CA2000748A1 - Steered axles for railroad (and other) vehicles - Google Patents
Steered axles for railroad (and other) vehiclesInfo
- Publication number
- CA2000748A1 CA2000748A1 CA 2000748 CA2000748A CA2000748A1 CA 2000748 A1 CA2000748 A1 CA 2000748A1 CA 2000748 CA2000748 CA 2000748 CA 2000748 A CA2000748 A CA 2000748A CA 2000748 A1 CA2000748 A1 CA 2000748A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- truck
- truck frame
- axles
- wheelsets
- axle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Abstract
PATENT APPLICATION
Steered Axles for Railroad (and other) Vehicles Abstract In a truck having a rigid frame and two or more axles, one axle is rigidly connected to the frame and the others are connected to the frame through pairs of non-parallel links. The links control the attitudes of the axles so that simultaneous lateral and yaw motions occur, thus ensuring true centring and radial alignment of all of the axles.
Steered Axles for Railroad (and other) Vehicles Abstract In a truck having a rigid frame and two or more axles, one axle is rigidly connected to the frame and the others are connected to the frame through pairs of non-parallel links. The links control the attitudes of the axles so that simultaneous lateral and yaw motions occur, thus ensuring true centring and radial alignment of all of the axles.
Description
St red Axles for R~ilro~d (and other) Vehicle~ p~ge 1 .
This invention relates to the carried in bearing housings 4 and steering of railroad vehicle axles 5. Link 6 connects irame 1, at into radial alignment with curved 75 pivot 8, to bearin8 houein84 at track. In particular it enables true pivot 10, and link 7 connect8 radial alignment to be achieved by irame 1, at pivot 9, to bearin8 all axles oi a truck which has a hous1n85 at ptvot 11. Wheel~et 3 rigid i'rame, even though one of is carried in bearing housings 12 the axle6 is iixed to the irame oi' 80 and 13 which are both ~txed to the truck and not adapted ior yaw ~rame 1.
motions relative to it. The i'orced-steering vereion oi the device Links 6 and 7 may also serve the could similarly be used to align purpose oi carrying the vehicle the axles oi highway trailers.85 load irom the truck irame to the bearing housing, thus eliminating In trucks having riBid irames the the need ior other load bearing irame typically spans between the devices such as sliders, shear housings oi the axle bearings and pads or springs between the ~rame thus takes up an orientation 90 and wheelset 2. Thts ts illustrated parallel to the chord joining the in iigure 5.two axle centres. In such a situation, if true radtal alignment The device as shown in iigures 4 of the axles is to be attained, each and 5 may be used as a seli-must be capable oi taking up a95 steering truck (i.e. one that will yaw angle relative to the truck generate radial alignment oi the irame (except, oi course, ior the wheelsets rrom the seli-centring ~-centre axb oi a three axle truck, eifect oi their conicity) and can which only needs lateral ireedom be made stable at practical -in order to be properly aligned). 100 operating speeds by provision Ol' -This situation is illustrated in suiiicient constraint at the pivots ~ -~
Figure 1. 8 and 9. The constratnt may take -~-the iorm oi dampers, iriction, -~ -The truck structure might be torsional spring stiiI'ness or a - ~::
simplified if one axle could be 105 combination oi all oi' these. Figure iixed to the truck irame and only 6 shows a construction ior the - -~
the second axle moved in relation pivot, using elastomeric elements, - - --to it to accomplish the steering. In which combines torsional elastic order for this to be achieved, the and damping constraint. Item 14 is movabb axle must move laterally 110the upper element, which also relative to the truck irame, at the carries the vertical load, item 15 `-same time as rotating in yaw. This is the lower one, the two elements is illustrated in Figure 2. form the pivot 8. -A mechanism which can create the 115There is a limit to the track -required yaw rotation when curvature upon which the truck oi displaced laterally is the four-bar figures 4 or 5 will operate ~--chain shown diagrammatically in satisiactorily. Once the track ~-Figure 3. In such a device, when curve radius becomes sui~iciently one leg moves laterally, relative to 120 small that the wheelset conicitr is the opposite one, it must also yaw insuIlicient to generate the - -relative to it. The amount of yaw required rolling radius difierence rotation will depend upon the between inner and outer wheels inclination oi the other two bars the seli-steering eiiect is in the chain relative to each 125 eliminated, and may even be - -other. Ii those two bars are reversed. In this situation radial -parallel to one another there will alignment is not achieved, or even be no rotation; as the angle approximated. Similarly, if the between them increases the amount internal, stabilizing, constraints OI yaw rotation increases. In 130 overcome the available adhesion at ~ -Figure 3 the 601id lines show an the wheel treads, seli-steering is initial position and the dashed again ineiiective.
lines show a displaced position.
This mechanism may be used to In these circumstances it becomes achieve the objective oi providing 135 advisable to include a iorced iull radial steering oi all axles steering mechanism connected to while allowing one axle to be fixed the carbody and relatin~ the to a rigid truck irame. interaxle angle to the truck/carbody swivel angle. It i8 ::
Figure 4 shows an embodiment of 140 well known that such a device can the invention applied to a two-axle also increase the vehicle stability truck. Item 1 is the truck frame, and improve curving. It also item 2 is one wheelset and item 3 eliminates the need for constraints the other wheelset. Wheelset 2 is at the pivots 8 and 9. Figure 7 SL ~ed Axles for R~ilro~d (~nd other) Vehicles p~e 2 show6 a mechanism, consisting of Extensions 23 and 24 are another four-bar chain, connected connected together by link 25. By between the truck frame and the 75 this simple expedient the yaw carbody, to provide the required motions ot the two outer axles are forcing input. In this device the con~trained to always be equal truck frame 1 and the carbody 16 and oppo~ite, thus preventing in-are connected by two non-parallel phase motion~ while no con~traint links 17 and 18. 80 18 imposed upon their out-of-phase ~or steering) motion~.
An alternate forced steering mechanism is shown in figure 8. In The device of figure 10 may al~o this case the wheelset 2 is forced be accomplished u~ing other to move laterally relative to the 85 arrangements, as will be obvious truck frame 1, by the action of to those skilled in the art. In the carbody swivel motion, particular the link 26 may be through lever 19 which is pivotted replaced by a hydraulic system, to frame 1 at 20, connected to which may prove more convenient.
bearing housing 4 by link 21 and 90 Figure 11 shows such a system in connected to the carbody 16 by which a hydraulic actustor 26 i~
link 22. connected between the e~ttendon of one link and the truck frame, ~ -Figures 7 and 8 show two possible hydraulic actuator 27 is connected steering mechanisms, other 95 between the extension oi the steering mechanisms which can second link and the truck frame .. 1 also relate the carbody/truck and the two actuators are swivel angle to the relative connected hydraulically through position oi wheel6et 2 and truck pipe 28. When hydraulic nuid i8 frame 1 are well-known to those 100 forced out of actuator 26 by the --~
skilled in the art. motion of the axle at one end it must be forced into actuator 27, Figure 9 shows the invention thus making the second a~le applied to a three-axle truck. In perform opposite motions to the - --~
this case the centre axle is fixed 105 first. If the axles attempted similar . ~
to the frame of the truck and motions to each other the ;` ~ -each of the outer axles is hydraulic iluid would be subjected connected to the frame by non- to pressure or vacuum and would parallel links which create the thus resist the motion. - -steering motions in response to 110 --`~ the axle lateral displacements, ~ -~ ~40 relative to the truck frame, caused ; ~ by the track curvature. This -- embodiment of the invention may be made stable at practical 115 operating speeds by the provision - -of constraint at the pivots 6uch as wa~ described for the two axle version. It may also be provided with steering linkages such as are 120 shown in figures 7 and 8 to 50 improve the curving and stability.
In the case of the three-axle truck, however, another mechanism may be resorted to, which does 125 not require that connections be 55 made to the car body.
The only mode of freedom not properly constrained in the truck 130 as shown in figure 9, if the pivots 60 are allowed to be freely moving without constraint, is one in which the two outer axles yaw in-phase with one another and the centre 135 axle and truck irame yaw together 65 and out-of-phase with the other two. This construction could lead to unstable oscillations in thi~
mode under certain circumstances. 140 This may be avoided by the device 70 shown in iigure 10. In this iigure link6 6 and 8 are shown with - ~
exten6ions 23 and 24 respectively. - ~
This invention relates to the carried in bearing housings 4 and steering of railroad vehicle axles 5. Link 6 connects irame 1, at into radial alignment with curved 75 pivot 8, to bearin8 houein84 at track. In particular it enables true pivot 10, and link 7 connect8 radial alignment to be achieved by irame 1, at pivot 9, to bearin8 all axles oi a truck which has a hous1n85 at ptvot 11. Wheel~et 3 rigid i'rame, even though one of is carried in bearing housings 12 the axle6 is iixed to the irame oi' 80 and 13 which are both ~txed to the truck and not adapted ior yaw ~rame 1.
motions relative to it. The i'orced-steering vereion oi the device Links 6 and 7 may also serve the could similarly be used to align purpose oi carrying the vehicle the axles oi highway trailers.85 load irom the truck irame to the bearing housing, thus eliminating In trucks having riBid irames the the need ior other load bearing irame typically spans between the devices such as sliders, shear housings oi the axle bearings and pads or springs between the ~rame thus takes up an orientation 90 and wheelset 2. Thts ts illustrated parallel to the chord joining the in iigure 5.two axle centres. In such a situation, if true radtal alignment The device as shown in iigures 4 of the axles is to be attained, each and 5 may be used as a seli-must be capable oi taking up a95 steering truck (i.e. one that will yaw angle relative to the truck generate radial alignment oi the irame (except, oi course, ior the wheelsets rrom the seli-centring ~-centre axb oi a three axle truck, eifect oi their conicity) and can which only needs lateral ireedom be made stable at practical -in order to be properly aligned). 100 operating speeds by provision Ol' -This situation is illustrated in suiiicient constraint at the pivots ~ -~
Figure 1. 8 and 9. The constratnt may take -~-the iorm oi dampers, iriction, -~ -The truck structure might be torsional spring stiiI'ness or a - ~::
simplified if one axle could be 105 combination oi all oi' these. Figure iixed to the truck irame and only 6 shows a construction ior the - -~
the second axle moved in relation pivot, using elastomeric elements, - - --to it to accomplish the steering. In which combines torsional elastic order for this to be achieved, the and damping constraint. Item 14 is movabb axle must move laterally 110the upper element, which also relative to the truck irame, at the carries the vertical load, item 15 `-same time as rotating in yaw. This is the lower one, the two elements is illustrated in Figure 2. form the pivot 8. -A mechanism which can create the 115There is a limit to the track -required yaw rotation when curvature upon which the truck oi displaced laterally is the four-bar figures 4 or 5 will operate ~--chain shown diagrammatically in satisiactorily. Once the track ~-Figure 3. In such a device, when curve radius becomes sui~iciently one leg moves laterally, relative to 120 small that the wheelset conicitr is the opposite one, it must also yaw insuIlicient to generate the - -relative to it. The amount of yaw required rolling radius difierence rotation will depend upon the between inner and outer wheels inclination oi the other two bars the seli-steering eiiect is in the chain relative to each 125 eliminated, and may even be - -other. Ii those two bars are reversed. In this situation radial -parallel to one another there will alignment is not achieved, or even be no rotation; as the angle approximated. Similarly, if the between them increases the amount internal, stabilizing, constraints OI yaw rotation increases. In 130 overcome the available adhesion at ~ -Figure 3 the 601id lines show an the wheel treads, seli-steering is initial position and the dashed again ineiiective.
lines show a displaced position.
This mechanism may be used to In these circumstances it becomes achieve the objective oi providing 135 advisable to include a iorced iull radial steering oi all axles steering mechanism connected to while allowing one axle to be fixed the carbody and relatin~ the to a rigid truck irame. interaxle angle to the truck/carbody swivel angle. It i8 ::
Figure 4 shows an embodiment of 140 well known that such a device can the invention applied to a two-axle also increase the vehicle stability truck. Item 1 is the truck frame, and improve curving. It also item 2 is one wheelset and item 3 eliminates the need for constraints the other wheelset. Wheelset 2 is at the pivots 8 and 9. Figure 7 SL ~ed Axles for R~ilro~d (~nd other) Vehicles p~e 2 show6 a mechanism, consisting of Extensions 23 and 24 are another four-bar chain, connected connected together by link 25. By between the truck frame and the 75 this simple expedient the yaw carbody, to provide the required motions ot the two outer axles are forcing input. In this device the con~trained to always be equal truck frame 1 and the carbody 16 and oppo~ite, thus preventing in-are connected by two non-parallel phase motion~ while no con~traint links 17 and 18. 80 18 imposed upon their out-of-phase ~or steering) motion~.
An alternate forced steering mechanism is shown in figure 8. In The device of figure 10 may al~o this case the wheelset 2 is forced be accomplished u~ing other to move laterally relative to the 85 arrangements, as will be obvious truck frame 1, by the action of to those skilled in the art. In the carbody swivel motion, particular the link 26 may be through lever 19 which is pivotted replaced by a hydraulic system, to frame 1 at 20, connected to which may prove more convenient.
bearing housing 4 by link 21 and 90 Figure 11 shows such a system in connected to the carbody 16 by which a hydraulic actustor 26 i~
link 22. connected between the e~ttendon of one link and the truck frame, ~ -Figures 7 and 8 show two possible hydraulic actuator 27 is connected steering mechanisms, other 95 between the extension oi the steering mechanisms which can second link and the truck frame .. 1 also relate the carbody/truck and the two actuators are swivel angle to the relative connected hydraulically through position oi wheel6et 2 and truck pipe 28. When hydraulic nuid i8 frame 1 are well-known to those 100 forced out of actuator 26 by the --~
skilled in the art. motion of the axle at one end it must be forced into actuator 27, Figure 9 shows the invention thus making the second a~le applied to a three-axle truck. In perform opposite motions to the - --~
this case the centre axle is fixed 105 first. If the axles attempted similar . ~
to the frame of the truck and motions to each other the ;` ~ -each of the outer axles is hydraulic iluid would be subjected connected to the frame by non- to pressure or vacuum and would parallel links which create the thus resist the motion. - -steering motions in response to 110 --`~ the axle lateral displacements, ~ -~ ~40 relative to the truck frame, caused ; ~ by the track curvature. This -- embodiment of the invention may be made stable at practical 115 operating speeds by the provision - -of constraint at the pivots 6uch as wa~ described for the two axle version. It may also be provided with steering linkages such as are 120 shown in figures 7 and 8 to 50 improve the curving and stability.
