CA2065538A1 - Fabrication of pressure vessels - Google Patents
Fabrication of pressure vesselsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2065538A1 CA2065538A1 CA002065538A CA2065538A CA2065538A1 CA 2065538 A1 CA2065538 A1 CA 2065538A1 CA 002065538 A CA002065538 A CA 002065538A CA 2065538 A CA2065538 A CA 2065538A CA 2065538 A1 CA2065538 A1 CA 2065538A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- cylindrical
- arcuate
- axis
- forming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
- B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
- B21D51/24—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects high-pressure containers, e.g. boilers, bottles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
- B21D22/18—Spinning using tools guided to produce the required profile
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
FABRICATION OF PRESSURE VESSELS
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An improved apparatus for the formation and production of cylindrical pressure vessels or tanks through metal spinning operations wherein the end caps of the vessels are simultaneously formed from a hollow, thin-walled cylindrical work tube rotatably supported within the apparatus. The arrangement is further designed to provide. control of the distribution of the wall thickness as well as the profile of the end cap portion of the vessel so that the knuckle area may be of controlled thickness to increase durability and performance of the tank or vessel.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An improved apparatus for the formation and production of cylindrical pressure vessels or tanks through metal spinning operations wherein the end caps of the vessels are simultaneously formed from a hollow, thin-walled cylindrical work tube rotatably supported within the apparatus. The arrangement is further designed to provide. control of the distribution of the wall thickness as well as the profile of the end cap portion of the vessel so that the knuckle area may be of controlled thickness to increase durability and performance of the tank or vessel.
Description
~J ij ~3 c~ 3 -.
E~BR-[C~TION OF PRESSIJRE V:ESS~LS
B~CKGROUND OF Tl-lE :LNVENTION
The present invention relates generally to an improved apparatus for the Eormatlon and procluct:ion o~ cylinclrical pressure vessels or t:anks through metal spinnincJ operations, and more part:icular:ly t:o -In apparatus arranged Eor the productioll of clouble-ended vessels throuyh the simultaneou~ formation and~or areat:lon oE
encl closures along a hollow, thin-walled cylindrical work tube rotatably supported within the apparatus. The apparatus oE the present invention is designed to provide and facilitate the rapid production of cdoub]e-ended pressure vesse:Ls whereby the distribution of the wall thickness of the end cap por-tion of tlle vessel may be controlled so as to provide a predetermined properly distributed wall thickness which provides zones of increased thickness where desired for durability and improved pressure vessel or tank lifetime or performance.
In the past, pressure vessels or tanks, particularly thin-walled tanks, have been typically fabricated from a central tubular cylindrical body portion to which appropriately designed end caps are secured, typically through welding operations. Such vessels have, of course, been recoynized as being suited for a wide variety of fluid re-tention applications. Because of the requirement o~
welding end caps to the cylindrical tube portion, the cost o~ labor ancl material~s in the production of pressure vessels has been a 5 significant factor in their overall cost of production.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention, an apparatus and process is provided which enables the production of double-ended vessels through the simultaneous formation of end closures along a cylindrical work tube, particularly thin-walled tubing. These end ~ 3~
closures may also be formed along the pat-tern ancl/or desicJn of the commollly acceptecl and recognized tanlcs or ve~;sels. For e~mpLe, -the apparatus oE the prasen-t invention is capable of producLny tank ends which are consis-tent with thc ASME desiyns Eor hiCJII crown, elliptical, ancl standarcl code ends, as well as non-code standar~
encls. 'rlle dlstr:Lh-ltion oE wall-thickness of the tan]c encls produced by the apparatus of the present invent:Lon may be inEluenced 50 as to provide yreater thickness at the knuckle area (the zone of smallest radius of curvature) so as to create a vessel witll yreater lo durability and extended lifetime. For example, it is recognized that the lcnuckle zone adjacent the end of a pressure vessel is typically the wea]cest point. In accordance with the apparatus of the presen-t invention, however, a tank end may be formed through a spinning technique wherein the wall thickness in the knuckle zone is made greater than the wall thickness along the remaining portions of the tank. By providing this greater thickness in the tank at and along this area, the overall features such as streng-th, reliability, and safety of the tank are improved.
As indicated, the apparatus of the present invention renders it possible to fabricate a pressure vessel or tank by a spinn:Lng technique wherein the opposed closed ends are simultaneously formed. The availability of such simultaneous treatment significantly reduces the time requlred ~or tank fabrication, inasmuch as only one heating-and~cooling cycle is required for the entire end cap fabrication operation. Additionally, the handling normally required is significantly reduced because of the simultaneous end cap Pormation capability.
Therefore, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide an improved apparatus for khe formation of tank ends through a metal spinning process wherein the tanks may be fabricated on an expedited and efficient basis, w:Lth the resultant product havincJ improved mechallical properti.es,~ aludLrlg durabilLty alld strength.
I~ ls ye-t: a ~urther ob;eat of the present invention to provide an appara-tus for the production oE double-ended pressure vessels or tanks where:Ln opposed tank ends are s.lmultaneously formed throuyh a metal spinnirlcJ opera~ion.
Thus, in accordance with the present invantion, an apparatus is provided which enables the formation and/or production of tank ends through the simultaneous spinning ~ormation o~ such ends, and wherein the spinniny operation utilizes forming rollers at opposed ends which utilize forces which may vary during an axially outwardly radially inwardly directed forming stro]ce as contrasted with an axially inwardly radially outwardly directed forming stroke. sy controlling the path and rate of motion of the forming rollers, and thus the application of forces in this fashion, it is possible to control the distribution of the wall thickness of the tank end as well as the profile thereof, and accordingly provide greater wall thickness in tha knuckle zone of the vessel, this area normally comprising the weakest point of the tank and/or vessel.
It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide an improved apparatus for the production of double-ended pressure vessels or tanks through the simultaneous formation of identically shaped or non-identically shaped end closures utiliziny metal spinning techniques, and wherein the forming rollers employed in the spinning operation are designed to move through successive strokes or motion along one or more axes, and wherein the arcuate spaciny for each of the individual strokes is controlled so as to appropriately form a tailored wall thickness profile which provides a tank end with added thickness at the knuckle portion thereof.
~ .3~r3l(l Other and further objects of the present invention will hecome apparent to those slcilled in the art ~IpOIl a study of thQ fo:l:LowlllcJ
specification, appenclecl clal.ms, and accompanylng drawincJE;.
IN T~IE DRAWIMGS
Fiyure 1 is a sicle elevatlonal view oE the apparatus o~ the present;illvelltlon, and .illustratincJ a cylindrical work tube mounted within the apparatus;
Figure 2 is an end view oE the apparatus illustrated in Figure 1, and illustrating, partially in phan-tom, the disposikion of the support rollers during the end closure Eorming operation;
Fiyure 3 is a sectional view o~ typical tank end pro~iles, alld illustra-ting the configurations thereoE;
Figure 4 is a schematic view of various positions occupied by forming rollers during the operations of the apparatus of the present invention, and further illustrating the typical arcuate paths followed during individual passes followed and/or undertaken by the forminy rollers;
Figure 5 is a side elevationaLl view o~ a portion o~ the apparatus of the present invention, and illustra-ting a fragmentary portion of a cylindrical work tube retained therewithin, with Figure 5 further illustrating details o~ the clamping means, cylindrical work tube drive means, and means for controlling the motion of the forming rollers during formation of the tank ends, and with only a fragmentary portion of the cylindrical work tube being illustrated, the balance being cut away in order to better illustrate the details of the structure;
Fiyure 6 i~ a vertical sectional view taken along the line and in -the direction oE the arrows 6-6 of Figure 5;
Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line and in the direction of the arrows 7-7 of Figure 5;
Fi~ure 8 is a vertical sectional view taken along the l:lne ~nd in the direction of the arrc)ws 8-~ of Fig-lre 7, allcl w:Lth Figllrq a being ~hown on a slicJhtly enlaryed scale;
Figur~ 9 i~ a vertical sectional view ta)cen along the line and in the direction of the arrows 9-9 o.E Fiyure 5 and illustLatilly certain Aetails of -the support ancl tlrive rinys employed i~ the appara-tus, with the drive belt beincJ removed;
Figure 10 is an elevational view of the latch mechanism employed in the support and drive ring component shown in Fiyure 9;
Figure 11~ is a further view of the grooved support and drive ring, wlth Figure 11~ being taken along the line and in the direction of the arrows 11-11 of Figure 10;
Figure llB is a view similar to Figure llA, and illustrating the timing belt drive ring arrangement employed in the apparatus of the present invention, with the drive belt being removed;
Figure 12 is a detail end view of the apparatus of the present invention, with Figure 12 being taken along the line and in the direction of the arrows 12-12 of Figure 5, with the upper portion of the cylindrical work tube being cut away, and with Figure 12 being shown on a slightly enlarged scale; and Figure 13 is a detail sectional view taken along the line and in the direction of the arrows 13-13 of Figure 12, and illustrating the features of the roller arm supporting the guicle rollers for the cylindrical work tube.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and with par-ticular attention being directed to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, the apparatus for the production of double-ended vessels generally designated lO comprises frame means 11 includiny a primary base mounting pad 12 containing an elongated -~ 3~
axial guideway or rail along with a plurality of opposed pairs of cJuideways lncludiny a first pair oE opposed gu.ldeway~ :l.3 ancl 1~, alOr)y with a secolld pair of opposed yu:Ldeways 16 and 17. '~heSQ
yuideways are g~nerally ec~ually and oppositely disposed relative t~
-the cen~er of the apparatus 10. Each of the guldewavs 13 and :l4 inc:Lude a ~er;les oP superimposed or staclced slidable plates, wi~h guideway 13 inc:l.udiny slidable plates :l3~, 13B and 13C. sim:Llarly, guideway 14 includes slidable plates 14A, 14B and 14C. .51idable plates 13~ and 14A are movable along an axis tr~,nsverse to the elongated axis oE support 11! while pla-tes 13B, 13C, 14B and 14C
are each movable along axes parallel to the elongatecl axi.s o e support 11. In order to permit full expansion oE the system to accommodate tanks of various lengths, it has been found useful to incorporate plural slidable pads movable along the same axis, such as pads or plates 13B and 13C, along with opposed pads 14B and 14C.
In this fashion, pads 13C and 14C may be used for establishing a static set-up dimensional placement for the device, while plates 13B and 14B may be utilized for establishing a fine tuning or dynamic adjustment. Heating torch articulating means 18 and 19 are provided at each end of the production apparatus 10, with the torch articulating means 18 and 19 being secured to a fir~t opposed pair of secondary base mounting pads 20 and 21. Means are provided for adjustably securing a heating torch to the articulatiny means, witl heating torches being illustrated as at 22 and 23 respectively. As will be indicated hereinafter, secondary base mounting pads 20 and 21 are arranged to support, articulate, and control the programmed movement of the tube forming rollers employed in the spinning operation.
With continued attention being directed to the heating torches, and as indicated in Figure 1, a flame is shown sc~lematically at 22~ and 23A, with these flames being direc~ed toward alld imp~ CJincJ clirectly UpOIl the s~lrface oE cylindr:Lcal work tuhe ge.lleraLly cles:LcJnated 24. Ag .Inclica~ed, flames emitted from lleating torches 22 and 23 lmpincJe upon encls port:lons 25 and 26 respectively o~ cyl:i.ndrica]. work tube 24.
W.Lth contillued attention belng dlrec~ed to FicJure 1 of the drawings, cylinclrical work tube guide arms 28 and 29 ara each secured to a second opposed pair of secondary base mountiny pads 16 and 17, with the cylindrical work tube guide means being adapted to adjustably and releasably position the cylindrical work tube 2 within the apparatus 10 As is apparent ~rom the view oE Figure 2, cylindrical work tube guide means, including guide rollers 30 and 31 are arranged to guidingly contact guide ring 32, at spaced arcuate dispositions therealong. In the end view of Figure 2, the guide riny 32 is disposed about-`the outer periphery of cylindrical work tube 24.
As is apparent in Figures 1 and 2, guideways 13 and 14 are designed for accommodating linear motion along a pair of axes, as illustrated in double-headed arrows 34-34 (Figure 1), along witll guideways 35 and 36, also illustrated in Figure 1. Thus, primary base mounting pad assemblies 13 and 14 are designed to accommodate linear or translatory motion along two axes arranged at right angles, one to the other.
The heatiny torch articulating means is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, particularly with movement available from guideways 34, 35, and 36. In this connection, both the heating torches 22 and 23, along with forming members such as forming rollers 40 and 41 are desiglled to move along those two axes for the base pads 13 and 14. Thus, the heating torch articulating means and the forming rollers move as a unit, thereby providing for ease of control of ~,~J~ ?,~, -tempera-ture of tha-t portion of the cyli.nclr:Lcal worlc tube 2~ beinc subjected to tlle metal sp:inni.llg oper.at:Lorl.
Wlth attentLon bei.ny cl.irected to Figure 2 of the drawlngs, i~
:is sometimes dee.irable -to prov:ide a means ~or rotat:lng formilly ro:Ller.s such as forming rollers 40 and 41. Variable speed motors are provided as at ~ ancl 43, wi-th the mo~or speQd being desiylled to rotate Eorming rollers 40 and 4:l to provide subs~antially matching rates of speed between the contacting surfaces of work tube 24 and forming rollers 40 and 41 regardless o~ radial disposition, thus avoidiny galling. In lieu o~ the variable speed motors 42 and ~3, a belt drive from a remote motor may be employed to rotate forming roller6 40 and 41 at appropriate speeds. ~ belt and pulley arrangement is illustrated in Figure 5, such as at 42A
and ~3A. Rollers 40 and 41 may be rotated about the vertical axis of member 42 if desired and as indicated in Figure 4.
~s is further apparent from the view of Figure 2, gulde rollers 30 and 31 are adapted to be adjustably positioned in accordance with the double-ended arrow 46. By controlling the angular disposition of guide support arms 28 and 29, the appropriate working height for work tube 24 is provided. As the angular dlsposition between guide arms 28 and 29 is increased, the tube axis is moved downwardly and laryer diameter work tubes may be introduced into the apparatus and subjected to metal spinning operations therewithin.
With continued attention being directed to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, it will be observed that cylindrical work tube drive and grippiny means are arranged as shown generally at 50, with the work tube drive and gripping means being located or positioned generally intermediate of the production apparatus 10, and between opposed pads 20 and 21. Tube drive and gripping means include a d ~ " ~
hinged guicle ring 51 in which there is recelved a ~e.gmellted or split spllr gear 52. Gear ~2 may be in tlle ~`orm ot an lnvertecl timing belt, arld is arranyed to mesh with a second year a~ at 53.
Gear 53 may also be an inver-ted t:Lming belt. ~Iydraulic motor 54 is designecl to provide the rotational energy through :lts output shaEt 55 to drLve cyL.Incler 56 withln whicll gear 53 i5 retailled . MeallS
ar~. provided for adJustab:l.y position:lng clr:Lve and gripping mean~ 50 along the axis indicated by double-ended arrow 58. Position adjusting means are shown as at 59, with this position adjustment means 59 preferably being in the form of a hydraulic cylinder having a positioning ram as at 60. The extensioll oE ram 60 will, of course, determine the position of drive gear or bPlt retaining cylinder 56. Suitable guide and frame means are provided for cylinder 59, as at 61. As is indicated, cylinder 56 is journably supported within retaining brackets 62. Cooling means such as water discharge may be used to protect the holdings means 131-131 and 133-133.
As shown in the drawings, particularly in Figure 1, heat for the spinning operation is normally provided through heating torches 22 and 23. For applications on smaller diameter vessels, a single heatiny torch at each end may prove to be adequate. In the event supplemental heat is reasonably required in the metal spinning operation, additional heating torches may be provided as at 64-64 and 65-65. A supply of gas for the auxiliary torches is further indicated as at 66 and 67. Similarly, gas supply for main heating torches 22 and 23 may be provided as at 68 and 69. Cooling means in the form of water spray jets may be positioned adjacent to tank ends for added temperature control.
Attention is now directed to Figures 5 and 6 for an explanation of the articulating and/or motion-control mechanisms _ g _ for pads 20 and 21, and accordingly formincJ rollers ~0 arld ~1, as well as the det~ils Oe the guide rollers 30 and 3:l ~see F'.kJura ~).
With respe.ct to thc g~lide roller mechanisms, :lncludiny support arms 28 and 29, -the axlal location or position of these members is made possible by mealls of the rotatably mounted threaded shaft 75 work.LncJ within n-lt -76. With aontinued reference to ~:Lyure 6, sha~t 75~ (which may be provided wlth both righ~ and le~t hand threaded portions) is designed to control the disposition of pad or plate 13C, and thus assist in the overall positioning of certain components within the assembly. Nut 76 is secured to arms 28~28, and rotation of shaft 75 in turn controls the axial disposition o~
arms 28 and 29 and rollers 30 and 31. Correspondingly, the opposed end of the system is provided with threaded shafts 77 and 77A
together with nut assemblies such as at 78 for controlling the axial disposition of support roll 31 and its mating guide roll on the opposed side of the cylinder 24. Shaft 77A (not shown) is utilized in connection with the positioning of pad or plate 14C.
Guide rolls 30 and 31, together with the corresponding pair of guide rolls (one of which is indicated at 31) adjustably cradle and support the cylinder 24 for controlled rotation about its longitudinal axis.
Turning again to the details of the positloning assembly illustrated in Figure 5, hydraulic motor 80 is coupled to threaded shaft 75 through coupling 81. Shaft 75 is mounted for rotation within bearing assembly 82, and includes an extension of threaded shaft 75 through aligning member 83. A bearing block is indicated at 84 for preventing axial motion in the rotation of shaft 75. The opposed end of shaft 75 is received within bearing block 85, and ultimately within coupling assembly generally shown at 86, along d ~ s~ i~
w.i.th coupling sleeve 87 joininy sha:et:s 75 and 77, one to the other.
second bear:incJ bloclc i5 provicled or sha~t 77 as at B~.
Thus, rotational motion of hyclraulic motor 80 causes ro~ation of oppositely threadecl sha~ts 75 and 77 -to ocaur in unison, thereby controlling ancl expedi.tiny the pos:ltioniny o~ guide rolls 31-3.1, along with i~s matiny rolls 30-30 disposed on the aonaealed port:l.on oE -the view of Figure 5.
In order to provide fine adjustment and operating motion for the forming roller 40, a computer controlled operating drive means (not shown) is provided for shaEt segment 90 coupled to threaded shaft 91 at aoupling member 92. Bearing 93 is provided to enable appropriate rotation of sha~t 91 and corresponding axial motion of secondary mounting pad 20 through nut assembly 95. An additional bearing is provided as at 96 to support the rotation of sha~t 91.
Accordingly, it will be observed that the static ad~ustment X-axis motion of forming rollers 40 and 41 is controlled through rotation of shafts 75A and 77A together with their respective mating nut assemblies.
Turning now to the detail shown in Figure 6, the Y-axis motion (99A) is created through rotation o threaded shaft 99, with rotation of threaded shaft 99 being made possible through sha~t extension 100 which is coupled to a motor (not shown). Nut assembly 101 is utilized to provide motion directly to mounting plate 102 as indicated in Figure 6. Accordingly, as the threaded shaft 99 is rotated within bearings 104 and 105, nut assembly 101 causes linear motion to occur on mounting plate 102. As is indicated, shaft 99 is disposed at right angles to shaft 91, and thus appropriate motion in desired directions may be obtained through controlled rotation of shafts 91 and 99 and their counterparts. As will be apparent, the oppositely disposed portion mounted upon and coupled to secondary base mount:lncJ pad 21 :Is a mirror :image of that arrancJemellt :illustrated in FkJure G. tn otller words, the apE~a~atus is provicled w:Lth oppositely d:L~posed palrs Oe metal spinnlng apparatus.
Appropriate proyrammed control may be couplad to the motor means utilized to dr:ive shaEts 91 ancl 99 ancl their counterparts.
See double-ended arrows 91A (Figure 5) and 99A (Figure 6) indicating this motion. By appropriately programming the motion or through the use of servo controlled motors, a family of excursions may be designed for forming roller 40. These e.xcursions are designed -to perform the neces~ary metal spinni.ny and formation opf3rations which will ultimately close the end of tube 24, and form a closed end as illustrated in phantom in Figure 1 at 106.
Attention is now directed to Figures 7 and 8 of the drawings which illustrates the drive mechanism, including the cylindrical work tube drive and gripping means 50. Frame means 110 includes upper and lower cross-members llOA and llOB. Posts llOC-llOC are provided with reinforcing gussets, as indicated for example at llOD. Appropriate corner braces are provided in order to provide overall stclbility to ~rame means 110. In this arrangement, frame means 110 supports hydraulic cylinder 111 having a slide or ram 112 coupled thereto, with cylinder 111 being, of course, a double-acting cylinder. Secured to the distal end of slide or ram 112 is a clevis arrangement 113 to which is mounted hydraulic motor 54.
Rotation of the output shaft of motor 54, as indicatecl, drives member 56 which is, in turn, in mesh with gear 52. Vertical adjustment is provided by ram 112 in order to accommodate and treat tanks of different diameters.
Attention is now directed to Figure 8 which illustrates further detalls of the drive mechanism for rotatiny the cylindrical ~ t;3~3~
work cylinder. Hydraulic motor 54 is coupled throuyh couplilly element 115 to shaEt L16 to wllich drive member l:l7 L~ arrantJad Ln fa~t rel.lt:Lollship. ~ppropriate be~rings are provided at l:L8 ancl 119 to accommocda-te rotational mo-tion oE shaft 116. A ~econdary couplincJ is provldecl along shat 116 as at 120 Eor obtaininy data from encoder 121. Encoder 121 :Ls desicJneA to provicle posit:Lon feedback data to the system, and also to provide Eor con-trollable rotational mo-tion to the components system, with suitable encoders being, of course, commercially available. In certain applications, hyclraulic cylinder 111 may be an air cylinder, if de~ired.
In orcler to appropriately program the X-Y motion o~ the forming roller 40, programmed computer servo controlled motor~ may be employed. Also, the motion control means handling the positioning of forming rollers, such as roller 40 are desirably coordinated with the rotational speed of the tank so that lineal rates of motion between the surface of the tank and roller 40 are substantially matching.
With attention now being directed to Figure 9, latch system generally designated 123 is provided in order to tightly grip drive ring 51 about the outer periphery of cylindrical work tube 24.
Latch system 123 is coupled on either side of parting line 125 i.n order to achieve appropriate gripping relationship of ring 51 about tube 24. In most instances, drive ring 51 utilizes latch member 123 with gripping element 126, and with an arcuate spacing of 5 degrees on either side of the parting line, for example, being designated as appropriate or stable gripping force. The angular relationship is illustrated in Figure 9.
With attention now being directecl to Figure 10, further details of the latch mechanism are illustrated. In this ~,d,?,~t~
arrangement it can be seen that latch system 123 incLudes a togcJle lever :l27 for achiev~ cJ appropria~e c:Losure arran~3eme~
F:igure llA illustrates the deta:L:L oE guide rlny 32. GuLcle ring 32 is provlcled with a channel æone as at 130 to receive roller supports 30-30 and 31-31 therewithin. Guicle rings 32-32 alony with rollers such as at 30-30 and 31-3~ complete that porti.otl o~ the as~embly. ~uitable o~r:Lnys are provided, such ~s at 13:L for providing resilient gripping between member 32 and the outer periphery of cylinder tube 24. Latchiny mechanism 123 is illus-trated in both Figures llA and llB. For operat:ional expediency, only one guide ring of the type shown in this Figure llA need be employed, with the second or opposed guide being in the form of a flat ring or short cylinder, without flanges 32A-32A
being required to be pr~sent. Of course, for stability of operation, it may in certain instances be desirable to utilize a dual set of flanyed members such as are illustrated at 32-32 in Figure 1.
Figure llB is similar to Figure llA, but illustrating the detail of drive ring 51. Drive ring 51 may be provided with spur gear or timing belt 52 about the outer periphery thereof, with belt 52 being a timing belt with the drive teeth turned out. A latch mechanism such as shown generally at 123 is provided in a manner similar to that shown in Figure 9, with a small access hole being cut out of the gear or belt. Also, O-rings are provided as at 133-133 to achieve appropriate snug gripping between drive ring 51 and the outer periphery of cylinder tube 24.
It has been observed that the arranyement o~ the present invention renders it possible to work wikh cylindrical work tubes of different diameters. For example, tube 24 may have a diameter ranging from between about 12" and 30", with larger or smaller tubes being appropriate as well. ~ccordincJly, drive ring 51 along with other support rings, such as rincJ 32 may be ~bricated in a family of rings so as to render it possible to work with tube~ o~
cliEferent cllameter. Thus, cylinder 59 may be utlliz~d to both adjustably accommodate the tubes being treaked, as well a~ to mainta~ a drLve force Oll the surEace O.e the tube so as to achieve constant, predictable, and rellab:le ro-tation thereof. Such rota-tion is, of course, desired in view of the manner :Ln which force i5 applied to the forming rollers as they move across the metallic work being spun and/or rotated.
Attention is now directed to Figure 12 oE the drawinys wherein the support arrangement for the cylinder tube 24 i5 ShOWIl.
Specifically, support rollers 30 and 31 are designed to provide a cradle mechanism for the tube 24, and the arcuate spacing between support rollers 30 and 31 is controlled by a pair of right-hand and left-hand threaded shafts 135 and 136. Shafts 135 and 136 are right-hand and left-hand threaded segments respectively, and are joined together at coupling 137. Bearing blocks are provided as at 138-138 for shaft segment 135, and at 139-139 for shaft segment 136. Nut assemblies are provided as at 140-140 to provide appropriate spacing, and thus angular disposition, with pin retention slots being provided at 141-141 to achieve angular control of arms 28 and 29.
Attention is now directed to Figure 13 of the drawings wherein a further view of the details of the system described in Figure 12 are illustrated. In the arrangement of Figure 13, arm 29 is designed to pivot about its mount 144 and thus achieve appropriate location to provide cradle support for cylindrical work tube 24.
Att~ntion is now directed to Figure 4 of the drawings wherein a typical family of curves are provided for illustrating the traver~ing ancl/or .sweeping routes of travel of cyl:inclrlcal. worlc t.~lbe rorm~llcJ rol.Lers ~1() and ~ Ln tlle ~chemal~.Lc l:L~ trakLol) Or Flgure 4, formincJ roller 40 typlcally trave:ls about an arcuate path from a point aloncJ the ou-ter periphery o e tube 24 to the termlnation of Pass Mo. 1, where indicated. PaGs No. 1 is achieved on a 15" radius, with the~ motion and other movement of. forml.ny roller 40 beiny achieved by combined and coordinated movement oE
the X and Y axes control. For Pass ~o. 2, forming roller 40 -traverses the path or track identified as Pass No. 2 for return to a position adjacellt the outer periphery of tube 29. Similarly, further passe~ are made, as indicated, until the Einal pass is achieved as defined along Pass No. 11~ ~ 30" radius is normally utilized at Pass No. 11, in order to achieve the appropriate configuration for the tank end. The knuckle zone is designed, for a vessel of 30" diameter to be 3/4", as indicated in Figure 4.
In the event it is desired to employ a modified tilt angle for forming roller 40 as about vertical axis 42, this may be achieved as shown in phantom in Figure 4. A tilt angle of lo degrees may, in certain ins-tances, provide enhance.d performance of the system.
In the event continuous duty apparatus is contemplated, it may in certain in~tances be desirable to provide a liquid coolant for the forminy rollers, including forming roller 40. Liquid coolant may be interposed into the confines of forming roller 40 so as to achieve cooling as desired. In this arrangement, suitable rotary couplings are provided in order to preserve the flow of liquid coolant such as water through the interior of the forming roll.ers, such as forming roller 40. In order to form the final closure alony the axis of the tank at opposed ends thereof, a conventional gas torch may be utilized to heat the metal at and along the juncture point, whereupon the metal flows inwardly to seal the tank ~"i~3~
closure tiyht. Such techniques are., of course, known in the art and are commonly practiced by sk:illed artlsalls.
By way of summary and conclusion, thereforQ, it w.Lll be appreciated that the apparatus illustrated alld descrlbed hereinabove provides a means Eor achieving formation oE tank ends .Eor cylindrical pressure vessels by utilizing the tank material from an oriyillal cyl:i.ndriaa]. tube. The sequent:Lal excu~sion~. or sweep.ing of the forming rollers as indicated in Fiyure 4 are undertaken on a basis that the force applied to the forming rollers during a stroke moving axially outwardly may be more or less or equal to that applied duriny a s-troke moviny axially inwardly o:f the tube beiny treated. In this fashion, a substan~ial portion o.~
the i.nwardly directed arcuate strokes will be unde.rtaken at a rate which is either yreater, less than, or equal to that applied during the axially outwardly directed stroke. By controlled programminy of the motion or position of pads 40, or forcas applied thereto and temperature of the work, control and distribution of the metal thickness in the head area may be achieved, particularly in the knuckle area illustrated at 148 in Figure 4. Rotational rates of speed for the work (tank) may be varied to maintain a substantially matching rate of speed at the ~orminy roller-tank surface interface. Increasing the rotational velocity of the tank as the forminy roller 40 moves radially inwardly achieves this result ancl also increases production rates throuyh a reduction in cycle time.
It will be appreciated, therefore~ that the details provided herein are yiven for purposes of illustration only and not to be construed as a limitation upon the scope of the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
E~BR-[C~TION OF PRESSIJRE V:ESS~LS
B~CKGROUND OF Tl-lE :LNVENTION
The present invention relates generally to an improved apparatus for the Eormatlon and procluct:ion o~ cylinclrical pressure vessels or t:anks through metal spinnincJ operations, and more part:icular:ly t:o -In apparatus arranged Eor the productioll of clouble-ended vessels throuyh the simultaneou~ formation and~or areat:lon oE
encl closures along a hollow, thin-walled cylindrical work tube rotatably supported within the apparatus. The apparatus oE the present invention is designed to provide and facilitate the rapid production of cdoub]e-ended pressure vesse:Ls whereby the distribution of the wall thickness of the end cap por-tion of tlle vessel may be controlled so as to provide a predetermined properly distributed wall thickness which provides zones of increased thickness where desired for durability and improved pressure vessel or tank lifetime or performance.
In the past, pressure vessels or tanks, particularly thin-walled tanks, have been typically fabricated from a central tubular cylindrical body portion to which appropriately designed end caps are secured, typically through welding operations. Such vessels have, of course, been recoynized as being suited for a wide variety of fluid re-tention applications. Because of the requirement o~
welding end caps to the cylindrical tube portion, the cost o~ labor ancl material~s in the production of pressure vessels has been a 5 significant factor in their overall cost of production.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention, an apparatus and process is provided which enables the production of double-ended vessels through the simultaneous formation of end closures along a cylindrical work tube, particularly thin-walled tubing. These end ~ 3~
closures may also be formed along the pat-tern ancl/or desicJn of the commollly acceptecl and recognized tanlcs or ve~;sels. For e~mpLe, -the apparatus oE the prasen-t invention is capable of producLny tank ends which are consis-tent with thc ASME desiyns Eor hiCJII crown, elliptical, ancl standarcl code ends, as well as non-code standar~
encls. 'rlle dlstr:Lh-ltion oE wall-thickness of the tan]c encls produced by the apparatus of the present invent:Lon may be inEluenced 50 as to provide yreater thickness at the knuckle area (the zone of smallest radius of curvature) so as to create a vessel witll yreater lo durability and extended lifetime. For example, it is recognized that the lcnuckle zone adjacent the end of a pressure vessel is typically the wea]cest point. In accordance with the apparatus of the presen-t invention, however, a tank end may be formed through a spinning technique wherein the wall thickness in the knuckle zone is made greater than the wall thickness along the remaining portions of the tank. By providing this greater thickness in the tank at and along this area, the overall features such as streng-th, reliability, and safety of the tank are improved.
As indicated, the apparatus of the present invention renders it possible to fabricate a pressure vessel or tank by a spinn:Lng technique wherein the opposed closed ends are simultaneously formed. The availability of such simultaneous treatment significantly reduces the time requlred ~or tank fabrication, inasmuch as only one heating-and~cooling cycle is required for the entire end cap fabrication operation. Additionally, the handling normally required is significantly reduced because of the simultaneous end cap Pormation capability.
Therefore, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide an improved apparatus for khe formation of tank ends through a metal spinning process wherein the tanks may be fabricated on an expedited and efficient basis, w:Lth the resultant product havincJ improved mechallical properti.es,~ aludLrlg durabilLty alld strength.
I~ ls ye-t: a ~urther ob;eat of the present invention to provide an appara-tus for the production oE double-ended pressure vessels or tanks where:Ln opposed tank ends are s.lmultaneously formed throuyh a metal spinnirlcJ opera~ion.
Thus, in accordance with the present invantion, an apparatus is provided which enables the formation and/or production of tank ends through the simultaneous spinning ~ormation o~ such ends, and wherein the spinniny operation utilizes forming rollers at opposed ends which utilize forces which may vary during an axially outwardly radially inwardly directed forming stro]ce as contrasted with an axially inwardly radially outwardly directed forming stroke. sy controlling the path and rate of motion of the forming rollers, and thus the application of forces in this fashion, it is possible to control the distribution of the wall thickness of the tank end as well as the profile thereof, and accordingly provide greater wall thickness in tha knuckle zone of the vessel, this area normally comprising the weakest point of the tank and/or vessel.
It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide an improved apparatus for the production of double-ended pressure vessels or tanks through the simultaneous formation of identically shaped or non-identically shaped end closures utiliziny metal spinning techniques, and wherein the forming rollers employed in the spinning operation are designed to move through successive strokes or motion along one or more axes, and wherein the arcuate spaciny for each of the individual strokes is controlled so as to appropriately form a tailored wall thickness profile which provides a tank end with added thickness at the knuckle portion thereof.
~ .3~r3l(l Other and further objects of the present invention will hecome apparent to those slcilled in the art ~IpOIl a study of thQ fo:l:LowlllcJ
specification, appenclecl clal.ms, and accompanylng drawincJE;.
IN T~IE DRAWIMGS
Fiyure 1 is a sicle elevatlonal view oE the apparatus o~ the present;illvelltlon, and .illustratincJ a cylindrical work tube mounted within the apparatus;
Figure 2 is an end view oE the apparatus illustrated in Figure 1, and illustrating, partially in phan-tom, the disposikion of the support rollers during the end closure Eorming operation;
Fiyure 3 is a sectional view o~ typical tank end pro~iles, alld illustra-ting the configurations thereoE;
Figure 4 is a schematic view of various positions occupied by forming rollers during the operations of the apparatus of the present invention, and further illustrating the typical arcuate paths followed during individual passes followed and/or undertaken by the forminy rollers;
Figure 5 is a side elevationaLl view o~ a portion o~ the apparatus of the present invention, and illustra-ting a fragmentary portion of a cylindrical work tube retained therewithin, with Figure 5 further illustrating details o~ the clamping means, cylindrical work tube drive means, and means for controlling the motion of the forming rollers during formation of the tank ends, and with only a fragmentary portion of the cylindrical work tube being illustrated, the balance being cut away in order to better illustrate the details of the structure;
Fiyure 6 i~ a vertical sectional view taken along the line and in -the direction oE the arrows 6-6 of Figure 5;
Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line and in the direction of the arrows 7-7 of Figure 5;
Fi~ure 8 is a vertical sectional view taken along the l:lne ~nd in the direction of the arrc)ws 8-~ of Fig-lre 7, allcl w:Lth Figllrq a being ~hown on a slicJhtly enlaryed scale;
Figur~ 9 i~ a vertical sectional view ta)cen along the line and in the direction of the arrows 9-9 o.E Fiyure 5 and illustLatilly certain Aetails of -the support ancl tlrive rinys employed i~ the appara-tus, with the drive belt beincJ removed;
Figure 10 is an elevational view of the latch mechanism employed in the support and drive ring component shown in Fiyure 9;
Figure 11~ is a further view of the grooved support and drive ring, wlth Figure 11~ being taken along the line and in the direction of the arrows 11-11 of Figure 10;
Figure llB is a view similar to Figure llA, and illustrating the timing belt drive ring arrangement employed in the apparatus of the present invention, with the drive belt being removed;
Figure 12 is a detail end view of the apparatus of the present invention, with Figure 12 being taken along the line and in the direction of the arrows 12-12 of Figure 5, with the upper portion of the cylindrical work tube being cut away, and with Figure 12 being shown on a slightly enlarged scale; and Figure 13 is a detail sectional view taken along the line and in the direction of the arrows 13-13 of Figure 12, and illustrating the features of the roller arm supporting the guicle rollers for the cylindrical work tube.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and with par-ticular attention being directed to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, the apparatus for the production of double-ended vessels generally designated lO comprises frame means 11 includiny a primary base mounting pad 12 containing an elongated -~ 3~
axial guideway or rail along with a plurality of opposed pairs of cJuideways lncludiny a first pair oE opposed gu.ldeway~ :l.3 ancl 1~, alOr)y with a secolld pair of opposed yu:Ldeways 16 and 17. '~heSQ
yuideways are g~nerally ec~ually and oppositely disposed relative t~
-the cen~er of the apparatus 10. Each of the guldewavs 13 and :l4 inc:Lude a ~er;les oP superimposed or staclced slidable plates, wi~h guideway 13 inc:l.udiny slidable plates :l3~, 13B and 13C. sim:Llarly, guideway 14 includes slidable plates 14A, 14B and 14C. .51idable plates 13~ and 14A are movable along an axis tr~,nsverse to the elongated axis oE support 11! while pla-tes 13B, 13C, 14B and 14C
are each movable along axes parallel to the elongatecl axi.s o e support 11. In order to permit full expansion oE the system to accommodate tanks of various lengths, it has been found useful to incorporate plural slidable pads movable along the same axis, such as pads or plates 13B and 13C, along with opposed pads 14B and 14C.
In this fashion, pads 13C and 14C may be used for establishing a static set-up dimensional placement for the device, while plates 13B and 14B may be utilized for establishing a fine tuning or dynamic adjustment. Heating torch articulating means 18 and 19 are provided at each end of the production apparatus 10, with the torch articulating means 18 and 19 being secured to a fir~t opposed pair of secondary base mounting pads 20 and 21. Means are provided for adjustably securing a heating torch to the articulatiny means, witl heating torches being illustrated as at 22 and 23 respectively. As will be indicated hereinafter, secondary base mounting pads 20 and 21 are arranged to support, articulate, and control the programmed movement of the tube forming rollers employed in the spinning operation.
With continued attention being directed to the heating torches, and as indicated in Figure 1, a flame is shown sc~lematically at 22~ and 23A, with these flames being direc~ed toward alld imp~ CJincJ clirectly UpOIl the s~lrface oE cylindr:Lcal work tuhe ge.lleraLly cles:LcJnated 24. Ag .Inclica~ed, flames emitted from lleating torches 22 and 23 lmpincJe upon encls port:lons 25 and 26 respectively o~ cyl:i.ndrica]. work tube 24.
W.Lth contillued attention belng dlrec~ed to FicJure 1 of the drawings, cylinclrical work tube guide arms 28 and 29 ara each secured to a second opposed pair of secondary base mountiny pads 16 and 17, with the cylindrical work tube guide means being adapted to adjustably and releasably position the cylindrical work tube 2 within the apparatus 10 As is apparent ~rom the view oE Figure 2, cylindrical work tube guide means, including guide rollers 30 and 31 are arranged to guidingly contact guide ring 32, at spaced arcuate dispositions therealong. In the end view of Figure 2, the guide riny 32 is disposed about-`the outer periphery of cylindrical work tube 24.
As is apparent in Figures 1 and 2, guideways 13 and 14 are designed for accommodating linear motion along a pair of axes, as illustrated in double-headed arrows 34-34 (Figure 1), along witll guideways 35 and 36, also illustrated in Figure 1. Thus, primary base mounting pad assemblies 13 and 14 are designed to accommodate linear or translatory motion along two axes arranged at right angles, one to the other.
The heatiny torch articulating means is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, particularly with movement available from guideways 34, 35, and 36. In this connection, both the heating torches 22 and 23, along with forming members such as forming rollers 40 and 41 are desiglled to move along those two axes for the base pads 13 and 14. Thus, the heating torch articulating means and the forming rollers move as a unit, thereby providing for ease of control of ~,~J~ ?,~, -tempera-ture of tha-t portion of the cyli.nclr:Lcal worlc tube 2~ beinc subjected to tlle metal sp:inni.llg oper.at:Lorl.
Wlth attentLon bei.ny cl.irected to Figure 2 of the drawlngs, i~
:is sometimes dee.irable -to prov:ide a means ~or rotat:lng formilly ro:Ller.s such as forming rollers 40 and 41. Variable speed motors are provided as at ~ ancl 43, wi-th the mo~or speQd being desiylled to rotate Eorming rollers 40 and 4:l to provide subs~antially matching rates of speed between the contacting surfaces of work tube 24 and forming rollers 40 and 41 regardless o~ radial disposition, thus avoidiny galling. In lieu o~ the variable speed motors 42 and ~3, a belt drive from a remote motor may be employed to rotate forming roller6 40 and 41 at appropriate speeds. ~ belt and pulley arrangement is illustrated in Figure 5, such as at 42A
and ~3A. Rollers 40 and 41 may be rotated about the vertical axis of member 42 if desired and as indicated in Figure 4.
~s is further apparent from the view of Figure 2, gulde rollers 30 and 31 are adapted to be adjustably positioned in accordance with the double-ended arrow 46. By controlling the angular disposition of guide support arms 28 and 29, the appropriate working height for work tube 24 is provided. As the angular dlsposition between guide arms 28 and 29 is increased, the tube axis is moved downwardly and laryer diameter work tubes may be introduced into the apparatus and subjected to metal spinning operations therewithin.
With continued attention being directed to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, it will be observed that cylindrical work tube drive and grippiny means are arranged as shown generally at 50, with the work tube drive and gripping means being located or positioned generally intermediate of the production apparatus 10, and between opposed pads 20 and 21. Tube drive and gripping means include a d ~ " ~
hinged guicle ring 51 in which there is recelved a ~e.gmellted or split spllr gear 52. Gear ~2 may be in tlle ~`orm ot an lnvertecl timing belt, arld is arranyed to mesh with a second year a~ at 53.
Gear 53 may also be an inver-ted t:Lming belt. ~Iydraulic motor 54 is designecl to provide the rotational energy through :lts output shaEt 55 to drLve cyL.Incler 56 withln whicll gear 53 i5 retailled . MeallS
ar~. provided for adJustab:l.y position:lng clr:Lve and gripping mean~ 50 along the axis indicated by double-ended arrow 58. Position adjusting means are shown as at 59, with this position adjustment means 59 preferably being in the form of a hydraulic cylinder having a positioning ram as at 60. The extensioll oE ram 60 will, of course, determine the position of drive gear or bPlt retaining cylinder 56. Suitable guide and frame means are provided for cylinder 59, as at 61. As is indicated, cylinder 56 is journably supported within retaining brackets 62. Cooling means such as water discharge may be used to protect the holdings means 131-131 and 133-133.
As shown in the drawings, particularly in Figure 1, heat for the spinning operation is normally provided through heating torches 22 and 23. For applications on smaller diameter vessels, a single heatiny torch at each end may prove to be adequate. In the event supplemental heat is reasonably required in the metal spinning operation, additional heating torches may be provided as at 64-64 and 65-65. A supply of gas for the auxiliary torches is further indicated as at 66 and 67. Similarly, gas supply for main heating torches 22 and 23 may be provided as at 68 and 69. Cooling means in the form of water spray jets may be positioned adjacent to tank ends for added temperature control.
Attention is now directed to Figures 5 and 6 for an explanation of the articulating and/or motion-control mechanisms _ g _ for pads 20 and 21, and accordingly formincJ rollers ~0 arld ~1, as well as the det~ils Oe the guide rollers 30 and 3:l ~see F'.kJura ~).
With respe.ct to thc g~lide roller mechanisms, :lncludiny support arms 28 and 29, -the axlal location or position of these members is made possible by mealls of the rotatably mounted threaded shaft 75 work.LncJ within n-lt -76. With aontinued reference to ~:Lyure 6, sha~t 75~ (which may be provided wlth both righ~ and le~t hand threaded portions) is designed to control the disposition of pad or plate 13C, and thus assist in the overall positioning of certain components within the assembly. Nut 76 is secured to arms 28~28, and rotation of shaft 75 in turn controls the axial disposition o~
arms 28 and 29 and rollers 30 and 31. Correspondingly, the opposed end of the system is provided with threaded shafts 77 and 77A
together with nut assemblies such as at 78 for controlling the axial disposition of support roll 31 and its mating guide roll on the opposed side of the cylinder 24. Shaft 77A (not shown) is utilized in connection with the positioning of pad or plate 14C.
Guide rolls 30 and 31, together with the corresponding pair of guide rolls (one of which is indicated at 31) adjustably cradle and support the cylinder 24 for controlled rotation about its longitudinal axis.
Turning again to the details of the positloning assembly illustrated in Figure 5, hydraulic motor 80 is coupled to threaded shaft 75 through coupling 81. Shaft 75 is mounted for rotation within bearing assembly 82, and includes an extension of threaded shaft 75 through aligning member 83. A bearing block is indicated at 84 for preventing axial motion in the rotation of shaft 75. The opposed end of shaft 75 is received within bearing block 85, and ultimately within coupling assembly generally shown at 86, along d ~ s~ i~
w.i.th coupling sleeve 87 joininy sha:et:s 75 and 77, one to the other.
second bear:incJ bloclc i5 provicled or sha~t 77 as at B~.
Thus, rotational motion of hyclraulic motor 80 causes ro~ation of oppositely threadecl sha~ts 75 and 77 -to ocaur in unison, thereby controlling ancl expedi.tiny the pos:ltioniny o~ guide rolls 31-3.1, along with i~s matiny rolls 30-30 disposed on the aonaealed port:l.on oE -the view of Figure 5.
In order to provide fine adjustment and operating motion for the forming roller 40, a computer controlled operating drive means (not shown) is provided for shaEt segment 90 coupled to threaded shaft 91 at aoupling member 92. Bearing 93 is provided to enable appropriate rotation of sha~t 91 and corresponding axial motion of secondary mounting pad 20 through nut assembly 95. An additional bearing is provided as at 96 to support the rotation of sha~t 91.
Accordingly, it will be observed that the static ad~ustment X-axis motion of forming rollers 40 and 41 is controlled through rotation of shafts 75A and 77A together with their respective mating nut assemblies.
Turning now to the detail shown in Figure 6, the Y-axis motion (99A) is created through rotation o threaded shaft 99, with rotation of threaded shaft 99 being made possible through sha~t extension 100 which is coupled to a motor (not shown). Nut assembly 101 is utilized to provide motion directly to mounting plate 102 as indicated in Figure 6. Accordingly, as the threaded shaft 99 is rotated within bearings 104 and 105, nut assembly 101 causes linear motion to occur on mounting plate 102. As is indicated, shaft 99 is disposed at right angles to shaft 91, and thus appropriate motion in desired directions may be obtained through controlled rotation of shafts 91 and 99 and their counterparts. As will be apparent, the oppositely disposed portion mounted upon and coupled to secondary base mount:lncJ pad 21 :Is a mirror :image of that arrancJemellt :illustrated in FkJure G. tn otller words, the apE~a~atus is provicled w:Lth oppositely d:L~posed palrs Oe metal spinnlng apparatus.
Appropriate proyrammed control may be couplad to the motor means utilized to dr:ive shaEts 91 ancl 99 ancl their counterparts.
See double-ended arrows 91A (Figure 5) and 99A (Figure 6) indicating this motion. By appropriately programming the motion or through the use of servo controlled motors, a family of excursions may be designed for forming roller 40. These e.xcursions are designed -to perform the neces~ary metal spinni.ny and formation opf3rations which will ultimately close the end of tube 24, and form a closed end as illustrated in phantom in Figure 1 at 106.
Attention is now directed to Figures 7 and 8 of the drawings which illustrates the drive mechanism, including the cylindrical work tube drive and gripping means 50. Frame means 110 includes upper and lower cross-members llOA and llOB. Posts llOC-llOC are provided with reinforcing gussets, as indicated for example at llOD. Appropriate corner braces are provided in order to provide overall stclbility to ~rame means 110. In this arrangement, frame means 110 supports hydraulic cylinder 111 having a slide or ram 112 coupled thereto, with cylinder 111 being, of course, a double-acting cylinder. Secured to the distal end of slide or ram 112 is a clevis arrangement 113 to which is mounted hydraulic motor 54.
Rotation of the output shaft of motor 54, as indicatecl, drives member 56 which is, in turn, in mesh with gear 52. Vertical adjustment is provided by ram 112 in order to accommodate and treat tanks of different diameters.
Attention is now directed to Figure 8 which illustrates further detalls of the drive mechanism for rotatiny the cylindrical ~ t;3~3~
work cylinder. Hydraulic motor 54 is coupled throuyh couplilly element 115 to shaEt L16 to wllich drive member l:l7 L~ arrantJad Ln fa~t rel.lt:Lollship. ~ppropriate be~rings are provided at l:L8 ancl 119 to accommocda-te rotational mo-tion oE shaft 116. A ~econdary couplincJ is provldecl along shat 116 as at 120 Eor obtaininy data from encoder 121. Encoder 121 :Ls desicJneA to provicle posit:Lon feedback data to the system, and also to provide Eor con-trollable rotational mo-tion to the components system, with suitable encoders being, of course, commercially available. In certain applications, hyclraulic cylinder 111 may be an air cylinder, if de~ired.
In orcler to appropriately program the X-Y motion o~ the forming roller 40, programmed computer servo controlled motor~ may be employed. Also, the motion control means handling the positioning of forming rollers, such as roller 40 are desirably coordinated with the rotational speed of the tank so that lineal rates of motion between the surface of the tank and roller 40 are substantially matching.
With attention now being directed to Figure 9, latch system generally designated 123 is provided in order to tightly grip drive ring 51 about the outer periphery of cylindrical work tube 24.
Latch system 123 is coupled on either side of parting line 125 i.n order to achieve appropriate gripping relationship of ring 51 about tube 24. In most instances, drive ring 51 utilizes latch member 123 with gripping element 126, and with an arcuate spacing of 5 degrees on either side of the parting line, for example, being designated as appropriate or stable gripping force. The angular relationship is illustrated in Figure 9.
With attention now being directecl to Figure 10, further details of the latch mechanism are illustrated. In this ~,d,?,~t~
arrangement it can be seen that latch system 123 incLudes a togcJle lever :l27 for achiev~ cJ appropria~e c:Losure arran~3eme~
F:igure llA illustrates the deta:L:L oE guide rlny 32. GuLcle ring 32 is provlcled with a channel æone as at 130 to receive roller supports 30-30 and 31-31 therewithin. Guicle rings 32-32 alony with rollers such as at 30-30 and 31-3~ complete that porti.otl o~ the as~embly. ~uitable o~r:Lnys are provided, such ~s at 13:L for providing resilient gripping between member 32 and the outer periphery of cylinder tube 24. Latchiny mechanism 123 is illus-trated in both Figures llA and llB. For operat:ional expediency, only one guide ring of the type shown in this Figure llA need be employed, with the second or opposed guide being in the form of a flat ring or short cylinder, without flanges 32A-32A
being required to be pr~sent. Of course, for stability of operation, it may in certain instances be desirable to utilize a dual set of flanyed members such as are illustrated at 32-32 in Figure 1.
Figure llB is similar to Figure llA, but illustrating the detail of drive ring 51. Drive ring 51 may be provided with spur gear or timing belt 52 about the outer periphery thereof, with belt 52 being a timing belt with the drive teeth turned out. A latch mechanism such as shown generally at 123 is provided in a manner similar to that shown in Figure 9, with a small access hole being cut out of the gear or belt. Also, O-rings are provided as at 133-133 to achieve appropriate snug gripping between drive ring 51 and the outer periphery of cylinder tube 24.
It has been observed that the arranyement o~ the present invention renders it possible to work wikh cylindrical work tubes of different diameters. For example, tube 24 may have a diameter ranging from between about 12" and 30", with larger or smaller tubes being appropriate as well. ~ccordincJly, drive ring 51 along with other support rings, such as rincJ 32 may be ~bricated in a family of rings so as to render it possible to work with tube~ o~
cliEferent cllameter. Thus, cylinder 59 may be utlliz~d to both adjustably accommodate the tubes being treaked, as well a~ to mainta~ a drLve force Oll the surEace O.e the tube so as to achieve constant, predictable, and rellab:le ro-tation thereof. Such rota-tion is, of course, desired in view of the manner :Ln which force i5 applied to the forming rollers as they move across the metallic work being spun and/or rotated.
Attention is now directed to Figure 12 oE the drawinys wherein the support arrangement for the cylinder tube 24 i5 ShOWIl.
Specifically, support rollers 30 and 31 are designed to provide a cradle mechanism for the tube 24, and the arcuate spacing between support rollers 30 and 31 is controlled by a pair of right-hand and left-hand threaded shafts 135 and 136. Shafts 135 and 136 are right-hand and left-hand threaded segments respectively, and are joined together at coupling 137. Bearing blocks are provided as at 138-138 for shaft segment 135, and at 139-139 for shaft segment 136. Nut assemblies are provided as at 140-140 to provide appropriate spacing, and thus angular disposition, with pin retention slots being provided at 141-141 to achieve angular control of arms 28 and 29.
Attention is now directed to Figure 13 of the drawings wherein a further view of the details of the system described in Figure 12 are illustrated. In the arrangement of Figure 13, arm 29 is designed to pivot about its mount 144 and thus achieve appropriate location to provide cradle support for cylindrical work tube 24.
Att~ntion is now directed to Figure 4 of the drawings wherein a typical family of curves are provided for illustrating the traver~ing ancl/or .sweeping routes of travel of cyl:inclrlcal. worlc t.~lbe rorm~llcJ rol.Lers ~1() and ~ Ln tlle ~chemal~.Lc l:L~ trakLol) Or Flgure 4, formincJ roller 40 typlcally trave:ls about an arcuate path from a point aloncJ the ou-ter periphery o e tube 24 to the termlnation of Pass Mo. 1, where indicated. PaGs No. 1 is achieved on a 15" radius, with the~ motion and other movement of. forml.ny roller 40 beiny achieved by combined and coordinated movement oE
the X and Y axes control. For Pass ~o. 2, forming roller 40 -traverses the path or track identified as Pass No. 2 for return to a position adjacellt the outer periphery of tube 29. Similarly, further passe~ are made, as indicated, until the Einal pass is achieved as defined along Pass No. 11~ ~ 30" radius is normally utilized at Pass No. 11, in order to achieve the appropriate configuration for the tank end. The knuckle zone is designed, for a vessel of 30" diameter to be 3/4", as indicated in Figure 4.
In the event it is desired to employ a modified tilt angle for forming roller 40 as about vertical axis 42, this may be achieved as shown in phantom in Figure 4. A tilt angle of lo degrees may, in certain ins-tances, provide enhance.d performance of the system.
In the event continuous duty apparatus is contemplated, it may in certain in~tances be desirable to provide a liquid coolant for the forminy rollers, including forming roller 40. Liquid coolant may be interposed into the confines of forming roller 40 so as to achieve cooling as desired. In this arrangement, suitable rotary couplings are provided in order to preserve the flow of liquid coolant such as water through the interior of the forming roll.ers, such as forming roller 40. In order to form the final closure alony the axis of the tank at opposed ends thereof, a conventional gas torch may be utilized to heat the metal at and along the juncture point, whereupon the metal flows inwardly to seal the tank ~"i~3~
closure tiyht. Such techniques are., of course, known in the art and are commonly practiced by sk:illed artlsalls.
By way of summary and conclusion, thereforQ, it w.Lll be appreciated that the apparatus illustrated alld descrlbed hereinabove provides a means Eor achieving formation oE tank ends .Eor cylindrical pressure vessels by utilizing the tank material from an oriyillal cyl:i.ndriaa]. tube. The sequent:Lal excu~sion~. or sweep.ing of the forming rollers as indicated in Fiyure 4 are undertaken on a basis that the force applied to the forming rollers during a stroke moving axially outwardly may be more or less or equal to that applied duriny a s-troke moviny axially inwardly o:f the tube beiny treated. In this fashion, a substan~ial portion o.~
the i.nwardly directed arcuate strokes will be unde.rtaken at a rate which is either yreater, less than, or equal to that applied during the axially outwardly directed stroke. By controlled programminy of the motion or position of pads 40, or forcas applied thereto and temperature of the work, control and distribution of the metal thickness in the head area may be achieved, particularly in the knuckle area illustrated at 148 in Figure 4. Rotational rates of speed for the work (tank) may be varied to maintain a substantially matching rate of speed at the ~orminy roller-tank surface interface. Increasing the rotational velocity of the tank as the forminy roller 40 moves radially inwardly achieves this result ancl also increases production rates throuyh a reduction in cycle time.
It will be appreciated, therefore~ that the details provided herein are yiven for purposes of illustration only and not to be construed as a limitation upon the scope of the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
Claims (10)
1. Apparatus for the production of double-ended vessels through the simultaneous formation of end closures to a cylindrical work tube and comprising:
(a) frame means including a primary base mounting pad, a plurality of opposed pairs of guideways mounted upon said base pad for accommodating linear motion along at least one axis and with each guideway having a secondary base mounting pad thereon;
(b) heating source means and means for adjustably positioning said heating source relative to said work tube;
(c) cylindrical work tube guide means secured to each of an opposed pair of secondary base mounting pads for adjustably and releasably placing a cylindrical work tube thereon and having means for accommodating rotation of a cylindrical work tube about its tubular axis;
(d) cylindrical work tube drive and gripping means arranged along said work tube intermediate said secondary base mounting pads for providing rotation of said cylindrical work tube disposed within said cylindrical work tube guide means;
(e) cylindrical work tube forming rollers secured to a third opposed pair of said secondary base mounting pads and being provided with means for movement of said forming rollers along a plurality of arcuate stroking paths between proximal, distal, and radially inwardly and outwardly disposed end points relative to said tubular axis and with said arcuate paths traveling along one of a predetermined series of arcuately spaced-apart paths with certain successive arcuate paths of travel of said predetermined series converging upon said tubular axis toward the distal end point thereof; and (f) means for adjusting the arcuate spacing of successive strokes of motion wherein the arcuate spacing for each individual stroke of axial outwardly radially inwardly directed motion and the magnitude of force applied to said forming rollers is selectively different from its preceding axially inwardly radially outwardly directed stroke, the arrangement being such that the motion applied to said forming rollers during a substantial portion of said axially inwardly radially outwardly directed arcuate strokes is controllably related to that of its immediate preceding axially outwardly radially inwardly directed arcuate stroke by always being greater than, less than, or equal to that of said immediately preceding axially outwardly radially inwardly directed arcuate stroke.
(a) frame means including a primary base mounting pad, a plurality of opposed pairs of guideways mounted upon said base pad for accommodating linear motion along at least one axis and with each guideway having a secondary base mounting pad thereon;
(b) heating source means and means for adjustably positioning said heating source relative to said work tube;
(c) cylindrical work tube guide means secured to each of an opposed pair of secondary base mounting pads for adjustably and releasably placing a cylindrical work tube thereon and having means for accommodating rotation of a cylindrical work tube about its tubular axis;
(d) cylindrical work tube drive and gripping means arranged along said work tube intermediate said secondary base mounting pads for providing rotation of said cylindrical work tube disposed within said cylindrical work tube guide means;
(e) cylindrical work tube forming rollers secured to a third opposed pair of said secondary base mounting pads and being provided with means for movement of said forming rollers along a plurality of arcuate stroking paths between proximal, distal, and radially inwardly and outwardly disposed end points relative to said tubular axis and with said arcuate paths traveling along one of a predetermined series of arcuately spaced-apart paths with certain successive arcuate paths of travel of said predetermined series converging upon said tubular axis toward the distal end point thereof; and (f) means for adjusting the arcuate spacing of successive strokes of motion wherein the arcuate spacing for each individual stroke of axial outwardly radially inwardly directed motion and the magnitude of force applied to said forming rollers is selectively different from its preceding axially inwardly radially outwardly directed stroke, the arrangement being such that the motion applied to said forming rollers during a substantial portion of said axially inwardly radially outwardly directed arcuate strokes is controllably related to that of its immediate preceding axially outwardly radially inwardly directed arcuate stroke by always being greater than, less than, or equal to that of said immediately preceding axially outwardly radially inwardly directed arcuate stroke.
2. The apparatus as set forth in Claim 1 being particularly characterized in that the rate of motion of said forming rollers during a substantial portion of said axially inwardly radially outwardly directed arcuate strokes differs from the rate of motion of its immediately preceding axially outwardly radially inwardly directed arcuate stroke by always being greater than or by always being less than that of said immediately preceding axially outwardly radially inwardly directed arcuate stroke.
3. The apparatus as defined in Claim 1 being particularly characterized in that cooling means are provided for said cylindrical work tube along said tubular axis at a point intermediate said cylindrical work tube drive and gripping means and each of the secondary base mounting pads of said first opposed pair of secondary base mounting pads.
4. The apparatus as set forth in Claim 1 being particularly characterized in that motor means are provided for rotating said cylindrical work tube and said forming rollers at rates dependent upon radial disposition of said roller relative to the vessel axis the arrangement being such that relative rates of motion between the surface of said vessel and said forming rollers remain substantially matching.
5. The apparatus as defined in Claim 1 being particularly characterized in that said heating source comprises a heating torch and wherein said heating torch having articulating means secured to each of a first opposed pair of said secondary base mounting pads and means for adjustably securing said heating torch thereto.
6. Apparatus for the production of double-ended vessels through the formation of end closures to a cylindrical work tube and comprising:
(a) frame means including a primary base mounting pad, a plurality of opposed pairs of guideways for accommodating linear motion along at least one axis and with each guideway having a secondary base mounting pad thereon;
(b) heating source means and means for adjustably positioning said heating source relative to said work tube;
(c) cylindrical work tube guide means secured to each of a second opposed pair of said secondary base mounting pads for adjustably and releasably placing a cylindrical work tube thereon and having means for accommodating rotation of a cylindrical work tube about its tubular axis;
(d) cylindrical work tube drive and gripping means arranged along said primary base mounting means intermediate said first pair of secondary base mounting pads for providing rotation of a cylindrical work tube disposed within said cylindrical work tube guide means;
(e) cylindrical work tube forming rollers secured to a pair of opposed base mounting pads and being provided with means for movement of said forming rollers along a plurality of arcuate stroking paths between proximal, distal, and radially inwardly and outwardly disposed end points relative to said tubular axis and with said arcuate paths traveling along one of a predetermined series of arcuately spaced-apart paths with certain successive arcuate paths of travel of said predetermined series converging upon said tubular axis toward the distal end point thereof; and (f) means for adjusting the arcuate spacing of successive strokes of motion wherein the arcuate spacing for each individual stroke of axial outwardly radially inwardly directed motion and the magnitude of force applied to said forming rollers is selectively different from its preceding axially inwardly radially outwardly directed stroke, the arrangement being such that the motion applied to said forming rollers during a substantial portion of said axially inwardly radially outwardly directed arcuate strokes is controllably related to that of its immediate preceding axially outwardly radially inwardly directed arcuate stroke by always being greater than, less than, or equal to that of said immediately preceding axially outwardly radially inwardly directed arcuate stroke.
(a) frame means including a primary base mounting pad, a plurality of opposed pairs of guideways for accommodating linear motion along at least one axis and with each guideway having a secondary base mounting pad thereon;
(b) heating source means and means for adjustably positioning said heating source relative to said work tube;
(c) cylindrical work tube guide means secured to each of a second opposed pair of said secondary base mounting pads for adjustably and releasably placing a cylindrical work tube thereon and having means for accommodating rotation of a cylindrical work tube about its tubular axis;
(d) cylindrical work tube drive and gripping means arranged along said primary base mounting means intermediate said first pair of secondary base mounting pads for providing rotation of a cylindrical work tube disposed within said cylindrical work tube guide means;
(e) cylindrical work tube forming rollers secured to a pair of opposed base mounting pads and being provided with means for movement of said forming rollers along a plurality of arcuate stroking paths between proximal, distal, and radially inwardly and outwardly disposed end points relative to said tubular axis and with said arcuate paths traveling along one of a predetermined series of arcuately spaced-apart paths with certain successive arcuate paths of travel of said predetermined series converging upon said tubular axis toward the distal end point thereof; and (f) means for adjusting the arcuate spacing of successive strokes of motion wherein the arcuate spacing for each individual stroke of axial outwardly radially inwardly directed motion and the magnitude of force applied to said forming rollers is selectively different from its preceding axially inwardly radially outwardly directed stroke, the arrangement being such that the motion applied to said forming rollers during a substantial portion of said axially inwardly radially outwardly directed arcuate strokes is controllably related to that of its immediate preceding axially outwardly radially inwardly directed arcuate stroke by always being greater than, less than, or equal to that of said immediately preceding axially outwardly radially inwardly directed arcuate stroke.
7. A method of forming closed cylindrical tanks from a metallic cylindrical tube comprising the steps of:
(a) releasably securing a metallic cylindrical tube having an elongated central axis and opposed ends within a frame for rotation of said metallic cylindrical tube about the elongated axis of said tube;
(b) rotating said metallic cylindrical tube about its elongated axis;
(c) exposing opposed cylindrical tube ends to a source of intense thermal energy;
(d) directing a rigid tube surface contacting member against the surface of the end portions of said metallic cylindrical tube while applying end-cap forming force thereagainst;
(e) simultaneously reciprocably altering the point of application of end-cap forming force against said metallic cylindrical tube along arcuate paths extending axially and radially of said tube axis to create a series of end-cap forming strokes against the opposed ends of said cylindrical tube with certain successive forming strokes progressing radially inwardly of said tube axis; and (f) repeatedly maintaining said forming strokes until the opposed axial ends of said metallic cylindrical tube converge to form a substantially closed end cap at each end thereof.
(a) releasably securing a metallic cylindrical tube having an elongated central axis and opposed ends within a frame for rotation of said metallic cylindrical tube about the elongated axis of said tube;
(b) rotating said metallic cylindrical tube about its elongated axis;
(c) exposing opposed cylindrical tube ends to a source of intense thermal energy;
(d) directing a rigid tube surface contacting member against the surface of the end portions of said metallic cylindrical tube while applying end-cap forming force thereagainst;
(e) simultaneously reciprocably altering the point of application of end-cap forming force against said metallic cylindrical tube along arcuate paths extending axially and radially of said tube axis to create a series of end-cap forming strokes against the opposed ends of said cylindrical tube with certain successive forming strokes progressing radially inwardly of said tube axis; and (f) repeatedly maintaining said forming strokes until the opposed axial ends of said metallic cylindrical tube converge to form a substantially closed end cap at each end thereof.
8. The method of Claim 7 further including heating said substantially closed end caps about the central axis to form closures therein.
9. A method of forming closed cylindrical tanks from a metallic cylindrical tube comprising the steps of:
(a) releasably securing a metallic cylindrical tube having an elongated central axis and opposed ends within a frame for rotation of said metallic cylindrical tube about the elongated axis of said tube;
(b) rotating said metallic cylindrical tube about its elongated axis;
(c) exposing the ends of said cylindrical tuba to a source of intense thermal energy;
(d) directing a rigid tube surface contacting member against the surface of the heated end portions of said metallic cylindrical tube while applying end-cap forming force thereagainst;
(e) reciprocably altering the point of application of end-cap forming force against said metallic cylindrical tube along arcuate paths extending axially and radially of said tube axis to create a series of end-cap forming strokes against the opposed ends of said cylindrical tube with certain successive forming strokes progressing radially inwardly of said tube axis;
(f) repeatedly maintaining said forming strokes until the opposed axial ends of said metallic cylindrical tube converge to form a substantially closed end cap at each end thereof; and (g) heating said substantially closed end caps about the central axis to form closures therein.
(a) releasably securing a metallic cylindrical tube having an elongated central axis and opposed ends within a frame for rotation of said metallic cylindrical tube about the elongated axis of said tube;
(b) rotating said metallic cylindrical tube about its elongated axis;
(c) exposing the ends of said cylindrical tuba to a source of intense thermal energy;
(d) directing a rigid tube surface contacting member against the surface of the heated end portions of said metallic cylindrical tube while applying end-cap forming force thereagainst;
(e) reciprocably altering the point of application of end-cap forming force against said metallic cylindrical tube along arcuate paths extending axially and radially of said tube axis to create a series of end-cap forming strokes against the opposed ends of said cylindrical tube with certain successive forming strokes progressing radially inwardly of said tube axis;
(f) repeatedly maintaining said forming strokes until the opposed axial ends of said metallic cylindrical tube converge to form a substantially closed end cap at each end thereof; and (g) heating said substantially closed end caps about the central axis to form closures therein.
10. A cylindrical tank fabricated in accordance with the method of Claim 7.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US68762991A | 1991-04-19 | 1991-04-19 | |
| US07/687,629 | 1991-04-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2065538A1 true CA2065538A1 (en) | 1992-10-20 |
Family
ID=24761170
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002065538A Abandoned CA2065538A1 (en) | 1991-04-19 | 1992-04-07 | Fabrication of pressure vessels |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0509700A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH07185681A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR920019441A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1039524C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1499692A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9201402A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2065538A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI921749A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2256824A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE921244A1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL101511A0 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9201738A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO921427L (en) |
| PL (1) | PL294294A1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW217390B (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2806335A1 (en) * | 2000-03-14 | 2001-09-21 | Air Liquide | Improved preheating of hollow components or structures prior to machining by flow-shaping using multiple gas burners |
| KR100887395B1 (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2009-03-06 | 주식회사 태광에스텍 | Manufacturing System of Sutured vessel |
| KR100918612B1 (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2009-09-25 | 국방과학연구소 | The manufacturing method for a flow formed pressure vessel using a thick plate preform prepared by welding |
| KR100964545B1 (en) * | 2008-01-08 | 2010-06-21 | 주식회사 삼도인더스트리 | Aluminium wheel manufacturing equipment for utilizing flow forming machine |
| CN101579582B (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2011-10-26 | 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Assembly technique for head sealing cover and kettle of stock solution crystallizer |
| TWI424916B (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2014-02-01 | Chung Shan Inst Of Science | Fabrication of thick walled high density polyethylene container |
| JP5578910B2 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2014-08-27 | サムテック株式会社 | Spinning processing equipment |
| CN101972808B (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2012-02-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Independent digital flame following and heating device of hot spinning machine |
| CN102500709A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2012-06-20 | 上海英汇科技发展有限公司 | Method and system for simultaneously processing forming of two ends of tubular workpiece |
| CN102615175A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2012-08-01 | 宜兴市联丰化工机械有限公司 | Processing method for alloy end enclosure |
| KR101496228B1 (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2015-02-27 | 안희석 | Apparatus for reducing diameter of pipe and method for reducing diameter of pipe using the same |
| BR102014000067A2 (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2015-11-17 | Antônio Carlos Torres | water reservoir manufactured by the process of spouting |
| CN105215632A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-01-06 | 芜湖三花制冷配件有限公司 | A kind of technique of metal tube rotary press modelling container |
| CN110064694A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-07-30 | 浙江长兴和良智能装备有限公司 | A kind of spinning system |
| CN110252844B (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2021-09-21 | 浙江长兴和良智能装备有限公司 | Double-head spinning system and double-head spinning method |
| CN110405094B (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2024-04-30 | 远军热能动力科技有限公司 | Machine tool for necking two ends of pipe and machining method thereof |
| CN111957796B (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2022-04-12 | 东莞市耀晟汽车配件有限公司 | Automatic alignment device for hardware mould |
| CN113305200A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-27 | 成都陵川特种工业有限责任公司 | Hydraulic spinning mechanism |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE537094C (en) * | 1929-08-09 | 1931-11-02 | Mannesmann Ag | Device for the production of bulbous metal vessels |
| GB400067A (en) * | 1932-03-07 | 1933-10-19 | Babcock & Wilcox Ltd | Improvements in the manufacture of pressure vessels |
| US2406059A (en) * | 1943-06-10 | 1946-08-20 | Linde Air Prod Co | Process of spinning hollow articles |
| US3496747A (en) * | 1967-09-21 | 1970-02-24 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Numerically controlled spinning machine |
| DE2144863C3 (en) * | 1971-07-09 | 1975-07-10 | Dalmine S.P.A., Mailand (Italien) | Device for closing the end of a tubular metal workpiece |
| US4288894A (en) * | 1979-09-24 | 1981-09-15 | Greer Hydraulics, Incorporated | Method of manufacturing pressure vessels by heat forming |
| FR2481237A1 (en) * | 1980-04-29 | 1981-10-30 | Gp Konstruk | Conveyor idler design and forming method - involves spinning tube blank to form differentiated thickness endwalls leading into axle stubs |
| EP0081700A1 (en) * | 1981-11-20 | 1983-06-22 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Spin forming |
-
1992
- 1992-04-06 IL IL101511A patent/IL101511A0/en unknown
- 1992-04-07 EP EP92303053A patent/EP0509700A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-04-07 CA CA002065538A patent/CA2065538A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-04-10 NO NO92921427A patent/NO921427L/en unknown
- 1992-04-13 KR KR1019920006098A patent/KR920019441A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-04-14 MX MX9201738A patent/MX9201738A/en unknown
- 1992-04-15 BR BR929201402A patent/BR9201402A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-04-16 TW TW081102995A patent/TW217390B/zh active
- 1992-04-16 GB GB9208477A patent/GB2256824A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-04-16 FI FI921749A patent/FI921749A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-04-16 IE IE124492A patent/IE921244A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-04-16 AU AU14996/92A patent/AU1499692A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-04-18 CN CN92103687A patent/CN1039524C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-04-20 JP JP4099611A patent/JPH07185681A/en active Pending
- 1992-04-21 PL PL29429492A patent/PL294294A1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1066995A (en) | 1992-12-16 |
| NO921427D0 (en) | 1992-04-10 |
| FI921749A (en) | 1992-10-20 |
| KR920019441A (en) | 1992-11-19 |
| IE921244A1 (en) | 1992-10-21 |
| MX9201738A (en) | 1992-10-01 |
| GB9208477D0 (en) | 1992-06-03 |
| TW217390B (en) | 1993-12-11 |
| BR9201402A (en) | 1992-12-01 |
| CN1039524C (en) | 1998-08-19 |
| PL294294A1 (en) | 1992-11-30 |
| GB2256824A (en) | 1992-12-23 |
| NO921427L (en) | 1992-10-20 |
| EP0509700A1 (en) | 1992-10-21 |
| AU1499692A (en) | 1992-10-22 |
| IL101511A0 (en) | 1992-12-30 |
| FI921749A0 (en) | 1992-04-16 |
| JPH07185681A (en) | 1995-07-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |