CA2073260A1 - Method and device for producing a shaped non-woven, non-woven obtained and use thereof - Google Patents
Method and device for producing a shaped non-woven, non-woven obtained and use thereofInfo
- Publication number
- CA2073260A1 CA2073260A1 CA 2073260 CA2073260A CA2073260A1 CA 2073260 A1 CA2073260 A1 CA 2073260A1 CA 2073260 CA2073260 CA 2073260 CA 2073260 A CA2073260 A CA 2073260A CA 2073260 A1 CA2073260 A1 CA 2073260A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- woven
- carding machine
- width
- fibers
- layers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G25/00—Lap-forming devices not integral with machines specified above
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H18/00—Needling machines
- D04H18/02—Needling machines with needles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The method according to the invention consists in feeding fibers on a carding machine over a limited width thereof, in superposing the card web in at least ten layers and in needling the superposed layers. The superposition is preferably obtained by winding over a cylindrical drum.
The shaped non-woven obtained according to the invention has a thickness gradually decreasing towards its selvedges. The obtained strip having, in cross-section, an asymmetrical shape by longitudinal cutting, for example along the median axis, and optionally two longitudinal cuttings on the selvedge side.
The shaped non-woven obtained according to the invention has a thickness gradually decreasing towards its selvedges. The obtained strip having, in cross-section, an asymmetrical shape by longitudinal cutting, for example along the median axis, and optionally two longitudinal cuttings on the selvedge side.
Description
METHOD AND DEYICE FOR PRODUCING A SHAP 0 NON-WOYEN, NON-WnVEN OBTAINED AND USE THEREOF
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
05 The present invention relates to the production of a shaped non-woven, namely a non-woven having, in cross-section, a special shape with respect to the usual rectangular shape. It relates more specifically to a method for producing such a non-woven, to the non-woven obtained with such method, and also to a use thereof in the production of a gasket.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
To Applicant's knowledge, the only method for producing a shaped non-woven, namely a non-woven having, in cross-section, a shape which is not roughly rectangular, consists in making in the non-woven, once this is produced, one or more slanted cuts. But although such cuts are feasible on non-wovens of a certain thickness and on the lateral faces thereof, they are nevertheless virtually impossible on the upper face. Therefore, a non-woven having a cross-section which is not rectangular but for example trapezoidal, is difficult to obtain.
It is the object of the present invention to propose a method for producing such a non-woven.
This method for producing a shaped non-woven consists, in known manner, in feeding fibers to a carding machine, in receiving the fibrous web leaving the carding machine and in needling said web. In characteristic manner, the fibers are fed over a limited width of the carding machine and, moreover, the fibrous web leaving the carding machine is superposed into at least ten layers before needling.
Applicant has indeed found that when the fibers are not fed through the whole width of the carding machine, the edges of the obtained web are thinner than the mean thickness of said web. Said thickness difference is hardly noticeable on a unitary web leaving the carding machine. It is the merit of the invention to 20732f~U
accentuate and draw advantage from this irregularity by controlling the feeding and by superposing unitary webs in the form of at least ten successive layers. In this way, the non-woven obtained has, in cross-section, a shape which is not rectangular, 05 but of which at least certain have a different thickness from the mean thickness of the web.
Relatively to the production of fibrous webs, document FR-A-2 598 723 describes a method and device for intermingling tapes of fibers notably at the level of carding machines. The method consists, after laying flat the fibrous tape, in inter-mingling the fibers of the tape by means of air jets so as to improve cohesion of the tape. To this effect, the apparatus comprises, in addition to the air injecting nozzles, a funnel of tape of which the edge has a cross-section reducing in the tape-conveying direction, and a device for guiding the fibers, which device is placed at the front of the funnel.
Another device is also known, which is described in document DE-A-2 437 176, and which makes it possible to produce a fibrous web from a raw material constituted of fibers. In this device, the fibers, once introduced, are conveyed through a cavity under the action of an air stream, up to two perforated rollers of parallel axes. The fibers, having thus been sucked in, are applied against said rollers while the latter are driven in rotation in opposite directions. The fibers then pass between the two rollers where they mingle together in order to constitute the fibrous web. The orientation of the side walls of the cavity where the fibers pass through is adjustable, so as to obtain a fibrous web of given width.
It is not possible, with the two aforesaid known devices, to obtain a fibrous web with edges thinner than the mean thickness of the web. Therefore, the winding of the resulting web will not, in the end, give a shaped non-woven according to the invention.
A method and apparatus are also known from document EP 0 147 297, for producing structures formed by superposed layers of fibrous material, joined one to the other. To this effect, a ~~ 3 2073260 strip of material is brought over a rotary mandrel, so as to be wound thereon it into successive overlapping spires. However, two successive spires are not superposed, as with the method according to the present invention. Moreover, the successive parts of the 05 strip of material have generally been pre-needled for strengthening purposes, which makes them easier to handle.
Another method and device are also known from document CH-A-350 584 for directly winding on a winding machine, a strip of cotton leaving a carding machine. Said cotton strip has been strengthened prior to winding by passing between two rollers of a heated pre-shaping calendering machine. Admittedly, the cotton strip is wound in successive superposed layers, but as these layers have already been strengthened, the strip is not needled.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the superposition is achieved by winding the web leaving the carding machine over a cylindrical drum. In this case, the web, constituted in at least ten superposed layers, is cut crosswise before needling.
Understandably, the length of the shaped non-woven obtained in this way is, at the maximum, equal to the circumference of the cylindrical drum. This method is therefore particularly adapted for the production of shaped non-woven used in the construction of small-sized articles.
When the fiber feeding is set so as to occur on a median portion of the carding machine, the thickness variation of the cross-section corresponds to a bevelled cut of the lateral faces.
According to a variant of embodiment, the method according to the invention consists in feeding the carding machine in sequential manner over median portions narrowing from one sequence to another and, before needling, in superposing the layers obtained from the different sequences. It is then possible to obtain a shaped non-woven which has an upper face substantially triangular or in arc of circle.
For obtaining a non-woven with an asy"""~lical-shaped - '~ 13~o cross-section, the method can include a longitudinal cutting operation, approximately along the middle axis and optionally along the two selvedges.
An object of an aspect of the invention is to provide a device for carrying out the aforesaid method.
Said device comprises, in known manner, a carding machine equipped with a feeding system.
Characteristically, the feeding system is equipped with control means for limiting the fiber feeding to a predetermined width of the carding machine; said device further comprises, at the outlet from the carding machine, a cylindrical drum for winding the web.
Preferably, the surface of the cylindrical drum is covered with a velvet coating, to allow the fibers to cling temporarily to the drum surface.
An object of an aspect of the invention is the shaped non-woven obtained with said method. It is in particular a non-woven strip of small width, between 10 and 20 cm, of which at least one lateral edge has a cross-section of approximately trapezoidal shape, the oblique face of which corresponds to the top of the strip.
Said non-woven strip is advantageously used in the production of gaskets.
Another aspect of this invention is as follows:
A method for producing a shaped non-woven, comprising the following steps:
A~
~13~ ~
_ 4a a) feeding fibers into carding machine, in sequential manner over median portions narrowing from one sequence to another;
b) superposing layers of a fibrous web leaving said carding machine on a receiving system;
c) feeding the fibrous web over a limited width 1 of the carding machine, the width L is smaller that the width L of the receiving system, and superposing the sequentially narrowing fibrous web leaving said machine in at least ten layers and needling the superposed layers.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be more readily understood on reading the following description of one embodiment of the method for producing a strip of shaped non-woven of small width, given with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
- Figure 1 is a diagrammatical plan view of the formation of a unitary web of fibers, - Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating the formation of a shaped non-woven according to the invention, and - Figure 3 is a perspective view of a truncated con-shaped piece usable for producing a gasket.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Figure 1 illustrates very diagrammatically, the path followed by the fibers 1, when these pass into the feeding system 5 207~260 2, into the carding machine proper 3 and into the receiving system 4.
The fibers 1 are deposited, by known means, possibly by hand in the case of a small production, on a feed lattice 5, 05 constituted for example of transversal laths 6 driven forward in the form of a closed loop. A control device 7 makes it possible to determine the portion limited widthwise where the fibers 1 are fed with respect to the feeding lattices 5. Said device consists for example of two vertical members, mounted above the lattice and in parallel to the fibers moving direction, along arrow F, and completed with a transversal sliding device enabling the displacement of the two vertical members 8, 8' with respect to each other.
The fibers 1 occupy a width 1 between the two vertical members 8, 8'. Already when the fibers 1I situated on the lateral edges of the web move longitudinally on leaving the feeding system 2, and moreover when they pass over the cylinders of the carding machine, said fibers 1' also move crosswise, so that, overall, the web leaving the carding machine 3 has, on the receiving system 4, a width L which is greater than said width 1. As such increase of width is not due to a uniform transversal displacement of all the fibers 1, but instead to a transversal displacement of the fibers 1' situated close to the selvedges 9, a gradual decrease of the number of fibers is noted on these edges, hence a decrease of the thickness of the web.
This phenomenon could be explained by the fact that the fibers 1' along the selvedges 9, which are relatively less clinging to the other fibers, can gradually escape to occupy the free space.
The web 12 of fibers of width L, leaving the carding machine, is received on a cylindrical drum 10, of which the outer surface is covered with a velvet 11. The fibers of the web 12 cling sufficiently to the velvet 11 for said web 12 to wind over the drum 10. Of course, the linear speed of drum 10 is equal to the discharge speed of the carding machine 3.
The web 12 leaving the carding machine 3 is wound over drum 10 in at least ten superposed layers, after what this stack of layers is cut crosswise. The obtained strip 13 has a total length which is equal to the circumference of the drum 10. It is detached 05 from the velvet surface 11 and then needled.
The shaped non-woven 14, strengthened by the needling, has substantially the shape shown in Figure 3, after longitudinal cuts have been made along the selvedges 9. In cross-section, the non-woven has a lower face 15 which is flat; this is the face which was in contact with the drum 10. Its total width L' corresponds to the width L at the outlet of the carding machine, after deduction of the lateral cuts.
The thickness E of the non-woven 14 in its median part 16 is substantially uniform over a middle zone of width L", then, laterally, this thickness decreases to a value e. This gradual decreasing is shown in Figure 3 as being linear. In actual fact, the lateral decrease of thickness takes on a form which varies with the fibers used, with the operational conditions, and with the tension exerted during the winding on the drum; of course, the discontinuity marked by line 17 in Figure 3 is not visually noticeable.
The non-woven 14 can be cut along the median axis 16 and it can also be truncated to given lengths so that each element can be used in the production of gaskets. Said element of shaped non-woven is particularly advantageous for constituting, within the gasket, a stuffing pad of non-uniform thickness.
In one specific example of embodiment, the operational conditions were as follows: feeding of a small four-worker sampling wool card, over a width 1 of 100 mm, with 80 9 of mineral fibers cut into lengths of 60 mm and having a count of 20û tex. The width of the web leaving the card was about 150 mm. The 80 9 of fibers were wound in 35 layers on a drum of 1.25 m of circumference. After cutting, the strip was needled at the rate of 200 strokes/min., with a needle penetration of 10 mm and a density of 27 strokes/cm2. After lateral cutting the width L' was equal to 140 mm~L" to 90 mm, E to 10.7 mm and e to 4.4mm.
The example given hereinabove is just one illustration of what can obtained with the method according to the invention.
05 Indeed, it is up to the man skilled in the art to set the conditions of limited width of the fiber feeding - whether this is median or off-centered - as well as the conditions of superposition of the unitary layers, as a function of the final shape of the non-woven that is sought.
For example, to obtain an effect of thickness decreasing laterally over a larger width, the feeding can be shifted in time, in several sequences, the feeding width 1 becoming narrower from one sequence to the other. Obviously, the non-woven resulting from the superposition of the layers obtained at each sequence, will have comparatively to the example illustrated in Figure 3, a smaller width L" for the same overall width L'. It would even be possible to obtain, in this way, a substantially triangular shape, indeed even a shape in arc of circle.
The shaped non-woven according to the invention has substantially the same density of fibers throughout i~s volume.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
05 The present invention relates to the production of a shaped non-woven, namely a non-woven having, in cross-section, a special shape with respect to the usual rectangular shape. It relates more specifically to a method for producing such a non-woven, to the non-woven obtained with such method, and also to a use thereof in the production of a gasket.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
To Applicant's knowledge, the only method for producing a shaped non-woven, namely a non-woven having, in cross-section, a shape which is not roughly rectangular, consists in making in the non-woven, once this is produced, one or more slanted cuts. But although such cuts are feasible on non-wovens of a certain thickness and on the lateral faces thereof, they are nevertheless virtually impossible on the upper face. Therefore, a non-woven having a cross-section which is not rectangular but for example trapezoidal, is difficult to obtain.
It is the object of the present invention to propose a method for producing such a non-woven.
This method for producing a shaped non-woven consists, in known manner, in feeding fibers to a carding machine, in receiving the fibrous web leaving the carding machine and in needling said web. In characteristic manner, the fibers are fed over a limited width of the carding machine and, moreover, the fibrous web leaving the carding machine is superposed into at least ten layers before needling.
Applicant has indeed found that when the fibers are not fed through the whole width of the carding machine, the edges of the obtained web are thinner than the mean thickness of said web. Said thickness difference is hardly noticeable on a unitary web leaving the carding machine. It is the merit of the invention to 20732f~U
accentuate and draw advantage from this irregularity by controlling the feeding and by superposing unitary webs in the form of at least ten successive layers. In this way, the non-woven obtained has, in cross-section, a shape which is not rectangular, 05 but of which at least certain have a different thickness from the mean thickness of the web.
Relatively to the production of fibrous webs, document FR-A-2 598 723 describes a method and device for intermingling tapes of fibers notably at the level of carding machines. The method consists, after laying flat the fibrous tape, in inter-mingling the fibers of the tape by means of air jets so as to improve cohesion of the tape. To this effect, the apparatus comprises, in addition to the air injecting nozzles, a funnel of tape of which the edge has a cross-section reducing in the tape-conveying direction, and a device for guiding the fibers, which device is placed at the front of the funnel.
Another device is also known, which is described in document DE-A-2 437 176, and which makes it possible to produce a fibrous web from a raw material constituted of fibers. In this device, the fibers, once introduced, are conveyed through a cavity under the action of an air stream, up to two perforated rollers of parallel axes. The fibers, having thus been sucked in, are applied against said rollers while the latter are driven in rotation in opposite directions. The fibers then pass between the two rollers where they mingle together in order to constitute the fibrous web. The orientation of the side walls of the cavity where the fibers pass through is adjustable, so as to obtain a fibrous web of given width.
It is not possible, with the two aforesaid known devices, to obtain a fibrous web with edges thinner than the mean thickness of the web. Therefore, the winding of the resulting web will not, in the end, give a shaped non-woven according to the invention.
A method and apparatus are also known from document EP 0 147 297, for producing structures formed by superposed layers of fibrous material, joined one to the other. To this effect, a ~~ 3 2073260 strip of material is brought over a rotary mandrel, so as to be wound thereon it into successive overlapping spires. However, two successive spires are not superposed, as with the method according to the present invention. Moreover, the successive parts of the 05 strip of material have generally been pre-needled for strengthening purposes, which makes them easier to handle.
Another method and device are also known from document CH-A-350 584 for directly winding on a winding machine, a strip of cotton leaving a carding machine. Said cotton strip has been strengthened prior to winding by passing between two rollers of a heated pre-shaping calendering machine. Admittedly, the cotton strip is wound in successive superposed layers, but as these layers have already been strengthened, the strip is not needled.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the superposition is achieved by winding the web leaving the carding machine over a cylindrical drum. In this case, the web, constituted in at least ten superposed layers, is cut crosswise before needling.
Understandably, the length of the shaped non-woven obtained in this way is, at the maximum, equal to the circumference of the cylindrical drum. This method is therefore particularly adapted for the production of shaped non-woven used in the construction of small-sized articles.
When the fiber feeding is set so as to occur on a median portion of the carding machine, the thickness variation of the cross-section corresponds to a bevelled cut of the lateral faces.
According to a variant of embodiment, the method according to the invention consists in feeding the carding machine in sequential manner over median portions narrowing from one sequence to another and, before needling, in superposing the layers obtained from the different sequences. It is then possible to obtain a shaped non-woven which has an upper face substantially triangular or in arc of circle.
For obtaining a non-woven with an asy"""~lical-shaped - '~ 13~o cross-section, the method can include a longitudinal cutting operation, approximately along the middle axis and optionally along the two selvedges.
An object of an aspect of the invention is to provide a device for carrying out the aforesaid method.
Said device comprises, in known manner, a carding machine equipped with a feeding system.
Characteristically, the feeding system is equipped with control means for limiting the fiber feeding to a predetermined width of the carding machine; said device further comprises, at the outlet from the carding machine, a cylindrical drum for winding the web.
Preferably, the surface of the cylindrical drum is covered with a velvet coating, to allow the fibers to cling temporarily to the drum surface.
An object of an aspect of the invention is the shaped non-woven obtained with said method. It is in particular a non-woven strip of small width, between 10 and 20 cm, of which at least one lateral edge has a cross-section of approximately trapezoidal shape, the oblique face of which corresponds to the top of the strip.
Said non-woven strip is advantageously used in the production of gaskets.
Another aspect of this invention is as follows:
A method for producing a shaped non-woven, comprising the following steps:
A~
~13~ ~
_ 4a a) feeding fibers into carding machine, in sequential manner over median portions narrowing from one sequence to another;
b) superposing layers of a fibrous web leaving said carding machine on a receiving system;
c) feeding the fibrous web over a limited width 1 of the carding machine, the width L is smaller that the width L of the receiving system, and superposing the sequentially narrowing fibrous web leaving said machine in at least ten layers and needling the superposed layers.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be more readily understood on reading the following description of one embodiment of the method for producing a strip of shaped non-woven of small width, given with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
- Figure 1 is a diagrammatical plan view of the formation of a unitary web of fibers, - Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating the formation of a shaped non-woven according to the invention, and - Figure 3 is a perspective view of a truncated con-shaped piece usable for producing a gasket.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Figure 1 illustrates very diagrammatically, the path followed by the fibers 1, when these pass into the feeding system 5 207~260 2, into the carding machine proper 3 and into the receiving system 4.
The fibers 1 are deposited, by known means, possibly by hand in the case of a small production, on a feed lattice 5, 05 constituted for example of transversal laths 6 driven forward in the form of a closed loop. A control device 7 makes it possible to determine the portion limited widthwise where the fibers 1 are fed with respect to the feeding lattices 5. Said device consists for example of two vertical members, mounted above the lattice and in parallel to the fibers moving direction, along arrow F, and completed with a transversal sliding device enabling the displacement of the two vertical members 8, 8' with respect to each other.
The fibers 1 occupy a width 1 between the two vertical members 8, 8'. Already when the fibers 1I situated on the lateral edges of the web move longitudinally on leaving the feeding system 2, and moreover when they pass over the cylinders of the carding machine, said fibers 1' also move crosswise, so that, overall, the web leaving the carding machine 3 has, on the receiving system 4, a width L which is greater than said width 1. As such increase of width is not due to a uniform transversal displacement of all the fibers 1, but instead to a transversal displacement of the fibers 1' situated close to the selvedges 9, a gradual decrease of the number of fibers is noted on these edges, hence a decrease of the thickness of the web.
This phenomenon could be explained by the fact that the fibers 1' along the selvedges 9, which are relatively less clinging to the other fibers, can gradually escape to occupy the free space.
The web 12 of fibers of width L, leaving the carding machine, is received on a cylindrical drum 10, of which the outer surface is covered with a velvet 11. The fibers of the web 12 cling sufficiently to the velvet 11 for said web 12 to wind over the drum 10. Of course, the linear speed of drum 10 is equal to the discharge speed of the carding machine 3.
The web 12 leaving the carding machine 3 is wound over drum 10 in at least ten superposed layers, after what this stack of layers is cut crosswise. The obtained strip 13 has a total length which is equal to the circumference of the drum 10. It is detached 05 from the velvet surface 11 and then needled.
The shaped non-woven 14, strengthened by the needling, has substantially the shape shown in Figure 3, after longitudinal cuts have been made along the selvedges 9. In cross-section, the non-woven has a lower face 15 which is flat; this is the face which was in contact with the drum 10. Its total width L' corresponds to the width L at the outlet of the carding machine, after deduction of the lateral cuts.
The thickness E of the non-woven 14 in its median part 16 is substantially uniform over a middle zone of width L", then, laterally, this thickness decreases to a value e. This gradual decreasing is shown in Figure 3 as being linear. In actual fact, the lateral decrease of thickness takes on a form which varies with the fibers used, with the operational conditions, and with the tension exerted during the winding on the drum; of course, the discontinuity marked by line 17 in Figure 3 is not visually noticeable.
The non-woven 14 can be cut along the median axis 16 and it can also be truncated to given lengths so that each element can be used in the production of gaskets. Said element of shaped non-woven is particularly advantageous for constituting, within the gasket, a stuffing pad of non-uniform thickness.
In one specific example of embodiment, the operational conditions were as follows: feeding of a small four-worker sampling wool card, over a width 1 of 100 mm, with 80 9 of mineral fibers cut into lengths of 60 mm and having a count of 20û tex. The width of the web leaving the card was about 150 mm. The 80 9 of fibers were wound in 35 layers on a drum of 1.25 m of circumference. After cutting, the strip was needled at the rate of 200 strokes/min., with a needle penetration of 10 mm and a density of 27 strokes/cm2. After lateral cutting the width L' was equal to 140 mm~L" to 90 mm, E to 10.7 mm and e to 4.4mm.
The example given hereinabove is just one illustration of what can obtained with the method according to the invention.
05 Indeed, it is up to the man skilled in the art to set the conditions of limited width of the fiber feeding - whether this is median or off-centered - as well as the conditions of superposition of the unitary layers, as a function of the final shape of the non-woven that is sought.
For example, to obtain an effect of thickness decreasing laterally over a larger width, the feeding can be shifted in time, in several sequences, the feeding width 1 becoming narrower from one sequence to the other. Obviously, the non-woven resulting from the superposition of the layers obtained at each sequence, will have comparatively to the example illustrated in Figure 3, a smaller width L" for the same overall width L'. It would even be possible to obtain, in this way, a substantially triangular shape, indeed even a shape in arc of circle.
The shaped non-woven according to the invention has substantially the same density of fibers throughout i~s volume.
Claims (4)
1. A method for producing a shaped non-woven, comprising the following steps:
a) feeding fibers into carding machine, in sequential manner over median portions narrowing from one sequence to another;
b) superposing layers of a fibrous web leaving said carding machine on a receiving system;
c) feeding the fibrous web over a limited width 1 of the carding machine, the width L is smaller that the width L of the receiving system, and superposing the sequentially narrowing fibrous web leaving said machine in at least ten layers and needling the superposed layers.
a) feeding fibers into carding machine, in sequential manner over median portions narrowing from one sequence to another;
b) superposing layers of a fibrous web leaving said carding machine on a receiving system;
c) feeding the fibrous web over a limited width 1 of the carding machine, the width L is smaller that the width L of the receiving system, and superposing the sequentially narrowing fibrous web leaving said machine in at least ten layers and needling the superposed layers.
2. The method of Claim 1, wherein the superposition is achieved by winding the web leaving the carding machine over a cylindrical drum.
3. The method of Claim 1 or 2, wherein the fiber feeding is controlled to reach a median portion of the carding machine.
4. The method of Claim 1 for producing a non-woven having an asymmetrical shape in cross-section, wherein said method comprises a longitudinal cutting operation substantially along the median axis and optionally along the two selvedges.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9109254A FR2679266B1 (en) | 1991-07-16 | 1991-07-16 | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING A NON-WOVEN FITTED, NON-WOVEN OBTAINED AND ITS USE. |
| FR9109254 | 1991-07-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2073260A1 true CA2073260A1 (en) | 1993-01-17 |
Family
ID=9415400
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2073260 Abandoned CA2073260A1 (en) | 1991-07-16 | 1992-07-07 | Method and device for producing a shaped non-woven, non-woven obtained and use thereof |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5325571A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0524052B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH05195398A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1049029C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE158620T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2073260A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69222377T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0524052T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2112305T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2679266B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2739873A1 (en) * | 1995-10-13 | 1997-04-18 | Autefa Holding Gmbh | Assembly to fold carded webs for nonwovens |
| FR2770855B1 (en) * | 1997-11-07 | 2000-01-28 | Asselin | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A TEXTILE TABLECLOTH |
| FR2794475B1 (en) * | 1999-06-01 | 2001-08-17 | Asselin | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE PROFILE OF A NONWOVEN TABLECLOTH AND PRODUCTION FACILITY THEREFOR |
| US6854166B2 (en) * | 2002-05-08 | 2005-02-15 | Atlantic Integrated Technologies | Insulative non-woven fabric and method for forming same |
| FR2910496B1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2009-03-13 | Asselin Thibeau Soc Par Action | METHOD OF ADJUSTING THE LOCAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A NON-WOVEN, AND PRODUCTION PLANT THEREFOR. |
| DE502007006030D1 (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2011-02-03 | Dilo Kg Maschf Oskar | Method for producing a consolidated nonwoven web |
| CN102691174B (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2014-07-09 | 青岛东佳纺机（集团）有限公司 | Production equipment for glass fiber and polypropylene nonwovens |
| JP5863692B2 (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2016-02-17 | 日本板硝子環境アメニティ株式会社 | Fabrication method of fiber mat type sound absorbing material |
| CN114232144A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-25 | 黄山佳诺化纤纺织有限公司 | Spinning carding device for chemical fiber spinning and using method thereof |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2434887A (en) * | 1946-06-14 | 1948-01-20 | George E Repass | Method of cross laying |
| CH350584A (en) * | 1956-12-14 | 1960-11-30 | Kistler & Co | Process for the continuous rolling up of bandage wadding and device for carrying out the process |
| DE2437176A1 (en) * | 1974-08-01 | 1976-02-12 | Herbert Olbrich Kg | Aerodynamic fibre felting laying machine - has adjustable walls to determine width of felting produced |
| FI61454C (en) * | 1980-12-09 | 1982-08-10 | Nokia Oy Ab | FOERFARANDE FOER STAPLING AV ETT GUMMI- ELLER PLASTBLANDNINGSBAND SAMT EN TRANSPORT- OCH LAGRINGSSTAPEL AV ETT DYLIKT BAND |
| US4404717A (en) * | 1980-12-11 | 1983-09-20 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Environmental control of needled mat production |
| JPS6483Y2 (en) * | 1981-03-13 | 1989-01-05 | ||
| FR2506672A1 (en) * | 1981-06-02 | 1982-12-03 | Lorraine Carbone | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING FRICTION DISCS |
| US4426414A (en) * | 1982-09-08 | 1984-01-17 | Beacon Manufacturing Company | Laminated non-woven fabric |
| US4790052A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1988-12-13 | Societe Europeenne De Propulsion | Process for manufacturing homogeneously needled three-dimensional structures of fibrous material |
| FR2557550B1 (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1986-05-30 | Europ Propulsion | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL REVOLUTION STRUCTURES |
| DE3522208A1 (en) * | 1984-07-18 | 1986-01-23 | Ernst Dr. Linz Fehrer | DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING FIBER PLANTS |
| FR2591240B1 (en) * | 1985-12-05 | 1988-04-01 | Brochier Sa | MULTI-LAYERED TEXTILE ARTICLE FOR PRODUCING LAMINATE MATERIALS; PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR OBTAINING IT |
| GB8600901D0 (en) * | 1986-01-15 | 1986-02-19 | Cosmopolitan Textile Co Ltd | Web-laying |
| DE3616196A1 (en) * | 1986-05-14 | 1987-11-19 | Seydel Spinnereimasch | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BRAIDING FIBER TAPES |
| US4916782A (en) * | 1987-12-14 | 1990-04-17 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | Method for making a non-woven flannel fabric |
| US4935295A (en) * | 1988-12-01 | 1990-06-19 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Needling process for spundbonded composites |
-
1991
- 1991-07-16 FR FR9109254A patent/FR2679266B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-07-06 DE DE69222377T patent/DE69222377T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-07-06 ES ES92401931T patent/ES2112305T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-07-06 EP EP92401931A patent/EP0524052B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-07-06 AT AT92401931T patent/ATE158620T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-07-06 DK DK92401931T patent/DK0524052T3/en active
- 1992-07-06 US US07/908,402 patent/US5325571A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-07-07 CA CA 2073260 patent/CA2073260A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-07-15 CN CN92108873A patent/CN1049029C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-07-16 JP JP21219592A patent/JPH05195398A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0524052A1 (en) | 1993-01-20 |
| DE69222377T2 (en) | 1998-04-16 |
| DE69222377D1 (en) | 1997-10-30 |
| US5325571A (en) | 1994-07-05 |
| FR2679266A1 (en) | 1993-01-22 |
| ES2112305T3 (en) | 1998-04-01 |
| JPH05195398A (en) | 1993-08-03 |
| ATE158620T1 (en) | 1997-10-15 |
| CN1049029C (en) | 2000-02-02 |
| DK0524052T3 (en) | 1998-05-04 |
| EP0524052B1 (en) | 1997-09-24 |
| CN1070014A (en) | 1993-03-17 |
| FR2679266B1 (en) | 1995-06-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |