamin C is made by making vitamin C tablets into powder. A vitamin C tablets, of course, contains impurities, and excipients other than vitamin C. While the present method is particularly directed at treatment of bleeding in humans it finds the same application for veterinary use. As the liver is the site of syntheses of all coagulation fac-tors except 8, prior to the present invention, nothing has, to the best of my knowledge, been made to stop bleeding on contact, for the massive bleeding tendency patients afflicated with liver dise-ases, cancer or hemophilia. The treatment for hepatic coagulopathy and hemophilia is the replacement therapy for transfusion of fresh frozen plasma and factor 8 or 9 concentrates respectively, Lawrence M. Tierney, Jr., et al, Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment, 199~ rd Annual Revision, A58-~59, but that will not bleeding on time in a wound caused by trauma or surgery; some patients bled to death simply because of e~traction of teeth or tonsilectomy. As so-on as a composition comprising powdered vitamin C contacts with bl-ood, even in massive bleeding when an artery of a rat is cut off, the blach gel film like structure forms on the surface of the pond of blood, that stops the fluid of blood moving. If stirring the bl-ood to break through the surface film like structure that keeps fl-uid from moving when the powder is insufficient, it will bleed aga-in, but much slower than before pouring into the bleeding area;
adding sufficient powder into the blood, stirring makes the powder molecules well saturated with the hemoglobin and plasma protein mo-cules and thus forming the concentrated black sticky gel like stru-cture.
The invention is further illustrated in the following examples, none of which are to be construed as limiting the invention in any respect. The following example reports the results of an animal study and a clinical evidence of a composition or the present inve-ntion in the treatment of bleeding.

CA 0209~439 1998-04-29 Sufficient composition comprising powdered vitamin C stops massive bleeding of femoral artery on contact when femoral artery of a rat is cut off. In this case of artery bleeding, it is administered topically by pouring instead of spraying. Although the amount of the powder needed varies with rats, 0.1344 grams is usually suff-icient to stop bleeding within one second for the femoral artery of a rat. The black tar like material is formed in one second as soon as the powder contacts with the blood. When sufficient amount of powdered vitamin C is present, stirring make more blood molecu-les interact with ascorbic acid molecules so as to form more con-centrated and sticky black gel like coagulation. After 5-6 minutes, when most of the sticky tar like structure is wiped away, it appe-ars there is no bleeding at all.

In the case of capillary bleeding in which one capillary is cut off, about 0.0112 grams of this powder stops the bleeding on contact.
After 1 minute count from adding the powder, it appears there is no more bleeding at all in a rat.

While in the case of one vein cut off in a rat, it needs about 0.
0224 grams of the powder to stop bleeding on contact, ~bout 1 1/2 minutes after the black coagulation is wiped away, it appears the-re is no more bleeding.

The nostril of a rat is cut slightly to bleed, the bleeding stops on contact when applying 0.00~7 grams of this powder to the blee-ding nostril.

After injection of histamin into the rat, it induces secretion of gastric acid, applying the powder topically to the bleeding area, the black coagulation formed, but slower than normal, since the secretion dilutes the black coagulation. Thus this powder can tre-at the gastric ulcer bleeding when ingested orally.

CLINICAL EVIDENCE EX~MPLE 6 ~' CA 0209~439 1998-04-29 4 Scalp Tumor Excision Age 32, male, scalp tumor excision, massive bleeding when the tu-mor is excised. Sufficient spraying this powder to the bleeding area, the bleeding stops on contact, after the coagulation is wa-shed away, it is closed by suture.

A-V Fistula Plasty Ase 40, female, acute renal failure, A-V fistula formation opera-tion, massive bleeding. The operation of stopping bleeding consi-sts of combing the powder with pressing with gauzes. When admini-stering this powder to the bleeding area, those that look black in color indicate the black coagulation, while those that are white are the powder that does not get mixed up with the blood yet. At the end of the operation, most of black blood coagulation is wi-ped out with 4x4 gauze, and rinsed with Ringer's solution. It tak-es totally 5 minutes to stop bleeding completely, as the surgeon kept wiping away the coagulation. The patient's conditions are particularly well, better than without using this powder.

Skin Contracture Excision Age 40, male, skin contracture on the palm, which needs to be re-moved, and it requires skin graft. When the skin graft is removed from the hand, massive bleeding occurs. On applying sufficient pow-der to the bleeding area topically, it appears black coagulation on contact. Bleeding stops at the same time as the black coagula-tion forms. Those that appears white indicate the powder not yet get mixed up with the blood. Those that appears more black area indicate the more powder mixed up with the blood. Suture going on.

Paraanal Abscess Excision Age 70, female, paraanal excision, bleeding when it is opened up.
When spraying the powder to the bleeding area, it stops bleeding by forming black blood coagulation on contact. Those that appears white are the powder that are not mixed up with the blood. Suture going on.

[ CA 0209~439 1998-04-29 .

Paraanal Abscess Excision Age 50, male, paraanal abscess excision, massive bleeding when it is opened. On spraying the powder topically to the bleeding area, the black color is formed on contact because of the blood coagula-tion. The white color is the powder instantly not mixed up with the blood yet. Lastly, insert the long gauze into the anus.

Extraction of Teeth Age 30, male, extraction of teeth, gum injected bleeds. Administ-ering this powder topically to the bleeding area, the bleeding sto-ps on contact and black blood coagulation forms at the same time.
Wipe out the black coagulation in 10 seconds, stopped bleeding still persisted.

Extraction of Teeth for Chronic Hepatitis Age 60, female, chronic hepatitis, has bleeding tendency, extrac-tion of teeth causes massive bleeding. Upon applying this powder to the socket of the gum, the black coagulation forms on contact, and the bleeding in the socket stops on contact accordingly.

Finger Scratched Myself, finger little scratched, slightly bleeds. Upon contact with the powder, the black color forms on contact.

Normal, Liver Disease, Colon Cancer and Hemophilia Blood When tested in the tube, 1 milliliter of human blood requires 0.15 68 grams of powdered vitamin C to form black blood coagulation by shaking the tube with hand or stirrer machine. It takes 6 minutes to cause the black blood coagulation unmobile in the test tube for normal, liver diseases, colon cancer and hemophilia blood respec-tively. These experiments have evidenced that the mechanism of action of powdered vitamin C in the formation of black blood coa-gulation does not involve the coagulation factors.

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~ CA 0209~439 1998-04-29

Claims (5)

I claim:

1. A therapeutic instant blood coagulant composition which comprises:
(a) ascorbic acid, or L-threo-hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone, or vitamin C, and mixtures thereof;
(b) excipients.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the ascorbic acid, or L-threo-hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone, or vitamin C, and excipients are in a powdered form.

3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the ascorbic acid, or L-threo-hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone, or vitamin C, and excipients are in an aqueous form.

4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the ascorbic acid, or L-threo-hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone, or vitamin C, and excipients are in a tablet form.

5. The composition according to claim 1, wherein sodium ascorbate is considered vitamin C.