CA2001294A1 - Mould and method for the manufacture of moulded objects of plastic - Google Patents
Mould and method for the manufacture of moulded objects of plasticInfo
- Publication number
- CA2001294A1 CA2001294A1 CA 2001294 CA2001294A CA2001294A1 CA 2001294 A1 CA2001294 A1 CA 2001294A1 CA 2001294 CA2001294 CA 2001294 CA 2001294 A CA2001294 A CA 2001294A CA 2001294 A1 CA2001294 A1 CA 2001294A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- mould
- accordance
- particles
- composite material
- suction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C51/30—Moulds
- B29C51/36—Moulds specially adapted for vacuum forming, Manufacture thereof
- B29C51/365—Porous moulds
Abstract
Manufacture of moulded objects of plastic.
ABSTRACT
Moulded objects of plastic are moulded by the placing of a sheet, or a layer of plasticified material by suction a-gainst the outline-forming outside of a mould which is per-meable to let a gaseous working medium influence the mate-rial through the material of the mould. Prior to this in-fluence a mould is manufactured which at least for the out-line-forming part of the mould consists of a particular composite material, whose particles are bound together for the creation of a form-stable exterior structure having air passages extending to the outside of the mould. The suction is then carried out on the mould thus created.
ABSTRACT
Moulded objects of plastic are moulded by the placing of a sheet, or a layer of plasticified material by suction a-gainst the outline-forming outside of a mould which is per-meable to let a gaseous working medium influence the mate-rial through the material of the mould. Prior to this in-fluence a mould is manufactured which at least for the out-line-forming part of the mould consists of a particular composite material, whose particles are bound together for the creation of a form-stable exterior structure having air passages extending to the outside of the mould. The suction is then carried out on the mould thus created.
Description
2(`S~ 9L?~
The inventlon concerns both a moul~ and a method for the manufacture of moulded objects of plastic.
The mould is of the kind permeable for a gaseous work-ing medium in order to l~t that medium affect a sheet or S a layer of plasticified plastic material through the mate-rial of the mould in order to bring the material to lie a-gainst the exterior surface of the out-line forming mould surface by suction.
The plastic material is pre-heated to a suitable plas-ticifying temperature and placed on the mould surface insuch a way that it can be brought to lie against the con-tour of the mould surface by suction, whereafter the object thereby formed is removed from the mould, e.g. by de-suc-tion or by blowing.
The object of the invention is to state how this pro-cessing technique can be performed by means of a mould which is simple and thus cheap to manufacture so that the processing technique mentioned will be advantageous to use also for the manufacture of relatively small series of ob-jects.
For this reason the mould in accordance with the in-vention is characteristic thereby that at least the mould surface consists of a particular composite material whose particles are bound together for the formation of an out-line form stable contour and at the same time defining openpassages which extend through the mould material to the ex-terior of the mould surface.
Such a mould can be manufactured from a both cheap, inorganic raw material such as sand, and by a processing technique which is simple, of short duration and thus cheap.
According to the invention the composite material may be composed of particles of different particle size, the particle size being small in the mould forming surface part. Thereby it is possible to achieve a good passage for air and at the same time a rather smooth exterior mould surface is available for the object to be manufactured and Z~3~ 94 thereby providing a smootll exterior surface of the object.
The mould strength necessary for the carrying out of the processing process can in a simple way be achleved by mixing the particles with suitable binding agents, which may include adhesion improving agents, and that the mould manufactured from such mixture is hardened e.g. by means of heat. Also a wedging between the particles may be ap-plied in order to give strength to the mould.
A suitable composition of the mould consists according to the invention in that the mould has a basis part below in which the particles are bound together by a real fusion, while the particles in the rest o the mould are bound to-gether by a hardening fusion compound. Such a form presents a good strength and thus will also be able to sustain sub-stantial working load.
It is also within the scope of the invention to use and apply a mould in which the particles of the gravelly composite material by means of a binding agent are connec-ted with such a strength that the mould is applicable forthe compression moulding of a moulded object.
The method according to the invention is that prior to the suction of a sheet or a layer of plasticified plas-tic material lying against the contour shaping mould sur-face, which is permeable for a gaseous working medium, amould is manufactured with the characteristics stated a-bove, in that at least the mould surface is formed by a particular composite material whose particles are bound to-gether for the formation of an open stable structure with air passages extending to the outer mould surface, and that the suction may then be carried out on the mould thus form-ed. In this way the total manufacturing process, counting from the start of the manufacturing of the mould to the de-livery of the object manufactured may be substantially cheaper, as it is no longer necessary to manufacture an ex-pensive metal mould. Therefore it will be possible to apply the suction technique mentioned above in an economically 2~ 2 ~
attractive way for the production of also small series of objects, and/or for the manufacture of specially formed ob-jects.
If for the purpose of binding together a particular S composite material is used whose particles are of such si~e and form that they may be wedged together it will at least partly be possible to avoid using a binding agent.
At another embodiment of the method according to the invention the particular composite material is linked to-gether before the start of the suction by the use of a bin-ding agent having such surface tension that it seeks to a-chieve the smallest possible surface size. Thus is achieved that the binding agent - possibly in connection with a pre-heating - flow together around the particles thus avoiding a clogging of the air passages between the particles, as an adhesion will only appear where the particles directly touch each other. ~n this connection it may be appropriate according to the invention that the particles have a round-ed form.
This also means that the permeability aimed at of the mould can be controlled and adjusted by a suitable selec-tion of the grain size of the particle material, and dis-tribution of the grains both in order to achieve favourable conditions for the adhesion connection between the particl-es, and for an appropriate dimensioning of the porosity, in order to avoid undesired pressure drop across a building material being unnecessarily compact.
The particular composite material may according to the invention before the start of the influence at the gaseous working medium be linked together by the application of a binding agent which after the compound of the particles leaves a free surface which has been smoothed. This method ensures an ade~uate surface slip also in cases where the contour shaping surface due to the already mentioned su~-face tension effect by the used binding agent for the link-ing together of the particles results in a free surface which immediately may seem rough.
;z~3~llz~
In accordance with thr invention the particular com-posite material particles before the start of the influence at the gaseous working medium be bound together by the ap-plication of a binding agent which is thermo hardening.
This has the advantage that the hardened mould may have a good slip effect towards the model which the contour shap-ing surface of the mould has been moulded against. Further-more, the final mould may thereby become temperature stable to such an extent as to achieve a high degree of freedom for the cleaning of the mould by the application of heat.
In accordance with the invention a thermo-hardening binding agent may be applied containing a fusible smoothing agent. Thus the mould may e.g. be subjected to a treatment with wax, oil or a teflon product. The fusible smoothing agent may counter an undesired depositing or detention of e.g. dust on the outside mould surface. Furthermore, by the application of heat and suction to a fusible smoothing a-gent this may contribute to a cleaning of the porosity of the mould.
In accordance with the invention the particular com-posite material particles before the start of the influence by the gaseous working medium may be linked together by the application of a binding agent, which before the final com-pound of the particles, presents wedging compound proper-ties. This may facilitate an easier contour shaping of the mould surface.
As an example of a thermo-hardening binding agent re-ference can be given to phenol resin and the wedging com-pound properties aimed at may e.g. be provided by also ap-plying silane.
As mentioned at the beginning, the removal of an ob-ject formed by depositing a plasticified plastic material on the outline-forming outside of the mould by suction may be performed in practice by affecting the object by com-pressed air through the air passages of the mould thuslifting the object free of the mould. If the object is soft, and for the purpose of removing the object from the ~(3~
mould a transfer mould is usually employed which is adap-ted for interaction with the side of the object pointing away from the above-mentioned outline-forming outside for the removal of the object from this outside and for the subsequent placing of the object on for instance a conveyer belt.
It is within the scope of the invention also to form such a transfer mould from a particular composite stone-particle material as mentioned above, as the particles of the material are bound together for the formation of an open, stable structure with thorough-going air passage to the outside of the mould and the thus created mould is con-nected with a source for a suction provoking vacuum, and for pressure air.
This means that also as regards this part of the total manufacturing process a cheap raw material may be used in connection with a production techni~ue which is simple, of short duration and thus cheap. The hardening time ma~y be reduced by the addition of accelerators to the binding a-gent.
A mould used in accordance with the invention can also be produced in such a way that it may, after use or in case of heavy wear, be regenerated as the particle-shaped build-ing material of the mould may be recycled.
The inventlon concerns both a moul~ and a method for the manufacture of moulded objects of plastic.
The mould is of the kind permeable for a gaseous work-ing medium in order to l~t that medium affect a sheet or S a layer of plasticified plastic material through the mate-rial of the mould in order to bring the material to lie a-gainst the exterior surface of the out-line forming mould surface by suction.
The plastic material is pre-heated to a suitable plas-ticifying temperature and placed on the mould surface insuch a way that it can be brought to lie against the con-tour of the mould surface by suction, whereafter the object thereby formed is removed from the mould, e.g. by de-suc-tion or by blowing.
The object of the invention is to state how this pro-cessing technique can be performed by means of a mould which is simple and thus cheap to manufacture so that the processing technique mentioned will be advantageous to use also for the manufacture of relatively small series of ob-jects.
For this reason the mould in accordance with the in-vention is characteristic thereby that at least the mould surface consists of a particular composite material whose particles are bound together for the formation of an out-line form stable contour and at the same time defining openpassages which extend through the mould material to the ex-terior of the mould surface.
Such a mould can be manufactured from a both cheap, inorganic raw material such as sand, and by a processing technique which is simple, of short duration and thus cheap.
According to the invention the composite material may be composed of particles of different particle size, the particle size being small in the mould forming surface part. Thereby it is possible to achieve a good passage for air and at the same time a rather smooth exterior mould surface is available for the object to be manufactured and Z~3~ 94 thereby providing a smootll exterior surface of the object.
The mould strength necessary for the carrying out of the processing process can in a simple way be achleved by mixing the particles with suitable binding agents, which may include adhesion improving agents, and that the mould manufactured from such mixture is hardened e.g. by means of heat. Also a wedging between the particles may be ap-plied in order to give strength to the mould.
A suitable composition of the mould consists according to the invention in that the mould has a basis part below in which the particles are bound together by a real fusion, while the particles in the rest o the mould are bound to-gether by a hardening fusion compound. Such a form presents a good strength and thus will also be able to sustain sub-stantial working load.
It is also within the scope of the invention to use and apply a mould in which the particles of the gravelly composite material by means of a binding agent are connec-ted with such a strength that the mould is applicable forthe compression moulding of a moulded object.
The method according to the invention is that prior to the suction of a sheet or a layer of plasticified plas-tic material lying against the contour shaping mould sur-face, which is permeable for a gaseous working medium, amould is manufactured with the characteristics stated a-bove, in that at least the mould surface is formed by a particular composite material whose particles are bound to-gether for the formation of an open stable structure with air passages extending to the outer mould surface, and that the suction may then be carried out on the mould thus form-ed. In this way the total manufacturing process, counting from the start of the manufacturing of the mould to the de-livery of the object manufactured may be substantially cheaper, as it is no longer necessary to manufacture an ex-pensive metal mould. Therefore it will be possible to apply the suction technique mentioned above in an economically 2~ 2 ~
attractive way for the production of also small series of objects, and/or for the manufacture of specially formed ob-jects.
If for the purpose of binding together a particular S composite material is used whose particles are of such si~e and form that they may be wedged together it will at least partly be possible to avoid using a binding agent.
At another embodiment of the method according to the invention the particular composite material is linked to-gether before the start of the suction by the use of a bin-ding agent having such surface tension that it seeks to a-chieve the smallest possible surface size. Thus is achieved that the binding agent - possibly in connection with a pre-heating - flow together around the particles thus avoiding a clogging of the air passages between the particles, as an adhesion will only appear where the particles directly touch each other. ~n this connection it may be appropriate according to the invention that the particles have a round-ed form.
This also means that the permeability aimed at of the mould can be controlled and adjusted by a suitable selec-tion of the grain size of the particle material, and dis-tribution of the grains both in order to achieve favourable conditions for the adhesion connection between the particl-es, and for an appropriate dimensioning of the porosity, in order to avoid undesired pressure drop across a building material being unnecessarily compact.
The particular composite material may according to the invention before the start of the influence at the gaseous working medium be linked together by the application of a binding agent which after the compound of the particles leaves a free surface which has been smoothed. This method ensures an ade~uate surface slip also in cases where the contour shaping surface due to the already mentioned su~-face tension effect by the used binding agent for the link-ing together of the particles results in a free surface which immediately may seem rough.
;z~3~llz~
In accordance with thr invention the particular com-posite material particles before the start of the influence at the gaseous working medium be bound together by the ap-plication of a binding agent which is thermo hardening.
This has the advantage that the hardened mould may have a good slip effect towards the model which the contour shap-ing surface of the mould has been moulded against. Further-more, the final mould may thereby become temperature stable to such an extent as to achieve a high degree of freedom for the cleaning of the mould by the application of heat.
In accordance with the invention a thermo-hardening binding agent may be applied containing a fusible smoothing agent. Thus the mould may e.g. be subjected to a treatment with wax, oil or a teflon product. The fusible smoothing agent may counter an undesired depositing or detention of e.g. dust on the outside mould surface. Furthermore, by the application of heat and suction to a fusible smoothing a-gent this may contribute to a cleaning of the porosity of the mould.
In accordance with the invention the particular com-posite material particles before the start of the influence by the gaseous working medium may be linked together by the application of a binding agent, which before the final com-pound of the particles, presents wedging compound proper-ties. This may facilitate an easier contour shaping of the mould surface.
As an example of a thermo-hardening binding agent re-ference can be given to phenol resin and the wedging com-pound properties aimed at may e.g. be provided by also ap-plying silane.
As mentioned at the beginning, the removal of an ob-ject formed by depositing a plasticified plastic material on the outline-forming outside of the mould by suction may be performed in practice by affecting the object by com-pressed air through the air passages of the mould thuslifting the object free of the mould. If the object is soft, and for the purpose of removing the object from the ~(3~
mould a transfer mould is usually employed which is adap-ted for interaction with the side of the object pointing away from the above-mentioned outline-forming outside for the removal of the object from this outside and for the subsequent placing of the object on for instance a conveyer belt.
It is within the scope of the invention also to form such a transfer mould from a particular composite stone-particle material as mentioned above, as the particles of the material are bound together for the formation of an open, stable structure with thorough-going air passage to the outside of the mould and the thus created mould is con-nected with a source for a suction provoking vacuum, and for pressure air.
This means that also as regards this part of the total manufacturing process a cheap raw material may be used in connection with a production techni~ue which is simple, of short duration and thus cheap. The hardening time ma~y be reduced by the addition of accelerators to the binding a-gent.
A mould used in accordance with the invention can also be produced in such a way that it may, after use or in case of heavy wear, be regenerated as the particle-shaped build-ing material of the mould may be recycled.
Claims (18)
1. Vacuum mould for the manufacturing of moulded ob-jects from plastic, which mould is permeable for a gaseous working medium in order to let this medium influence a sheet, or a layer of plasticified plastic material through the material of the mould for by suction to bring the ma-terial to lie against the outline of the contour forming mould surface of the mould characterized by at least the mould surface consisting of a particular composite material whose particles are bound together for the formation of a moulding stable outer outline at the same time as they to-gether define open passages extending through the material of the mould to the outside of the outline-forming part of the mould.
2. Mould in accordance with claim 1, characterized by the composite material being a compound of particles of va-rious particle size, the particle size being small in the outline-forming part of the mould.
3. Mould in accordance with claim 3, characterized by the particles of the composite material being covered with a layer of binding agents.
4. Mould in accordance with claim 3, characterized by the binding agent being thermo-hardening.
5. Mould in accordance with claim 3, characterized by the binding agent containing an adhesion-improving agent.
6. Mould in accordance with any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized by the composite material having a rounded outline.
7. Mould in accordance with any of the claims 1 to 6, characterized by the composite material particles being in a mutual wedging compound.
8. Mould in accordance with any of the claims 1 to 7, characterized by the mould having below a basis part in which the particles are bound together by a real fusion, while the particles in the rest of the mould are bound to-gether by a hardening adhesion-compound.
9. Mould in accordance with any of the claims 1 to 8, characterized by the composite material particles being kept together by means of a binding agent at such strength that the mould may be used for subsequent pressing of an object.
10. Method for the manufacturing of moulded objects of plastic, as a sheet or a layer of plasticified plastic material through suction is placed against the outline-forming outside of a mould which is permeable in order to let a gaseous working medium influence the plastic material through the material of the mould, characterized by a mould being, prior to this influence, manufactured as described in any of the above-mentioned claims and, at least as re-gards the outline-forming part of the mould, being built by particular composite material whose particles are bound together for the creation of an open, stable structure with through-going air passages extending to the outside of the mould and the suction then being carried out on the mould thus created.
11. Method in accordance with claim 10, characterized by the use of a particular composite material whose par-ticles are of such size and shape that they can enter into a wedging connection with each other.
12. Method in accordance with claims 10 and 11, cha-racterized by the composite material particles being, prior to the start of the influence by the gaseous working me-dium, are bound together by means of a binding agent with such surface tension that it will attempt to achieve its smallest surface size.
13. Method in accordance with any of the claims 10 to 12, characterized by the composite material particles be-ing, prior to the start of the influence through the ga-seous working medium, bound together by means of a binding agent which after the binding of the particles leaves a free, smoothed surface.
14. Method in accordance with any of the claims 10 to 13, characterized by the composite material particles be-ing, prior to the start of the influence by the gaseous working medium, bound together by means of a thermo-harden-ing binding agent.
15. Method in accordance with claim 14, characterized by the use of a thermo-hardening binding agent containing a liquable smoothing agent.
16. Method in accordance with any of the claims 10 to 15, characterized by the composite material particles be-ing, prior to the start of the influence by the gaseous working medium, bound together by means of a binding agent which, prior to the final binding of the particles, shows adhesion-improving properties.
17. Method in accordance with any of the claims 10 to 16, characterized by the suction of the plasticified pla-stic material on the mould surface by means of a gaseous working medium being carried out by means of at least the mould surface being exposed to a vacuum provoking suction.
18. Method in accordance with any of the claims 10 to 17 mentioned above for the manufacturing of moulded objects of plastic to remove from the on the contour-forming mould-ing surface of a mould as stated in any of the claims 1 to 9 in accordance with any of the claims 10 to 17 by suction of a material layer formed object from this mould by means of an transfer mould being designed to interact with the side of the object pointing away from the described out-line-forming outside for the removal of the object from this outside, characterized by the transfer mould being ma-nufactured, prior to the removal as described in any of the above-mentioned claims and being connected with a source for a vacuum provoking suction and compression air.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK592188A DK592188A (en) | 1988-07-21 | 1988-10-25 | MANUFACTURE OF FORMED ARTICLES OF PLASTIC |
| DK5921/88 | 1988-10-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2001294A1 true CA2001294A1 (en) | 1990-04-25 |
Family
ID=8146175
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2001294 Abandoned CA2001294A1 (en) | 1988-10-25 | 1989-10-24 | Mould and method for the manufacture of moulded objects of plastic |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1042507A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4513789A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8905452A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2001294A1 (en) |
| CH (1) | CH677750A5 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2017054A6 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR1001026B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX169789B (en) |
| PT (1) | PT92095A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1990004509A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5772490B2 (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2015-09-02 | マックス株式会社 | Electric stapler |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH186280A (en) * | 1934-11-29 | 1936-09-15 | Limited Papercrete | Process for making articles of paper pulp and apparatus for carrying out this process. |
| DE900261C (en) * | 1944-07-04 | 1953-12-21 | Schiess Ag | Molding process |
| DE1604539A1 (en) * | 1966-08-26 | 1970-11-12 | Grace W R & Co | Interchangeable, permeable molds for shaping thermoplastic plastic sheets |
| CH664525A5 (en) * | 1985-10-10 | 1988-03-15 | Uniport Theodor Hirzel | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CASTING OF PARTICULAR PLASTICS AND RESIN CONCRETE OR mortar-MOLDING. |
| JPS62128711A (en) * | 1985-11-30 | 1987-06-11 | Kojima Press Co Ltd | Molding tool having permeability |
| ATE67441T1 (en) * | 1986-11-24 | 1991-10-15 | Polytex Plastic Sa | PRESSURE MOLD FOR FORMING THERSET COMPOSITES AND METHOD OF OPERATION OF THE PRESSURE MOLD. |
-
1989
- 1989-10-24 CA CA 2001294 patent/CA2001294A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1989-10-25 BR BR8905452A patent/BR8905452A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-10-25 AU AU45137/89A patent/AU4513789A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1989-10-25 WO PCT/DK1989/000252 patent/WO1990004509A1/en unknown
- 1989-10-25 MX MX1809789A patent/MX169789B/en unknown
- 1989-10-25 CH CH221090A patent/CH677750A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-10-25 GR GR890100688A patent/GR1001026B/en unknown
- 1989-10-25 ES ES8903595A patent/ES2017054A6/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-10-25 PT PT9209589A patent/PT92095A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-10-25 CN CN 89108945 patent/CN1042507A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2017054A6 (en) | 1990-12-16 |
| CH677750A5 (en) | 1991-06-28 |
| GR1001026B (en) | 1993-03-31 |
| BR8905452A (en) | 1990-05-29 |
| PT92095A (en) | 1990-04-30 |
| CN1042507A (en) | 1990-05-30 |
| WO1990004509A1 (en) | 1990-05-03 |
| GR890100688A (en) | 1990-11-29 |
| MX169789B (en) | 1993-07-26 |
| AU4513789A (en) | 1990-05-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |