CA2092941C - Coin blank - Google Patents
Coin blank Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2092941C CA2092941C CA002092941A CA2092941A CA2092941C CA 2092941 C CA2092941 C CA 2092941C CA 002092941 A CA002092941 A CA 002092941A CA 2092941 A CA2092941 A CA 2092941A CA 2092941 C CA2092941 C CA 2092941C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- inner disc
- outer ring
- blank
- steel
- depressions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
- B44B5/00—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins
- B44B5/008—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins in layered material; connecting a plurality of layers by embossing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K25/00—Uniting components to form integral members, e.g. turbine wheels and shafts, caulks with inserts, with or without shaping of the components
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
- A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
- A44C21/00—Coins; Emergency money; Beer or gambling coins or tokens, or the like
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F1/00—Coin inlet arrangements; Coins specially adapted to operate coin-freed mechanisms
- G07F1/06—Coins specially adapted to operate coin-freed mechanisms
Landscapes
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Testing Of Coins (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
- Purses, Travelling Bags, Baskets, Or Suitcases (AREA)
- Pinball Game Machines (AREA)
- Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
- Details Of Garments (AREA)
- Telephone Function (AREA)
- Beverage Vending Machines With Cups, And Gas Or Electricity Vending Machines (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a two-part blank for coins, medals, tokens, gambling chips and the like, comprising an inner disc of a first metal or a metal alloy, which is pressed into the central opening of an outer ring of a second metal or a second metal alloy, the outer edge (4) of tha disc (1) being formal with obliquely extending depressions (5).
Description
a coiN Br~xR
The invention relates to a two-part blank for coins, medals, tokens, gambling chips and the like, comprising an inner disc of a first metal or a metal alloy, which is pressed into the central opening of an outer ring of a second metal or a second metal alloy.
In the past, coins have mainly been produced from one solid piece of metal of uniform composition. Coins are also produced from different metals and metal alloys. These are mainly laminated materials such as are produced, for example, by the roll-bonding of a steel core with a brass layer on both sides. In the more recent past the production of coins has increasingly.also used laminated materials consisting of an inner disc of one metal, which is enclosed by an outer ring of another metal or of another metal alloy. For example, the Italian 500 Lira coin consists of an inner disc of a gold-coloured copper alloy. An outer rim of a silver-grey chromium steel having a bluish lustre is pressed concentrically around said inner disc. The production of the components of such a concentric laminated material requires special attention in view of the present-day technology of high-speed coining machines by means of which these composite materials can be produced even in large numbers at a justifiable expense. Special steps are therefore needed to achieve a satisfactory adhesive bond between the inner disc and the outer ring during coining.
US-A- 3 499 739 suggests that the outer ring should be made somewhat thicker than the inner disc. The intention is that 2 - 2092q 1 during the coining operation the outer rim should be pressed o~e~
the edges of the inner disc, to achieve a positive bonding between the disc and the ring. JP-A- 58-3743 suggests that the inner disc or alternatively the outer ring should be formed with a circularly extending edge groove. For assembly the two components are placed in one another, whereafter material of the inner disc is pressed into the groove in the outer ring, or vice versa, using a special tool.
EPA-A-0 080 437 discloses a construction in which the inner edge of the outer ring is wedge-shaped, the inner disc being formed with an edge bead. During the coining operation, material can then flow from said bead over the tapered inner edge of the outer ring. At the same time, the inner edge of the outer ring is formed with a number of projecting teeth which are forced into the inner disc during coining. This na~kes it impossible for the outer ring and inner disc to rotate in relation to one another after coining.
EP-A- 0 160 343 takes up this idea, using a very similarly shaped outer rim. In the case of the coin known from EP-A- 0 280 615, a ball is introduced into the outer ring, the ball then being plastically reshaped to form the inner disc. According to EP-A-0 415 892 the inner edge of the outer ring is formed with an interrupted peripheral groove into which material of the inner disc then flows during the coining operation.
While the teaching of US-A- 3 499 739 has proved to be inadequate for practical application, and the teaching of the aforementioned X09294. 1..
The invention relates to a two-part blank for coins, medals, tokens, gambling chips and the like, comprising an inner disc of a first metal or a metal alloy, which is pressed into the central opening of an outer ring of a second metal or a second metal alloy.
In the past, coins have mainly been produced from one solid piece of metal of uniform composition. Coins are also produced from different metals and metal alloys. These are mainly laminated materials such as are produced, for example, by the roll-bonding of a steel core with a brass layer on both sides. In the more recent past the production of coins has increasingly.also used laminated materials consisting of an inner disc of one metal, which is enclosed by an outer ring of another metal or of another metal alloy. For example, the Italian 500 Lira coin consists of an inner disc of a gold-coloured copper alloy. An outer rim of a silver-grey chromium steel having a bluish lustre is pressed concentrically around said inner disc. The production of the components of such a concentric laminated material requires special attention in view of the present-day technology of high-speed coining machines by means of which these composite materials can be produced even in large numbers at a justifiable expense. Special steps are therefore needed to achieve a satisfactory adhesive bond between the inner disc and the outer ring during coining.
US-A- 3 499 739 suggests that the outer ring should be made somewhat thicker than the inner disc. The intention is that 2 - 2092q 1 during the coining operation the outer rim should be pressed o~e~
the edges of the inner disc, to achieve a positive bonding between the disc and the ring. JP-A- 58-3743 suggests that the inner disc or alternatively the outer ring should be formed with a circularly extending edge groove. For assembly the two components are placed in one another, whereafter material of the inner disc is pressed into the groove in the outer ring, or vice versa, using a special tool.
EPA-A-0 080 437 discloses a construction in which the inner edge of the outer ring is wedge-shaped, the inner disc being formed with an edge bead. During the coining operation, material can then flow from said bead over the tapered inner edge of the outer ring. At the same time, the inner edge of the outer ring is formed with a number of projecting teeth which are forced into the inner disc during coining. This na~kes it impossible for the outer ring and inner disc to rotate in relation to one another after coining.
EP-A- 0 160 343 takes up this idea, using a very similarly shaped outer rim. In the case of the coin known from EP-A- 0 280 615, a ball is introduced into the outer ring, the ball then being plastically reshaped to form the inner disc. According to EP-A-0 415 892 the inner edge of the outer ring is formed with an interrupted peripheral groove into which material of the inner disc then flows during the coining operation.
While the teaching of US-A- 3 499 739 has proved to be inadequate for practical application, and the teaching of the aforementioned X09294. 1..
JP-A requires a special tool for assembly, the teachings of EP-A 0 080 437, 0 160 343 and 0 415 892 have the disadvantage that the inner side of the outer ring must be given a complicated geometrical shape.
It has now been surprisingly found that any rotation of the two parts and the dropping of the inner disc out of the outer ring following coining is reliably prevented by a suitable shaping, which can be simply performed, of the outer edge of the inner disc. To this end it is enough to form the outer edge of the inner disc with depressions arranged directed obliquely in relation to one another. The depressions can also take the form of a winding groove. As a result, the material of the outer part is prevented from flowing into the depressions of the inner part.
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention there is provided a two-part blank for use as a coin or token comprising: (a) an outer ring of a first material having a central opening; and (b) an inner disc of a second material having an outer edge, said inner disc being insertable into the central opening of the outer ring, said outer edge of the inner disc having a plurality of depressions positioned obliquely relative to a vertical axis of the inner disc.
B
~0929~ 1 - 3a -According to a further feature of the invention, the outer ring and the inner disc of the concentric composite material forming the coin have very different electric conductivities.
This is best achieved by using for the part of good electric conductivity a copper coin material having a specific electric resistance of 25 ~f2.cm at the most. A chromium steel or a chromium magnetic steel having a specific electric resistance of at least 70 ~,S2.cm should be selected for the part having poor electric conductivity. The part having poorer electric conductivity can also be a laminate of layers of ferritic and austenitic steel. As a result, the following is achieved:
The present-day electronic coin testing apparatuses make different use of the principle of electromagnetic interaction A
: ' ' 2092941 between electromagnetic fields of different frequency and the metals of the coin. As the coins are passing through the coil systems of coin testing apparatuses, the coins can deliver characteristic double signals if the outer ring of the laminated material is the part of considerably better conductivity, or alternatively a single of characteristic curved shape is delivered if a part of considerably better conductivity forms the inner disc.
The invention will be explained with reference to the drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the outer ring of the coin in perspective, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one construction of the inner disc, and Fig. 3 shows an embodiment which is a variant of that shown in Fig. 2.
A coin comprises an outer ring 2 (Fig. 1) formed with a central opening whose outline so corresponds to that of the inner disc 1 (Figs. 2 or 3) that the inner disc 1 is non-positively connected to the outer ring 2 by being pressed into the central opening thereof .
To improve the cohesion of the two parts 1, 2, according to the invention the outer edge 4 of the inner disc 1 (Fig. 2) is formed with a number of oblique depressions 5. In the embodiment a illustrated in Fig. 3 the depressions are combined into a winding groove 5a extending a~'c~u~td the outer edge 4 of the inner disc 1.
When the parts 1, 2 are compressed, material flows into the recesses 5, 5a, thus producing a positive connection of the parts 1, 2 in addition to a non-positive connection.
Due to the oblique position of the depressions 5, 5a according to the invention the flowing in of the material during the compression of the two parts 1, 2 is appreciably facilitated, since the depressions 5, 5a become gradually filled with the material of the other part, in which there are no depressions.
It has now been surprisingly found that any rotation of the two parts and the dropping of the inner disc out of the outer ring following coining is reliably prevented by a suitable shaping, which can be simply performed, of the outer edge of the inner disc. To this end it is enough to form the outer edge of the inner disc with depressions arranged directed obliquely in relation to one another. The depressions can also take the form of a winding groove. As a result, the material of the outer part is prevented from flowing into the depressions of the inner part.
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention there is provided a two-part blank for use as a coin or token comprising: (a) an outer ring of a first material having a central opening; and (b) an inner disc of a second material having an outer edge, said inner disc being insertable into the central opening of the outer ring, said outer edge of the inner disc having a plurality of depressions positioned obliquely relative to a vertical axis of the inner disc.
B
~0929~ 1 - 3a -According to a further feature of the invention, the outer ring and the inner disc of the concentric composite material forming the coin have very different electric conductivities.
This is best achieved by using for the part of good electric conductivity a copper coin material having a specific electric resistance of 25 ~f2.cm at the most. A chromium steel or a chromium magnetic steel having a specific electric resistance of at least 70 ~,S2.cm should be selected for the part having poor electric conductivity. The part having poorer electric conductivity can also be a laminate of layers of ferritic and austenitic steel. As a result, the following is achieved:
The present-day electronic coin testing apparatuses make different use of the principle of electromagnetic interaction A
: ' ' 2092941 between electromagnetic fields of different frequency and the metals of the coin. As the coins are passing through the coil systems of coin testing apparatuses, the coins can deliver characteristic double signals if the outer ring of the laminated material is the part of considerably better conductivity, or alternatively a single of characteristic curved shape is delivered if a part of considerably better conductivity forms the inner disc.
The invention will be explained with reference to the drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the outer ring of the coin in perspective, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one construction of the inner disc, and Fig. 3 shows an embodiment which is a variant of that shown in Fig. 2.
A coin comprises an outer ring 2 (Fig. 1) formed with a central opening whose outline so corresponds to that of the inner disc 1 (Figs. 2 or 3) that the inner disc 1 is non-positively connected to the outer ring 2 by being pressed into the central opening thereof .
To improve the cohesion of the two parts 1, 2, according to the invention the outer edge 4 of the inner disc 1 (Fig. 2) is formed with a number of oblique depressions 5. In the embodiment a illustrated in Fig. 3 the depressions are combined into a winding groove 5a extending a~'c~u~td the outer edge 4 of the inner disc 1.
When the parts 1, 2 are compressed, material flows into the recesses 5, 5a, thus producing a positive connection of the parts 1, 2 in addition to a non-positive connection.
Due to the oblique position of the depressions 5, 5a according to the invention the flowing in of the material during the compression of the two parts 1, 2 is appreciably facilitated, since the depressions 5, 5a become gradually filled with the material of the other part, in which there are no depressions.
Claims (10)
1. A two-part blank for use as a coin or token comprising:
(a) an outer ring of a first material having a central opening; and (b) an inner disc of a second material having an outer edge, said inner disc being insertable into the central opening of the outer ring, said outer edge of the inner disc having a plurality of depressions positioned obliquely relative to a vertical axis of the inner disc.
(a) an outer ring of a first material having a central opening; and (b) an inner disc of a second material having an outer edge, said inner disc being insertable into the central opening of the outer ring, said outer edge of the inner disc having a plurality of depressions positioned obliquely relative to a vertical axis of the inner disc.
2. The blank of claim 1, wherein the depressions are directed obliquely in relation to one another.
3. The blank of claim 1, wherein the depressions include a series of oblique depressions interconnected at their ends to form a continuous groove along a substantial portion of the outer edge of the inner disc.
4. The blank of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the first material of the outer ring and the second material of the inner disc are metal.
5. The blank of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the first material of the outer ring and the second material of the inner disc are metal alloy.
6. The blank of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the first material of the outer ring and the second material of the inner disc are metal and differ in specific electrical resistance by at least 45 µ.OMEGA..cm.
7. The blank of claim 6, wherein the first material of the outer ring includes a portion of low electric conductivity relative to the second material of the inner disc.
8. The blank of claim 7, wherein the portion of low electric conductivity of the first material of the outer ring includes a material selected from the group consisting of: chromium steel, chromium/nickel steel, and a laminate of an austenitic steel and a ferritic rustproof steel.
9. The blank of claim 6, wherein the second material of the inner disc includes a portion of low electric conductivity relative to the first material of the outer ring.
10. The blank of claim 9, wherein the portion of low electric conductivity of the second material of the inner disc includes a material selected from the group consisting of: chromium steel, chromium/nickel steel, and a laminate of an austenitic steel and a ferritic rustproof steel.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92105706A EP0564667B1 (en) | 1992-04-02 | 1992-04-02 | Bimetallic coin blank |
| EP92105706.3 | 1992-04-02 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2092941A1 CA2092941A1 (en) | 1993-10-03 |
| CA2092941C true CA2092941C (en) | 2000-01-25 |
Family
ID=8209502
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002092941A Expired - Fee Related CA2092941C (en) | 1992-04-02 | 1993-03-30 | Coin blank |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0564667B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2609503B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100226243B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE128913T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU671980B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9301381A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2092941C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ283669B6 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59204003D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0564667T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2080977T3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI101360B (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3018018T3 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL105194A (en) |
| MA (1) | MA22850A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9301785A (en) |
| SK (1) | SK280980B6 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW283103B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA932099B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2608290C2 (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2017-01-17 | Канадский Королевский Монетный Двор | Composite element, for example coin |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4432093C2 (en) * | 1994-09-09 | 1997-04-30 | Krupp Vdm Gmbh | Blank for coins or medals |
| DE10044669A1 (en) * | 2000-09-09 | 2002-04-04 | Schuler Held Lasertechnik Gmbh | Process for producing multi-part coins |
| NL1021301C2 (en) * | 2002-08-19 | 2004-03-01 | Konink Nl Munt N V | Method for manufacturing coins or tokens and coins or tokens thus obtained. |
| ES2294882B1 (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2009-02-16 | Compañia Europea De Cospeles, S.A. | PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF COSPELES AND COSPEL OBTAINED. |
| JP4684910B2 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2011-05-18 | 独立行政法人 造幣局 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing coin-shaped product having slanted serrations |
| KR100939323B1 (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-01-28 | (주)금호글로벌 | Manufacturing method for medal |
| FI123842B (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2013-11-15 | Mint Of Finland Ltd | coin structure |
| CN102813347B (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2015-06-24 | 深圳市百泰珠宝首饰有限公司 | Method for manufacturing gold jewellery |
| CN103395326B (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2015-11-25 | 郝晓婷 | A kind of label flow forming process made of paper |
| SG11202008631VA (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2020-10-29 | Monnaie Royale Canadienne/Royal Canadian Mint | Composite structure with separator for coins and the like |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1334051A (en) * | 1919-02-17 | 1920-03-16 | Orton L Prime | Method of forming composite metal plugs |
| GB413829A (en) * | 1933-04-19 | 1934-07-26 | Renold & Coventry Chain Compan | Improvements relating to the securing of cylindrical bodies in holes or sockets |
| US3499739A (en) * | 1966-04-27 | 1970-03-10 | Franklin Mint Inc | Bimetallic token with annular ring having different permeability than inner portion |
| US3697237A (en) * | 1970-12-29 | 1972-10-10 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Composite metal coin |
| US3992938A (en) * | 1975-11-20 | 1976-11-23 | Miller Leo C | Device for comparative testing of the metallic content of coins or the like |
| JPS583743A (en) * | 1981-07-01 | 1983-01-10 | Hitachi Ltd | Manufacture of coin and medal |
| IT1173945B (en) * | 1984-05-02 | 1987-06-24 | Nuova Sias Soc Italiana Acciai | MACHINE FOR THE REALIZATION, FROM METAL ROUND, OF EXTERNAL RINGS FOR COINS OR BIMETALLIC MEDALS |
| US4643781A (en) * | 1985-05-10 | 1987-02-17 | Tocco, Inc. | Method of heat treating valve inserts |
| FR2621506B1 (en) * | 1987-10-12 | 1992-07-17 | Admin Monnaies Medailles | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BIMETALLIC MONETARY COINS |
| DE3817657A1 (en) * | 1988-05-25 | 1989-12-07 | Vdm Nickel Tech | LAYER COMPOSITE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COINS |
-
1992
- 1992-04-02 ES ES92105706T patent/ES2080977T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-04-02 AT AT92105706T patent/ATE128913T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-04-02 DK DK92105706.3T patent/DK0564667T3/en active
- 1992-04-02 EP EP92105706A patent/EP0564667B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-04-02 DE DE59204003T patent/DE59204003D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-03-24 ZA ZA932099A patent/ZA932099B/en unknown
- 1993-03-26 AU AU35536/93A patent/AU671980B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-03-29 IL IL10519493A patent/IL105194A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-30 TW TW082102360A patent/TW283103B/zh active
- 1993-03-30 MX MX9301785A patent/MX9301785A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-03-30 CA CA002092941A patent/CA2092941C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-03-30 KR KR1019930005111A patent/KR100226243B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-31 MA MA23145A patent/MA22850A1/en unknown
- 1993-03-31 BR BR9301381A patent/BR9301381A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-04-01 CZ CZ93554A patent/CZ283669B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-04-01 FI FI931484A patent/FI101360B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-04-01 JP JP5075811A patent/JP2609503B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-04-05 SK SK284-93A patent/SK280980B6/en unknown
-
1995
- 1995-11-08 GR GR950403131T patent/GR3018018T3/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2608290C2 (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2017-01-17 | Канадский Королевский Монетный Двор | Composite element, for example coin |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59204003D1 (en) | 1995-11-16 |
| MA22850A1 (en) | 1993-10-01 |
| IL105194A (en) | 1995-12-08 |
| AU671980B2 (en) | 1996-09-19 |
| TW283103B (en) | 1996-08-11 |
| FI931484A (en) | 1993-10-03 |
| ZA932099B (en) | 1993-10-13 |
| GR3018018T3 (en) | 1996-02-29 |
| FI101360B1 (en) | 1998-06-15 |
| MX9301785A (en) | 1994-01-31 |
| KR930021285A (en) | 1993-11-22 |
| EP0564667A1 (en) | 1993-10-13 |
| FI931484A0 (en) | 1993-04-01 |
| CZ55493A3 (en) | 1994-07-13 |
| SK280980B6 (en) | 2000-10-09 |
| CA2092941A1 (en) | 1993-10-03 |
| JP2609503B2 (en) | 1997-05-14 |
| BR9301381A (en) | 1993-10-13 |
| FI101360B (en) | 1998-06-15 |
| EP0564667B1 (en) | 1995-10-11 |
| DK0564667T3 (en) | 1995-12-04 |
| CZ283669B6 (en) | 1998-05-13 |
| ES2080977T3 (en) | 1996-02-16 |
| SK28493A3 (en) | 1993-11-10 |
| JPH07216A (en) | 1995-01-06 |
| IL105194A0 (en) | 1993-07-08 |
| AU3553693A (en) | 1993-10-07 |
| KR100226243B1 (en) | 1999-10-15 |
| ATE128913T1 (en) | 1995-10-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |