CA1315064C - Method and apparatus for manufacturing fibre board sheets - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for manufacturing fibre board sheetsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1315064C CA1315064C CA000585963A CA585963A CA1315064C CA 1315064 C CA1315064 C CA 1315064C CA 000585963 A CA000585963 A CA 000585963A CA 585963 A CA585963 A CA 585963A CA 1315064 C CA1315064 C CA 1315064C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- containing material
- drying
- lignocellulose
- fibre
- forming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
- B27N3/14—Distributing or orienting the particles or fibres
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract A method and an apparatus for manufacturing fibre board sheets according to the dry method. The fibre material is defibered in a defibrator (3), mixed with resin (7) and dried with hot gas in a tube drier (5). After the drying the drying gas is separated in a cyclone (15), whereafter the fibre material in a forming station (16) is formed to a fibre mat, which is pressed in a pre-press (27) and finally pressed in a hot-press (28). Due to the location of the cyclone (15) above the forming station (16), the fibres are transferred directly from the drying to the forming with substantially maintained temperature, which reduces the energy demand.
Description
~ 1315064 This invention relates to the manufacture of fibre board sheets according to the dry method, starting from ligno-cellulose-containing material such as wood, straw, bagasse etc.
Fibre board sheets of the type MDF (medium density fibre board) conventionally are manufactured according to the dry method by producing fibre in a defibrator, which fibre then is dried together with resin wax etc. in a tube drier, transported via a pneumatic or mechanical conveving system to a fibre bin, from which it is discharged in a controlled manner to a conveying system, which feeds it to a mat-laying station, in which a fibre mat is formed in a controlled manner.
This mat later on is hot-pressed in the production line to form a complete MDF-sheet. Multi-layer sheets also are manufactured in a corresponding manner.
In this process, from drying all the way to forming, a large amount of energy is used, for the drying as well as the conveying work. The moisture ratio prior to the drying is about 100% and after the drying about 10%. Owing to the special require-ments on the drying procedure at the drying of fibres, it is not possible to use the more energy-efficient driers as they are used, for example, in the particle board industry, but one is reduced to use a tube drier. This drier requires a great amount of energy per ton of fibre, which energy normally is produced in a steam boiler, hot oil boiler or the like, whereafter the energy is transferred to the drying gas via a heat exchanger.
At their discharge from the drier, the fibres have a :
'~ ' ' ; :
: . :
' ,~
131~06~
Fibre board sheets of the type MDF (medium density fibre board) conventionally are manufactured according to the dry method by producing fibre in a defibrator, which fibre then is dried together with resin wax etc. in a tube drier, transported via a pneumatic or mechanical conveving system to a fibre bin, from which it is discharged in a controlled manner to a conveying system, which feeds it to a mat-laying station, in which a fibre mat is formed in a controlled manner.
This mat later on is hot-pressed in the production line to form a complete MDF-sheet. Multi-layer sheets also are manufactured in a corresponding manner.
In this process, from drying all the way to forming, a large amount of energy is used, for the drying as well as the conveying work. The moisture ratio prior to the drying is about 100% and after the drying about 10%. Owing to the special require-ments on the drying procedure at the drying of fibres, it is not possible to use the more energy-efficient driers as they are used, for example, in the particle board industry, but one is reduced to use a tube drier. This drier requires a great amount of energy per ton of fibre, which energy normally is produced in a steam boiler, hot oil boiler or the like, whereafter the energy is transferred to the drying gas via a heat exchanger.
At their discharge from the drier, the fibres have a :
'~ ' ' ; :
: . :
' ,~
131~06~
temperature of 60-70C. In the handllng described above, the temperature of the fibres then drops to room temperature. At the subsequent hot pressing the fibre mat has to be reheated to above 100C for bringing about the intended curing of the resin so that a sheet with sufficient strength properties is obtained. Hereby additional energy is lost, at the same time as the heating time in the hot press is long, which means that the production is restricted.
The present invention has the object to reduce the energy demand in the manufacture of fibre board sheets according to the dry method.
This object is in accordance with the invention which, in one aspect, resides in a method for manufacturing fibre board sheets from defibered lignocellulose-containing material comprising drying said defibered lignocellulose-containing material wlth heated gas in a tube dryer, tranæferring said dried lignocellulose-containing materlal directly to a forming station while malntalning said heated gas in contact wlth said dried lignocellulose-containlng material substantially throughout sald transferring step, and forming said dried lignocellulose-containlng material into a flbre web at said forming station whereby the temperature of said dried llgnocellulose-containing material is substantially maintained from said drying step to said formlng station.
In another aspect, the lnvention resides in an apparatus for manufacturing fibre board sheets from deflbered llgnocellulose-containing material comprlsing drying means ' , ., ' ' :
.
.
The present invention has the object to reduce the energy demand in the manufacture of fibre board sheets according to the dry method.
This object is in accordance with the invention which, in one aspect, resides in a method for manufacturing fibre board sheets from defibered lignocellulose-containing material comprising drying said defibered lignocellulose-containing material wlth heated gas in a tube dryer, tranæferring said dried lignocellulose-containing materlal directly to a forming station while malntalning said heated gas in contact wlth said dried lignocellulose-containlng material substantially throughout sald transferring step, and forming said dried lignocellulose-containlng material into a flbre web at said forming station whereby the temperature of said dried llgnocellulose-containing material is substantially maintained from said drying step to said formlng station.
In another aspect, the lnvention resides in an apparatus for manufacturing fibre board sheets from deflbered llgnocellulose-containing material comprlsing drying means ' , ., ' ' :
.
.
comprising a first drying means comprising a first tube dryer for partially drying said defibered lignocellulose-containing material with a heated gas, second drying means comprising a second tube dryer for drying said partially dried lignocellulose-containing material with a heated gas, and a first cyclone for separating said heated gas from said partially dried lignocellulose-containing material between said first and second drying means, forming means for forming said dried lignocellulose-containing material into a fibre web, and transfer means for transferring said dried lignocellulose-containing material from said drying means directly to said forming means.
The invention is described in greater detail in the following, with reference to the accompanying Figure, which shows an example of the application of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
A fibre bin 1 ls connected to a preheater 2, from which fibres are supplled to a deflbrator 3. Defibered material is directed through a blow line 4, possibly via a steam separator, to a tube drier S. Condults for the supply of wax 6 and binding agent 7 normally are provided in connection to the deflbrator and blow llne, but also other arrangements are used.
In the embodiment shown, the tube drier 5 is a two step unit. The first step comprises a first device 8 for gas supply and a flrst drying tube 9 with a first fan 10. The blow line g is connected to the drylng tube 9, whlch opens lnto a first cyclone 11 for gas separation. The separated drylng gas is recycled via a return line 12 to the first gas supply device 8 for recovering the heat content by heat exchange.
,' .~"
,. si.,,~, , -3a 28229-14 The second ~tep comprises a second device 13 for gas supply and a second drying tube 14 with a second fan 30. The fibre ma~erial from the first cyclone 11 is fed into the second drying tube 14, which opens into a second cyclone 15 for gas separation. Said second cyclone 15 is located in dlrect connection to a forming station 16. For achieving optimum drying economy, the temperature at the first drying step shall be higher than at the second drying step.
The forming station 16 is of a conventional type and compriseæ a fibre bin 17, from which the fibres are fed to a mat-laying station 18, which dis~ributes and lays the fibres so as to form a mat on a running wire 19. Beneath the wire, in most cases suction boxes 20 are provided. These suction boxes are connected via conduits 21 to fans 22, which produce a suitable vacuum in the suction boxes. At the same time, the air used at distribution and laylng of the flbres ls conducted away thereby. As a certain amount of fibres follows along with this air flow, the conduits open lnto flbre separators 23, from whlch separated fibres are transported by a fan 24 through a return line 25 back to the fibre bin 17. Prlor to the feed of these fibres into the fibre bin, the transportlng air ls separated in a cyclone 26. The separated air from the fibre separators 23 at least partially can be returned to the fibre bin 17 for controlling the air temperature (not shown in the Figure).
The fibre mat formed thereafter is sub~ected in a conventional manner to presslng ln a pre-press 27 and to final pressing at a temperature over 100C ln a hot press 28.
Although the method with two-step drying described above .
, ' - 131~6~
3b 28229-14 is to be preferred~ it is possible to dry in a one-step tuhe drler. Subsequent cyclones for gas separation then are to be placed in direct connection to the forming station 16. Compared with one-step driers, however, .' , ' 131~0~4 the use of two-step driers implies a reduction of the energy demand by approximately 20%, At two-step drying the second cyclone 15 can be designed substantially smaller than the first one 11. This fac-ilitates the positioning in connection to the forming station 16 straight above the fibre bin 17. The fibre bin hereby can be filled directly with hot fibres and, therefore~ an energy requiring pneumatic or mechanical conveying system from cyclone to bin can be excluded.
Such a conveying system normally cools the fibres.
Two-st~ep drying further implies, that the heat-curing binding agent, which normally is supplied in the form of a liquid consisting to more than half of water, can be supplied between the two drying steps. The moisture ratio then is 15-40%. Compared with ~inding prior ~o and, respectively, after the drying, several advantages are gained.
The resi?nconsumption can be reduced in relation to binding prior to the drying, because the resin must not be exposed to the temperature at the first step, which temperature from an energy-technical aspect is desired to be hi~h. At this high temperature, the reSiniS de-stroyed partially or cures too early.
Furthermore, no resinspots develop, which otherwise are caused by the non-uniform resin distribution at binding after the drying.
The drying costs decrease compared with ~inding after the drying, because then the drying must be carried out to a lower moisture ratio in order to compensate for the water content of the resin. Drying to too low a moisture ratio, moreover, increases the fire risk.
Preferably both binding agent and hardener are added between the drying steps, but the hardener possibly can be added after the second drying step.
Owing to the low moisture ratio at the second drying step, the risk of condensation in the fibre bin 17 or mat-laying station 18 is avoided.
..
''' ' ' ~ .:
.
131506~
By positioning the fibre bin 17 directly above the mat-laying station 18, or by utilizing the fibre bin directly as mat-laying station, also the conventional conveying system at this stage is excluded, which also here results in reduced energy consumption and the possibility of maintaining the fibres warm.
Due to the fact, that the temperature of the fibres according to the invention substantially is maintained between the drying and forming, the capacity of the hot-press is increased and the energy consumption is decreased, The invention, of course, is not restricted to the embodiments shown, but can be varied within the scope of the inventive concept.
, '
The invention is described in greater detail in the following, with reference to the accompanying Figure, which shows an example of the application of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
A fibre bin 1 ls connected to a preheater 2, from which fibres are supplled to a deflbrator 3. Defibered material is directed through a blow line 4, possibly via a steam separator, to a tube drier S. Condults for the supply of wax 6 and binding agent 7 normally are provided in connection to the deflbrator and blow llne, but also other arrangements are used.
In the embodiment shown, the tube drier 5 is a two step unit. The first step comprises a first device 8 for gas supply and a flrst drying tube 9 with a first fan 10. The blow line g is connected to the drylng tube 9, whlch opens lnto a first cyclone 11 for gas separation. The separated drylng gas is recycled via a return line 12 to the first gas supply device 8 for recovering the heat content by heat exchange.
,' .~"
,. si.,,~, , -3a 28229-14 The second ~tep comprises a second device 13 for gas supply and a second drying tube 14 with a second fan 30. The fibre ma~erial from the first cyclone 11 is fed into the second drying tube 14, which opens into a second cyclone 15 for gas separation. Said second cyclone 15 is located in dlrect connection to a forming station 16. For achieving optimum drying economy, the temperature at the first drying step shall be higher than at the second drying step.
The forming station 16 is of a conventional type and compriseæ a fibre bin 17, from which the fibres are fed to a mat-laying station 18, which dis~ributes and lays the fibres so as to form a mat on a running wire 19. Beneath the wire, in most cases suction boxes 20 are provided. These suction boxes are connected via conduits 21 to fans 22, which produce a suitable vacuum in the suction boxes. At the same time, the air used at distribution and laylng of the flbres ls conducted away thereby. As a certain amount of fibres follows along with this air flow, the conduits open lnto flbre separators 23, from whlch separated fibres are transported by a fan 24 through a return line 25 back to the fibre bin 17. Prlor to the feed of these fibres into the fibre bin, the transportlng air ls separated in a cyclone 26. The separated air from the fibre separators 23 at least partially can be returned to the fibre bin 17 for controlling the air temperature (not shown in the Figure).
The fibre mat formed thereafter is sub~ected in a conventional manner to presslng ln a pre-press 27 and to final pressing at a temperature over 100C ln a hot press 28.
Although the method with two-step drying described above .
, ' - 131~6~
3b 28229-14 is to be preferred~ it is possible to dry in a one-step tuhe drler. Subsequent cyclones for gas separation then are to be placed in direct connection to the forming station 16. Compared with one-step driers, however, .' , ' 131~0~4 the use of two-step driers implies a reduction of the energy demand by approximately 20%, At two-step drying the second cyclone 15 can be designed substantially smaller than the first one 11. This fac-ilitates the positioning in connection to the forming station 16 straight above the fibre bin 17. The fibre bin hereby can be filled directly with hot fibres and, therefore~ an energy requiring pneumatic or mechanical conveying system from cyclone to bin can be excluded.
Such a conveying system normally cools the fibres.
Two-st~ep drying further implies, that the heat-curing binding agent, which normally is supplied in the form of a liquid consisting to more than half of water, can be supplied between the two drying steps. The moisture ratio then is 15-40%. Compared with ~inding prior ~o and, respectively, after the drying, several advantages are gained.
The resi?nconsumption can be reduced in relation to binding prior to the drying, because the resin must not be exposed to the temperature at the first step, which temperature from an energy-technical aspect is desired to be hi~h. At this high temperature, the reSiniS de-stroyed partially or cures too early.
Furthermore, no resinspots develop, which otherwise are caused by the non-uniform resin distribution at binding after the drying.
The drying costs decrease compared with ~inding after the drying, because then the drying must be carried out to a lower moisture ratio in order to compensate for the water content of the resin. Drying to too low a moisture ratio, moreover, increases the fire risk.
Preferably both binding agent and hardener are added between the drying steps, but the hardener possibly can be added after the second drying step.
Owing to the low moisture ratio at the second drying step, the risk of condensation in the fibre bin 17 or mat-laying station 18 is avoided.
..
''' ' ' ~ .:
.
131506~
By positioning the fibre bin 17 directly above the mat-laying station 18, or by utilizing the fibre bin directly as mat-laying station, also the conventional conveying system at this stage is excluded, which also here results in reduced energy consumption and the possibility of maintaining the fibres warm.
Due to the fact, that the temperature of the fibres according to the invention substantially is maintained between the drying and forming, the capacity of the hot-press is increased and the energy consumption is decreased, The invention, of course, is not restricted to the embodiments shown, but can be varied within the scope of the inventive concept.
, '
Claims (14)
1. A method for manufacturing fibre board sheets from defibered lignocellulose-containing material comprising drying said defibered lignocellulose-containing material with heated gas in a tube dryer, transferring said dried lignocellulose-containing material directly to a forming station while maintaining said heated gas in contact with said dried lignocellulose-containing material substantially throughout said transferring step, and forming said dried lignocellulose-containing material into a fibre web at said forming station whereby the temperature of said dried lignocellulose-containing material is substantially maintained from said drying step to said forming station.
2. The method of claim 1 including mixing said defibered lignocellulose-containing material with a binding agent.
3. The method of claim 1 including a pre-pressing said fibre web.
4. The method of claim 3 including pressing said pre-pressed fibre web in a hot press.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein said drying of said defibered lignocellulose-containing material comprises first and second drying steps.
6. Apparatus for manufacturing fibre board sheets from defibered lignocellulose-containing material comprising drying means comprising a first drying means comprising a first tube dryer for partially drying said defibered lignocellulose-containing material with a heated gas, second drying means comprising a second tube dryer for drying said partially dried lignocellulose-containing material with a heated gas, and a first cyclone for separating said heated gas from said partially dried lignocellulose-containing material between said first and second drying means, forming means for forming said dried lignocellulose-containing material into a fibre web, and transfer means for transferring said dried lignocellulose-containing material from said drying means directly to said forming means.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said transfer means comprises a second cyclone for separating said heated gas from said dried lignocellulose-containing material, said second cyclone being juxtaposed with said forming means.
8. The apparatus of claim 6 including means for supplying binding agent to said defibered lignocellulose-containing material.
9. The apparatus of claim 6 including pre-pressing means for pre-pressing said fibre web.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 including a hot press for pressing said pre-pressed fibre web.
11. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said forming means includes a fibre bin.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said forming means includes a mat-laying station, and wherein said fibre bin is located directly above said mat-laying station.
13. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said forming means includes a mat-laylng station, and wherein said fibre bin and said mat-laying station comprise a single unit, whereby the laying of said fibres in said mat-laying station takes place directly from said fibre bin.
14. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said transfer means comprises a second cyclone for separating said heated gas from said dried lignocellugose-containing material.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8705012-6 | 1987-12-16 | ||
| SE8705012A SE461962B (en) | 1987-12-16 | 1987-12-16 | SET AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING FIBER BOARD DISKS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1315064C true CA1315064C (en) | 1993-03-30 |
Family
ID=20370608
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000585963A Expired - Fee Related CA1315064C (en) | 1987-12-16 | 1988-12-15 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing fibre board sheets |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5034175A (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2655708B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1315064C (en) |
| FI (1) | FI91614C (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1224581B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE461962B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1989005716A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4122842C2 (en) * | 1991-07-10 | 1993-11-18 | Glunz Ag | Process for the production of fiberboard from lumpy wood particles and isocyanate as a binder |
| US5520777A (en) * | 1994-02-28 | 1996-05-28 | Midnorth Forest Industry Alliance Inc. | Method of manufacturing fiberboard and fiberboard produced thereby |
| SE509089C2 (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 1998-12-07 | Sunds Defibrator Ind Ab | Process for making slices from lignocellulosic material |
| BR9907063A (en) * | 1998-08-05 | 2000-10-17 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Process for the production of mdf boards |
| MXPA03004204A (en) * | 2000-11-14 | 2003-09-22 | Weyerhaeuser Co | Crosslinked cellulosic product formed by extrusion process. |
| SE524788C2 (en) * | 2003-02-11 | 2004-10-05 | Metso Paper Sundsvall Ab | Method and apparatus for producing and treating wood fibers |
| US7368037B2 (en) * | 2003-05-21 | 2008-05-06 | Masonite Corporation | Refiner steam separation system for reduction of dryer emissions |
| DE102004054162B3 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2006-05-04 | Flakeboard Company Limited, St.Stephen | Method and device for preventing contamination of a transport device due to freshly glued fibers |
| GB0606063D0 (en) * | 2006-03-25 | 2006-05-03 | Building Res Establishment Ltd | Process for making construction, insulation or packaging products |
| JP6263933B2 (en) * | 2013-10-03 | 2018-01-24 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Sheet manufacturing equipment |
| JP6589298B2 (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2019-10-16 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Sheet manufacturing apparatus and sheet manufacturing method |
| CN105500492B (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2018-03-23 | 长兴吉尼雅家具有限公司 | A kind of compound deal board of modification for wardrobe purifying formaldehyde |
| US11499778B2 (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2022-11-15 | Douglas Technical Limited | Apparatus and method for continuously drying bulk goods, in particular wood chips and/or wood fibers comprising a solid fired hot gas generator |
| CN110382961A (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2019-10-25 | 道格拉斯科技有限公司 | The device and method including hot gas cyclone separator for continuous drying bulk product, particularly sawdust and/or wood-fibred |
| US11248845B2 (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2022-02-15 | Douglas Technical Limited | Apparatus and method for continuously drying bulk goods, in particular wood chips and/or wood fibers comprising a heat exchanger |
| UA125909C2 (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2022-07-06 | Даґлас Текнікал Лімітед | Apparatus and method for continuously drying bulk goods |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3903229A (en) * | 1968-12-23 | 1975-09-02 | Andre Mark | Method for producing a compressed band of wood fibers for the production of wood fiber boards |
| SE334022B (en) * | 1969-01-22 | 1971-04-05 | Motala Verkstad Ab | |
| US4407771A (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1983-10-04 | The Celotex Corporation | Blow line addition of isocyanate binder in fiberboard manufacture |
| SE442724B (en) * | 1982-06-07 | 1986-01-27 | Sunds Defibrator | SET FOR MANUFACTURING FIBER DISKS ACCORDING TO THE DRY METHOD |
| SE446996B (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1986-10-20 | Sunds Defibrator | PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING MATERIAL OF FIBER MATERIAL FOR USING LAMINATE FILM |
| SE454337B (en) * | 1987-01-15 | 1988-04-25 | Bengt Johan Carlsson | SET FOR MANUFACTURING MULTI-LAYER FIBER MATERIAL |
-
1987
- 1987-12-16 SE SE8705012A patent/SE461962B/en unknown
-
1988
- 1988-10-18 US US07/488,038 patent/US5034175A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-18 WO PCT/SE1988/000546 patent/WO1989005716A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1988-10-18 JP JP63509270A patent/JP2655708B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-22 IT IT8848579A patent/IT1224581B/en active
- 1988-12-15 CA CA000585963A patent/CA1315064C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-06-15 FI FI903039A patent/FI91614C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE461962B (en) | 1990-04-23 |
| IT1224581B (en) | 1990-10-04 |
| FI903039A0 (en) | 1990-06-15 |
| IT8848579A0 (en) | 1988-11-22 |
| US5034175A (en) | 1991-07-23 |
| SE8705012D0 (en) | 1987-12-16 |
| FI91614B (en) | 1994-04-15 |
| FI91614C (en) | 1994-07-25 |
| JPH03503030A (en) | 1991-07-11 |
| SE8705012L (en) | 1989-06-17 |
| JP2655708B2 (en) | 1997-09-24 |
| WO1989005716A1 (en) | 1989-06-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKLA | Lapsed |