In the case of the three-axle truck, however, another mechanism may be resorted to, which does 125 not require that connections be 55 made to the car body.
The only mode of freedom not properly constrained in the truck 130 as shown in figure 9, if the pivots 60 are allowed to be freely moving without constraint, is one in which the two outer axles yaw in-phase with one another and the centre 135 axle and truck irame yaw together 65 and out-of-phase with the other two. This construction could lead to unstable oscillations in thi~
mode under certain circumstances. 140 This may be avoided by the device 70 shown in iigure 10. In this iigure link6 6 and 8 are shown with - ~
exten6ions 23 and 24 respectively. - ~
Claims (10)
1. A railroad truck having two wheelsets, each of said wheelsets comprising an axle with a pair of wheels rigidly a fixed to it and adapted for rotation about a pair of bearings, a truck frame for carrying the weight of the railroad car to said axle bearings, and hinged links connecting the bearing housings of one of said wheelsets to one end of said truck frame so as to allow combined lateral and yaw motions of said wheelset relative to said truck frame, the other of said wheelsets being fixed to said truck frame at its bearing housings.
2. The truck of claim 1 in which said hinged links are adapted to carry the vertical forces from said truck frame to said bearing housings.
3. The truck of claim 1 in which a linkage mechanism is connected between said truck frame said movable axle and said carbody St??ed fed Axles for Railroad (and other) Vehicles page 3 such that the swivel displacement rotate independently and carry between said carbody and said tires suitable for use on a truck frame causes lateral highway vehicle.
displacement between said movable axle and said truck frame. 11. The truck of claims 5 or 7 in which at least one pair of said
displacement between said movable axle and said truck frame. 11. The truck of claims 5 or 7 in which at least one pair of said
4. The truck of claim 2 in which a hinged links (one at each of said linkage mechanism is connected outer axles) are connected to each between said truck frame, said other by a linkage which movable axle and said carbody constrains the yaw motions of the such that the swivel displacement outer axles to be out-of-phase between said carbody and said with one another.
truck frame causes lateral displacement between said movable axle and said truck frame.
truck frame causes lateral displacement between said movable axle and said truck frame.
5. A railroad truck having three wheelsets, each of said wheelsets comprising an axle with a pair of wheels rigidly affixed to it and adapted for rotation about a pair of bearings, a truck frame for carrying the weight of the railroad car to said axle bearings, and hinged links connecting the bearing housings of each of the outer pair of said wheelsets to the corresponding ends of said truck frame so as to allow combined lateral and yaw motions o said wheelsets relative to said truck frame, the third of said wheelsets being fixed to said truck frame at its bearing housings.
6. The truck of claim 5 in which a linkage mechanism is connected between said truck frame, at least one of said movable axles and said carbody such that the swivel displacement between said carbody and said truck frame causes lateral displacement between said movable axles and said truck frame.
7. The truck of claim 5 in which said hinged links are adapted to carry vertical forces from said truck frame to said bearing housings.
8. The truck of claim 7 in which a linkage mechanism is connected between said truck frame, at least one of said movable axles and said carbody such that the swivel displacement between said carbody and said truck frame causes lateral displacement between said movable axles and said truck frame.
9. The truck of any of claims 1-8 wherein the wheelsets consist of axles upon which at least one of the pair of wheels may rotate freely on its own bearing.
10. The truck of any of claims 3,4,6 or 8 wherein the wheelsets are adapted to use wheels which
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2000748 CA2000748A1 (en) | 1989-10-16 | 1989-10-16 | Steered axles for railroad (and other) vehicles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2000748 CA2000748A1 (en) | 1989-10-16 | 1989-10-16 | Steered axles for railroad (and other) vehicles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2000748A1 true CA2000748A1 (en) | 1991-04-16 |
Family
ID=4143335
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2000748 Abandoned CA2000748A1 (en) | 1989-10-16 | 1989-10-16 | Steered axles for railroad (and other) vehicles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2000748A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7845287B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2010-12-07 | Restruck Technologies Inc. | Steered axle railway truck |
-
1989
- 1989-10-16 CA CA 2000748 patent/CA2000748A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7845287B2 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2010-12-07 | Restruck Technologies Inc. | Steered axle railway truck |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |