CA1307895C - Floatation cover - Google Patents
Floatation coverInfo
- Publication number
- CA1307895C CA1307895C CA 596119 CA596119A CA1307895C CA 1307895 C CA1307895 C CA 1307895C CA 596119 CA596119 CA 596119 CA 596119 A CA596119 A CA 596119A CA 1307895 C CA1307895 C CA 1307895C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- panel
- skirt
- edges
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/34—Large containers having floating covers, e.g. floating roofs or blankets
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Flotation covers for large bodies of liquid, e.g.
reservoirs usually consist of large sheets or panels adapted to float on the surface of the liquid. Such covers are adapted to follow changes in liquid level. However, in general, the problem of covering the surface of the liquid around the periphery of the cover is not addressed. A
solution to this problem involves a panel covering all but the peripheral edges of the liquid surface, cables connected to the edges of the panel and to counterweights for maintaining the panel centered on the surface, and floats for supporting the edges of the panel and the bottom edge of a skirt, which extends upwardly to the wall of the reservoir, the skirt being connected to the cables by slip rings, so that the skirt folds and unfolds as the liquid level rises and falls.
Flotation covers for large bodies of liquid, e.g.
reservoirs usually consist of large sheets or panels adapted to float on the surface of the liquid. Such covers are adapted to follow changes in liquid level. However, in general, the problem of covering the surface of the liquid around the periphery of the cover is not addressed. A
solution to this problem involves a panel covering all but the peripheral edges of the liquid surface, cables connected to the edges of the panel and to counterweights for maintaining the panel centered on the surface, and floats for supporting the edges of the panel and the bottom edge of a skirt, which extends upwardly to the wall of the reservoir, the skirt being connected to the cables by slip rings, so that the skirt folds and unfolds as the liquid level rises and falls.
Description
- ~L3~7~39~
This invention relates to a cover, and in particular to a flotation cover for large liquid containers such as reservoirs.
In general, covers for large liquid containers such as reservoirs are defined by large sheets or panels of buoyant material which float on the surface of the liquid. In most cases the cover extends completely between the sides of the container, and follows changes in liquid level. Examples of floating roofs or covers are described in United States Patents Nos. 3,313,443, which issued to H.~. Dial et al on April 11, 1967 and 3,991,900, which issued to N.R. Burke et al on November 16, 1976.
In some cases, covers of the type proposed by applicant are bulky and expensive to produce~ Moreover, the covers extend between the sides of the containers which presents a problem in large containers such as reservoirs. A
large area, heavy cover would create a considerable amount of friction with the container sides. It is readily apparent that a need still exists ~or a flotation cover for large liquid containers such as reservolrs.
; The object of the present invention is to meet this need by providing a relatively simple flotation cover for a l~arge liquid container which is adapted to continuously cover ~; the entlre surface of the liquid without sliding against the sides of the container.
: :
~ ~ :
'~ '' ,'- ' , ' ~3~7~3~5 Accordingly, the invention relates to a flotation cover for liquid in a container comprising buoyant central panel means for covering the central area of the liquid leaving a peripheral area of the surface of the liquid uncovered; flexible skirt means for connection at one edge to the periphery o~ said panel means,and at the other edge to the container sides for covering said peripheral area, said skirt means being sufficiently wide that the skirt means remains attached to the container sides and panel means at all levels of liquid in the container; tension means for connecting said cover means to the container side walls in a manner such that the cover means remains substantially in one position on the liquid surface during changes in liquid level in the container; and coupling means for slidably connecting said skirt means to said tension means, whereby the skirt means moves between folded and unfolded positions during changes in liquid level in the container.
The invention will be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a~preferred embodiment of the invention, and wherein:
Figure 1 is a sch~matic, plan view of a panel and tensionlng devices used in the flotation cover of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a schematic, plan view of a second form of panel used in the flotation device of the present invention;
. .
`
: - :, ' ' . ., ' . ' : ~ :
~307~3~35 Figure 3 is a cross section taken generally along line III-III of Fig. 2;
Figure 4 is a plan view of a tab and clamp assembly used in the cover of Figs. 1 and 2;
Figure 5 is a cross section of the tab and clamp assembly of Fig. 4;
Figures 6 to 8 are schematic, cross sectional views of one side of a reservoir and the cover of Fig. l;
Figure 9 is a cross~sectional view of a joint between a floating panel and a reservoir side wall;
Figure 10 is a front view of the joint of Fig. 9;
Figure 11 is a cross section of an uppér wall attachment for the skirt used in the cover of Figs. 1 and 2;
Figure 12 is a side view of tabs used to connect a cable to the skirt used in the covers of Figs. 1, 2 and 6 to 8;
Figure 13 is a front view of the tab of Fig. 12; and Figures 14 and 15 are schematic, cross-sectional ~ views of one side of an in-ground style reservoir and a second embodiment of the cover of the present invention.
It will be appreciated that for the sake of simplicity parts have been omitted from some of the drawings, and ln particular from Figs. 1 and 2.
With reference to Figs. 1 and 2 the cover of the present invention is intended for use on a reservoir or any ~: :: :
~ other large~liquid container. The reservoir can be circular :
.
- ~ :
, ~3~7~
(Fig. 1) or rectangular (Fig. 2). In any case, he cover includes a plas~ic panel 1, which is formed of elongated, polyethylene strips 2 welded together along their edges 3.
The panel 1 covers all but a narrow peripheral portion 4 of the surface of the liquid. Floats 5 are attached to the periphery of the panel 1 at a plurality of spaced apart locations for rendering the edges of the panel buoyant and capable of carrying the weight of a folded sidewall. The floats 5 maintain the edges of the panel elevated, so that gases escaping from the liquid can flow from beneath the panel 1 when the liquid is sewage or another waste which releases gases. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, elongated cellular plastic floats 6 can be provided in downwardly extending pockets 7 to provide flow paths for gas escaping from the liquid in the reservoir.
The panel 1 is maintained in the centre of the top surface of the liquid by a plurality of cables 8 spaced equidistant apart around the periphery thereof and extending over the top edge of the wall 10 of the reservoir to counterweights 11. Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, in order to connect the cables 8 to the panel 1, ~lexible tabs 13 are ; secured to the panel 1 by adhesive or welding. A clamp assembly generally indicated at 14 is attached to the outer free ends of the two strips 15 and 16 defining the tabs 13.
2S The clamp assembly 14 includes top and bottom metal plates 17 and 18, respectively which are connected to each other and to , . . , . , ~
- , :
.
. . ~ . .
, . :
: ' the tabs 13 by bolts 19 and nuts 20. An inverted U-shaped loop 21 extends outwardly from the top plates 17 to a link 22.
The cable 8 extends through the link 22 and is doubled over on itself and secured together by a connector 23. The cable 8 extends from the link 22 up to pulleys 25 and 26 (Figs. 5 to 8) on the top of the reservoir wall 10, around a pulley 27 carried by the counterweight 11 and up to a fixed point on the bracket or cap carrying the pulleys 25 and 26. Thus, as the liquid level in the resarvoir falls and rises (Figs. 6 to 8), the panel 1 follows the surface of the liquid and is maintained under tension by the cables 8 and counterweights 11 .
The remainder of the liquid, i.e. the peripheral portion 4 of the liquid is covered by a flexible skirt 29.
The bottom edge 30 of the skirt 29 is connected to the periphery of the panel 1 by a seam structure g~nerally indicated at 32 (Figs. 5, 9 an 10). The seam structure 32 includes staggered top and bottom metal battens 33 and 34, i.e. battens 33 and 34, the ends of which are not aligned.
~ The bottom edge 30 of the skirt 29 is folded over on itself and sandwiched between the top batten 33 and a sponge gasket strip 36. The battens 33 and 34 are held together by bolts 37 and nuts 38.
As best shown in Fig. 11, the top edge 39 of the skirt 29 is connected continuously to the reservoir wall 10 near the top thereof by anchor bolts 40 embedded in the wall : S
.
~L3~
10 and nuts 41 (one shown). The top edge 39 of the skirt 29 is sandwiched between a closed cell neoprene gasket 42 and clamp bars 43.
The flexible skirt 29 is slidably attached to the cables 8 by a plurality of slip rings 44 (Figs. 12 and 13) and tabs 46 of inverted T-shaped cross section~ The tabs 46 are bonded to the skirt 29. A grommet 47 is provided in each tab 46 for receiving a link 49, which carries the ring 44.
When the reservoir is empty (Fig. 6), the panel 1 and the floats 5 rest on the bottom 49 of the reservoir, and the skirt 29 is extended. As the liquid level in the reservoir rises (Fig. 7), the floats 5 and the panel 1 also rise, the floats 5 preventing sinking of the edge of the panel 2. As the liquid level rises the skirt 29 folds accordion style towards the bottom end of the cable 8 until the reservoir is full (Fig. 8). When the reservoir is used to store a liquid such as sewage or other waste which releases gases, the floats 5 hold the edges of the panel 1 up, facilitating the escape of gas to the area beneath the skirt ;
29. Outlet tubes 50 (one shown) are provided in the wall 10 ; of the reYer~oir for discharging gas therefrom.
In another embodiment of the invention/ ~Figs. 14 and 15), the cover is used in an in-ground reservoir w1th a s~loping side 51. The cables 8 extend from the floats 5 beneath pulleys 53 (one shown) and around pulleys 54 on top of n te~ns1on tower 55~conta1n1ng a counterweight 57.
~ ~ 6 '~ :' ' ~ ' ' ' -: , -, , . ' :
' .':
- 130~ 5 In the preferred embodiments of the invention, the spacing between the floats 5 is approximately ten feet. It will be appreciated that the float spacing can be changed depending on the situation. Moreover, the floats can be sealed plastic pipes or bags rather than the foam plastic illustrated in the drawings. When pipe is used, a continuous pipe can extend around the entire periphery of the panel 1.
The floats 5 make the panel 1 concave for directing rainwater to a central drain (not shown). As mentioned, when the cover is used on a digester or other gas producing reservoir, the floats permit gas to escape towards the sides of the reservoir where the gas can readily be removed. Of course, in some circumstances, no perimeter floats are required.
By folding the skirt 29 onto the floats 5 or the outer edge of the panel 5 (Figs. 6 to 8), the possibility of freezing of the folded skirt when the liquid freezes is avoided. When covering waste materials, it is essential that the skirt 29 be kept out of the liquid so that gas can readily escape to the perimeter. Moreover, the skirt 29 is kept kelow the top edge of the side of the reservoir or tank to reduce the likelihood of wind damage.
In operation, the cables 8 and counterweights 11 or 57 maintain the panel 1 centered in the reservoir. The skixt 29 covers the periphery of the liquid and permits free vertical movement of the panel 1 without exposing any of the surface of the liquid in the reservoir.
: ' :
This invention relates to a cover, and in particular to a flotation cover for large liquid containers such as reservoirs.
In general, covers for large liquid containers such as reservoirs are defined by large sheets or panels of buoyant material which float on the surface of the liquid. In most cases the cover extends completely between the sides of the container, and follows changes in liquid level. Examples of floating roofs or covers are described in United States Patents Nos. 3,313,443, which issued to H.~. Dial et al on April 11, 1967 and 3,991,900, which issued to N.R. Burke et al on November 16, 1976.
In some cases, covers of the type proposed by applicant are bulky and expensive to produce~ Moreover, the covers extend between the sides of the containers which presents a problem in large containers such as reservoirs. A
large area, heavy cover would create a considerable amount of friction with the container sides. It is readily apparent that a need still exists ~or a flotation cover for large liquid containers such as reservolrs.
; The object of the present invention is to meet this need by providing a relatively simple flotation cover for a l~arge liquid container which is adapted to continuously cover ~; the entlre surface of the liquid without sliding against the sides of the container.
: :
~ ~ :
'~ '' ,'- ' , ' ~3~7~3~5 Accordingly, the invention relates to a flotation cover for liquid in a container comprising buoyant central panel means for covering the central area of the liquid leaving a peripheral area of the surface of the liquid uncovered; flexible skirt means for connection at one edge to the periphery o~ said panel means,and at the other edge to the container sides for covering said peripheral area, said skirt means being sufficiently wide that the skirt means remains attached to the container sides and panel means at all levels of liquid in the container; tension means for connecting said cover means to the container side walls in a manner such that the cover means remains substantially in one position on the liquid surface during changes in liquid level in the container; and coupling means for slidably connecting said skirt means to said tension means, whereby the skirt means moves between folded and unfolded positions during changes in liquid level in the container.
The invention will be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a~preferred embodiment of the invention, and wherein:
Figure 1 is a sch~matic, plan view of a panel and tensionlng devices used in the flotation cover of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a schematic, plan view of a second form of panel used in the flotation device of the present invention;
. .
`
: - :, ' ' . ., ' . ' : ~ :
~307~3~35 Figure 3 is a cross section taken generally along line III-III of Fig. 2;
Figure 4 is a plan view of a tab and clamp assembly used in the cover of Figs. 1 and 2;
Figure 5 is a cross section of the tab and clamp assembly of Fig. 4;
Figures 6 to 8 are schematic, cross sectional views of one side of a reservoir and the cover of Fig. l;
Figure 9 is a cross~sectional view of a joint between a floating panel and a reservoir side wall;
Figure 10 is a front view of the joint of Fig. 9;
Figure 11 is a cross section of an uppér wall attachment for the skirt used in the cover of Figs. 1 and 2;
Figure 12 is a side view of tabs used to connect a cable to the skirt used in the covers of Figs. 1, 2 and 6 to 8;
Figure 13 is a front view of the tab of Fig. 12; and Figures 14 and 15 are schematic, cross-sectional ~ views of one side of an in-ground style reservoir and a second embodiment of the cover of the present invention.
It will be appreciated that for the sake of simplicity parts have been omitted from some of the drawings, and ln particular from Figs. 1 and 2.
With reference to Figs. 1 and 2 the cover of the present invention is intended for use on a reservoir or any ~: :: :
~ other large~liquid container. The reservoir can be circular :
.
- ~ :
, ~3~7~
(Fig. 1) or rectangular (Fig. 2). In any case, he cover includes a plas~ic panel 1, which is formed of elongated, polyethylene strips 2 welded together along their edges 3.
The panel 1 covers all but a narrow peripheral portion 4 of the surface of the liquid. Floats 5 are attached to the periphery of the panel 1 at a plurality of spaced apart locations for rendering the edges of the panel buoyant and capable of carrying the weight of a folded sidewall. The floats 5 maintain the edges of the panel elevated, so that gases escaping from the liquid can flow from beneath the panel 1 when the liquid is sewage or another waste which releases gases. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, elongated cellular plastic floats 6 can be provided in downwardly extending pockets 7 to provide flow paths for gas escaping from the liquid in the reservoir.
The panel 1 is maintained in the centre of the top surface of the liquid by a plurality of cables 8 spaced equidistant apart around the periphery thereof and extending over the top edge of the wall 10 of the reservoir to counterweights 11. Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, in order to connect the cables 8 to the panel 1, ~lexible tabs 13 are ; secured to the panel 1 by adhesive or welding. A clamp assembly generally indicated at 14 is attached to the outer free ends of the two strips 15 and 16 defining the tabs 13.
2S The clamp assembly 14 includes top and bottom metal plates 17 and 18, respectively which are connected to each other and to , . . , . , ~
- , :
.
. . ~ . .
, . :
: ' the tabs 13 by bolts 19 and nuts 20. An inverted U-shaped loop 21 extends outwardly from the top plates 17 to a link 22.
The cable 8 extends through the link 22 and is doubled over on itself and secured together by a connector 23. The cable 8 extends from the link 22 up to pulleys 25 and 26 (Figs. 5 to 8) on the top of the reservoir wall 10, around a pulley 27 carried by the counterweight 11 and up to a fixed point on the bracket or cap carrying the pulleys 25 and 26. Thus, as the liquid level in the resarvoir falls and rises (Figs. 6 to 8), the panel 1 follows the surface of the liquid and is maintained under tension by the cables 8 and counterweights 11 .
The remainder of the liquid, i.e. the peripheral portion 4 of the liquid is covered by a flexible skirt 29.
The bottom edge 30 of the skirt 29 is connected to the periphery of the panel 1 by a seam structure g~nerally indicated at 32 (Figs. 5, 9 an 10). The seam structure 32 includes staggered top and bottom metal battens 33 and 34, i.e. battens 33 and 34, the ends of which are not aligned.
~ The bottom edge 30 of the skirt 29 is folded over on itself and sandwiched between the top batten 33 and a sponge gasket strip 36. The battens 33 and 34 are held together by bolts 37 and nuts 38.
As best shown in Fig. 11, the top edge 39 of the skirt 29 is connected continuously to the reservoir wall 10 near the top thereof by anchor bolts 40 embedded in the wall : S
.
~L3~
10 and nuts 41 (one shown). The top edge 39 of the skirt 29 is sandwiched between a closed cell neoprene gasket 42 and clamp bars 43.
The flexible skirt 29 is slidably attached to the cables 8 by a plurality of slip rings 44 (Figs. 12 and 13) and tabs 46 of inverted T-shaped cross section~ The tabs 46 are bonded to the skirt 29. A grommet 47 is provided in each tab 46 for receiving a link 49, which carries the ring 44.
When the reservoir is empty (Fig. 6), the panel 1 and the floats 5 rest on the bottom 49 of the reservoir, and the skirt 29 is extended. As the liquid level in the reservoir rises (Fig. 7), the floats 5 and the panel 1 also rise, the floats 5 preventing sinking of the edge of the panel 2. As the liquid level rises the skirt 29 folds accordion style towards the bottom end of the cable 8 until the reservoir is full (Fig. 8). When the reservoir is used to store a liquid such as sewage or other waste which releases gases, the floats 5 hold the edges of the panel 1 up, facilitating the escape of gas to the area beneath the skirt ;
29. Outlet tubes 50 (one shown) are provided in the wall 10 ; of the reYer~oir for discharging gas therefrom.
In another embodiment of the invention/ ~Figs. 14 and 15), the cover is used in an in-ground reservoir w1th a s~loping side 51. The cables 8 extend from the floats 5 beneath pulleys 53 (one shown) and around pulleys 54 on top of n te~ns1on tower 55~conta1n1ng a counterweight 57.
~ ~ 6 '~ :' ' ~ ' ' ' -: , -, , . ' :
' .':
- 130~ 5 In the preferred embodiments of the invention, the spacing between the floats 5 is approximately ten feet. It will be appreciated that the float spacing can be changed depending on the situation. Moreover, the floats can be sealed plastic pipes or bags rather than the foam plastic illustrated in the drawings. When pipe is used, a continuous pipe can extend around the entire periphery of the panel 1.
The floats 5 make the panel 1 concave for directing rainwater to a central drain (not shown). As mentioned, when the cover is used on a digester or other gas producing reservoir, the floats permit gas to escape towards the sides of the reservoir where the gas can readily be removed. Of course, in some circumstances, no perimeter floats are required.
By folding the skirt 29 onto the floats 5 or the outer edge of the panel 5 (Figs. 6 to 8), the possibility of freezing of the folded skirt when the liquid freezes is avoided. When covering waste materials, it is essential that the skirt 29 be kept out of the liquid so that gas can readily escape to the perimeter. Moreover, the skirt 29 is kept kelow the top edge of the side of the reservoir or tank to reduce the likelihood of wind damage.
In operation, the cables 8 and counterweights 11 or 57 maintain the panel 1 centered in the reservoir. The skixt 29 covers the periphery of the liquid and permits free vertical movement of the panel 1 without exposing any of the surface of the liquid in the reservoir.
: ' :
Claims (9)
1. A flotation cover for liquid in a container comprising buoyant central panel means for covering the central area of the liquid leaving a peripheral area of the surface of the liquid uncovered; flexible skirt means for connection at one edge to the periphery of said panel means,and at the other edge to the container sides for covering said peripheral area, said skirt means being sufficiently wide that the skirt means remains attached to the container sides and panel means at all levels of liquid in the container; tension means for connecting said cover means to the container side walls in a manner such that the cover means remains substantially in one position on the liquid surface during changes in liquid level in the container; and coupling means for slidably connecting said skirt means to said tension means, whereby the skirt means moves between folded and unfolded positions during changes in liquid level in the container.
2. A flotation cover according to claim 1, including float means for supporting said panel means on the surface of the liquid.
3. A flotation cover according to claim 2, wherein said float means includes first floats for supporting the edges of said panel means to prevent sinking thereof into the liquid.
4. A flotation cover according to claim 3, wherein said float means includes second floats perpendicular to the edges of said panel means for supporting portions of said panel means above the liquid to define outwardly extending flow paths for gases escaping from the liquid.
5. A flotation cover according to claim 2, wherein said float means includes first floats for supporting the outer edges of said panel means and the bottom edge of said skirt means to prevent sinking of said edges into the liquid.
6. A flotation cover according to claim 5, including slip ring means for connecting said skirt means to said cable means, whereby movement of the skirt means between the folded and unfolded positions is controlled.
7. A flotation cover according to claim 1, wherein said tension means includes counterweight means; and cable means extending between the edges of said panel means and the counterweight means.
8. A flotation cover according to claim 7, wherein said tension means includes tab means connecting one end of said cable means to the edges of said panel means, and pulley means for removably mounting said counterweight means on said cable means.
9. A flotation cover according to claim 3, including batten strips on the top and bottom edges of said panel means in staggered relationship to each other for reinforcing said edges, said batten strips ensuring that the edges of said panel means are maintained above the surface of the liquid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 596119 CA1307895C (en) | 1989-04-07 | 1989-04-07 | Floatation cover |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 596119 CA1307895C (en) | 1989-04-07 | 1989-04-07 | Floatation cover |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1307895C true CA1307895C (en) | 1992-09-29 |
Family
ID=4139882
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 596119 Expired - Fee Related CA1307895C (en) | 1989-04-07 | 1989-04-07 | Floatation cover |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1307895C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114279094A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-05 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Joggle-joint type heat-preservation load-bearing type long-period solar seasonal heat storage water top cover and manufacturing method thereof |
-
1989
- 1989-04-07 CA CA 596119 patent/CA1307895C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114279094A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-05 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Joggle-joint type heat-preservation load-bearing type long-period solar seasonal heat storage water top cover and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114279094B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-06-06 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Joggle type heat-preservation bearing type long-period solar cross-season heat storage water body top cover and manufacturing method thereof |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |