CA2036903C - Method and apparatus for inserting a wire into a plastic film - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for inserting a wire into a plastic film Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2036903C CA2036903C CA002036903A CA2036903A CA2036903C CA 2036903 C CA2036903 C CA 2036903C CA 002036903 A CA002036903 A CA 002036903A CA 2036903 A CA2036903 A CA 2036903A CA 2036903 C CA2036903 C CA 2036903C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- wire
- plastic film
- elements
- waveform
- supply frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005816 glass manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
- H05B3/86—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields the heating conductors being embedded in the transparent or reflecting material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Led Device Packages (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A method for setting a wire in contact with a plastic film, in particular, a resistance wire in contact with such a plastic film intended for use in a laminated glass manufacturing process as an intermediate film for laminated glass. A plastic film (9) to be provided with a wire is laid upon an endless surface such as a drum (4). The base structure is set in motion relative to elements (17) producing a waveform on the wire elements (19) setting the wire into contact with the plastic film. A supply frame (3) which carries the elements (17), and (19). An apparatus for carrying out the method is also described.
Description
Method and apparatus for setting a wire in a plastic film The present invention relates to apparatus for setting a wire in waveform in contact with a plastic film applied on a base structure.
The present invention is particularly useful in the production of heatable laminated glass, wherein a plastic film or an intermediate film, fitted with waveformed wires, is typically laminated between glass sheets, the assembly being intended for use e.g. as a motor vehicle windscreen.
Methods for setting a wire in a plastic film used particularly as an intermediate film in laminated glass are prior disclosed e.g. publications GB 1,392,736 and US 3,522,651. In the method described in publication GB
1,392,736, the simultaneous heat-assisted setting of a plurality of wires on a plastic film travelling horizontally on a base structure is carried out by means of an eccentric-controlled guide rod, which is in a transverse reciprocating motion relative to the plastic film advancing direction.
During said reciprocating motion, the guide rod creates a waveform in the wires running through a set of grooves formed in the guide rod. Setting the wires in a desired waveform on the surface of a plastic film is effected by means of a press roll, located downstream of the guide rod in the plastic film advancing direction and having the same width as the plastic film. In order to set the wires permanently in a plastic film, the cited publication further discloses a number of different heating variations either for wires, a press roll or a plastic film. The publication US 3,522,651 discloses a method, wherein a rotating frame assembly is fitted with resistance wires adjacent to each other. At the following stage of the method, the wires carried by said frame assembly are all waved in a single operation by means of a cylindrical toothed roller.
At the following separate operating stage, the waved wires removed from said frame assembly are secured to a glass surface by means of a sprayable chemical.
A useful wire is characterized by being thin and prone to breaking as well as inconvenient to handle. Therefore, in a method disclosed in the _ 2 _ publication GB 1,392,736, the simultaneous handling of a plurality of wires leads to a number of practical problems. For example, breaking of an individual wire or its running out on a particular supply reel is difficult to notice. The wires must be synchronized and arranged according to the width and/or desired resistance characteristics of a plastic film in each individual production series. Thus, the application of the above-described method requires considerable preliminary work and continuous monitoring during the manufacturing process. An apparatus used in the method disclosed in the publication US 3,522,651 requires a lot of space particularly due to independent stages of operation. It is of course obvious that production involving several stages of operation is not efficient. The manufacture of high-quality laminated glasses with the technique described in the cited publication is very tedious and inconvenient. Particularly due to the spraying of a chemical agent, the method also involves environmental hazards and, thus, application of the method requires labour protective measures.
An object of a method and apparatus here described is to provide a decisive improvement on the above drawbacks and, thus, to advance the 2o available prior art.
The most important benefits gained by a method herein include simplicity and operating reliability since a wire is set in a plastic film in a single operation, the progress of which can be readily monitored. An apparatus for the application of this method requires very little space indeed, and yet the obtainable productive capacity is of the same order or even better than what is achieved by the prior art methods.
By using an apparatus disclosed it is possible in a simple and reliable manner to set a wire in a waveform in contact with a plastic film, said plastic film being particularly intended for use as an intermediate film in laminated glass.
In accordance with the invention there is provided an apparatus for setting a wire in contact with a plastic film comprising a base block, a base structure receiving the plastic film to be provided with the wire, said base structure comprising an endless surface rotatable about a centre axis of an axle assembly, first elements comprising a gear assembly for creating a waveform in the wire, the waveform being produced by means of said gear assembly by working the wire mechanically into a waveform defined by a cross-sectional shape of the gear assembly, a second element for setting the wire in waveform into and in contact with the plastic film, means for shifting said first and second elements and said endless surface relative to each other substantially in the longitudinal direction of said axis over that section of the width of the plastic film to be provided with wire, and means providing an electric potential difference between said first elements and said second element for heating that section of wire between said first and said second elements.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of an apparatus embodying the invention.
The apparatus illustrated includes a base block 1, set on a fixed supporting structure, such as a floor, and provided with guides or the like elements 2 on top of it for carrying a wire supply frame 3 during the application of this method in the longitudinal direction of guides 2. The apparatus further includes a cylindrical drum or a cylinder 4 which is carried by support brackets 5 or the like elements upon axle stubs or the like 6 projecting from the ends of the drum 4, said brackets being mounted adjacent to 'base block 1 e.g, on a fixed supporting structure, such as a floor. The drum has a circular cross-section and axle stubs 6 are located centrally relative to the cross-section, said drum 4 rotating around the centre axis 6' of axle stubs 6 extending in the direction of guides 2 and, thus, in the travelling direction of supply frame 3 (arrow 7). In order to rotate said drum 4, the base block 1 is provided e.g. with belt drive 8 or a like driving mechanism to operate at the end of at least one of the axle stubs 6.
The external surface of drum 4 is provided with a plastic film 9 e.g. by using suitable fastening arrangements, such as providing the drum with a perforation for creating a vacuum effect to adhere plastic film 9 to the external surface of drum 4. The vacuum system is not shown in the drawing as it is obvious to a skilled man. Naturally, it is also possible to use adhesive fastening.
In the illustrated embodiment, a supply frame 3 travels continuously in the direction of an arrow 10 from left to right as seen in the drawing, whereby a waveformed wire 11 coming from the supply frame is set in contact with plastic film 9 on top of said drum 4.
In the illustrated embodiment, the supply frame 3 is provided with a carrier arm 12 or a like, which is fitted with elements 17, 19 for giving said wire 11 a waveform and for setting it in contact with plastic film 9.
The carrier arm 12 is preferably adapted to be movable in vertical direction whereby, e.g. especially during 'the replacement of drum 4, it can be turned out of the way and the drum already provided with wires 11 can be picked up from its position on top of support brackets 5 and another drum 4 to be provided with wires 11 can be placed along with its plastic film 9 to rest upon support brackets 5 and, if necessary, said supply frame 3 can be carried to a starting position at either end of drum 4.
The supply frame 3 is provided with a wire spool 13 or a like wire supply from which wire is passed by means of a guiding element 14 mounted on carrier arm 12 to said elements 17 giving the wire a waveform. In the drawing, said elements 17 for creating a waveform include a gear system carried by an auxiliary frame lb fitted in connection with carrier arm 12, said system comprising two mutually meshed gears, e.g, bevel gears, the line of contact therebetween being substantially perpendicular to the surface of drLUn 4, whereby the waveformed wire emerges from between the gears in a manner that the waveform extend in the direction of the surface of drum 4. Gears 17a, 17b receive their driving power e.g. from a driving mechanism 18, which is common to both gears and mounted in contact with auxiliary frame 16. A particularly preferred arrangement is that the gears receive a driving power directly from the rotating motion of drum 4, the toothing of at least one of the gears 17a, 17b being in a direct contact with plastic film 9 on the external surface of drum 4. The element for setting a wire in contact with plastic film 9 comprises a press roller or a like 19 receiving its driving force from the rotating motion of drum 4, said roller being located in alignment with the waveform wire whereby, upon rotating around its axle 20, said roller presses waveformed wire 11 into contact with plastic film 9. Press roller 19 is mounted on carrier arm 12 by means of an auxiliary link 21.
Furthermore, the drawing illustrates schematically an electrical system for heating a resistance wire especially between gear assembly 17 and press roller 19, the setting of a resistance wire on a plastic film being effected by the application of thermal effect and assisted by press roller 19. Conductor wires 22 and 23 are connected on the one hand to the gear assembly and on the other hand to the press roller, both elements being made of an electrically conducting material. By way of carrier arm 12 said conductors are connected to a current source, e.g. a direct current source included in supply frame 3, which creates a potential difference between elements 17 and 19 to effect the heating of waveformed wire 11 as it travels between said elements 17 and 19 whereby, immediately after passing said zone, it will arrive within the range of action of press roller 19 and at this time at least said wire adheres to plastic film 9.
In practice, e.g. one 17a of 'the gears can be made of a metal or a like electrically conductive material and conductor wire 22 can be connected to said gear 17a.
It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above embodiment but within the basic concept it can be subjected to major modifications. Firstly, one and the same drum 4 can be simultaneously provided with two or more wires. Thus, a plurality of carrier arms 12 can be used in parallel or one carrier arm can be fitted with a plurality of elements for supplying the wire, creating the waveform and securing the wire to a plastic film. On the other hand, the base structure carrying said plastic film 9 can be in the shape of an endless belt or a like web structure supported by two or more cylinders (e.g. similar to drum 4) adapted to be rotatable around an axle assembly comprising two or more parallel axles. Thus, in the annexed claims, the element upon which a plastic film 9 is laid has been defined as an endless surface. In addition, the method and apparatus offer extensive possibilities for variations in view of adjusting the wire density upon a plastic film 9. A
relative adjustment of the travelling speeds of endless belt 4 and supply , frame 3 makes it possible to have desired distances from a wire laid in spiral form on endless surface 4 to the adjacent spirals in a direction perpendicular to the travelling direction of endless surface 9. It is also obvious 'that elements 17 arid 19 can be located in fixed positions relative to base block 1 of the apparatus and to adapt said endless surface G
rnovable in the longitudinal direction of axle assembly 6 during the course of setting a wire. The above alternatives can also be used simultaneously.
By reversing the travelling direction of endless surface 4 it is possible to carry out a reciprocating setting of a wire. It is obvious that a wire can also be set on endless surface in the longitudinal direction of an axle assembly, said surface 4 being indexed forward in a manner that a new section of a plastic film to be provided with a wire is located in alignment with elements 17 and 19.
_ 7 _ When wire 11 has been laid on. an endless surface, a plastic film 9 is ready for use in a laminating operation after being removed. It is obvious that the replacement of endless surface 4, particularly when using a drum, can be automated in a simple manner to carry on the operation continuously for the setting and removal of plastic film 9.
The present invention is particularly useful in the production of heatable laminated glass, wherein a plastic film or an intermediate film, fitted with waveformed wires, is typically laminated between glass sheets, the assembly being intended for use e.g. as a motor vehicle windscreen.
Methods for setting a wire in a plastic film used particularly as an intermediate film in laminated glass are prior disclosed e.g. publications GB 1,392,736 and US 3,522,651. In the method described in publication GB
1,392,736, the simultaneous heat-assisted setting of a plurality of wires on a plastic film travelling horizontally on a base structure is carried out by means of an eccentric-controlled guide rod, which is in a transverse reciprocating motion relative to the plastic film advancing direction.
During said reciprocating motion, the guide rod creates a waveform in the wires running through a set of grooves formed in the guide rod. Setting the wires in a desired waveform on the surface of a plastic film is effected by means of a press roll, located downstream of the guide rod in the plastic film advancing direction and having the same width as the plastic film. In order to set the wires permanently in a plastic film, the cited publication further discloses a number of different heating variations either for wires, a press roll or a plastic film. The publication US 3,522,651 discloses a method, wherein a rotating frame assembly is fitted with resistance wires adjacent to each other. At the following stage of the method, the wires carried by said frame assembly are all waved in a single operation by means of a cylindrical toothed roller.
At the following separate operating stage, the waved wires removed from said frame assembly are secured to a glass surface by means of a sprayable chemical.
A useful wire is characterized by being thin and prone to breaking as well as inconvenient to handle. Therefore, in a method disclosed in the _ 2 _ publication GB 1,392,736, the simultaneous handling of a plurality of wires leads to a number of practical problems. For example, breaking of an individual wire or its running out on a particular supply reel is difficult to notice. The wires must be synchronized and arranged according to the width and/or desired resistance characteristics of a plastic film in each individual production series. Thus, the application of the above-described method requires considerable preliminary work and continuous monitoring during the manufacturing process. An apparatus used in the method disclosed in the publication US 3,522,651 requires a lot of space particularly due to independent stages of operation. It is of course obvious that production involving several stages of operation is not efficient. The manufacture of high-quality laminated glasses with the technique described in the cited publication is very tedious and inconvenient. Particularly due to the spraying of a chemical agent, the method also involves environmental hazards and, thus, application of the method requires labour protective measures.
An object of a method and apparatus here described is to provide a decisive improvement on the above drawbacks and, thus, to advance the 2o available prior art.
The most important benefits gained by a method herein include simplicity and operating reliability since a wire is set in a plastic film in a single operation, the progress of which can be readily monitored. An apparatus for the application of this method requires very little space indeed, and yet the obtainable productive capacity is of the same order or even better than what is achieved by the prior art methods.
By using an apparatus disclosed it is possible in a simple and reliable manner to set a wire in a waveform in contact with a plastic film, said plastic film being particularly intended for use as an intermediate film in laminated glass.
In accordance with the invention there is provided an apparatus for setting a wire in contact with a plastic film comprising a base block, a base structure receiving the plastic film to be provided with the wire, said base structure comprising an endless surface rotatable about a centre axis of an axle assembly, first elements comprising a gear assembly for creating a waveform in the wire, the waveform being produced by means of said gear assembly by working the wire mechanically into a waveform defined by a cross-sectional shape of the gear assembly, a second element for setting the wire in waveform into and in contact with the plastic film, means for shifting said first and second elements and said endless surface relative to each other substantially in the longitudinal direction of said axis over that section of the width of the plastic film to be provided with wire, and means providing an electric potential difference between said first elements and said second element for heating that section of wire between said first and said second elements.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of an apparatus embodying the invention.
The apparatus illustrated includes a base block 1, set on a fixed supporting structure, such as a floor, and provided with guides or the like elements 2 on top of it for carrying a wire supply frame 3 during the application of this method in the longitudinal direction of guides 2. The apparatus further includes a cylindrical drum or a cylinder 4 which is carried by support brackets 5 or the like elements upon axle stubs or the like 6 projecting from the ends of the drum 4, said brackets being mounted adjacent to 'base block 1 e.g, on a fixed supporting structure, such as a floor. The drum has a circular cross-section and axle stubs 6 are located centrally relative to the cross-section, said drum 4 rotating around the centre axis 6' of axle stubs 6 extending in the direction of guides 2 and, thus, in the travelling direction of supply frame 3 (arrow 7). In order to rotate said drum 4, the base block 1 is provided e.g. with belt drive 8 or a like driving mechanism to operate at the end of at least one of the axle stubs 6.
The external surface of drum 4 is provided with a plastic film 9 e.g. by using suitable fastening arrangements, such as providing the drum with a perforation for creating a vacuum effect to adhere plastic film 9 to the external surface of drum 4. The vacuum system is not shown in the drawing as it is obvious to a skilled man. Naturally, it is also possible to use adhesive fastening.
In the illustrated embodiment, a supply frame 3 travels continuously in the direction of an arrow 10 from left to right as seen in the drawing, whereby a waveformed wire 11 coming from the supply frame is set in contact with plastic film 9 on top of said drum 4.
In the illustrated embodiment, the supply frame 3 is provided with a carrier arm 12 or a like, which is fitted with elements 17, 19 for giving said wire 11 a waveform and for setting it in contact with plastic film 9.
The carrier arm 12 is preferably adapted to be movable in vertical direction whereby, e.g. especially during 'the replacement of drum 4, it can be turned out of the way and the drum already provided with wires 11 can be picked up from its position on top of support brackets 5 and another drum 4 to be provided with wires 11 can be placed along with its plastic film 9 to rest upon support brackets 5 and, if necessary, said supply frame 3 can be carried to a starting position at either end of drum 4.
The supply frame 3 is provided with a wire spool 13 or a like wire supply from which wire is passed by means of a guiding element 14 mounted on carrier arm 12 to said elements 17 giving the wire a waveform. In the drawing, said elements 17 for creating a waveform include a gear system carried by an auxiliary frame lb fitted in connection with carrier arm 12, said system comprising two mutually meshed gears, e.g, bevel gears, the line of contact therebetween being substantially perpendicular to the surface of drLUn 4, whereby the waveformed wire emerges from between the gears in a manner that the waveform extend in the direction of the surface of drum 4. Gears 17a, 17b receive their driving power e.g. from a driving mechanism 18, which is common to both gears and mounted in contact with auxiliary frame 16. A particularly preferred arrangement is that the gears receive a driving power directly from the rotating motion of drum 4, the toothing of at least one of the gears 17a, 17b being in a direct contact with plastic film 9 on the external surface of drum 4. The element for setting a wire in contact with plastic film 9 comprises a press roller or a like 19 receiving its driving force from the rotating motion of drum 4, said roller being located in alignment with the waveform wire whereby, upon rotating around its axle 20, said roller presses waveformed wire 11 into contact with plastic film 9. Press roller 19 is mounted on carrier arm 12 by means of an auxiliary link 21.
Furthermore, the drawing illustrates schematically an electrical system for heating a resistance wire especially between gear assembly 17 and press roller 19, the setting of a resistance wire on a plastic film being effected by the application of thermal effect and assisted by press roller 19. Conductor wires 22 and 23 are connected on the one hand to the gear assembly and on the other hand to the press roller, both elements being made of an electrically conducting material. By way of carrier arm 12 said conductors are connected to a current source, e.g. a direct current source included in supply frame 3, which creates a potential difference between elements 17 and 19 to effect the heating of waveformed wire 11 as it travels between said elements 17 and 19 whereby, immediately after passing said zone, it will arrive within the range of action of press roller 19 and at this time at least said wire adheres to plastic film 9.
In practice, e.g. one 17a of 'the gears can be made of a metal or a like electrically conductive material and conductor wire 22 can be connected to said gear 17a.
It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above embodiment but within the basic concept it can be subjected to major modifications. Firstly, one and the same drum 4 can be simultaneously provided with two or more wires. Thus, a plurality of carrier arms 12 can be used in parallel or one carrier arm can be fitted with a plurality of elements for supplying the wire, creating the waveform and securing the wire to a plastic film. On the other hand, the base structure carrying said plastic film 9 can be in the shape of an endless belt or a like web structure supported by two or more cylinders (e.g. similar to drum 4) adapted to be rotatable around an axle assembly comprising two or more parallel axles. Thus, in the annexed claims, the element upon which a plastic film 9 is laid has been defined as an endless surface. In addition, the method and apparatus offer extensive possibilities for variations in view of adjusting the wire density upon a plastic film 9. A
relative adjustment of the travelling speeds of endless belt 4 and supply , frame 3 makes it possible to have desired distances from a wire laid in spiral form on endless surface 4 to the adjacent spirals in a direction perpendicular to the travelling direction of endless surface 9. It is also obvious 'that elements 17 arid 19 can be located in fixed positions relative to base block 1 of the apparatus and to adapt said endless surface G
rnovable in the longitudinal direction of axle assembly 6 during the course of setting a wire. The above alternatives can also be used simultaneously.
By reversing the travelling direction of endless surface 4 it is possible to carry out a reciprocating setting of a wire. It is obvious that a wire can also be set on endless surface in the longitudinal direction of an axle assembly, said surface 4 being indexed forward in a manner that a new section of a plastic film to be provided with a wire is located in alignment with elements 17 and 19.
_ 7 _ When wire 11 has been laid on. an endless surface, a plastic film 9 is ready for use in a laminating operation after being removed. It is obvious that the replacement of endless surface 4, particularly when using a drum, can be automated in a simple manner to carry on the operation continuously for the setting and removal of plastic film 9.
Claims (4)
1. An apparatus for setting a wire in contact with a plastic film comprising a base block, a base structure receiving the plastic film to be provided with the wire, said base structure comprising an endless surface rotatable about a centre axis of an axle assembly, first elements comprising a gear assembly for creating a waveform in the wire, the waveform being produced by means of said gear assembly by working the wire mechanically into a waveform defined by a cross-sectional shape of the gear assembly, a second element for setting the wire in waveform into and in contact with the plastic film, means for shifting said first and second elements and said endless surface relative to each other substantially in the longitudinal direction of said axis over that section of the width of the plastic film to be provided with wire, and means providing an electric potential difference between said first elements and said second element for heating that section of wire between said first and said second elements.
2. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 comprising a supply frame movable on the base block and comprising a carrier arm fitted with said first and second elements, said carrier arm being movable relative to the supply frame.
3. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 the potential difference being achieved by a conductor assembly connected to a current source inside a supply frame.
4. An apparatus as set forth in claim 3 the supply frame being movable on the base block and comprising a carrier arm fitted with said first and second elements, said carrier arm being movable relative to the supply frame.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI900921A FI88782C (en) | 1990-02-23 | 1990-02-23 | Device for placing the thread in a plastic foil |
| FI900921 | 1990-02-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2036903A1 CA2036903A1 (en) | 1991-08-24 |
| CA2036903C true CA2036903C (en) | 2000-10-03 |
Family
ID=8529942
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002036903A Expired - Lifetime CA2036903C (en) | 1990-02-23 | 1991-02-22 | Method and apparatus for inserting a wire into a plastic film |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0443691B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE125663T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2036903C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69111486T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2075323T3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI88782C (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4101984C2 (en) * | 1991-01-24 | 1995-02-09 | Ver Glaswerke Gmbh | Device for depositing and fixing a resistance wire on a thermoplastic carrier film for producing an electrically heatable laminated glass pane |
| GB9425986D0 (en) | 1994-12-22 | 1995-02-22 | Pilkington Glass Ltd | Electrically heated window |
| DE19541427A1 (en) | 1995-11-07 | 1997-05-15 | Sekurit Saint Gobain Deutsch | Method and device for depositing and fixing a thin metal wire on a thermoplastic film of a laminated glass pane |
| GB9601865D0 (en) | 1996-01-30 | 1996-04-03 | Pilkington Glass Ltd | Electrically heated window |
| GB9601868D0 (en) | 1996-01-30 | 1996-04-03 | Pilkington Glass Ltd | Electrically heated window |
| ATE339075T1 (en) * | 2003-02-24 | 2006-09-15 | Saint Gobain | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR LAYING WIRES ON A PLASTIC SUBSTRATE |
| DE10310104B4 (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2007-04-26 | Peter Bäumler | Device for producing a heating field with a family of wave-shaped heating wires |
| WO2006010346A1 (en) * | 2004-07-21 | 2006-02-02 | Baeumler Peter | Method and device for production of a heating field with a group of corrugated heating wires |
| GB0427749D0 (en) | 2004-12-18 | 2005-01-19 | Pilkington Plc | Electrically heated window |
| DE102006025893A1 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-06 | Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for laying a thin metal wire on a surface |
| EP2063685A1 (en) | 2007-11-20 | 2009-05-27 | Pilkington Italia S.p.A. | Plastic glazing |
| US10518490B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2019-12-31 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Methods and systems for embedding filaments in 3D structures, structural components, and structural electronic, electromagnetic and electromechanical components/devices |
| US10582619B2 (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2020-03-03 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Apparatus for wire handling and embedding on and within 3D printed parts |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3392759A (en) * | 1965-09-16 | 1968-07-16 | Barr & Stroud Ltd | Electrically heated windows or the like |
| US3795472A (en) * | 1971-07-26 | 1974-03-05 | Gen Electric | Apparatus for the production of electrically heated window |
| CA1043405A (en) * | 1976-03-15 | 1978-11-28 | Normand Dery | Rear window defrosters and method of installation |
-
1990
- 1990-02-23 FI FI900921A patent/FI88782C/en active IP Right Grant
-
1991
- 1991-02-21 ES ES91200378T patent/ES2075323T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-21 DE DE69111486T patent/DE69111486T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-21 AT AT91200378T patent/ATE125663T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-02-21 EP EP91200378A patent/EP0443691B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-22 CA CA002036903A patent/CA2036903C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2075323T3 (en) | 1995-10-01 |
| ATE125663T1 (en) | 1995-08-15 |
| FI88782C (en) | 1993-07-12 |
| FI900921A0 (en) | 1990-02-23 |
| EP0443691A3 (en) | 1992-05-20 |
| CA2036903A1 (en) | 1991-08-24 |
| FI88782B (en) | 1993-03-31 |
| EP0443691B1 (en) | 1995-07-26 |
| EP0443691A2 (en) | 1991-08-28 |
| DE69111486T2 (en) | 1996-01-04 |
| DE69111486D1 (en) | 1995-08-31 |
| FI900921A (en) | 1991-08-24 |
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