CA2076522A1 - Apparatus for producing mineral wool from silicate raw materials, in particular basalt by blast drawing - Google Patents
Apparatus for producing mineral wool from silicate raw materials, in particular basalt by blast drawingInfo
- Publication number
- CA2076522A1 CA2076522A1 CA 2076522 CA2076522A CA2076522A1 CA 2076522 A1 CA2076522 A1 CA 2076522A1 CA 2076522 CA2076522 CA 2076522 CA 2076522 A CA2076522 A CA 2076522A CA 2076522 A1 CA2076522 A1 CA 2076522A1
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- blast
- mineral wool
- nozzle
- blast nozzle
- blow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/06—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by blasting or blowing molten glass, e.g. for making staple fibres
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Gr?nzweig + Hartmann AG
6700 Ludwigshafen, DE
Abstract 1. Apparatus for producing mineral wool from silicate raw materials, in particular basalt, by blast drawing.
2.1. The object of the invention is to make available an apparatus for the production of mineral wool which, without any reduction in the quality of the mineral wool, facilitates a higher output, i.e. a higher level of productivity.
2.2. In the production of mineral wool from silicate raw materials, an apparatus is employed having a melting tank and at least one distributor tank (5) fed therefrom, said distributor tank (5) having exit orifices (6) for primary filaments of melt (1), and, arranged below the exit orifices (6), a blast nozzle unit (8) with a flat upper part (30), a chute (16), and, arranged at the bottom of the chute (16), an accumulating conveyor (3) for deposition and transportation of the mineral wool produced. A cooling arrangement (37) is provided for cooling the blast nozzle unit (8). Moreover, the air guide lips (28) of the blast nozzle unit (8) are designed such that they are flush with the nozzle slot walls (26).
2.3. Production of mineral wool from basalt.
3. Fig. 3
6700 Ludwigshafen, DE
Abstract 1. Apparatus for producing mineral wool from silicate raw materials, in particular basalt, by blast drawing.
2.1. The object of the invention is to make available an apparatus for the production of mineral wool which, without any reduction in the quality of the mineral wool, facilitates a higher output, i.e. a higher level of productivity.
2.2. In the production of mineral wool from silicate raw materials, an apparatus is employed having a melting tank and at least one distributor tank (5) fed therefrom, said distributor tank (5) having exit orifices (6) for primary filaments of melt (1), and, arranged below the exit orifices (6), a blast nozzle unit (8) with a flat upper part (30), a chute (16), and, arranged at the bottom of the chute (16), an accumulating conveyor (3) for deposition and transportation of the mineral wool produced. A cooling arrangement (37) is provided for cooling the blast nozzle unit (8). Moreover, the air guide lips (28) of the blast nozzle unit (8) are designed such that they are flush with the nozzle slot walls (26).
2.3. Production of mineral wool from basalt.
3. Fig. 3
Description
2~7~2~
Grunzweig + Hartmann AG P 858 6700 Ludwigshafen, DE
Apparatus for producing mineral wool from silicate raw materials, in particular basalt by blast drawing The invention relates to an apparatus for producing mineral wool from silicate raw materials, in particular basalt, by blast drawing, in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
In the case of such an apparatus, the intention is generally to produce particularly fine and long mineral fibres in which the content of undrawn residues, so-called beads, is as small as possible. For this purpose, the slot between the two blast nozzle halves which forms a fiberisation duct is constructed to be as narrow as is compatible with the formation of the necessary flow profile in the duct for drawing out and stretching the fibres. It has been found that widening the slot, as for example when thicker primary filaments are used with the intention of increasing the output, rapidly leads to an increase in the bead content, which is attributable to an increased area of reduced drawing forces in the region of the symmetry plane of the blast nozzle arrangement. It has also been found that, at high temperatures (around 1400 C) of the primary filament, preferentially short but fine filaments having a thickness of a few ~m are formed at the exit orifices from the distributor tank, while at lower temperatures (around 1330 C), the filaments obtained tend to be longer and thicker, while exhibiting, however, a markedly higher bead content. Furthermore, when the melt temperature is lowered, the output, i.e. productivity, inevitably falls due to the reduced (as a consequence of the higher viscosity) outflow rate of the melt from the exit 2076~22 orifices. These interrelationships are described, for example, in published German patent application DE-OS 35 0~ 426.
In the case of previously known apparatus, applying a narrower design to the slot between the two blast nozzle halves is subjected to certain limitations. The minimum possible gap width is initially limited by the geometry of the blow-in slit at the top of the blast nozzle unit, with the air guide lips which overlap the blow-in slits and generally protrude into the nozzle slot limiting the degree to which the width of the gap can be reduced.
Moreover, with a very narrow slot between the two blast nozzle halves, it has been revealed that the flanks of the blast nozzle halves have more frequent contact with filament and, for this reason, undergo more intensive heating (approx. 180 C at a point 1 mm below the surface of the blast nozzle flanks). If the flanks of the blast nozzle arrangement undergo excessive heating, melt filaments may adhere to the flanks. The melt, moreover, exhibits an undesirable tendency to extend, i.e. the fluid fibre material adhering to the walls of the blast nozzle arrangement spreads out even further over the surface of the walls of the blast nozzle arrangement, a phenomenon which, as further melt material is deposited in the area, can eventually lead to the pneumatic transport of material in the fiberisation duct being completely hindered, thus rendering proper fiberisation no longer possible.
Moreover, the flow processes at the exit of the distributor tank have a certain influence on the productivity of high-quality mineral wool. In what is customary fashion per se, the liquid primary filament emerging from the distributor tank is sucked down by gases flowing into the nozzle slot from above. As a result of the injector action of the blown-in propellant gas in this process, secondary air together with combustion gases are entrained from the sides out of cavities laterally arranged next to the distributor tank. In order to achieve turbulence-free . . . .
Grunzweig + Hartmann AG P 858 6700 Ludwigshafen, DE
Apparatus for producing mineral wool from silicate raw materials, in particular basalt by blast drawing The invention relates to an apparatus for producing mineral wool from silicate raw materials, in particular basalt, by blast drawing, in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
In the case of such an apparatus, the intention is generally to produce particularly fine and long mineral fibres in which the content of undrawn residues, so-called beads, is as small as possible. For this purpose, the slot between the two blast nozzle halves which forms a fiberisation duct is constructed to be as narrow as is compatible with the formation of the necessary flow profile in the duct for drawing out and stretching the fibres. It has been found that widening the slot, as for example when thicker primary filaments are used with the intention of increasing the output, rapidly leads to an increase in the bead content, which is attributable to an increased area of reduced drawing forces in the region of the symmetry plane of the blast nozzle arrangement. It has also been found that, at high temperatures (around 1400 C) of the primary filament, preferentially short but fine filaments having a thickness of a few ~m are formed at the exit orifices from the distributor tank, while at lower temperatures (around 1330 C), the filaments obtained tend to be longer and thicker, while exhibiting, however, a markedly higher bead content. Furthermore, when the melt temperature is lowered, the output, i.e. productivity, inevitably falls due to the reduced (as a consequence of the higher viscosity) outflow rate of the melt from the exit 2076~22 orifices. These interrelationships are described, for example, in published German patent application DE-OS 35 0~ 426.
In the case of previously known apparatus, applying a narrower design to the slot between the two blast nozzle halves is subjected to certain limitations. The minimum possible gap width is initially limited by the geometry of the blow-in slit at the top of the blast nozzle unit, with the air guide lips which overlap the blow-in slits and generally protrude into the nozzle slot limiting the degree to which the width of the gap can be reduced.
Moreover, with a very narrow slot between the two blast nozzle halves, it has been revealed that the flanks of the blast nozzle halves have more frequent contact with filament and, for this reason, undergo more intensive heating (approx. 180 C at a point 1 mm below the surface of the blast nozzle flanks). If the flanks of the blast nozzle arrangement undergo excessive heating, melt filaments may adhere to the flanks. The melt, moreover, exhibits an undesirable tendency to extend, i.e. the fluid fibre material adhering to the walls of the blast nozzle arrangement spreads out even further over the surface of the walls of the blast nozzle arrangement, a phenomenon which, as further melt material is deposited in the area, can eventually lead to the pneumatic transport of material in the fiberisation duct being completely hindered, thus rendering proper fiberisation no longer possible.
Moreover, the flow processes at the exit of the distributor tank have a certain influence on the productivity of high-quality mineral wool. In what is customary fashion per se, the liquid primary filament emerging from the distributor tank is sucked down by gases flowing into the nozzle slot from above. As a result of the injector action of the blown-in propellant gas in this process, secondary air together with combustion gases are entrained from the sides out of cavities laterally arranged next to the distributor tank. In order to achieve turbulence-free . . . .
3 2076~2~
guidance of the sucked-in secondary air flow, the top of the nozzle slot exhibits a rounding which blends into the air guide lip. Owing to this rounding, which takes up a certain amount of vertical height, the smallest possible distance between the exit orifices of the distributor tank and the blow-in slits of the blast nozzle unit is predetermined. Thus, the pre~drawing effect on the melt filaments provided by virtue of the entrainment of combustion gases and secondary air is likewise limited.
In contrast, it is the object of the invention to provide an apparatus for producing mineral wool which enables mineral wool to be produced at a higher output rate, i.e. at a higher level of productivity, without reductions in quality.
This object is achieved by means of the characterising features of claim 1.
According to the invention, a cooling device for cooling the surfaces of the blast nozzle unit facing inward into the nozzle slot are firstly cooled in order to prevent undesirable spreading of fibre material adhering to the wall of the blast nozzle arrangement, and thus a disruption to the fiberisation processes.
It has been revealed that, by cooling the surface of the fib~risation duct, the filament material coming into contact with the cold surface is suddenly quenched and tends to assume as small a contact interface with the wall of the fiberisation duct as possible. As a result of this, adhesion of melt filaments can be completely avoided. By this measure alone, therefore, the gap between the two blast nozzle halves can be further reduced, in spite of the accompanying increase in probability of filament contact, which per se is undesirable. In order to reach the lower limit of the smallest possible gap width of the nozzle slot, but without jeopardising optimum fiberisation and the accompanying high level of quality of the mineral wool, the blow-in slits are covered toward the middle of the nozzle slot by an air guide lip for each surface of the blast nozzle unit facing the nozzle slot, said air guide lip providing a flush covering .
guidance of the sucked-in secondary air flow, the top of the nozzle slot exhibits a rounding which blends into the air guide lip. Owing to this rounding, which takes up a certain amount of vertical height, the smallest possible distance between the exit orifices of the distributor tank and the blow-in slits of the blast nozzle unit is predetermined. Thus, the pre~drawing effect on the melt filaments provided by virtue of the entrainment of combustion gases and secondary air is likewise limited.
In contrast, it is the object of the invention to provide an apparatus for producing mineral wool which enables mineral wool to be produced at a higher output rate, i.e. at a higher level of productivity, without reductions in quality.
This object is achieved by means of the characterising features of claim 1.
According to the invention, a cooling device for cooling the surfaces of the blast nozzle unit facing inward into the nozzle slot are firstly cooled in order to prevent undesirable spreading of fibre material adhering to the wall of the blast nozzle arrangement, and thus a disruption to the fiberisation processes.
It has been revealed that, by cooling the surface of the fib~risation duct, the filament material coming into contact with the cold surface is suddenly quenched and tends to assume as small a contact interface with the wall of the fiberisation duct as possible. As a result of this, adhesion of melt filaments can be completely avoided. By this measure alone, therefore, the gap between the two blast nozzle halves can be further reduced, in spite of the accompanying increase in probability of filament contact, which per se is undesirable. In order to reach the lower limit of the smallest possible gap width of the nozzle slot, but without jeopardising optimum fiberisation and the accompanying high level of quality of the mineral wool, the blow-in slits are covered toward the middle of the nozzle slot by an air guide lip for each surface of the blast nozzle unit facing the nozzle slot, said air guide lip providing a flush covering .
4 2076~22 of said surface. As a result, there is a marked jump in pressure at the level of the blow-in slits, which is necessary for good fiberisation, providing for intensive division of the primary filament into several filament loops, without the entry contour of the blast nozzles exhibiting a projection of the air guide lips protruding into the nozzle slot and thus constricting the width of the nozzle slot.
A further essential measure for the apparatus according to the invention relates to the surprising fact that flattening the upper land of the blast nozzle gives rise to two significant and advantageous effects. Firstly it has been revealed that the fear that flattening the previously employed rounded upper land would lead to a disruption of the apparently aerodynamically smooth entry flow associated with this form, and thus the apparently optimum inflow behaviour of the secondary air, is not confirmed.
In actual fact, it was found that, with the flattened upper land, in spite of the accompanying more or less sharp-edged shape of the corner, a more centrally aligned, and a more centred intake flow occurs with a more pronounced entrainment action in the vertical direction than the aerodynamically smoother and rounder inlet configuration. This phenomenon can be explained to some extent by the fact that, on the upper face of the flattened upper land, a backflow forms approximating in shape to an elongated vortex tube, which forces the entrained secondary air to flow over this locally stable vortex tube and then closer along the exit orifices of the distributor tank into the blast nozzle inlet. The result is thus a more vertically aligned intake flow with a more pronounced partial vacuum. The associated higher local entry velocities combine to provide a higher overall intake velocity, with the primary filament also being engaged at an earlier point in time by this more intensive intake action, the ensuing more rapid pre-drawing action thus rendering it finer and, in particular, causing it to be better centred, i.e. drawn more intensively into the symmetry plane of the inlet.
207~22 As a further advantage, the more pronounced partial vacuum resulting from the flat form of the upper land of the bast nozzle produces a higher melt discharge rate per exit orifice of the distributor tank. This improved production rate which, compared to the previous solution, now lies in the region of 20 to 30%, can, in principle, be handled aerodynamically without difficulty by the apparatus claimed in claim 1, without any overflow occurring. In contrast, the same melt production rate would, in the case of a blast nozzle having the customary geometry with a rounded inlet and less pronounced partial vacuum, quickly cause overflow, i.e. the earlier blast nozzle would not have been in a position to handle such large quantities of melt. This effect leads, in addition, to a substantial increase in operational reliability; compared to the previous solution, it has been revealed that the service life values have risen quite substantially, namely to approximately three times the previous values.
The embodiment claimed in subclaim 2 represents a particularly advantageous apparatus according to the invention.
Further details, features and advantages of the invention are revealed in the following description of an embodiment by reference to the drawing, in which ig. 1 shows an apparatus according to the invention in the form of a schematic front view, ig. 2 shows the apparatus of Fig. 1 in a side view, ig. 3 shows the detail of circle III in Fig. 2, and ig. ~ shows the detail of circle IV in Fig. 3 in magnified form.
As Figs. 1 and 2 show, an apparatus according to the invention serves for converting a mineral melt, signified by 1, in the top 2~76t~22 part of the apparatus into mineral wool which is deposited onto an accumulating conveyor 3 for the formation of a continuous mineral wool web 2 which is transported away, in the drawing of Fig. 2, toward the right-hand side. As indicated in Fig. 2, the accumulating conveyor 3 has perforations 4 through which process air or gas can be sucked downward, as is customary per se in the production of mineral fibres, in an unspecified manner.
The melt 1 from a melt tank (not depicted in any further detail) is fed in this illustrative case to two adjacent distributor tanks 5 which each have a number of exit orifices 6 for the melt.
The distributor tanks 5 are made of platinum in conventional and known manner and are maintained at a desired temperature by means of combustion gases generated in lateral chambers 7.
As is in principle likewise customary with blast drawing, there are arranged beneath the exit orifices 6, blast nozzle units 8 which each consist of two blast nozzle halves 9 and, arranged therebetween, a nozzle slot 10 through which primary filaments of melt emerging from the exit orifices 6 appear in correspondence with the plumb lines 11 shown in Fig. 2 and are simultaneously fiberised by means of propellant gas which is provided under superatmospheric pressure in chambers 12 of the blast nozzle halves 9 and is blown into the nozzle slot 10 by way of blow-in slits which are not visible in Figs. 1 and 2. The basic processes which take place in this technology are familiar to the person skilled in the art.
The - as drawn - lower exit end of the blast nozzle units 8 sees the emergence of a flow bundle 31 (cf. Fig. 3) which contains the propellant gas; secondary air attracted from the top of the blast nozzle unit 8 by the injector action of the blown-in propellant gas; together with combustion gases from the chambers 7, and the freshly formed wool at still a high temperature. The flow bundle 31 arrives in the guide cell 13, which is convergent in nozzle-like fashion, as a result of which further secondary air is sucked in at the top of the guide cell 13 for further 7 2~7~2~.
cooling, and the resulting wool-gas mixture emerges again from the exit of the guide cell 13 with renewed bundling into a flow bundle 31. Owiny to the elongated shape of the nozzle slots 10 and guide cells 13, the flow bundles are likewise of a corresponding elongated shape and have the appearance of slender circular cones in a view corresponding to Figs. 2 or 3. In the region of the lower end of the guide cells 13 there are spray nozzles 14 for injecting liquid coolant such as cooling water, and spray nozzles 15 for injecting binder such as phenolic resin in fluent consistency. This is also the entry zone of a chute which is signified as a whole by 16 and which has, arranged on top of one another, a first chute section 16a, a second chute section 16b and a third chute section 16c. In the interior of the chute 16 the descending fibres cool down further to become distributed across the cross section of the chute, so that the result is uniform deposition as a web 2 on an accumulating conveyor 3, and the entrained gases carried over into the chute 16 are evacuated away in the known manner already indicated above.
The lower chute section 16c of chute 16 has moveable side walls 18 which are, for example, adjustable in their position through parallel shifting by way of adjusting members 19, are connected to the adjoining walls of the middle chute section 16b by means of catches 17 and, as is clear from Fig. 1, bound the side edges of the web. As is clear in the drawing from the cut-away representation of the area of the chute 16, the end walls 20 of the middle chute section 16b extend into the area of the lower chute section 16c and thus also form the end walls of that section as well. The end walls 20 of the entire chute 16 are arranged to be rigid, and the end wall which is to the rear in relation to arrow 21, which indicates the transport direction, is correspondingly shorter to accommodate the height of the mineral fibre web 2, so that the mineral fibre web 2 can emerge from the area of the chute 16, a roll 22 being arranged at the exit of the chute for sealing the exit gap of the chute against - : .
2n76~22 the atmosphere and simultaneously withdrawing the mineral wool web 2.
Although this means that some of the circumferential walls of the chute 16 are moveable, such as, for example, the side walls 18 of the lowermost chute section 16c, through parallel shifting and, if required, likewise the side walls of the middle chute section 16b through pivoting movement about hinges 23, all the circumferential walls are nevertheless constructed to be rigid as such, that is to say they have no movement means to effect a continuous self-cleaning effect or the like. All the side walls of the chute 16 are of double-shell or jacketed design, the cavities between the two shells being swept by a liquid coolant which can be supplied through connections 24 and discharged through connections 25.
With respect to ~urther details, features and advantages of the guide cells 13 and the injection there of water and binder, and of the construction of the chute 16 and the accumulating conveyor 3, reference is made to the six co-pending German applications of the present assignee entitled "Apparatus for producing mineral wool from silicate raw materials such as basalt by blast drawing"
under patent agent folio No. llGH06322; "Process and apparatus for the continuous production of mineral wool nonwovens" under patent agent folio No. llGH06332; "Process for the melting of silicate raw materials, in particular for the production of mineral wool, and apparatus for the preheating of the raw material mixture" under patent agent folio No. llGH06342;
"Apparatus for the production of wool, in particular rock wool, from a melt" under patent agent folio No. llGH06352; "Apparatus for the continuous production of mineral wool nonwovens" under patent agent folio No. llGH06362; and "Apparatus for the continuous production of mineral wool nonwovens" under patent agent folio No. llGH06372, all filed on the same day, the full contents thereof being hereby incorporated by reference.
207~:~2~
The area of the blast nozzle unit 8 is depicted in Fig. 3 with further details.
The fundamental structure of the blast nozzle unit 8 and of the distributor tank 5 having the exit orifices 6 has already been explained above. As is clear from the magnified representation in Fig. 4, the blast nozzle unit 8 exhibits upper parts signified by 30, which each have an edge 27. Each upper part 30 features a land 32 facing the exit orifices 6 of the distributor tank 5, which land 32 is, according to the present invention, of flat design and bounded by the edge 27. The edges 27 may be somewhat rounded for reasons of accident prevention only. Each upper land 30 blends into an air guide lip 28 which, in Fig. 4, is bent downward, and which leaves free a blow-in slit 29 at the adjacent slot wall 26, the rearward end of which blow-in slit 29 is connected to an assigned chamber 12 for compressed air or compressed gas. In this way, a velocity profile with high velocity in the area of the nozzle slot walls 26 and low velocity in the centre zone of the nozzle slot 10 is created. The interaction of this velocity pattern with the melt filaments produces the requisite loop formation for fiberisation in the customary manner.
Moreover, each air guide lip 28, in keeping with the invention, features a land 33 facing inward into the nozzle slot 10, which terminates flush with the walls of the nozzle slot 26 as is depicted in Fig. 4 schematically by the plane signified by 34.
As a result of the design according to the invention of the upper parts 30, the intake of secondary air causes an elongated vortex tube 35 to form as shown in cross-sectional representation in Fig. 4, said vortex tube 35 forcing the intake flow along the flow lines schematically indicated and signified by 36, which are, as a result, situated closer to the exit orifices 6 of the distributor tank 5. The outcome of this is the increase in the degree of vertical alignment of the intake flow to the plumb line 11 as described at the beginning, resulting in the likewise 2076~22 described and explained advantageous effects according to the invention.
Moreover, a cooling arrangement in the form of cooling ducts 37 is provided in which a coolant, such as water, can flow for the purpose of cooling the surfaces 26 facing inward into the nozzle slot.
According to the invention, the vertical distance vA between the exit orifice 6 of the distributor tank 5 and the blow-in slits 29 for propellant gas lies between 4 mm and 8 mm, and is in particular 5 mm, and the horizontal width hB of the nozzle slot 10 lies between 3 mm and 6 mm, particularly between 4 mm and 5 mm, and preferably at 4.5 mm.
The representation in Fig. 4 shows further constructional details which speak for themselves and is otherwise to scale, so that by means of the indicated dimensions, it is possible to make inferences directly from this representation to dimensions which have not been explained in detail but which may likewise be significant for optimum performance.
Moreover, according to the invention, the exit orifices 6 of the distributor tank 5 each have an outlet cross section between 0.5 mm2 and 3.5 mm2, and in particular of approx. 2.0 mm2, with the vertical length vL of the nozzle slot 10 below the blow-in slits 29 lying between 5 mm and 80 mm, and particularly at 40 mm.
A further essential measure for the apparatus according to the invention relates to the surprising fact that flattening the upper land of the blast nozzle gives rise to two significant and advantageous effects. Firstly it has been revealed that the fear that flattening the previously employed rounded upper land would lead to a disruption of the apparently aerodynamically smooth entry flow associated with this form, and thus the apparently optimum inflow behaviour of the secondary air, is not confirmed.
In actual fact, it was found that, with the flattened upper land, in spite of the accompanying more or less sharp-edged shape of the corner, a more centrally aligned, and a more centred intake flow occurs with a more pronounced entrainment action in the vertical direction than the aerodynamically smoother and rounder inlet configuration. This phenomenon can be explained to some extent by the fact that, on the upper face of the flattened upper land, a backflow forms approximating in shape to an elongated vortex tube, which forces the entrained secondary air to flow over this locally stable vortex tube and then closer along the exit orifices of the distributor tank into the blast nozzle inlet. The result is thus a more vertically aligned intake flow with a more pronounced partial vacuum. The associated higher local entry velocities combine to provide a higher overall intake velocity, with the primary filament also being engaged at an earlier point in time by this more intensive intake action, the ensuing more rapid pre-drawing action thus rendering it finer and, in particular, causing it to be better centred, i.e. drawn more intensively into the symmetry plane of the inlet.
207~22 As a further advantage, the more pronounced partial vacuum resulting from the flat form of the upper land of the bast nozzle produces a higher melt discharge rate per exit orifice of the distributor tank. This improved production rate which, compared to the previous solution, now lies in the region of 20 to 30%, can, in principle, be handled aerodynamically without difficulty by the apparatus claimed in claim 1, without any overflow occurring. In contrast, the same melt production rate would, in the case of a blast nozzle having the customary geometry with a rounded inlet and less pronounced partial vacuum, quickly cause overflow, i.e. the earlier blast nozzle would not have been in a position to handle such large quantities of melt. This effect leads, in addition, to a substantial increase in operational reliability; compared to the previous solution, it has been revealed that the service life values have risen quite substantially, namely to approximately three times the previous values.
The embodiment claimed in subclaim 2 represents a particularly advantageous apparatus according to the invention.
Further details, features and advantages of the invention are revealed in the following description of an embodiment by reference to the drawing, in which ig. 1 shows an apparatus according to the invention in the form of a schematic front view, ig. 2 shows the apparatus of Fig. 1 in a side view, ig. 3 shows the detail of circle III in Fig. 2, and ig. ~ shows the detail of circle IV in Fig. 3 in magnified form.
As Figs. 1 and 2 show, an apparatus according to the invention serves for converting a mineral melt, signified by 1, in the top 2~76t~22 part of the apparatus into mineral wool which is deposited onto an accumulating conveyor 3 for the formation of a continuous mineral wool web 2 which is transported away, in the drawing of Fig. 2, toward the right-hand side. As indicated in Fig. 2, the accumulating conveyor 3 has perforations 4 through which process air or gas can be sucked downward, as is customary per se in the production of mineral fibres, in an unspecified manner.
The melt 1 from a melt tank (not depicted in any further detail) is fed in this illustrative case to two adjacent distributor tanks 5 which each have a number of exit orifices 6 for the melt.
The distributor tanks 5 are made of platinum in conventional and known manner and are maintained at a desired temperature by means of combustion gases generated in lateral chambers 7.
As is in principle likewise customary with blast drawing, there are arranged beneath the exit orifices 6, blast nozzle units 8 which each consist of two blast nozzle halves 9 and, arranged therebetween, a nozzle slot 10 through which primary filaments of melt emerging from the exit orifices 6 appear in correspondence with the plumb lines 11 shown in Fig. 2 and are simultaneously fiberised by means of propellant gas which is provided under superatmospheric pressure in chambers 12 of the blast nozzle halves 9 and is blown into the nozzle slot 10 by way of blow-in slits which are not visible in Figs. 1 and 2. The basic processes which take place in this technology are familiar to the person skilled in the art.
The - as drawn - lower exit end of the blast nozzle units 8 sees the emergence of a flow bundle 31 (cf. Fig. 3) which contains the propellant gas; secondary air attracted from the top of the blast nozzle unit 8 by the injector action of the blown-in propellant gas; together with combustion gases from the chambers 7, and the freshly formed wool at still a high temperature. The flow bundle 31 arrives in the guide cell 13, which is convergent in nozzle-like fashion, as a result of which further secondary air is sucked in at the top of the guide cell 13 for further 7 2~7~2~.
cooling, and the resulting wool-gas mixture emerges again from the exit of the guide cell 13 with renewed bundling into a flow bundle 31. Owiny to the elongated shape of the nozzle slots 10 and guide cells 13, the flow bundles are likewise of a corresponding elongated shape and have the appearance of slender circular cones in a view corresponding to Figs. 2 or 3. In the region of the lower end of the guide cells 13 there are spray nozzles 14 for injecting liquid coolant such as cooling water, and spray nozzles 15 for injecting binder such as phenolic resin in fluent consistency. This is also the entry zone of a chute which is signified as a whole by 16 and which has, arranged on top of one another, a first chute section 16a, a second chute section 16b and a third chute section 16c. In the interior of the chute 16 the descending fibres cool down further to become distributed across the cross section of the chute, so that the result is uniform deposition as a web 2 on an accumulating conveyor 3, and the entrained gases carried over into the chute 16 are evacuated away in the known manner already indicated above.
The lower chute section 16c of chute 16 has moveable side walls 18 which are, for example, adjustable in their position through parallel shifting by way of adjusting members 19, are connected to the adjoining walls of the middle chute section 16b by means of catches 17 and, as is clear from Fig. 1, bound the side edges of the web. As is clear in the drawing from the cut-away representation of the area of the chute 16, the end walls 20 of the middle chute section 16b extend into the area of the lower chute section 16c and thus also form the end walls of that section as well. The end walls 20 of the entire chute 16 are arranged to be rigid, and the end wall which is to the rear in relation to arrow 21, which indicates the transport direction, is correspondingly shorter to accommodate the height of the mineral fibre web 2, so that the mineral fibre web 2 can emerge from the area of the chute 16, a roll 22 being arranged at the exit of the chute for sealing the exit gap of the chute against - : .
2n76~22 the atmosphere and simultaneously withdrawing the mineral wool web 2.
Although this means that some of the circumferential walls of the chute 16 are moveable, such as, for example, the side walls 18 of the lowermost chute section 16c, through parallel shifting and, if required, likewise the side walls of the middle chute section 16b through pivoting movement about hinges 23, all the circumferential walls are nevertheless constructed to be rigid as such, that is to say they have no movement means to effect a continuous self-cleaning effect or the like. All the side walls of the chute 16 are of double-shell or jacketed design, the cavities between the two shells being swept by a liquid coolant which can be supplied through connections 24 and discharged through connections 25.
With respect to ~urther details, features and advantages of the guide cells 13 and the injection there of water and binder, and of the construction of the chute 16 and the accumulating conveyor 3, reference is made to the six co-pending German applications of the present assignee entitled "Apparatus for producing mineral wool from silicate raw materials such as basalt by blast drawing"
under patent agent folio No. llGH06322; "Process and apparatus for the continuous production of mineral wool nonwovens" under patent agent folio No. llGH06332; "Process for the melting of silicate raw materials, in particular for the production of mineral wool, and apparatus for the preheating of the raw material mixture" under patent agent folio No. llGH06342;
"Apparatus for the production of wool, in particular rock wool, from a melt" under patent agent folio No. llGH06352; "Apparatus for the continuous production of mineral wool nonwovens" under patent agent folio No. llGH06362; and "Apparatus for the continuous production of mineral wool nonwovens" under patent agent folio No. llGH06372, all filed on the same day, the full contents thereof being hereby incorporated by reference.
207~:~2~
The area of the blast nozzle unit 8 is depicted in Fig. 3 with further details.
The fundamental structure of the blast nozzle unit 8 and of the distributor tank 5 having the exit orifices 6 has already been explained above. As is clear from the magnified representation in Fig. 4, the blast nozzle unit 8 exhibits upper parts signified by 30, which each have an edge 27. Each upper part 30 features a land 32 facing the exit orifices 6 of the distributor tank 5, which land 32 is, according to the present invention, of flat design and bounded by the edge 27. The edges 27 may be somewhat rounded for reasons of accident prevention only. Each upper land 30 blends into an air guide lip 28 which, in Fig. 4, is bent downward, and which leaves free a blow-in slit 29 at the adjacent slot wall 26, the rearward end of which blow-in slit 29 is connected to an assigned chamber 12 for compressed air or compressed gas. In this way, a velocity profile with high velocity in the area of the nozzle slot walls 26 and low velocity in the centre zone of the nozzle slot 10 is created. The interaction of this velocity pattern with the melt filaments produces the requisite loop formation for fiberisation in the customary manner.
Moreover, each air guide lip 28, in keeping with the invention, features a land 33 facing inward into the nozzle slot 10, which terminates flush with the walls of the nozzle slot 26 as is depicted in Fig. 4 schematically by the plane signified by 34.
As a result of the design according to the invention of the upper parts 30, the intake of secondary air causes an elongated vortex tube 35 to form as shown in cross-sectional representation in Fig. 4, said vortex tube 35 forcing the intake flow along the flow lines schematically indicated and signified by 36, which are, as a result, situated closer to the exit orifices 6 of the distributor tank 5. The outcome of this is the increase in the degree of vertical alignment of the intake flow to the plumb line 11 as described at the beginning, resulting in the likewise 2076~22 described and explained advantageous effects according to the invention.
Moreover, a cooling arrangement in the form of cooling ducts 37 is provided in which a coolant, such as water, can flow for the purpose of cooling the surfaces 26 facing inward into the nozzle slot.
According to the invention, the vertical distance vA between the exit orifice 6 of the distributor tank 5 and the blow-in slits 29 for propellant gas lies between 4 mm and 8 mm, and is in particular 5 mm, and the horizontal width hB of the nozzle slot 10 lies between 3 mm and 6 mm, particularly between 4 mm and 5 mm, and preferably at 4.5 mm.
The representation in Fig. 4 shows further constructional details which speak for themselves and is otherwise to scale, so that by means of the indicated dimensions, it is possible to make inferences directly from this representation to dimensions which have not been explained in detail but which may likewise be significant for optimum performance.
Moreover, according to the invention, the exit orifices 6 of the distributor tank 5 each have an outlet cross section between 0.5 mm2 and 3.5 mm2, and in particular of approx. 2.0 mm2, with the vertical length vL of the nozzle slot 10 below the blow-in slits 29 lying between 5 mm and 80 mm, and particularly at 40 mm.
Claims (3)
1. An apparatus for producing mineral wool from silicate raw materials, in particular basalt, by blast drawing, comprising - a melting tank and at least one distributor tank (5) fed therefrom, said distributor tank having exit orifices (6) for primary filaments of melt (1), - a blast nozzle unit (8), with an upper part, arranged underneath said exit orifices (6) at a distance therefrom and parallel to the plumb line (11) of the primary filaments, - a chute (16) arranged underneath said blast nozzle unit (8), and - an accumulating conveyor (3) arranged at the lower end of said chute (16) and onto which the mineral wool produced is laid and transported away in the form of a continuous web (2), in which:
- the blast nozzle unit (8) consists of two blast nozzle halves (9) which bound an interposed nozzle slot (10) which receives a plurality of parallel, adjacent incoming primary filaments, said blast nozzle halves (9) each featuring a blow-in slit (29) directed downward into the nozzle slot (10) for propellant gas,
- the blast nozzle unit (8) consists of two blast nozzle halves (9) which bound an interposed nozzle slot (10) which receives a plurality of parallel, adjacent incoming primary filaments, said blast nozzle halves (9) each featuring a blow-in slit (29) directed downward into the nozzle slot (10) for propellant gas,
2 said blow-in slit (29) being arranged at the same level as the opposing blow-in slit (29) of the other blast nozzle half (9), - the blow-in slits (29) are covered toward the centreline of the nozzle slot (10) by, in each case, an air guide lip (28) covering the surface (33) of the blast nozzle unit (8) facing inward toward the nozzle slot (10), w h e r e i n - a cooling arrangement (37) is provided for cooling the surfaces of the blast nozzle unit (8) facing inward toward the nozzle slot (10), - the surfaces (33) of the air guide lips (28) facing inward toward the nozzle slot (10) terminate flush with the nozzle slot walls (26), - the land of the upper part (30) of the blast nozzle unit (8) facing the exit orifices (6) of the distributor tank (5) is at least partly of flat design, - the vertical distance (vA) between the exit orifices (6) of the distributor tank (5) and the blow-in slits (29) for propellant gas lies between 4 mm and 8 mm, and particularly at 5 mm, - the horizontal width (hB) of the nozzle slot (10) lies between 3 mm and 6 mm, and particulary between 4 mm and 5 mm, preferably at 4.5 mm.
3 2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, w h e r e i n - the exit orifices (6) of the distributor tank (5) each exhibit an outlet cross section between 0.8 mm2 and 3.5 mm2, and particularly approx. 2.0 mm2, and - the vertical length (vL) of the nozzle slot (10) below the blow-in slits (29) lies between 5 mm and 80 mm, and particularly at 40 mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP4141654.6 | 1991-12-17 | ||
| DE19914141654 DE4141654C2 (en) | 1991-12-17 | 1991-12-17 | Device for the production of mineral wool from silicate raw materials, in particular basalt, by the nozzle blowing process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2076522A1 true CA2076522A1 (en) | 1993-06-18 |
Family
ID=6447280
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2076522 Abandoned CA2076522A1 (en) | 1991-12-17 | 1992-08-24 | Apparatus for producing mineral wool from silicate raw materials, in particular basalt by blast drawing |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2076522A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4141654C2 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR26529A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011001643B4 (en) | 2011-03-29 | 2017-03-16 | Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Ag | Apparatus for the production of mineral wool by the nozzle-blowing method and a distributor tray for this and a corresponding method |
| DE102018129940A1 (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2020-05-28 | Saint-Gobain Isover G+H Aktiengesellschaft | Blowing nozzle for a device for producing mineral wool and device with such a blowing nozzle |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3509426A1 (en) * | 1985-03-15 | 1986-09-18 | Grünzweig + Hartmann und Glasfaser AG, 6700 Ludwigshafen | DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MINERAL FIBERS FROM SILICATIVE RAW MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR BASALT WITH A MODULAR VISCOSITY MODULE OF AT LEAST 1.5, AFTER THE NOZZLE BLOWING PROCESS |
| DE3807420A1 (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1989-09-21 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann | DEVICE FOR PRODUCING FIBERS, IN PARTICULAR MINERAL FIBERS, FROM A MELT |
-
1991
- 1991-12-17 DE DE19914141654 patent/DE4141654C2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-02-14 TR TR16692A patent/TR26529A/en unknown
- 1992-08-24 CA CA 2076522 patent/CA2076522A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TR26529A (en) | 1995-03-15 |
| DE4141654A1 (en) | 1993-07-01 |
| DE4141654C2 (en) | 2001-07-26 |
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