CA1294195C - Antiskid attachments of an automobile tyre, a manufacturing method, a preliminary molding apparatus for the manufacturing apparatus and an utilizing method - Google Patents

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present invention relates to a method for making an anti-skid apparatus for an automobile tire including the steps of forming a cord by coating a plurality of pieces of core material with rubber; forming a non-vulcanized net body using the cords, the non-pressed non-vulcanized net body inherently having cord crossing portions; pressing the cord crossing portions; vulcaniz-ing the non-vulcanized net body to form an anti-skid net body, the anti-skid net body having a predetermined width and length suitable for encircling a tire and having an inside hooking sec-tion and an outside hooking section; and providing structure for detachably connecting the anti-skid net body to a tire. The pre-sent invention also related to the product made by the method of the present invention, as well as to preliminary molding appara-tus for the manufacturing apparatus and utilizing methods.

Description

This invention relates to anti-skid attachments for automobile tires.

The inventor of the present invention has previously developed anti-skid attachments having a net shape. Examples o~
these attachments may be seen in Japanese Patent Publication No .
Sho 58-13337 and Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 58-49366.
Although these previously developed attachments function favor-ably with respect to conventional metal snow chains, they suffer certain defects that make them less than ideal.

one such problem is that the net section tends to fall off the tire. Another such problem is that wires that fixed the net to the tires tend to be cut by rapid loosening and shrinking of the net section that occurs when a car having tires on which the nets are mounted ls driven at high speed. Both of these problems seem to be exacerbated by snow having a sherbet-like consistency. Falling off and cutting of support wires also tend to occur when certain changes in vehicle operation are effected (e.g~ when the brakes are slammed on)~ Still yet another prob-lem with prior art net-shape anti-skid attachments is -that they do not lend themselves to easy manufacture, i.e. mass production manufacture.

The present invention provides an improved all-purpose net-shaped anti-skid attachment for an automobile tire.

The present invention also provides a manufactured method for the anti-skid attachment of the present lnvention.
The present invention again provides a machine ideally suited for manufacture of the anti-skid attachment of the present invention.

The present invention further provides an improved operating anti-skid ~ttachment, that is, one that does not have ~` ~` ' ~
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the problems and shortcomings associated with di~ficulty of attachment and retention suffered by prior art attachments.
These prior art attachments are fixed around the tire in a ring shape, with band materials used for an inner tire connection, and a setting band used ~or an outer tire connection. Generally, setting bands are not made strong. One reason for this is because if they are made strong, women would experience diffi-culty in attachlng the attachments. A second reason for this is because use of a strong setting band tends to spoil use of the aforementioned band materials. Accordingly, during vehicle oper-ation with prior art attachments attached, with centrifugal force acting upon the attachments, the setting bands tend to expand and/or the attachments loosen and/or the attachments shrink. As any one or a number of these things occurred, because of constant repetition, a skid phenomena develops between the tire and attachment so that dislocation or removal of the attachments sometimes occurs. A fifth ob~ect of the present invention is to provide an attachment that visibly notifies a user of lost mate-rial due to abrasion, so that total loss of the attachment due to abrasion and so that abrasion into the core material of the cord can be prevented.

The present invention also provldes an attachment that can be manu~actured at a satisfactory cost and providing an attachment that can be separated into sectional parts that are assemblable so that the attachment possesses an interchangeabil-ity as knock-down parts.

The present invention again fixes both ends of the lon~
side dlrection of the attachments so as to form a ring shape.
The present invention further provides an attachment with improved durability.

The present invention also provides an anti-skld attachment with improved strength when used ln combinatlon with a spiked tire. This recognizes that metallic spike tires are fre-lZ9~95 quently used to im~rove traction in snow.

The present invention is comprised of thickly covered cords with cores, i.e. several wire materials thickly coated with rubber. The cords are formed into a non-vulcanized net body which inherently has cord crossing portions. The crossing por-tions are mechanically pressed flat and vulcanized to form a net body. Setting wire ropes are fixed to the net body with clasp sections provided on the inside of the net body. Then, the net body can be fixed to a tire by means of fixing tha clasp of an attachment to the detachable class of a setting band. Because the rubber material is made in a net shape, attachments according to the present invention have the advantages of being able to fit using tires without any in~ury to the road and, additionall~, those materials having suitable functions are adopted for use in each part of the attachments, so that the attachments possess a beneficial affect of resisting skidding in snow.

Certain embodiments of the present invention comprise wire materials coated by rubber material, which is formed into net bodies of non-vulcanized anti-skid attachments. Inherently, these non-vulcanized net bodies have crossing parts formed by overlaying wire materials coated by rubber material. According to the teachings of the present invention, the non-vulcanized net bodies are pressed mechanically so that the crossing sections of the net bodies are flattened. This flattening process ideally causes core materials to fall into at least one line. After pressing, the non-vulcanized net bodies are vulcanized to form anti-skid attachments. Inherently, the vulcanized attachments have inside tire portions, and outside tire portions. ~n inside clasp section is affixed to the inside tire portion and an out-side clasp is attached to the outside tire portion. A setting wire rope with an inside fixing clasp cooperates with the inside clasp section to fix the attachment to the tire. A setting band with a detachable clasp cooperates with the outslde clasp to detachably affix the attachment to the tire. An important aspect -T

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of the present invention is that, at the crossing sections where the net body is mechanically pressed, the core mater~als form lines. It is especially important when the core materials are so constructed that they come to be situated parallel in both the up and down directions (i.e. when two by two core materials situated one on top of the other are mechanically pressed in order -to form two by four finished pressed crossing areas). In general, this action operates to control the thickness of the necessary rubber materials between the up and down sides of the core material. By means of this technology, the core material might be kept in a position to most beneficially resist abrasion of rubber material, so that the present invention has enhanced durability.

In other embodiments of the present invention four pieces of wire material are coated with rubber to form thickly coated cords with cores. These cords are used to form a non-vul-canized anti-skid attachment. This non-vulcanized anti-skid attachment is mechanically pressed flat and is vulcanized to form a net body of the anti-skid attachment. Inherently, the anti-skid net body has an inside and and outside. Fixing wire ropesare fixed to the inside of the anti-skid net body through a fix-ing clasp of wire ropes. soth ends of the wire ropes are formed into a loop shape and a clasp of the wiring rope is flxed to the end o~ the loop-shaped wire ropes. The flxing clasp fixes the net connection to the other end of the wire ropes. Additionally, a detachable clasp is fixed to the outside, and arrangements are made for a fixlng clasp of a setting band for connecting the net body at the end of the outside, and the fixing clasp of the set-ting band is fixed between the clasp of the net body and the opposite side so as to be detachable. These attachment aspects of this embodiment o* the present invention can be combined favorably with basic aspects of the primary invention.

Other embodiments of the present invention involve arranging connecting arms along the outside circum~erence o~ the circle of each ring section as a center with an actional band for ~,. ..
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fixing the primary embodiment of the invention. The actional band is arranged with an actional ring in the outside edge o~
connecting arms. Accordingly, the anti-skid attachment is affixed to the car via the actional band portion of the actional ring which is positioned on the outside of the tire in a detach-able manner. When such a band is used to attach the anti-skid attachment to a car, and when the tire and anti-skid attachment are tightly stuck together, the band facilitates attachment of the apparatus, even for people of not great strength.

Other embodiments of the present invention, which embodiments include an actional band, have ring sections arranged at the position of responding to the center of the tire. Several pieces of the connecting arms pro~ect radially in at suitable intervals, and the actional ring ~s positioned so as to connect with the outside end of each connecting arm. This arrangement of the fixing apparatus of the anti-skid attachment of the present invention offers good balanced strength against the actional band under use. It is like a spider net shape, so that it does not drop off of the tire even if the whole of the anti-skid attach-ment is shifting against the tire. Thus, danger is prevented.

Other embodiments of the present invention comprise the anti-skid attachment as described in the primary invention, and also include a suitable number of the setting band through the apparatus located on the outside of the tlre. Additionally, a suitable number of the actional bands are arranged de~achably one upon another of the aforesaid apparatus, By action of both the setting band and the actional band, use of the invention is eYen more facilitated so that it may be easily used by even a weak person.

Still yet other embodiments of the present invention include an internal arrangement of high tens~le type core mate-rial having a string shape and coating o~ a colored layer con-sisting of a color synthatic rubber or the like with a different . ~

_ color for the cord body in the circumferences of the core mate-rial. secauss of the arrangement of the colored rubber around the core material, it is possible to foresee the limitations of the use of the anti-skid attachment before the core material is disclosed so as to prevent danger of the core material being bro-ken.

other embodiments of the present invention involve sep-arating the body of the anti-skid attachment for a car tire at a predetermined interval for a longside direction in the primary embodiment of the invention and, further, arranging a connecting means with both ends of each sectional material of the anti-skid body separated. These embodiments involve the an-ti-skid attach-ment for a car tire comprising each sectional material to be freely connected with each other, and also involving some member of the sectional material separately of the anti-skid attachment for a car tlre. In these embodiments, it is possible to make the press-mold small when forming each sectional material of the anti-skid attachment body.

From the foregoing, it should be clear that the present invention allows reduction in manufacturing costs of the pres~-mold in certain embodiments and, accordingly, reduction in total cost. Thus, it will be possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the total anti-skid attachment for a car -tire of the present invention.

Furthermore, when a part of the anti-skid attachment is cut off in use, it is still usable with a replacement of the part, so that this type of anti-skid attachment can reduce widely the maintenance compared to the conventional type of anti-skid attachment in which it was necessary to replace the whole attach-ment when a single part was ruined.

Furthermore, by means of connecting the separated sec-tional material with the anti-s~id attachment of a car tire which 1~4~5 is held already by a user, it is possible to use it for one size larger type of tire.

Describing still further embodiments of the present invention, these embodiments involve the anti-skid attachment for a car tire formed into a ring shape connected at both ends of a long side thereof.

In these embodiments of the present, it is possiblè
that the attachment may be formed into a ~ointless ring shape, and the strength and elas~icity of the anti-skid attachment is averaged upon the whole circumference of the anti-skid attach ment. Therefore, these types of embodiments can avoid all of the problems relating to strength, to abrasion which occurs at the point of connecting sections of conventional anti-skld attach-ments, and to vibrations that occur during the running of the car.

It should be further noted that when a car is running, centrifugal force affects the anti-skid attachment for a car tire. This force causes expansion of an anti-skid attachment toward the outside circumference. It should be further noted that an endless shape, such a ring shape, of an anti-skid attachment will not be very much effected by such stretch or aberration as would be a conventional type of anti-skid attach-ment for a car tire. Thus, expansion due to centrifugal force toward the outside will be extremely small in this type of attachment; thus, reduction of abcrration between the car tire and the anti-skid attachment during the running of the car can be minimizsd. Accordingly, cars will be able to run at higher spPeds with the improved apparatus than they would be with con-ventional apparatus.

With regard to still further embodiments of the present invention, these embodiments of the present invention include features fixingly adopting an ultra-high-hardened metal in the '~`~4""

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~294195 crossing section of the net body. setter effects of anti-skid attachments can be shown when this type o~ hardened metal is employed rather than ordinary metal in the crossing point.

With regard to still further embodiments of the present invention, an anti-skid attachment for a car tire may be made by coating core materials with non-vulcanized rubber, insertin~
these string-shaped materials into and along net-shaped grooves for netting the bodies of the anti-skid attachment wherein is lo carved a sub-molding die; setting up the net bodies of the anti-skid attachment under the non-vulcanized treatment upon the net-shaped grooves, and mechanically pressing each section of the crossing section of the non-vulcanized anti-skid a~tachment bod-ies. This process is effectively a sub-molding process for fix-ing the crossing section temporarily. After the above temporaryprocess, the invention further includes the steps of removing the non-vulcanized anti-skid attachment bodies from the above sub-molding die into another net-shaped groove of a molding press machine with vulcanizing treatment, whereupon it will then be molded in a hot-press machine with the vulcanizer. Thus, the apparatus of the present invention can be manufactured by the novel, non-obvious manufacturing method described generally above.

As mentioned above, therefore, the manufacturing method shows the following erfects: (1) the sub-molding die will be good with a simple structure having carved grooves of the net-shaped grooves in order to only knit the core materials with the net-shape of the anti-skid attachment, so that it can ready a lot of the sub-molding die with a lower cost without using a conven-tional type of vulcanizing mold press machine at a high cost;
accordingly, the anti-skid attachment of this invention can be produced by mass-production; ~) the sub-molding die will be able to take a structure for only use of knitting the anti-skid attachment, so that it will be possible to perform knitting effi-ciently; (3) the sub-molded net bodies of the anti-skid attach-, _ 3L2~ S

ment itself will b~ able to handle keeping the form intact sothat each section is not dismembered because each section is fixed to the crossing section temporarily: there~orer it will be possible to remove or heap up for storing and it will also be possible to move from the process of -the sub-moldlng to the fin-ishing process of the vulcanizing molding press smoothly; and (4) the sub-molded net bodies themselves are kept in the form men-tioned above; therefore, it is easy to set up the above material into the net-shaped grooves for molding of the vulcanizing mold-ing press machine.
Based on showing the four effects set forth above, theinvention can be manufactured productively and, partlcularly because of effect number one, no expensive type of vulcanizing molding press machine would be necessary, so that manufac~uring costs would be reduced.

Discussing still further embodiments of the present invention, these embodiments relate particularly ta the sub-mold-ing die apparatus for molding the non-vulcanized net bodies of -the anti-skid attachment. Specifically, these embodiments involve connecting a great number of sub-molding dies wherein carved are net-shaped grooves for knitting the net bodies of the anti-skid attachment on the surface thereof flexibly and end-lessly; a belt-conveyor type of sub-molding die system comprising a freely actional rotation in correct or reversible direction;
providing a piece or a plural number of sending-o~t-heads movlng with a reciprocating motion toward a right angle of the moving direction of the belt-conveyor type of sub-molding di~ system and sending out thickly coated cords with cores consis~ing o~ coating the non-vulcanized rubber around core materials on the surface of the above belt-conveyor of the sub-molding die system; synchro-nizing the movement of the reciprocating motion o~ the sending-out-head of the movement of the belt-conveyor type sub-molding die system; and sending out the molded n~t bodies ~rom the sending-out-head.

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_ _ 3LZ9~95 According-y, this sub-molding die system comprises a ~ending out section that functions to insert wire rope material into and along net-shaped grooves of a sub-molding die; a tempo-rary stopping section having a pressing sectional part to press each of the crossing sections of the non-vulcanized anti-sk.td net bodies being knitted into net-shaped grooves of the sub-molding die system; and a straw cutter to cut off the non~vulcanized anti-skid bodies at a predetermined length which is left out from the end of the sub-molding die system.

As mentioned above, therefore, the sub-molding die sys-tem will be able to perform the process of the sub-molding auto-matically so that the net-shaped pattern of the anti-skid net bodies being manufactured in the net-grooves of each molding die will be produced as initially standardized, and by means of arranging the relationship in a synchronized mann~r of those con-ditions and movements between the number of the sending-out heads to send out the thickly coated cords with cores, the movement of the belt-type sub-molding die system and the movement of the reciprocating motion of the above sending-out heads being ar-ranged in accordance with the net-shaped pattern of the above anti-skid net body. Therefore, the preferably knit pattern of the anti-skid net bodies will be knitted and the crossing sec-tions of the net bodies fixed temporarily, and the bodies will be cut off at a predetermined length.

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~Z9~ 95 Furthermore, in order to insert the cords into and along the net-shaped grooves of the sub-molding dle, the move-ments and the reciprocating motion of sending out the cords is synchronized with the movement of the belt-conveyor type sub-molding system, and a means is adopted for moving the above send-ing-out-heads right ov~r the net-shaped grooves head, so that the actional course of the sending out heads will be a simple and straight movement with the reciprocating motion, and the struc-ture of the apparatus will be simplified.

Advantages, and features of the inventlon will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when considered in con~unction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:-lS

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Fig. 1 iS a top plan view, in partial section, of ananti-skid attachment for a car tire according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view for showing a practical example of the anti-~ri~

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skid nl~nchlllcllt ror n cnr tirc Or lllis invcll~ioll in thc stn~c Or fixing ~l~c nctionnl bands;
Fig. 3 is n rront vicw Or this invcntion ror showing thc stntc Or rixing tllc nnti-skill nttnchmcnt ror n cnr tirc wi~h thc Mctnllic parts Or a spikc whicll nrc rixcd;
Fig. 4 is n schcmntic vicw for showillg thc nct bodics Or a ~ypical typc Or nnti-skid attncllmcnt;
Fig. 5 is a pcrspcctivc vicw ror showing rrom tllc inside Or n cnr tirc nrrnngcd thc nnti-skid nttncl~mcnt Or thc invcntion;
Fig. 6 is nn cnlotgcd rront vicw ror showing thc iointing scction of tllosc metnllic pnrts ror use Or thc nnti-skid nttachment Or this invention;
Fig. 7 is n scctionnl vicw for showing tllc principal part Or tlle crossing scction berorc thc mnnuracture in wllicll is practiccd ;in this invcntion;
Fig. 8 is a scctional YiCW ror showing thc crossing sectlon prncticed in this invention;
Fig. 9 is an cnlargcd sectional vicw Sor showing tllc wire rope mntcrial to bc uscd ror thc practiccd goods of this invention;
Fig. 10 is nn cnlargcd scctionnl vicw ror showing the wire ropc mntcrinls in conventional goods;
Fig. I l is n top plnn view for showing a conventional typc of nnti-skid nttachmcnt;
Fig. 12 is a pcrspectivc vicw for showing thc molding npparatus to cxtrudc with n coating Or thc non-vulcnnizcd rubbcr around tlle core matcrinls ror prcventing dangcr;
Fig. 13 is n sectionnl vicw ror sllowing the wirc rope materials including thc coating Or the non-vulcnnizcd rubbcr ror prcventing dangcr;

~ ~ r 1 3 8~L ' ' ~2~ 5 P5574~08/ r Fig. 14 is a scctionnl view ror show;ng lhc stntc Or an al~rnsivc surrncc Or thc non-vulcnnizcd rubbcr coatcd wirc ropc mntcrinls for prcvcnting dnngcr;
Fig. 15 is n scctionnl vicw ror showing thc non-vulcanizcd rubbcr contcd with wirc ropc mntcrinls upon n bundlcd s~nte oî thc wire ropc mntcrials;
Fig. 16 is n top plan vicw, in pnrtinl scction, ror showing n pr~cticnl cxnmplc Or goods Or this invcntion, nnd thc nnti-skid ntt~lchmcnt Or tllc cnr tirc in whicll uscs the cords without the corc mntcrinls pnrtinlly; : , Fig. 17 is n lop plnn view, in pnrtinl scction, ror showing n prncticnl cxnmplc Or this invcn~ion, nnd the nnti-skid nttnchmcnt Or thc cnr tire in whicll is rormcd ns n grating sh~pe by thc cords;
Fig. 18 is n top plnn vicw, in pnrtinl scction, ror showing n practicnl exnmple Or this invention, nnd tl~e nnti-skid nttnchmcnt of thc car tire in whicll the covcring section Or covering thc tread scction Or thc tirc is dcsigncd longcr suitnbly than thc covcring section Or covcring the sidc wall Or thc tirc;
Fig. 19 is n top plan view ror showing a practicnl cxnmple of the No.
6 sicction invcntion, and an independcntiy separatcd onit systcm Or the anti-skid nttncllmcnt Or thc cnr tirc;
Fig. 20 is a pcrspectivc vicw ror showing the nnti-skid nttacllment ol`
the car tire in which is practiccd in the No. 7 scctional invcntion;
Fig. 21 is a top plnn vicw ror showing the prncticctl commodity of thc No. 7 scctionnl invcntion in.wllich is rormed with a bclt shnpc;
Fig. 22 is a pcrspcctivc view for showing the stnte Or connecting the corc matcrinl o~ the anti-skid attnchmcnt Or thc cnr tire to cach other in ~' .

thc No. 7 scctional invcntion;
Fig. 23 is a pcrspcctivc vicw ror showillg thc statc Or putting thc non-vulcanizcd rubbcr on the connccting scction Or thc corc m~terials in l~ig. 22;
Fig. 24 is a pcrspcctivc vicw for showing the prcssing proccss witll a vulcanizing ag~ st tllc non-vulcanizcd rubbcr in Fig. 23;
Fig. 25 is a pcrspcctivc vicw ror showing thc statc Or nctting thc practiccd mDterinls Or thc No. 7 sectional invention wiihin a cylindris~nl molding dic ror n prcss mQchinc;
Fig. 26 is n perspective view ror sllowing the molding die Or thc prcss macllinc nrtcr rinish Or prcssing trcntmcnt in Fig. 25;
Fig. 27 is an enlarged rront vicw îor showing the anotller type Or structure Or the conncc~ing scction in whicll is practiced in this invcntion;
Fig. 28 is an cnlargcd rront vicw ror showing thc cxamplc .,r using with thc pilcd up connccting bands of thc practiccd goods in this invention;
Fig. 29 is an cnlarged rront view ror showing thc prac~ical example Or this invcntion with the connccting bands formcd by a circular arc shapc;
Fig. 30 is an enlarged rront vicw for showing dogleg sllapcd connccting bands ror practicc Or this invcntion;
Fig. 3J is an enlarged rront view ror showing the practical example of a skew shaped connecting bands ;n this invention;
Fig. 32 is ~n eniarged view, in partial section, ror showing the connecting section in the state Or fixing the anti-skid attnchment in which is practiccd in this convcntion;
Fig. 33 is a perspective view, in partial scction, ror showing a wire rope for using the practiced goods Or this invention;
Fig. 34 is an enlarged perspective view of the wire rope;
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Fig. 35 is ~n cnlargcd pcrspcctivc vicw Or a convcntional ropc;
~ ig. 36 is a rront vicw ror sllowing the anti-skid attacllmcnt Or tl~c car tirc in whicll is a practical cxamplc of this invcntion;
l~ig. 37 is a side vicw ror showing the stnte of fixing tllc anti-skid attachmcnt with lllc tirc;
Fig. 38 Is a sidc view for showillg the state Or rixing . tlle nnti-skid attachment with anothcr mcthod; '`
Fig. 39 is n pcrspcctivc vicw ror showing thc rixing mctallic parts Or the inside wîre ropes ror using the practicnl goocls of this invcntion;
I;ig. 40 is a scc~ional view ror showing thc stntc Or using thc fixing metallic pnrts in Fig~ 39;
Fig~ 41 is a scctional view ror showing thc metallic parts viewcd ~rom another nngle than the one uscd in Fig~ 40;
Fig~ 42 is n section~l view ror showing the mctallic parts ~iewcd îrom yct anothcr ~nglc than the one uscd in Fig 40;
Fig. 43 is a perspective view for showing ,the fixing metallic parts Or thc inside wire ropcs in anothcr practic31 example;
Fig~ 44 is a longitudinal section ror showing the hook-~ixing~ section of the wire ropes in the fixcd state Or mctallic parts in Fig~ 43;
Fig. 45 is a top plan vicw ror showing the anti-skid attachmcnt Or the car tire In whicll is rixed the rixing metallic parts Or thc inside wise ropcs ror using the practiced goods Or this invention;
Fig~ 46 is a side vicw ror showing thc tire Or wh;cll is rixcd by the anti-skid attacllmcnt;
Fig~ 47 is a pers,pectivc vicw ror showing the fixing metallic parts Or the inside wirc ropes ror using another practicaJ goods of this invcntion;

~2~41g5 Fig. 48 is a front vicw, in partinl section, for showing the fixing metallic parts in the state of fixing;
Fig. 49 is a perspective view for showing the fi~cing metallic parts which are constructed by setting both ends of stcel wirc into thc side Or tllc hook fixing scction Or the wire` ropcs;
Fig. 50 is a perspective view for showing the connecting metallic parts of the net bodies for using the practical goods of this invention;
Fig. 51 is a perspective view for showing the connecting metallic parts of the net bodies constituted by a stcel plate;
Fig. 52 is a front view for showing a conventional type of thc connecting metallic parts of the nct bodies;
Fig. 53 is a perspective view for showin8 tlle connecting and detachable metallic parts of the net bodies for using the praclical goods of this invention;
Fig. 54 is 3 perspective view for showing the connecting and detachable metallic parts of the net bodies in which is enlarged the width of a hook section of the bands;
Fig. 5j is a top plan view for showing the state of fixing the detachable mctallic parts for using the practical goods of this invention;
Fig. 56 is a longitudinal section for sho~ving the metallic parts in Fig. 55;
Fig. 57 is a sectional view for showing the metallic parts of Fig. 55 viewed from another angle;
Fig. 58 is a perspective view for showing the dctachable me~allic parts for using the practicQI goods of tbis invention;
Fig. 59 is a front view for showing the hook metallic parts ror using the practical goods of this invention;

~294~L95 Fig. 60 is a perspective view for showing the hook metallic parts;
Fig. 61 is a perspective v;ew for showing ~he fixing and dctachable mctallic parts of the wire ropes for using thc practical goods of this invention;
Fig, 62 is ~ scctionnl vicw for showing the using state;
Fig. 63 is an enlarged perspective view for showing the projectingly shaped ultrn-high hardened metallic chips in the practical goods Or the No.
10 sectional invention;
Fig. 64 is n longitudinal section for showing the metallic parts Or Fig. 63;
Fig. 65 is a sectional view for showing the state of the ultra-hardened metallic chips in both ends of anothcr practical cxnmple;
Fig. 66 is a sectional view for showing the fixed state of the spike metallic parts in which is quenched in the center section in another practical example;
Fig. 67 is a perspective view for showing the fixed state of the spike metallic part in this practice in the crossi.ng section of the anti-skid attachment net bodies;
Fig. 68 is a front view, in partial section, for showing the pressure feedingly inserted state of the spike metallic parts in another practice of the No. 10 sectional invention;
Fig. 69 is a longitudinal front view for showing the fixed state of the spike metallic parts with a gap method;
Fig. 70 is a front view, in partial section, for showing the fi.~ed state of the spike metallic parts in which are arranged those of proJected section and caved in section for inserting each other;
Fig. 71 is a front view, In partial section, for showing the fixed . .

~2g4~95 state Or the spike metallic parts where holes are opened upon both side edge sections of the reverse metnliic parts ror inserting the both side chips of the front mctallic parts;
Fig. 72 is a front vicw for showing n state berore fixing Or the spike metallic pnrts shown in Fig. 68, Fig. 73 is a front view for sitowing a state before fixing Or the spike metallic parts shown in Fig. 69;
Fig. 74 is a front view, in partial section, for showing a st~te bcrore fixing thc spikc metallic parts shown in Fig. 70;
Fig. 75 is a front view, in pnrtial section, for showing n stntc before fixing the spike metallic pnrts shown in Fig. 71;
Fig. 76 is n top plan view showing the stnte of b~lrying the ultra-high hnrdened metallic chips into the same leveled flat surfaces Or both edges of the spike metallic parts in other practical goods according to the No. 10 sectional invention; `
Fig. 77 is a sectional view for showing the metallic parts of Fig.
76;
Fig 78 is a sectional view for showing a state Or burying the metallic chips into the spike metallic parts bodies with eriually- levcled surfaces in the ccnter position;
Fig. 79 is a sectional view for showing a statc Or fixing the spike metallic parts in which the ultra-high hardened metallic chips nre. struck into the caved in shaped burying holes;
Fig. 80 is a sectional view for showing a state Or fixing the spike metallic parts by welding the ultr~-high hardened metallic chips;
Fig. 81 is a top plan view, in partial section, for showing an unfolding state of the spike .metallic parts stricken by the ultra-high I g __ .

hardened metallic chips with carving of inserting grooves;
Fig. 82 is a perspective view for showing the fixed state of the spike metallic parts;
Fig. 83 is a perspeetive view for showing fixing the anti-skid attachment for a cnr tire ùsing the setting bands;
Fig. 84 is a front view for showing an actional band of this invention;
Fig. 85 is a front view for showing the ac~ional b~ncls of another practical example of thls invention;
I:ig. 86 is a front view Or yet another praetical exaMple;
Figs. 87-91 are front views for sllowing the processes of l-ooking thc setting bands;
Figs. 92-95 are front views for showing the processes of hooking the netional bands;
Flg. 96 is a front view for showing another practical example of this invention;
Fig. 97 is a front view for showing yet another praetical example;
Figs. 98-104 are graphs for explaining the funetion and the effect of this invention;
Fig. IOS is a froht view, in partial section, for showing the sub-molding apparatus;
Fig. 106 is a front view, in partial section, for also showing the sub-molding appar3tus; ` ` `
Fig. 107 .is an enlarged longitudinal section for showing the apparatus between the sending out seetion and the straw eutler shown in Fig.
I 06;
Fig. 108 is a longitudinal side view of the sending out section;

. -20-__ -Figs. 109~ are top plnn views for showing thc channel Or inserting the thickly conted cords with corcs into the sub-molding appnrntus;
Fig. 113 is a perspective view for showing the sending out section Or the molding appnratus to send out the cords;
Fig. 114 is n pcrspcctive view for showing the inserted state of the cords into the sub-molding dic;
Fig. I IS is a front view for showing the prcss die;
Fig. 116 is a rront view for showing the relationship between the sub-molding die nnd thc press die;
Fig. 117 is a front view for showing the nnti skid nttnchmellt nct bodies after sub-molding;
Fig. 118 is a front view Or the vulcanizing press die;
Fig. 119 is n perspective view ror showing the edge section oî the vulcani~ing press die in the inserted state of the nnti-skid attnchment bodies after finish the sub-molding;
Fig. 120 is a front vlew, in partial section, for showing the state of pressing down a hot-press section onto the vulcanizing press die;
Fig. 121 is n front view for showing the nnti-skid attachment net bod ies; -Figs. 122 nnd 123 'are top plan views for showing the supporl basementof reciprocnting motion with rcspect to each other;
Figs. 124-12~ nre top plan views ror showing n bclt conveyor type Or molding die nnd tbe chnnnels Or the net shnpe rows;
Fig. 129 is a top plnn view for showing the nettingly molded section Or the anti-skid attachment bodies;
Fig. 130 is a front view for showing the anti-skid attachment consisting of co~ds including core materials and mnterials wiehout corc ~` i" - 21 -m~lteri~ls;
Figs. 131-133 arc top views for showing the belt conveyor typc Or molding dic for the anti-skid attachmcnt and the nct shapc groovcs chnnncls;
and Figs. 134-137 nrc top plan vicws for showing the bclt conveyor typc molding die and a single netting type net shape grooves channels.

The anti-skid attachment of the present invention is, as shown in Figs. 1-9, composcd of nctted cords I having diamctcrs of about 10 mm. Tl)c pitch number of thc net is about 15 pitchcs on both sides with a totnl length of about 1,900 mm, and a total width Or about 251 mm. The cords I
consist of core materials la and non-vulcanized rubbcr Ib.
It is desirable to have more than one core material la. Further, the core material should should be strong. An example of a suitable material is two pieces of 1200 denier strings of 6-6 nylon twisted into a string, three Or which strings are twisted into a main string With rcgard to the non-vulcanized rubber lb, by way of example, the combination set forth bclo~v could be adopted:

IOil dePree SBR _ 1 96.25 IB~ I 30.00 lOxide zinc #3 1 3.00 IStearic acid I ' 2.00 IHAF ~luck 1 80.00 IProcess oil I 15.00 lAntioxidant (IPPD) 1 1.00 Yulcanizin~ accelerate (OBS) I 1.50 ISulrur I 1.50 j~. .

4~

An ideal sectionnl shnpe for the cords I would bc about 10 mm for both horizontal widths and about 7.55 mm verticnlly thick. It is nlso desirable to use a numbcr of the corc matcrinls at thc same time, ror example, to usc four picces of string (corc mnterinls), 6-6 nylon 1200 dcnicr 2 strings x 3 picccs could bc ndoptcd. In such n case, nn idenl stnte Or thc crossing section b woutd be those dimensions Or around 22 mm of one side width and around 16 mm of nnother side width horizontalty, and around 7.5 mm thick. Against the core mnterinls la is coatcd more thnn 2 mm Or non-vulcanized rubber Ib. If thc thickncss of the non-vulcanized rubber I b is one-sided pnrtinlly, such n defect of not becoming an idenl nnti-skid nttnchment for car tire will occur. According to the brond tencl-ings of the prcsent invcntion, thc cords mny be formed into n net shnpe by ~ny suitabte menns, however, n preferred automntic mecllnnicnl method is disclosed in further detnil below. With regnrd to nlignment Or core mnterials la in crossing sections b, an idenl result can be obtnined if those mnterials la of an upper stair core materinls In nnd a lower stair core materials la, wherein are included in an upper side cord I and a lower side core 1~ are molded nnd formed in n parallel line.
With regnrd to the preven~ion Or nbrnsion and danger that can rcsult therefrom, a non-vulcnnized rubber coat Ic mnterinl can be adop~ed from the following (which is offered in way of example only):

, .

P5574Ao8/T 12941~35 I Natural rubbcr 1 100 I Flowers of zinc 1 5 I Stcaric acid I 2 I Accelerate CZ
I Sulrur 1 2.5 I Sort crav 1 30 I Silica 1 15 I Titanium white 1 5 I Colorin~ Di~ment I Polvethvlene Qlvcol 1 1.5 I Antioxidnnt 1 2 `
In the above table, the coloration31 pigment to be adopted. should have a different color from the color of the anti-skid attnchment bodies 21.
Normally, the color of the nnti-skid attnchment bodies 21 is black, so thnt some color other .than black should be adopted for the non-vulcanized rubber coat lc. to prevent nbrnsive danger. Ideally, yellow or white couid be adopted because they would become very conspicuous when they becorne exposed at the surface.
As shown in Fig. 13, those cords I which comprise -the anti-skid attachment bodies 21 will be coated by non-vulcanized rubber lc colored with a difrerent color for preventing abrasive d~nger.
The above-mentioned non-vulcanized attachment bodies 21 forrn non vulcanized nttnchment net bodies 21. The cords 1, in a non-vulcanized state, are put into a net shape and molded by a. press die for unific~tion while being treated for vulcanization. Thus, the non-vulcanized rubber I b of the cords 1 and the non-vulcanized rubber coa~t I c for preventlng thc abrasive danger are made together by non-vulcnnized subber in an initial - ` : ` ~ :

:

3L2~ 5 stage of manufacture.

The cords 1 of the non-vulcanized state will be, as shown in Fig. 12, molded in an extrusive molding apparatus G'.
This apparatus mixes the non-vulcanized rubber coating materials lc for preventing the abrasive danger with a solvent in a tank G"
to make a paste, puts four pieces of the core materials la into the tank G", makes the core materials la pass through the tank G", and coats the colored rubber around each of the core materi-als la.
Additionally, apparatus G' dries the colored rubbercoated around the core materials la, and feeds the core materials la into the inlet port of an extrusive apparatus C2 with tension on the core materials la. The sectional shapa of inlet port of the extrusive apparatus C2 is almost a regular square. The aforesaid core materials la generally pass through a center sec-tion of the extrusive apparatus. Furthermore, the non-vulcanlzed rubber lb which forms the cords pressingly feeds into -the inlet port of the extrusive apparatus C2, and the cords extrude from an exit of the extrusive apparatus C2. Accordingly, the cords 1 of the non-vulcanized state including the core materials la to be coated by the non-vulcanized rubber coat 1 for preventing the abrasive danger are formed.

Fig. 15 is the sectional view showing a cord 1 of the anti-skid attachment net bodies 21 in another practical example.
This cord 1 has four bundled pieces o~ core material coated with non-vulcanized rubber lc for preven~ing abrasive danger.

3~
As shown in Fig. 16, it is good to use cords 1 with the core materials la and also materials 1' without the ~ore materi-als la in a mixed combination and, ~urther, it is good to use them with a lattice shape as shown in Fig. 17. Still further, as shown in Fig. 18, it is good to design calculatingly to separate a coverable section for covering the tread section ~?

~Z~

Or a tire and a covering section for covcring the sidc wnll scction Or thc tirc. As shown in Fig. 19, such a dcsign could consist Or thrcc units Or the unit sectional matcrisls 21a, 21b, and 21c. Tlle outsidc Or suc11 a body could~have detachable metallic psrts A` fixed in the middle position to lloo~
lhc sctting bands 11 into the llooking parts of thc outsidc and, nt its ends, such ~ body could fixedly- have multiple use metallic pnrts F for connccting to nnd .det~iching from the net bodics. In the inside, such a body consists of fixed inside wire ropes R which arc scparable into thrce pieces along the llook section of the inside 2. As shown in Figs. 20 26, when thc anti-skid attschment of the esr tire is rolled into a ring shape, a prcdetcrmined length of projected core materials Is are taken out from both ends of tlle cords I of the nnti-skid attnchment bodies 21 which nre formed in n belt shspe and fastened together with both core mnterials la (shown in Fig. 22) and, furthermore, as shown in Fig. 23, set up with the above-fastened section into the net shnped grooves of the molding prcss dic 13 for fastening the above eonnecting section, and inserted with non-vulcanizcd rubber Ib into the net shaped grooves and filled up with the necessar3~
materials into a void in the connecting section. Further, in the above state, a heated up hot-press is pressed down on the surfacc of the nbovc molding press die 13 for fastening the connecting section, and the non-vulcanized rubber Ib which is loaded within the net shaped grooves is vulcanized and fastened together to form a unit with the connection section.
This forms the anti-skid attachment net bodies 21 with a scamless ring shape.
The above-mentioned molding method involves fastening the ends of the ring-shaped anti-skid attschment net bodies 21, however, there are other different molding methods for molding ring shaped snti-skid attachment net ~_ .

12~95 bodies 21. A "one time strokc" method will now be expl;lined wi~h rerercnce to Figs. 25 and~26.
With respect to the knitting mold, as shown in Fig. 25, the cords I
~re inser~ed in order into nnd along net shaped rows Or the cylindric~l shapcd molding prcss die 15, knittcd to form thc non-vulcanizcd anti-skid attachmcnt ;net bodies within thc molding dic 15, and tben vulcnnization molded.
The connecting means Or the anti-skid attachment net bodies 21 will be, as shown in Fig. 6, rastened uniriably to the connccting bands 3, ~vhich are projected~ to both inside and outside dircctions with an end of thc anti~
skid nct bodics 21. At thc othcr cnd Or thc anti-skid nct botlics 21, thc insidc and outside scctions of thc bands arc inscrtcd into thc othcr cnd to form a connccting section 4 for hooking. Along both sidc edges Or thc insidc and outside Or the abovc anti-skid net bodics 21, at prcdetermined intervals, arc rormed inside hook sections 2 and outs;de hook scctions 2'.
Non-expandable inside wirc-ropcs R are rixedly sct up along each Or the insidc hook sections 2 through insidc wirc ropes rixing mctallic parts B.
Thc connccting sections 4 arc formed in onc side end of both side scctions Or the anti-skid net bodies 21, and they are formed in a ring shapc so that both side sections Or the inside and outside Or the connecting band 3 can be inserted. Any i shape Or the inside and outside connecting sections will be good ir thcy forr~i ring shapes, howcvcr, thc connccting bands 3 of the anti-skid nct bodics 21 arc generally rormcd as isoscelcs trianglcs with thc base section situatcd at an opposite sidc o~ the anti-skid net bodies 2~
Referring now to Figs. 27-32, ;Inothcr connccting means is shov.n thcrcin. This eonnecting mcans provides ïor thc connccting band 3 to .`it - 27 -12~19~

project in the, width direction with an end of the anti-skid net bodies 21 unifiably and, further, connccting sections 4 h~ving similar net shapcs are formed in .both sidc sections of other end of the bodies 21~ Detachable metallic parrts A or the like are fixed with an inside hook section 2 which is nrrangcd in p~rnllel. An outside hook section 2' in both edges Or the anti-skid net bodies 21 is also fixed in conjunction with a fixing wire rope The aforesaid connecting band 4 may be fixed insertingly by the connecting band 3 with both ends from the inside. In such a case, the widtll Or an overlapped section in the outside of the connecting bands 3 in the above connecting sections 4, 4 will be formed within n range of between 11 mm and 19 mm. The width of this scction should be wider than tlle widtll 10 mm of the section to form another net shape, e.g., around 15 rmm width would be suitable.
Furthermore, as another connecting means, anti-skid net bodies 21 and the connecting bands 3, which are arranged along the' whoie length of the width direction of the bod'ies 21 in both ends of the bodies 21, and the connecting bands 3, 3 which are disposed unifiably Witll both end sections of the above anti-skid net bodies 21, will internally contain core materials similar to the core materials 1~ of the cords I and, further, having a width iarger than the width of the cords I which comprise the anti-skid net bodies 21. For example, it would be suitable to have 18 rnm of width as opposed to a cord I width Or 9 mm.
Connecting bands 3, 3 may be suitably bent into a dogleg shape and, further, both ends of the connecting bands 3, 3 may have holes inserted by metallic parts F for connecting and detaching the net bodies 21 multiply and also ~or disposition of the net connecting metallic parts D.

L~35 P5574A08~T

These connecting bands 3 are not, howevcr, limitcd ~o having a dogleg shape. A linear shape or a circul~r arc sh~pe are also possible. It would also bc good to use the metallic parts F race to face with the connecting bands 3 for connecting and detaching the nct bodics 21 multiply instcad Or thc nct connccting mctallic parts D.
The thickness of the connccting bands 3 Or the anti-skid net bodies 2 should be made to have the samc thickncss as the cords 1. When the width is enlargcd, however, it will be good to increasc the thickness of ihe connccting bands 3, and by mcans Or this incrcase, thc strength of thc connecting bands 3 will be improved.
Thc connecting bands 3 and the connecting scctions ~, 4 will be formed to mnke inclined surfaces along most end-edges by means Or making an incline around most end-edges of the surfaces of the anti-skid net bodies 21.
As shown in Fig. 33 and Fig. 34, the inside wire ropes ~ and the outside wire sopes R' Or the anti-skid net bodies 21 in the anti-skid attachment for a car tire will be made to coat a textile material consisting of a high-tension fibers around the core materials Or the wire ropes 16 and, further, to coat a thin film Or a rubber around the surface Or the core materials 16.
The core materinls of the wire ropes 16 are made Or a bundle Or synthetic fibcr, such as ? nylon fiber, having n high tcnsion. In the casc of the core materials of the wire rope 16, it is desirable to bundle a suitable number of fibers. i As to the above fiber used ror mnking the core materials 16, any type Or the fiber will be acceptable if it has a high tensibility. For e:~ample, a glass fiber or the like would be acceptable.
Around the core m~terials of the wire ropes 16, a synthetic rubber, a t,v - 29 ~%~ ~g5 P5~74A08/T

natural rubber or some contir~g mnterial consisting of a sort Or plnstic having a good nnti-abrasion nbility is disposcd.
In thc above compositlon, the inside wirc rope R is cut in~o suitable lengths for thc dinmcter of a tire and both ends of the rope nre bent.
Metnllic parts forming a loop M are cnulked fixingly to form n loop E, nnd the connecting sections E, E nrc cach composed so as to be connectnble or detachnble by hooking meta~lic parts C. Along a whole length of the insidc wire rope R at predetcrmined intervnls a number from bet veen 13 and 16 pieces Or a fixing metnllic pnrts Or the inside wire rope B are fixedly set up.
Fig. 35 shows a conventional cxamplc. Furtller, Fig. 36, Fig. 37 nnd Fig. 38 show an example Or use Or thc outside wire rope R. In the outside edges Or the anti-skid net bodies outside hooking sections 2 with a predetermined interval are formed, and along the outside hooking section 2 the outside wire rope R is fixed with each outside hooking section 2 through the fixing metallic pnrts of the outside wire rope B so that it does not slip off the outside wire rope R against each outside hooking sections 2.
The outside wire ropes R can be bent at both ends nnd caulked fixingly to form a Ioop E by the metallic pnrts for forming the loop M of the wire rope, and the ioops E, E nre designed to connect with or detacl from ench other by the hooking metnllic pnrts C.
In ~lle centcr of each hooking section of the outside wire rope R, nn end of S-shape formed dctachable metallic pnrts A is fixed so as to be able to hook the ring shaped setting bands I l into another end side of the detachnbîe metnllic parts A. In addition, this fi~es the detnchable metallic pnrts A between e~ch outside hooking section 2 of the anti-skid . . ;. , S

net bodics 21. It is desirable to draw the outside wirc rope R' toward a centcr dircction Or thc tire by the setting bands 11.
Explaining thosc types Or mctallic parts in the anti-skid attnchment of the car tirc, first cxplaining details regarding thc fixing metallic parts Or the inside wirc ropc B and tllc improved typcs with thc drawings, shown in Figs. 39-42, a belt-shape stccl plate is ben~ into a mostly C-sh~pe. An end Or the stcel plate is hooked to an inside hooking scction of the anti-skid net bodies to form a caulkingly fixed hooking section, and the inside wire ropc R is hookcd into the other cnd sidc so as to forn~ a caulkingly fixed hooking scction of thc wire ropc. As shown in Fig.,41, the circle edges Or the both side scctions Or the mctallic parts B will bc formed so as to become a half circle shapc upon the slice section. This forms the inside fixing metallic parts Or the wire rope B.
As shown in Fig. 43 and Fig. 44, both sidc circle edges Or the fixing metallic parts Or the inside wire rope are projected with a cylindrical shape, and formed into a hand dumbbell shape in the slicc section, nnd made into a .No. I improved type of the fixing metallic parts B' Or the inside wire rope, so that it will be able to enlarge the radius Or the circle edges more than the fixing metallic part o~ the aforesaid inside wire rope B, and be further able to increase the contact area between the inside hooking section 2 Or the circle edges and the insidc wire rope R.
As shown in Figs. 45 48, a No. 2 or sccond . improved type Or thc fixing metallic parts Or: thc insidc wire ropè ~" is, as shown in Fig. q7, rormcd with a piecc Or bent steel wire having a predetermined diameter. The piece Or bent steel is fixed by a cauiking the inside hooking section ~ of thc anti-skid net bodies 21 into an end of the parts B" so as to form a hooking section having a hook shape. In the othcr cnd side Or said fixing ~9~,t35 metallic parts B", thè hooking section having a hook shape will be fixed by a caulking with the inside wire rope R so as ~o form a whole length direction part with a predetermined interval in pnrallel.
A third improved type of the fixing~ met~llic p~rts of the inside wire rope B" can be formed bendingly so as to cause both ends of the steel wirc to face in the dircction Or the inside hooking scction 2.
Further, with regard to this third improved type, the fixing metallic parts B" of the inside wire rope are formed bendingly to face both ends; Or the steel wire toward the inside hooking seetion 2. ~lowever, as shown in Fig. 49, it would be good to form the parts to bendingly face the hooking section sides of both ropes.
Next, tlle eonneeting metnllie p~rt D of the net is formed bendingly by a piece of 3 steel wire with nround 3 mm dinmeter (which is ofrered, by way of example, ~s ~ re~luired diameter in Fig. 50). The wire forms a hook section nt one end, ~nd further turns up at the other end of the metallic parts D to form a fixing section in order to fix caulkingly the above metallic parts D with the loop section E of the inside wire rope R. This effectively enlarges the width to length direetion of the inside wEre rope R
a predetermined length. After setting up the anti-slcid net bodies 21 around the tire T, one may eonnect insertingly both side sections of the inside and outside of the conneeting bands 3, into the inside of the both connecting sections 4 from the reverse side, as shown in Fig. 6, ~nd fixingly hook tlle hooking hole of the inside section with the hook section of the connecting metallie materinls D of the net, by means of hooking the hooking metallic parts C of whieh is ~rranged in an end of the inside w;re rope R with the loop section E of which is arranged in another end Or the wire rope R, eonnect the inside wire rope R f~steningly, ~nd fasten the inside edges Or _ .

~Z~41~

the ~nti-skid net bodies 21 toward the center~or the tire.
The width of the fixing section of the hooking me~allic parts ~ will be t;lken larger than Q diameter Or the steel wire composed for the hooking metallic~ par~, and by means Or enlarging the width, an effect of rixing ~he hooking metallic parts stably with a rastening rope will be increascd.
However, thc wid~h has a suitable range of around 16 mm, for example.
It will be acceptable to compose the hooking metallic parts in use Or a steel plate, nnd the ~connecting metallic parts D' of ~hc net which are shown in Fig. 51 will bc formed to bend up the hook section and the rixing scction, and punch the steel'plate witll a prcdetcrmined shape.
As shown~ in Fig. 53, the . detachrlble metallic parts of the nct F ~vill be formcd by turning up a piccc Or stccl wire with around 4 mm diametcr as a required diameter~ for example, forming a hook section for the band into the end section Or the setting bnnd 11, forming the connecting hood section for hooking the outside section Or the connecting band 3 in~o the end section Or the anti-skid net bodies 21, and forming a fixing section for fixing caulkingly the outside hooking section of the' connection section 3 into the length direction Or the anti-skid net bodies 21 with a predetermined interval in parallel. In the fixing state shown in Fig. 6, the above fixing section is forr~ed so as to connect to one of the ends Or the ~nti-skid net bodies 2i. In the position Or a bent section for hooking the outside connecti jng section, it is formed to shirt slightly from tl~e hooking scction Or the setting band, and, by means of fixing caulkedly the fixing section to a predetermined position Or the outside end Or the outside connection section 4, the connecting band 3 and the connecting section 4 ' will be hcld at a predetermined interval in the vhole length dircc~ion of the anti-skid net bodies 21 so as to be connected in a suitable state.

y - 33 -. _~
.

~99L~

In the nbove-mentioned detnchnble metallic parts Or the net connection F, the hooking section of the setting band is formcd in n bnr shapc, howevcr, as with the hooking metallic pnrts shown in Fig. 5~, a width Or betwcen thc hooking scction of thc connecting bnncl and the fixine section will ide~lly bc m~de simil~rly.
As shown in Figs. 55 -58, thc nbovc metallic pnrts may be formed by bending a stecl wire hnving a required diameter, and by forming the fixing section ror cnulkedly rixing the aroresaid hooking section by turning up one of the ends Or the metnllic pnrts bodies in n U-shnpe, and rurther by forming n hooking section in nnother end of the metallic pnrts bodies. Thc hooking section is turned up to form n loop-shnpe nt the other end Or the hooking metnllic pnrts as shown in Fig. 56. Then, according to the technique of the present invention, by bending up the loop shaped hool;ing metallic pnrts into the direction Or the rotntional nxis so as to open up ~
hooking port between the end of the above loop shaped parts nnd the neck section Or the loop shnpe of the hooking metnllic pnrts bodies.
As shown in Fig. 56, the above-mentioned "loop" appe~rs closed when viewed from the direction Or the rotationnl axis of the hooking sec~ion, otherwise it nppenrs to hnve a slightly nnrrow gap less thnn n diameter of the steel wire of the hooking section between the end Or the loop and the neck of the loop. Further, the hooking port Secures a cle3rnnce for inserting through ~n inclined setting band with a surplus when it is hooked into the hooking section in which is shown in Fig. 57.
As shown in Figs. 5~ nnd 60, the'booking metnllic pnrts c are formed with a required dinmeter, for exnmple around 5 mm diameler of a steel wire to be turned up, and one Or the ends is turned up in a loop sh;~pe, 3nd it is fotmed in the fixing section by inserting therethrough the loop section Or ~ ~- 3~f ~Z~ 5 the inside wire rope E.
Another end is turned up to a U-shapc so as to form a hook section, and further, to open the hooking port between thc end of thc hooking scction and the fixing section, whcre is arranged a stoppcr chip on the hooking port. Thc stoppcr chip is madc of, î or cxamplc, ~ small steel wire, It is used with ~bout a 1.5 mm diamcter high tension type steel wire with a U-shape bcnt as shown in Fig. 60. It connects pressingly the bent section with the inside Or the end Or the hooking section, and furtl-cr, turns up both ends Or the stcel wire toward an inside as shown in Fig. 59, ànd insertingly fixcs the abovc into an axis holc which is opened upon a top scction of thc hooking port side in the rixing scction. Accordingly, thc hooking port is closcd by the stoppcr cllip from thc inside, and the stopper chip will movc rotatingly around thc inside Or thc hooking metallic parts C
in the ccntcr Or the axis fixcd scction.
Furthcr, cach of thc axis fixcd scctions of the above cnds of the steel wirc are fixed with the ~xis with a predctcrmincd Icngth to thc wllolc length direction of the hooking mctallic parts- C. For cx~mplc, the axis is fixcd biasedly with around 2 mm. Accordingly, as shown in Fig. 59, it inscrts pushingly the stopper chip into thc inside and turns it, and. then due to both axis fixed section being biased, an angle difference will occur between the stopper chip and the axis fixed section. Accordingly, the bent scction of the end of the stopper chip will be twisted in one dircction.
At the same timc, an clasticity tending to turn back to a counter direction occurs within thc bcnt section. Thercfore, whcn a strcngth Or pushing the stopper chip into the inside is rclcased, thc stoppcr chip will turn b~ck to an initial position in accordance with the elasticity and the end of the stopper chip will spring to the end of the hooking section and ~Zg~LgS

makes a "clink" sound for confirmation.
Further, in order to contact pressingly the end of ~he stoppcr chip to thc insidc o~ thc end Or the hooking scction, the axis fixed sidc of thc stopper chip is slightly bcnt toward thc outside, nnd thc nxis rixcd scction is insertcd into the axis hole fixingly, which causes a potcntial strength for going to turn around to thc outside any tirne to occur within the stopper chip.
As shown in those Figs. 38, 61 and 62, the detnchable metallic pnrts for fixing the wire rope A' nre fixed into encll outside hooking section 2`
of the anti-skid nct bodies 21, formcd by a steel wire with bending, with the fixing section formed for hooking with n moslly loop-shnpe in nn ~end ol' the detachnble metnllic pnrts for fixing the wire rope A'. Further, with the fixing hook as one body formed to hook tile setting band in another end and turned up into a loop shape betwecn the fixing hook and the above detachable metallic pnrts, it is then ready for moving of the fixing section Or the outsidc wire rope to be fixed caulkedly with winding up it to around the outside wire rope R'.
With rcgard to use of spike mctallic parts 92 for anti-skid net bodies 21 in conjunction with the anti-skid attachment for a car tire, referring to Figs. 63 and 82, the spike metallic parts 92 are formed by bending a belt-shape steel plate ~vith a C-shape with a predeterrnined thickness, by inserting it into the netting shnped cross section b or the anti-skid net bodies 21 from the reverse side fixingly, by turning up both ends of the metallic parts ~,vhich are projected to the surface side toward the inside"lnd by fixing it so as to roll up around the netting sh;~ped cross section.
In the road contacting section of the above spike metallic parts, ultrn-hardencd mctallic chips 93 are pluggcd up. The ultra-hardened metallic chips 93 are adapted from a sleel material hnving the hardness of around ~Y 900-lSOO. For example, an ultra-hardened metallic chip 93 formed from tangsten carbide with a truncated corn shapc as shown in the drawings will be drivcn into thc sockcts arrnngcd openingly so as to operatc as a plug.
As shown in Figs. 63 and 64, with rcgnrd to how to drivc ~he plugs in, it would bc good to make the chips project from the surface of the spilce metallic parts. Altcrnatively, as shnwn in Figs. 76 and 82, it would also be good to makc the chips to plug in so as to lay on the same level between the surfnce and the rèverse of the spike metallic parts.
Accordin~, to the teachings of the present invention, the nbove-mentioned ultra-hardened metatlic chips 92 should be plugged in before bending the C-shnped steel materials which form the spike metallic parts bodies 92'.
The above spike me`tallic parts bodies 92 were inserted in~o the netting cross sec~ion of the anti-skid net bodies 21 from the reverse side, and made both ends of the metallic parts bodies 92' to be the road contacting face, however, as shown in the spike metallic parts 92 of Fig.
78, it will also be satisfactory to form the ultra hardened metallic chip to plug into a center section of `the metnllic parts bodies 92', and insert Shem into the netting cross section fixingly from the reverse side.
With respect to how to plug in an ultra-hardened metallic chip 93, it is also possible to use other methods. Certainly, for example, as shown in the spike metnllic pnrts 92 of Fig. 79, it would be possible to form n plugging hole with a hollow shape upon the road con~acting face, and to drive a cylindrically formed ultra-hardened metallic chip 93 into the hole ~ .

PS574Aû8/T

inside Altcrnatively, as shown in the spike metallic parts 92 of Fig. 80, a cylindrically formed ultra-hardened metallic chip 93 may be inserted into the plugging hole where it can be îixed by paste-welding.
In the spike metallic parts 92 shown in Fig. 82, plugging groovcs are rormed with a hollow shapc along the center Or the steel material surfaces which comprise the spike metallic p~rts bodies 92', shown in Fig. 81, and it is formed bendingly into a C-shape after a squaringly formed ultra-mctallic chip 93 is driven into portions near both ends of the plugging grooves.
At the timc Or fix;ng it, as shown in Fig. 82, it is inserted from thc rcvcrse side into the netting cross section, turned up at the projected both ends on the surface toward the insidc, and fixcd firmly. F~lrthermorc, the above-mcntioned ultra-hardcncd mctallic chip 93 could be formed rectangularly by widening in thc Icngth dircction of thc plugging groovcs.
In this way, bccause of cnlargement of thc ultra-hardcned metallic chips 93 against the arcn of thc road contactin~ surface, anti-abrasive ability for the road contacting surface will be improved.
~ ith reg~rd to another practical cxamplc, referring to ~igs. 65 and 67, the spike metallic parts 92 are formed by bending a narrow width steel plate having about 350 ~IV hardness. These spilce metalllc parts 92 are fixedly inserted into the crossing section b of the anti-skid net bodies 21 from the reversc sidc Or the anti-skid net bodics 21; then, both ends are turned up together toward the Inside, and they arc fixed with rolllng up around thc cross section b.
Thcrcforc, both cnds Or thc spikc mctallic parts (92) are turned up to thc insidc mcntioned abovc, they arc bent into the surface of the cross section b, and thcy arc made to bc the contacting section wi~h the road surface.

.... _ ~129~95 The above spike metallic parts 9~ ~re high frequcncy tempered upon the road contacting surfacc Or the spike metallic parts 92 before the metallic parts 92 are fixcd on the anti-skid nct bodies 21. The hardness Or the section aftcr the high frequency tcmpcring will bc improved to more than ~150 l~IV.
The nbove-specified range to bc tcmpcrcd will bc limited within a front side beforc the bent section, and the hardness of the above bent section is controllcd less than 450 ~IY so that a crack docs not occur in thc bcnt scction whcn the bcnding work is done upon rixing of the mctallic parts 92.
The spike mctallic parts 92, shown in Fig. 66, are subjected to }~
frequency tcmpering in the middle of both bent sections Or the metallic parts 92, insertingly fixed so as to show the surface Or the section performed by the above high frequency tempering when the cross section b is fixed, and turned at both ends into the reverse side of the cross section b so as to fix it.
A plug-in type spike metallic part, such as the one shown in Figs.
68-75, comprises a surface metallic part 94 formed bendingly into a C-shape of a belt-shape steel material and a reverse side metallic parts 94'. Both metallic parts comprise a center section, side chips of both sides Or the center section, and an opening port section. In the state of both opening port sections being face to face with each other, they are jointed pluggingly.
It should be noted that in the side to be used for contacting the road, ultra-hardened metal is used.
The above reverse side metalllc parts may be taken as an almos~ same measure of a distances between the inside surfaces with the netting shape 3g -~L2~ 5 crossing section b Or the anti-skid net bodies. Furthcr, the length of both side chips is taken slightly smaller than the thickness of the net, and both the sbove reverse side metallic parts 94' and the surface metallic parts 94 for plugging into the above will be formed slightly narrower than the distance betwccn both outsidc surfaee of thc both sidc chips of the abovc reverse side metallic parts 94' against the distance between thc inside surfsce of thc both side chips. As shown in Fig. 68, when both metallic parts are fixed with the nctting shape crossing section b of the anti-skid, net bodies, the surface metallic parts 94 are inscrted into the nctting shape crossing section b from the surface side of the net, thc reverse side mctallic part 94' is plugged fixingl~ into the above statc of thc surface mctallic part 94 from the reversc sidc Or the net, and both side metallic parts are jointed in n state of fixing thc netting shape crossing section b.
Both metallic parts after jointed is îixed in the statc of rolling up thc both sidc cl-ips around the netting shape crossing scction b mcet each othcr tightly.
Thc spike metallic parts shown in Fig. 73 and Fig. 69 are plugged in together with the surface metallic part 94 and the reverse metallic part 94' in accordance with a same means of plugging in together as with the above plug-in type spike metallic part. After that, they are jointed by means of welding the both side chips of the both metallic psrt or by means Or posting them. Accordingly, it may be gathered that the purpose is to join the ... ............... .. ..
metallic parts more firmly.
The plug-in type spike metallic parts shown in Fig. 74 and Fig. 70 are formed to project a projected section upon the inside face of both side chips of the reverse side metsllic parts 94' and, further, to hollow a hollowed sec~ion for plugging into ~he above projected section of the ,~, t`~ ' ` ' '' , .

~z~

outside race Or both side chips Or the surface metallic 'part 94, to plug the surface metallic parts 94 into the netting shape crossing section b from thc net surfQce, nnd accordingly to plug the reverse metnllic parts 94' into thc above st~te of thc surface mctallic parts 94 from the net reverse sidc.
Additionally, the abovc is composed in thc state Or fixing tightly the netting shape crossing section b of both metnllic parts of the surface' and the reverse sides so as to joint pluggingly with the projected section arid the hollowed section of the both metallic parts.
The above plug-in type spike metallic pa'rt will be simple to join with both mctallic parts of surface and reverse sides and, moreovcr, it is firmly realizcd.
Thc plug-in type spike metnllic ports shown in Fig. 75 and Fig. 71 nre made of holes for plugging both sides chips of the surface metallic part 94 into the ends of both sides chips of the reverse side metallic part 94', and to decrease the above plugging holes slightly so they are less than a size of both sides chips of the surface metallic part 94. As shown in Fig.
71, when both metallic pnrts are fixed with the netting shape crossing section b, both sides chips of the surface metallic part 94 are plugged into ! the plugging holes of the rcverse side metallic part 94' firmly to joint them.
The above plug-in type spike metallic part ndopts a composition to plug- the botll sides chips of the surface metallic part 94 into those holcs Or plug-in for jointing them, so that those both metallic parts of the surface and the reverse sides wil.l be not shifted' relatlve to each other when they are jointed. Further, the joint is simple and ccrtain.
It would be suitable to use ultra-hardened mètallic chips 93 piugged into the road contacting face of the plug-in type spike metallic part.

..~ ` ' , ;
. ~ :. - 41 -~29~35 P5a74A08/T

Alternatively, plug-in type spike metallic parts with treatment of tempering the road contacting fnce side could also be used.
As to thc actional band 12, the following example details are provided:
I) Actional ring section (X):
a) Diametcr of thc ring: around 360 m.m.
b) Di~meter oî 3 wire: around 9.5 m.m.
2) Core ring section (Z):
a) Diameter of the ring: uround 160 m.m.
b) Diametcr Or the wire: around J0 m.m.
3) Connccting arm section`(Y):
a) Diameter of thc arm: around 8.5 m.m.
b) Diamcter of the arm: around 8 m.m.
Normally, the actional bands 12 will be used by a wire rope having 8.5 Kg of the load in case of 110% load-extension ratio; however, the above is not essentiaJ, so that as shown in Fig. 3, it would be satisfactory to adopt double or triple ways of arranging the reinforced core ring section ~' and the reinforced connecting arm section Y'.
The setting band 11 will be formed primarily of rubber, however, it .
would also be suitable to adopt another material along the lines of rubber.
This is shown in Figs. 87-9J and 83. The following dimensions are offered in way of example:
a) Dinmeter of the ring: around 308 m.m.
b) Diameter Or the wire: around 7.5 m.m.
As a load conditions, thc material of the load 6.5 Kg f in case Or 1359'o load-extension ratio couJd be adopted.
Next, with regard to a using state of the above, as shown in Fig. I, ~` -42 -~294~L~5 the inside wire rope R is fixed through the inside wire rope fixing metallic parts B or directly with the inside hooking section 2 of the anti-skid nçt bodies 21, the anti-skid net bodics 21 are rollcd up around thc tread section of the tire T in the sate of the above inside wire rope R
bcing rixcd, and thc setting band 11 ,is fixed tcmporarily nround thc ou~sidc through thc detachable metallic parts A. Alternative!y, the setting band 11 may be rixed around the outside directly in use wilh the outside wire ropc R'.
Number of hooking sections should be based upon necessitics Or particular applications. Eight or sixteen hQoking sections would be idenl for most applications; sixtcen hooking sections arc shown and described herein. Procedurc stcps are shown in Figs. 87-95.
In such a state, as described above, it is set up in hooking of the detachable metallic parts A of the actional ring X of the actional band 12.
In case of using the outside wire rope R', as shown in Fig. 96, another sub-detachable metallic part A is adaptable to hook.
Additionally, more than two pieces of the setting bands 11 are usable to set up and, further, it is also usable for more than two pieces Or the actional band 12. Those practiced materials will be explained with an objective example under an actual rigures as follows:
1) In case of the circumferential length of an using tire T being 2,047 m.m., 2,110 m.m. Iength of the anti-skid net bodies 21 will be used.
2~ The width of the above is 279 m.m.
3) The diameter- of the actional ring of the setting band 11 will be 308 m.m. in case of 138.4% loading extension ratio (in hooked time).

4) Sixteen hooking sections: one point load 4 kg f at 126% 103d extension (becomes used time).

3~?!,as~A- 43 ~Z941~

5) Sixteen hooking scclions: one point load 3.20 Kg r.

6) Brcak load: 50 Kg f to be uscd.

7) The diameter of the ring X of the nctional band 12 is 360 m.m. in case Or 115% load extcnsion rntio (in hookcd time)~

8) Sixtcen hooking scctions: one point load 10 Kg ~ at 105% lo;ld extension (becomes used time)~

9) Sixteen hooking sections: one point load 4~5 Kg f.

10) Bre~k load: 85 Kg î to be used~
Further, each section~l dimension of the anti~skid net bodies 21 will bc, explained as rollows:
I) Width: nround 10 m~m~
2) Height: ' around 7~5 m~m~
3) Sectional dimension between (A) - (A) around 22 m.m.
4) Sectional dimension between (B) - (B) around 16 m~m~
The above - mcntioned materials will be suitable for adoption.
According to application requirements, the spike metallic parts 92 will be adoptable in the cross point. Fig. 4 may be rererred to for a top plan schematic view of typical anti-skid net bodies 21.
In case of hooking both the setting band 11 and the actional band 1 2, thc load of hooking time will be explained under the following Fig. of thc marks explanation. The second Fig. explains the sequent order of, hooking and the List whicll follows the second Fig~ explains the load of llooking time. GB,shows the setting band 11 and AT shows the actional band 12.

, First, with regajrd to the state of fixing fifteen picccs of detachable mctallic parts A to anti-skid net bodies 21 undcr the Fig. Or -ihc 44 -' - .

m~rks expln~ iolls~ :IS ~ hookillg order, rirst thc setting b~nd l l ~nd ll~c ~clion;ll band 12 ore rixed wi~h tlle deîllch:lble mct~llic p;lrts A in order.
Tlle lo;lds in c;lcll section wllen tlle ~I)ove hooking works ;Irc perrormed will bc shown in the Fig. to explt~in the lo~d Or hooking time. It m~y be notieed tll~ il needs gretlter strength when No. 4 Or hooking section is llooked at tlle time .Or llooking botl~ tl~e setting b~nd l l ~nd tlle ;lction~l b3nd 12 eommonly.
I) Fig. ror tlle morks explnn;ltion.
(in cnse Or ~dopting 15 pieees Or hooking sections) 14 ~ 10 15 ~ Fig. of the ~j ¦ ~rks e~planation t 9 2 ~ 15 ~I~s t 8 --` 2) Fig. ror expl~ining the sequent order Or hooking.
(in e~se Or ~dopting IS pieces Or hooking sections) 7 ~ .
12 ~g. 0~ e.~cp1ain~

1 ¦ ing the sequen~ t 1S
¦ order of hooking - 11 ~ 2 .

3) List for explaining ~he load of hooking time.

(in case Or adopting 15 picccs Or hooking sections) ¦ Hook_ ¦ Order ¦ Stren~th GB ¦ AT

2 111 1 3.7 ~ 0 3 16 1 5.5 1 12.5 4 110 1 5.7 1 12.0 14 1 10.5 1 13-5 6 19 l 5-7 1 10.5 7 18 I _ _ 6.0 1 9.0 8 1 2 1 3-5 1 4.0 9 115 1 5.0 1 8.5 I10 ~ 5 1 6.5 1 12.0 - l11 114 I S.O I 10.3 12 1 3 1 7.0 1 12.5 13 113 1 4.7 1 10.0 16 1 7 1 5.5 1 12.5 112 1 3.2 1 1~
X 5.16 1 10.07 The tensile strength of thnt time will be nenr to n limitntion of the strength whicll powerless people, such as women and the like, will be abie to put forth. And, in order to hold enough oï the anti-skid net bodies 21, suitable pieces of the anti-skid net bodies (21) will bc used so as to obtain a necessary strength.
Further, with regard to the theoretical functions of this invention 1~ with reference to Figs. 98-104, the following marks are applicable:
(a) shows a virtual circular arc with a radius oî a distance between the center in the fixed state Or the actional band 12 and the detachable metallic part A.
(a') shows a straight line to connect with each apex Or eight divided angles from a virtual circle.
(a") shows a ridgeline of the actional state Or the action~l ring X in case of fixing it.
(Ot ) shows an angle consisting oî a side of an octagon inscribed with a circle and a tangential line.

-46- ;

129~
P~S74A08/T

t ~ ) shows an angle consisting Or a straight line to conncct a sidc of a sixteen angled rhombohedron when nn actionnl bnnd 12 is hooked into eigl-t pl~ces with the apexes.
(~1) shows a functionnl angle Or the vector.
~ -value is in a relntionship with an equation Or ~ ~/2)-(~ ~;6).
so that, by means Or requiring ~6-value, and ndding ~-value also in which is known alrendy, G~-value will be obtained.
As to the relationship betwcen the dinmeter of the actional ring ~
nnd the using position Or the detachable metallic part A, it is idenl so s~s, to be able to fix them each otl1er wllen an loacl extension rntio of thc actionnl ring X is 105%, that is, it is extended to 5% more. ~fhe prcsen~
inventor hns tested it extended 59'o. At the time of the tcst, tlle actunll mensured figure of the load vnlue wns 4 Kg f, and a straight line distance ( e ~ between a detachnble metnllic pnrt A and an ad joined detachable metallic part A being 165 m.m. Further, the distance h between the center of both detachable metallic parts A, A and the functionQI point of thc connecting arm Y was 10.9 m.m.
Performing calculations to determine the SQme, the ~h" nngle becomes 7.5. (An apex angle inscribed with a circle, that is, an angle madc between a tangential line passing to the apex of the circle and a side of the rhombohedron will be 22.5 as shown in Fig. 101).
Accordingly, n vector stress directed line would be 90 ngainst tl-c theoretical tnngential line at thnt time. With a functional ~ngle ~, Or thc vector, they nre ns follows.
O( = 22/5, ,61 = 7.5 ~) ~ go (~+~
thus, it is noticed as61= 60, further ~p~ , . . .
- ~7 12~

the vcctor strcss W will become;
W= 2 cos 60 x F, W = 4 Kg r, and cos 60 = 0.5; therefore, substituting those actual figurcs into the cquation:
4, 2 x 0.5 x Fl, thus F~ = 4/ (2 x 0.5) = 4 Kg f Theoretically, calculating for conditions in which there is a same diameter of thc wirc ropc, with no connecting arm Y and no corc ring Z bcing used, it is an eight nngled rhombohedron; therefore, it becomes:
~ ~ 90- 22.5 = 67.S
and the equation is W - 2 x cos b~' x Fl under ~' = 67,5, cos ~' = 0.382 and Fl = 4, so that substituting the above figures into the equntion of W =
2 x cos ~' x Fl, one obtains.
W = 2 x 0.382 x 4 = 3.05 Kg f According to the above model calculations, it is known that if a mere eight angled rhombohedron type of model is used, it is powerless because of 3.05 Kg f against 4 Kg f of this invention; thereforc, it will bc able to provc theorctically that the anti-skid nct bodics 21 will rise from the tire easily in that degree.
If it be so,- in order to obtain 4 Kg f without using the connecting arm Y and the core ring Z 50 as to be able to 4 Kg f by the eight angled r-ombohedron~ the frl~owing equation i5 adoptablc:

, ' W = 2 x cos ~ x F
as actual figures: W = 4, cos ~ = 0.382, thus, substituting thosc figures into the abovc equation, 4 = 2 x 0.382 x Fl Fl = 4/ (2 x 0.382) = 5.32 Kg r It is understandable that, therefore, it will be necessary to enlarge thc diameter Or the wire ropc for obtaining the abovc strength. As an anothcr way to prove the nbove, it is possible to practice in controlling of the modulus of a rubber expansion; however, to increase the modulus of the expansion makes it become difficult only to hook, so that it will be not the best way for an improving direction. Ir those calculations are graphed, Fig. 103 can be developed, In Fig. 103, graph 24 sho-vs this invention, grapll 23 shows results for an enlarged diameter and graph 22 shows results for an equal diameter.
In this graph, it is proved that this inventional praclice does not need a strength in the initial extension, and contrarily shows a reactionai strength during use.
Further, in wny of additional explanation, it should be readily understood that this invented practice comes to havc 3 h-value of the extension strength against the thing without the connection arm Y and the core ring Z.
Additionally, it will be explained about the test data of this invention. For example, it was theoretically calculated for a total stress rel~tionship in case of arranging the detachable metallic parts A into eigllt places of this invented practice with load Or 7.95 Kg per each detaFhable ,~ . .

metallic part A;
These extension ratios and diameters Or ihe parts uscd in this casc were:
P~rtsExtension Ratio Diameter Actional ring X: 19.2% 9.5 m.m.
Connecting arm Y: 8.1% 8 m.m.
Core ring Z :5.0% 10 m.m.
Fig. 104 shows tlle relationship between the load and the extension ratio Or the parts~ It is referred to as SS-curved line as follows~ Reî erring to the figures shown in Fig~ 104, and calculating the loads of cacll section, they are as follows;
Actional ring X 7~4 Kg Connecting arm Y 3~0 Kg Core ring Z 3.3 Kg The strength of extending the core ring Z is 3.3 Kg and the core ~ ring is suspended by eight pieces of the connecting arms Y, so that the strength W~
to be loaded upon one piece of the connecting arm Y may be calculated in accordance with following equation:
Wl = 2 x W x sin [2 /n)/21 In this case, n = 8, W = 3.3 Kg f, so that substituting those figures into the above equation:
\YI = 2 x 3~3 x sin 22~5 = 2 x 3~3 x 0~38 = 2.53 Kg f However, a strength to be able to extend the actional ring X with aN '_ a~
value may add onto the connecting arm Y. According to actual measurements, they were:

.. . .
~ r;

~Z~4~95 P5574A~8/T

a"= 165 m.m., h = 12.68 m.m.
thererore, from the rollowing equation:
tan ~6 = h/ (a'/2) tnn ,B = 12.68/ 82.5, thus ~ = 8.74 Next, a"/2 is measured as 83.5 m~m. Accordingly, the extcnsion ratio oî the ~ction~l ring X is:
~83.5 ~ 82.5)/ 82.5] x 100= 1%
Thus, according to a SS-curvcd line, the strcngth Or extcnding 1% will be 500 Kg. Agninst tl1e connccting arm, thc actional ring X kecps a balance in 2F cos (90~ Y. The load of thc connecting arm Y in the dircction of the actionnl ring X is F = 500 Kg; therefore, substituting 500 ICg into the above equation, it results in 0.15 Kg. Therefore, the strength to load on the connecting arm Y is: 0.15 - 2.53 = 2.68 Kg f, and this calculated figure is close to rormer actual figure. Differences may be considered to arise from delicate elemen;s of characteristics and shape of the rubber material.
Further, the load W of the actional ring X may be calcu1~ed by following equations:
W = F x cos ~ x 2 ( 8. ) = 58 5 cos = 0.518, so that is is calculated as 7.67 Kg It is clear that the above figure nearly assumes the î igure of an actual load, and showing it in a drawing, it is known thnt the charscter is shown by the curved lines of Fig. 25 mark (3). There is no; doubt thst those characters fit to a thing of nround 15 hooking sections.
What the abovc clprifies is ~hat, because the connection arm Y wns 5 ~ _ ~9~5 arranged with the outside of actional ring or the setting band, otherwise by menns of arranging the connecting arm Y and the core ring Z, it does not need as much strength when it is rixed, nevertheless, i~ still shows a strong elnsticity against the load during use.
Explaining the mcthod Or manuracture Or this invention again, non-vulcnnized anti-skid net bodies 21' are knitted in use of the cord material firstly, then n preliminary molding process is performed to form in hook of the cross section b Or the onti-skid net bodies 21' temporarily, nnd .then n vulcnnizingly finisll-molding process is performed to complcte the non-vulcanized nnti-skid net bodies 21' formed preliminnrily under hot press forming. It should be noted that it is good to perform thc preliminary molding process by n below mentioned hnnd works, otherwise it is nlso good to perform nutomnticnlly with a preliminary molding npparntus as shown in the explnnntion of No. 12 sectional invention.
The preliminnry molding die 31, which is shown in Fig. 109, consists of a surfnce plnte mnde by o wooden bonrd or the like in which blocks 33 for shaping multiple net-spnce sections are placed in juxtnposition on the surface plate 32. The net grooves 34 are scooped with snme net patterns of the objective anti-skid net bodies in between ench block 33. This functions as a guide groove instrument for knitting the anti-skid net bodies nccurately.
Thc term "onti-skid net bodics 21" menns a thing of the net shape pntterns as shown in Fig. 121 in this cnse, and nlso as shown in Fig. 113, menns the cord I molded extrudingly with conting of the non-vulcnnized rubber Ib nround severnl core materials In' consisting o~ a wire, o synthetic fiber nnd n glass-fiber to cross with an inclined shape, and the~n knitted into a rhomb shaped net so as to form the hooking section 2 wilh a ,.i ~ . :

P5574Ao8/T 1~9~9S

constant intcrval in both sides as shown in the drawings, and additionally to make plug-in Fig. 114 Or the cord I along the inside of ne~ shaped grooves 34 of the previously rnentioned preliminary molding die 31, and knits them within the net shaped grooves 34.
With rcgard to the knitting work, referring to Figs. 110 and 112, the end of the previously mentioned cords I are first hooked with the one sidc most end of the take-orr point 31a Or the net shapcd groovcs 34 of thc pre!iminary molding die 31. While the cord I is going to be plugged into the net shnped groovcs (34) nlong a channel as shown in Fig. 110 in a doglegged way, tl~e other end of the cord I is turned up in the opposite side end section against the tnke-off point 310, and then the other end of tile;
cord I is brought into the side Or the takc-off point 31a while they nre knitting with a doglegged way along to the one line shifted net shaped grooves 34. Continuously, as shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 11 2, the above cord is plugged into the net shnped grooves 34 by shirting Or one line along the channel shown in the drawings, and after three times around both ways, the cord I is knitted over upon the whole of the net shaped grooves 34, and then, to finish, the non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21' are knitted within grooves 34. Further, the one side end of the above stated non-vulcanized-anti-skid net bodies 21' are layed on top oî another rnolded connecting band 3, and the cord I of the non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21' are put thercin twistingly. See Fig. 112.
Next, each cross section of the non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21' in which are knittcd wi~hin the net shaped grooves (34) af the p~eliminary molding die (34) are fixed ternporariiy by means of the hot-press.
The mark 35 of Fig. 115 is for showing a temporary assembly plate 35 ~z9~35 to be arranged projectedly "net shape projected str;pes 36" for plugging into "net shaped grooves 34" Or "prcliminary molding die 31" over the whole surface, and further to be arrangcd projcctedly "press-pin 37" in each crossed section. ~Yhen "thc each crosscd sections Or non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies (21')" is rixed tcmporarily, thc net shape projectcd stripe 36 Or the above temporary assembly plate 35 plugs into the net shaped groovc 34 Or the preliminary molding die 31 (Fig. 116), and acts to press thc piledly up stated both molding die 31 by means Or a press machine in a suitable time. By these treatments, those beds 0r non-vulcanized rubber ib Or both cords 1 crossed in each crossed sections are adhered to encll other by adhesion based on tempornry rixing, nnd "the non-vulcanized ~nti-skid net bodies (21') "are maintained in this form so as to be not disconnected. The unloaded non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21' from the preliminary molding die 31 will be treated so that an excess pnrt Or the net shape material 5 Or the connecting section 4 is cut away. See Fig. 1~7.
As mentioned above, the preliminarily molded non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21' enter into a vulcanizingly finishing process. This process is described bclow.
The vulcanizing press die 4I shown in Fig. I l8 is a metal mold for molding rinishedly the preliminarily molded anti-skid net bodies 21' to a predetermined shape. On one side, the net shaped molding groov~s 42 ror molding the anti-skid net bodies ~21) are rormed scoopedly in accuracy.
As shown in Fig. 119, the vulcanizingly finish molding is done to press a steam heated hot-press board 43 onto a vulcanizing press mold 41 after plugging the preliminarily molded non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21' into the net shaped grooves 42 Or the above vulcanizing press mold 41, the non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21' are pressed for around eleven ```~A~ ` -~9~L95 minutes at a temperature Or about 145C. Finally, they are molded up rinishingly while vulcanizing the non-vulcanized .anti-skid net bodies . I' in the state of preliminary mold.
As sllown in Fig. 121, the unloadcd anti-skid net bodies 21 from the vulcani2ing prcss mold 41 are fixed, al`ter cutting off Or the e,Ycess edgcs, by the detachable metallic parts A and the fixing metallic parts B with each hooking sections 2, 2', and further the inside wire rGpe ~R) are fixed along to the insidc hooking scction 2 through the wire rope fixing metallic parts B ror completion.
As described previously, the knitting works of the non-vulcanized net bodies 21' within the net shapcd grooves of the preliminnry molding board will be good by a hand work as mentioned abovc, or also done well automatically by the preliminary molding apparatus; therefore, the explanation Or knitting works by the preliminary molding apparatus will be described in the explanation of the preliminary molding apparatus contents of the No. 12 sectional invention.
Thosc portions Or the invention to ~vhich Figs. 105-137 are relevant are explained below.
The preliminary molding apparatus S is to mold the non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21' as was explained in the patterns of the No. I l sectional invention preliminarily. This comprises a molding board belt-conveyor Sl into which is scooped the net shape grooves 52 for knitting tl)e anti-skid nct bodies; an çxtruding . section S2 to insert cords I into the above net shaped grooves 52 for knitting them; a tempor~ry stopper.section S3 to press each crossed section Or the non-vulc~nized anti-skid net bod;es 21' unloaded from the molding board belt-conveyor Sl.
The molding board belt-conveyor Sl comprises a large number of ~ " SS

P5574A~8/T 1~9~19~;

molding pl~tes 51 connected to each other by the connecting metallic parts 53 flexibly and also endlessly, these molding plates 51 fixed betwecn both supporting drums 55, 55' which are arranged at both ends of frames 54 so as to allow reversible rotation by mcans Or driving motor 56.
Nct shnpcd grooves 52 arc formcd scoopcdly for knitting the nGn-vulcanized anti-skid net bodics 21' on thc surfaces Or each Or the above molding plates 51 nnd thc four stripcs of grooves 50 for unloading from thc bclt-conveyor, which are laid onto the belt-conveyor moving dircction parnllcl along a non-hooking spacc sec~ion of the net shape crossed section Or the net shnpecl groves 52 so as to be formed continuously thosc both groovcs of thc net shaped groovcs 52 for linitting of the non-vulcanizctl anti-skid net bodies 21' nnd the four stripes grooves 50 for unloading from the bclt-conveyor upon the whole length Or the conveying surfaces Or the mold board belt-conveyor Sl composed Or jointin~ with the molding plate 51.
Four pieces of a steel made endless type belt-conveyor 59 for unloading the material are arranged between the supporting roller 57 arranged on the conveying surfnces of the above molding board belt-conveyor Sl and the driving roller 58 Or a back side end of the frames 54. This belt-conveyor 59 causes pressing contact for unloading from the mold by means of a pushing rollers 60 onto the bottom Or previously mentioned each four stripes grooves 50 for unlo~ding from the belt-conveyor so as to move said belt~conveyor 59 together with the molding plate Sl on the convcying surfaces Or the molding board belt-conveyor Sl by means of the rotation of the driving roller 58 synchronized with the supporting drums 55'.
The extruding section Sl which is arranged on the conveying surfaces Or the above molding board belt-conveyor S2 provides six pieces of the extruding heads 61 to ex~rude the cord I molded by the aforesaid cord 9~ .

molding appnrntus G.
As shown in Fig. 108, cach Or thc exttuding heads 61, 61' arc arranged vertic~lly upon the support tnblcs 62, 62'. Also arranged is an extruding channel 63 passing through the upper and lower p~rts in the insidc. Thc cnd Or the cxtruding hc;ld 64 rotatcs freely nnd connects to motor 65 by belt 66. Thereby, hend 64 rota~es reversibly with a predetermined timing.
The cord I which is molded by the eord molding appnrntus G is introduced until ench extruding head 61, 61' by means of some numbe`r Or guiding reels 67, nnd inserts thc cord I into the upper inlet port of the extruding ehnnnel 63, and the mnterinl I is extruded to the surfnee oî the molding plate 61 from the lower end of the extruding port 69 by menns of the rotation of the extruding rollers 68, 68 which is arranged within the end Or the hend 6~1. The extruding rollers 68, 68 are driven by the motor 70 with; a predetermined timing and speed so as to rotnte and stop.
The extruding heads 61, 61' of the above composition are divided into two pnirs of three, and those heads 61, 61' are supported by sliding levers 71, 71', and they nre nrrnnged with a plug-in-shape of pniring thre~ pieces per ench in whieh nre slidnble freely upon those oi spline shaf-ts 72, 72' which nre nrrnnged on the support table 62, which is moved reciprocntingl~y toward a. crossing direetion of conveying direction of the molding plnte belt-eonveyor S]. Further, those extruding hends 61, 61' are supported on shnfts 72, 72' tighteningly with n tightening screw 73 whieh lenves n wider spnee of two pieces suited to the net shnped grooves S2 per eneh.
Further, Ihe above-mentioned ~wo units of the support tnbles 62 and 62' whieh will be tightened serewingly with a serew shar~ 75 in which are rotated reversibly by extruding motors 74, 74' for rotating a scrcwingly , ~

P5574Ao8/T . ~2~ 5 jointcd section 76 which was arrangcd in the bottom of t~bles 62, 6i'. The extrudsng heads 61, 61' in which are arranged with said both support tablcs 62, 62' respcctively are formed so as to situatc at thc one side end and also the othcr sidc end Or the net shaped grooves 52. By means of rotating the above both extruding motors 74, 74' in an opposite direction together at the same time, the cxtruding heads 61, 61' in which are arranged on 2he both support tables 62, 62' in thc above state will be operated reciprocatingly with respect to each other with a same span stroke q, q between the net shaped groovcs 52 on tl~e conveying surfaccs of the molding plate bclt conveyor Sl and the sidc cdge section 8 of the other side~ Figs. 122-123 illustrate this point.
The abovc mentioned conveying movemcnt of the molding plate belt~
conveyor Sl and the reciprocating movement of both support tables 62, 62' will be synchronized as described below. Those movements make the cord I
which are extruded from each extruding head 61, 61' be inserted into the rlet shaped grooves 52 of the mo}ding plate belt-conveyor Sl along predetermined channels. It will be explained as to the inserting channel of the cords J
in the knitting time.
Fig. 124 is a drawing for showing the conveyine surfaces of the molding plate belt-conveyor Sl. Ench extruding head 61, 61' is operated reciprocatingly with the above mentioned stroke q, q along to a moving line K, K' as shown in Fig. 124. Each of the cords which are extruded frorn the extruding heads 61, 61' of the support table 62 will be inserted with a doglcg, at thc samc time, by means of inscrting the cord I ex~ruded from the extruding heads 61, 61' Or the support table 62' into and along the channel of the net shaped grooves 49 shown in Fig. 126. The non-vulcanized net bodies 21' will be knitted continuously toward the conveying direction of ' ~ , 58 - -the belt-conveyor with making to insert crossingly those three pieces bundled cords I extruded from both extruding he~ds 61, 61' into nll Or tllc net shaped grooves 52 as shown in Fig. 127. See also Fig. 128.
Next, it will be explained nbout a relntionship bctween the molding plate belt-conveyor Sl for cQusing movcmcnt Qlong thc ch tnnel Or the al)ove-mentioned elements and the support tQbles 62, 62':
Both Or the extruding he~ds 61 and also 61' tre usually operated in opposite directions respcctively, and in CQSe Or processing tlle non-vulcnnizcd nct bodies 21', owing to those channels of the nct shaped groovcs 49, 49' of making to insert the cords I bcin~ arr~nged symmetrically as shown in Fig. 125 nnd Fig. 126, the quantity Or thc conveying movemcnt arid the timing Or starting the conveying movemcnt or stopping the movement will be similar, so th~tt both Or the heads 61, 61' will be actioned symmetrically with respect to each other.
Further, during the knitting process, the -molding plate belt-conveyor Sl will be activnted intermittently so as to be controlled to move conveyingly while it repeats a stopping motion with a predetermined time when each Or the bent sections el, e2, e3, el', e2', e3' Or both sides Or the chnnnel of the ne~ sllaped groves 49 shown in Fig. 125 and Fig. 126 hnve come to an upper position Or moving line K, K' of the extruding heads 61, 61'~
The molding plate belt-conveyor Sl moves conveyingly as mentioned in above; with the above movement, the chnnnel 49, 49' of the net shaped grooves 52 passcs through toward the side end Or the StrQw cutter S4 undcr the moving line K, K' Or the extruding hends 61, 61'.
The molding plate belt-conveyor Sl moves conveyingly ~s mentioned above; with the above movement, the channel 49, 49' of the net sh tped .
- 5~

~;~9~9S
P55~4A08/T

groovcs 52 passcs through toward the side end of the straw cuttcr S4 under the moving line K, K' of each extruding head 61, 61'. Against this conveying movement, in both of the support tables 62, 62', those of the extruding hcads 61, 61' arrangcd in said support tables 62, 62' will be opcrated synchronizingly so as to movc usually to a just upper position Or a crossed point between the moving lines K, K' of those extruding heads 61, 61' and the channel 49, 49' Or the net shaped grooves tracing by those extruding heads 61, 61'.
That is, this crossed point between the moving lines K, K' of the extruding heads 61, 61' nnd those chnnnels 49, 49' of the net shnped grooves Witll a doglcg shnpc will be moved reciprocatingly upon nn upper position o~
snid cacll moving line K, K', nnd moved ~cciprocatingly with respect to each other on each moving line K, K' so as to trace the above crossed point.
Following this, each sectional function of the molding plate belt-conveyor Sl and the extruding sections S2 in case of inserting the cord' I
along to the channels 49~ 49' of the net shaped grooves in the above will be explained as follows;
When the knitting starts, the extruding heads 61, 61' are allowed to situate anywhere; however, as shot n in Fig. 125 and Fig. 126, the knitting process will be started from the bent sections el, e2 toward a hooking sec~ional grooves 2' in the net shapcd grooves 52 as the starting point.
With the movcment of thc molding plate belt-convcyor Sl, the support table 62 moves synchronizingly as mentioned previously, and inserts the cord I extruded from each extruding heads 61, 61' along the channels 49, 49' of the net shaped grooves as shown in Fig. 127.
The molding plate belt-conveyor Sl and the support tables 62, 62' are operated with a predetermined speed ratio from the starting point to the A~ - 60 .

~9~19Si bent sections e2, e2' Or the hooking section 2'. From the bent sections e2, e2' to the bent sections e3, e3', only thc molding plate belt-conveyor; Sl is moved, ~nd from the bent sections e3, c3' to the bent scctions el, el' Or the hooking scction 2' Or three hooking scctions forwQrd from the aforesaid storting point, the molding plnte belt-conveyor Sl is moved. Still further, the support tablcs 62, 62' are moved toward Dn opposite direction from the aforesnid direction; in this way based on repetition of the above mentioned nctions, the non-vulcanized net bodies 21' are knitted continuously.
Further, those Or the molding plnte belt-conveyor Sl ~nd the suppor~
tables 62, 62' will be stopped at predetermined times wllen they reach the bent sections Or el, e2, e3, el', e2', e3' Or the hooking scction 2' and the side edge section 8'. At this time, ench extruding hend (61) t61') turns and turns the hend 61, 61' toward Q s~me direction with the direction of the chQnnel 49, 49' Or the net shQped grooves for moving in the next, and owing to those movements, it will prevent a twist Or the cord I which are fed insert;ngly into the net shaped grooves 52 from each extruding head 61, 61'.
As mentioned above, the non-vulcanized net bodies 21' which are knitted within the net shaped grooves 52 o~ the molding plate belt-conveyor Sl will be gradually moved towQrd the end section of the molding plate belt-conveyor Sl.
Between the extruding section S2 and the terminal of the molding plate belt-conveyor S~ is disposed a temporary hooking section S3 which hooks temporarily by pressing each crossing section Or the non-vulcnnized net bodies (21') knitted within the net shaped grooves (52).
The temporarily hooking section S3 is composed Or spannlng a tr~verse plate 81 between n supporting rails 80, 80 arranged in both sides Or the , _ 9~ :

molding plate belt-conveyor Sl, and plugs both ends Or said plate 81 into the rnils 80, 80 supportcd slidingly in frce, and arranges a thrust pla~c 84 in which a large number of thrust pins 83 (thrust sectional matcrinl) are projected with the under surface Or a ccntral position Or the travcrse plate 81. It will bc composcd so ns to move thc traversc platc 84 rcciprocatingly on the moving surface of the molding plnte belt-conveyor Sl by means Or a telescopic movement of a hydraulic cylinder 87.
The nbovc thrust pins 83 are projected in a position Or ench crossing section of the non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21' in the under surface of the thrust plnte 84, nnd the thrust plate 84 is held with going up nnd down freely by menns a thrust cylinder fixed with the traverse plnte 81, and when the thrust plate 84 is desccnded down by the hydrnulic cylinder 85, 85, it mnkes each thrust pin 83 in which is projected in the under surfnce Or the thrust plnte 84 so as to press the each crossing sections Or tlle non-vulcnnized net bodies 21' knitted within the net shnped grooves j2.
The thrust plate 84` is !owered while the molding plate belt-conveyor Sl is stopped, nnd descends down the plate 8 in the position of the bnck side of the support rnils 80, 80, and presses each crossing sections 'of the non-vulcanized nnti-skid net bodies 21' by the thrust pins 83. After that, the trnverse plate 8i. moves to the front side of the support rails 80, 80 as shown in Fig. 129, nnd nfter dcscending down the thrust platc 84 again, - turns bnck the trnverse plnte 81 to nn originnl position. After this, ench time the non-vulcnnized nnti-skid net bodies 21' are moved a length Or the range of the tempornrily hooking î in the above, the above mentioned movement will be repented.
The non-vulcnnized nnti-skid net bodics 21' in which e~ch crossiog section is hooked temporarily is kept to form so as to be not disjointed ~`` - 62 -4:~95 while it is left from the molding plnte, nnd it will bc left from thc molding plate, nnd it will bc left from the molding plnte 5l by menns of ;In exfolintion belt 59 when it is moved until the tnil end of the molding plntc belt-convcyor Sl.
As mcntioned abovc, the cxfoliation belt 59 is pushed agninst thc bottom of the grooves Or the exfoliation bclt 59 which is grooved hollowingly on the molding plnte 51, and the cxfolintion belt 59 will be moved togethcr with the molding plate belt-conveyor Sl, and the non-vulcnnized nnti-skid net bodies 21' knitted within thc molding plnte belt-conveyor Sl is knitting on the e.Yfoliation belt 59. Accordingly, the non~
vulcnnized anti-skid net bodies 21' movcd to the end scctiOIl Or the molding plnte belt-conveyor Sl are left from the molding plnte Sl which is to be bent downward by a supporting drum 55' Or the tail end side, and they run on each exfolintion belt 59 which are stretched toward the driving roller 58 so ns to extend on the moving surf3ce Or the molding plnte belt-conveyor (Sl)~
and, further, they are moved toward the straw cutter S~ in the tail end~ of the frame (54).
The non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21' on the exfoliation belt 59 are moved until the tnil end of the exfoliation belt S9 while it Is thrusted by n sending belt 86) rotnting automnticnlly on the surface, and it is cut off by the straw cutter S4 with a predetermined length.
The strnw cutter S4 is composed to be supported with an universnl movements townrd up and down between the stays 90, 90 arranged in the tail end of the fr~me, and an electrical he~ter 91 is disposed wi~h the side so ns to be ablc to hent up the whole of said cutter S4 with a predetermined tempernture, and in case of cu~ting work, pushes the edge of ~he blade agninst the cutting position of the non-vulcanized an~;-skid net bodies 21' 6~

which is movingly thrusted backward with a predetermined length from th~
straw cutter S4, and cuts off it thrustingly while making thc materials or the non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodics 21' to softcn by rncans Or the hcat of said bladc S4, and finishes the cutting of r Or thc non-vulcanized anti-skid nct bodics 21' with a predetermined length. See Fig. 107.
The preliminary molding in wllich was described in the No. I l scctionnl invention will be good to bc molded automatically by means Or the preliminary molding apparatus S as mentioned above; in this way, the non--- vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21' bcing cut Orr with a prcscribcd length in the above is fixed with thc one cnd Or the connccting band 3, nnd nrter cut~ing off excess net parts, it iS shifted to the process Or the vulcnnization as mentioncd in the above.
The above mentioncd preliminary molding apparatus S is set up so as to make the non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21' with the net shape patterns shown in Fig. 129 to be for the preliminary molding, however, it will be ablc to mold preliminarily the anti-skid nct bodies with an optional net shape patterns according to change those of the patterns of the net shaped grooves 52 of the molding plate belt-conveyor Sl, the number of the extruding heads 61, 61' to be used and an arrangement of the thrusting pins 83 of the temporary hooking section S3.
For example, those shown in Fig. 130 of the anti-skid net and a coreless linear materials 21 are knitted with rour pieces Or the cord 1, 1 and 1', 1', and in case of knitting the anti-skid net bodies 21', replaces thc molding plate 51 of the molding plate belt-conveyor Sl to anothcr thing having a net shaped grooves 52 of the patterns Or the above anti-skid net bodies 21, and further, the above cords I and the coreless cords 1' are extruded out by the use Or totally rour pieces of the extruding head 61,~ 61' combined wi~h each two, pieces of the heads (61) (61') from among thesc extruding heads 61, 61' arrangcd by each ~hree pieces per both support t~bles 62 and 62'.
In thc knitting time, the corcless cords 1, 1 are inserted onto thc net shaped grooves 52 o~ said channel 49, 49' while moving the cxtruding heads 61, 61 of the support table 62 along to ~he channcl 49, 49' of the net shaped grooves as shown in Fig. 131, at the same time,- the cords 1', 1' ~rc also inserted into the net shaped grooves 52 of the channel 49, 49' while moving the extruding hends 61', 61' Or the support table 62' along to the channel 49, 49' of the net shaped grooves as shown in Fig. 132, and knites the non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21' with the net shape p~ttern as shown in Fig. 133 within the whole of the net shaped grooves 52.
Further, the anti-skid net bodies 21' knitted within the net shaped grooves 52 will be hooked temporarily with thrusting Or each crossing section by the temporary hooking section S3 arranged the thrusting pins 83 put together with a position of each crossing section of said bodies 21'.
Further, the above mentioned non-vulcanized anti-skid net bod;es 21' are adopted with the cords I without a core material in which forms the side edge section 8' of said bodies 21', so that in accordance with the ,abo~e, the structure will be simplified by means of omitting the core materials Or the cords I along the side edge section 8' where an extensive strength is comparatively not required.
In case of the aforesaid non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21', it will be able to knit the non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21' without contalning a core materials within a partial sectional materials if uses some pieces of the eoreless cords I within six pieces of the cords I to be used.

5_ ~4~95 Further, thc prcliminary molding rlpp~ratus S will allow knitting thc non-vulcanized nnti-skid nct bodics 21' by cvcn use of one unit Or thc extruding hcad only.
In this casc, cithcr onc Or six picccs Or thc extruding hcads 61, 61', ror cxamplc, using thc cxtruding hcad 61 Or the support tablc 62, and inscrts a picce Or tllc cord J into along to the ch~nncl 49 Or the nct shapcd grooves from the starting point j Or thc net shaped grooves 5~ as shown with the drawing drawn with a single strokc in thosc of bctwccn Fig. 134 and Fig 137.
In thc knitting time, whcn the extruding head 61 has moved to the rront cnd of thc channel 49 Or the nct shapcd grooves, otherwise to the tail end of it as shown in the drawings, the moving direction of the molding plate belt-convcyor Sl to thc reverse or the correct direction, and whilc making it to move reciprocatingly on the moving surface Or the molding pl~tc belt-conveyor Sl in the center line of the moving line K Or thc extruding head 61, and inserts the cord I into the net shaped grooves 52 Or thc channel 4g, and finishcs knitting a shcct Or thc non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21'~ ~
When finished knitting thc non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21', the tail end Or cord 1 is cut orf, and next, each crossing sections is hooked tempor~rily by the tcmporary hooking scctions S3 mcntioncd bcfore.
In case Or knitting it by a picce Or the cord J, it is not necessary to cut Orr the non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies 21' by tlle straw cutter S4 because Or it being knitted with a prescribed length within thc molding platc belt-conveyor SJ.
Obviously, numcrous modific~tions ~nd variations Or this invcntion ~re possible in light Or thc above teachings. It is therefore to bc k~ 66-understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

~-"~

Claims (30)

1. A method for making an anti-skid apparatus for an automobile tire comprising the steps of a) forming a cord by thickly coating a plurality of pieces of core material with rub-ber; b) forming a non-vulcanized net body using said cord, said non-vulcanized net body inherently having cord crossing portions;
c) pressing the cord crossing portions; d) vulcanizing the pressed non-vulcanized net body to form an anti-skid net body, said anti-skid net body having a predetermined width and length suitable for encircling a tire and having an inside hooking sec-tion and an outside hooking section, and e) providing means for detachably connecting said anti-skid net body to a tire, said means comprising i) a metallic part attached to said inside hook-ing section; ii) a wire rope capable of passing through said metallic part; iii) a detachable metallic part connecting to said outside hooking section; and iv) a band capable of passing through said detachable metallic part to detachably secure said anti-skid apparatus to said tire.

2. A process as recited in claim 1, wherein said band is an actional band.

3. A process as recited in claim 1, wherein said band is a setting band.

4. A method for making an anti-skid apparatus for an automobile tire comprising the steps of a) coating a plurality of core materials with rubber to form a plurality of cords, said plurality of core materials disposed in parallel; b) molding the cord into non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies which inherently possess crossing sections where one of the plurality of cords lies on top of another of the plurality of cords; c) pressing the crossing sections so as to cause the core materials at the cross-ing sections to become linearly aligned; d) vulcanizing the pressed non-vulcanized anti-skid net bodies to form a vulcanized net body having an inside hooking section and an outside hooking section; e) affixing means to the vulcanized net body to detach-ably secure the vulcanized net body to an automobile tire, said means for detachably securing comprising i) a metallic part attached at inside hooking section; ii) a wire rope capable of passing through said metallic part; iii) a detachable metallic part connecting to said outside hooking section; iv) a band cap-able of passing through said detachable metallic part to detach-ably secure said anti-skid apparatus to said tire.

5. A method as recited in claim 4, wherein said core materials are caused to become horizontally aligned during the pressing step.

6. A method as recited in claim 5, wherein said core materials are caused to form multiple horizontal lines during the pressing step.

7. A method as recited in claim 6, wherein said core materials are caused to form two horizontal lines, one on top of the other, with the core materials also vertically aligned.

8. A method for making an anti-skid apparatus for an automobile tire comprising the steps of a) forming a cord by coating a plurality of pieces of core material with rubber; b) forming a non-vulcanizing net body using the cord, said non-pressed non-vulcanized net body inherently having cord crossing portions; c) pressing the cord crossing portions; d) vulcanizing the pressed non-vulcanized net body to form an anti-skid net body, said anti-skid net body having a predetermined width and length suitable for encircling a tire and having an inside hook-ing section and an outside hooking section; and e) providing means for detachably connecting said anti-skid net body to a tire, said means comprising i) a wire rope woven through the net body, said wire rope having loop sections at both ends; ii) means for connecting said wire rope to said nets, said means comprising a)) a fixed metallic part fixed on said net, b)) a detachable metal part fixed on said net, iii) an actional band, and iv) means for connecting said actional band to said net so as to detachably install said anti-skid attachment to a tire comprising a)) a detachable metallic part connected to said net; b)) a hook-ing metallic part on said actional band capable of cooperating with said detachable metallic part on said net so that connection is made at the tail end section of the outside of the net.

9. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein said band comprises an actional band, wherein each ring section is disposed in a position corresponding to a center axis of the tire when installed, and wherein the net has connecting arms which project in a radial manner with a suitable interval around the circumfer-ence of each ring.

10. A method of attaching an anti-skid apparatus to an automobile tire comprising the steps of wrapping an anti-skid net-shaped attachment around an automobile tire; installing a suitable number of setting bands situated on the outside of the tire through a metallic part; and laying a suitable number of actional bands on top of the aforementioned metallic part wherein the total attachment is detachable.

11. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein said core material and said rubber coating materials are different colors.

12. A method as recited in claim 1, further comprising the steps of dividing the net body lengthwise; providing a means for reconnecting the net body where divided.

13. A method as recited in claim 1, further comprising the step of connecting unitedly both ends of the longest direc-tion of the anti-skid apparatus body for an automobile tire so as to make it into a ring shape.

14. A method as recited in claim 1, further comprising the step of fixing an ultra-hardened metal in a suitable crossing section of the net of the anti-skid apparatus body for an automo-bile tire.

15. An anti-skid apparatus for an automobile tire com-prising (a) a cord formed of a plurality of pieces of core mate-rial therein coated thickly with rubber between each piece of said core materials; (b) a non-vulcanized net body formed from said cord, said non-vulcanized net body inherently having cord crossing portions; (c) cord crossing portions pressed to flat shape; (d) a vulcanized net body formed to an anti-skid net body by vulcanizing the pressed non-vulcanized net body, said anti-skid net body having a predetermined width and length suitable for encircling a tire and having an inside hooking section and an outside hooking section; and (e) means provided for detachably connecting said anti-skid net body to a tire, said means compris-ing i) rope fixing metallic parts attached to said inside hooking section; ii) an inside rope fixed with said rope fixing metallic parts; iii) band hooking metallic parts attached to said outside hooking section; and iv) an actional band to detachably hook said band hooking metallic part.

16. An anti-skid apparatus as recited in claim 15, wherein said actional band is formed from a plurality of connect-ing arms extended radially from an outer periphery of a core ring with a suitable interval so as to connect an outer end of each said connecting arms with said actional ring.

17. An anti-skid apparatus as recited in claim 15, wherein at least one setting band is hooked to said band hooking metallic part prior to hooking said actional band.

18. An anti-skid apparatus as recited in claim 15, wherein said core materials are caused to form two horizontal lines, one on top of the other, with the core materials also ver-tically aligned.

19. An anti-skid apparatus for an automobile tire com-prising (a) a cord formed with a plurality of pieces of core material therein coated thickly with rubber between each piece of said core materials; (b) a non-vulcanized net body formed from said cord, said non-vulcanized net body inherently having cord crossing sections; (c) said crossing sections pressed to cause the core material at the crossing sections to become linearly aligned; (d) a vulcanized net body formed to an anti-skid net body by vulcanizing the pressed non-vulcanized net body, said anti-skid net body having an inside hooking section and an out-side hooking section; (e) a means provided to the vulcanized net body to detachably secure the vulcanized net body to an automatic tire, said means for detachably securing comprising i) rope fix-ing metallic parts attached to said inside hooking section; ii) an inside rope fixed with said rope fixing metallic parts; iii) band hooking metallic parts attached to said outside hooking sec-tion; and iv) an actional band to hook said band hooking metallic parts to detachably secure said anti-skid apparatus to said tire.

20. An anti-skid apparatus as recited in claim 19, wherein said actional band is formed from a plurality of connect-ing arms extended radially from an outer periphery of a core ring with a suitable interval so as to connect an outer end of each said connecting arms with said actional ring.

21. An anti-skid apparatus as recited in claim 19, wherein at least one setting band is hooked to said band hooking metallic part prior to hooking said actional band.

22. An apparatus as recited in claim 19, wherein said core materials are caused to form two horizontal lines, one on top of the other, with the core materials also vertically aligned.

23. An anti-skid apparatus for an automobile tire com-prising (a) a cord formed by a plurality of pieces of core mate-rial coated thickly with rubber between each piece of said core materials; (b) a non-vulcanized net body formed by said cord, said non-vulcanized net body inherently having cord crossing por-tions and having a connecting band on one end of the non-vulcan-ized net body; (c) said cord crossing portions pressed to flat shape; (d) a vulcanized net body formed to an anti-skid net body by vulcanizing the pressed non-vulcanized net body, said anti-skid net body having a predetermined width and length suitable for encircling a tire and having an inside hooking section and an outside hooking section; and (e) a means provided for detachably connecting said anti-skid net body to a tire, said means compris-ing i) rope fixing metallic parts attached to said inside hooking section; ii) an inside rope fixed with said rope fixing metallic parts, said inside rope comprising a)) loop portions with both ends of said inside ropes, b)) a hooking metallic part attached to one end of said inside ropes for hooking the other loop, c)) a connecting metallic part provided to the other side of said loop portions for hooking said connecting band; iii) setting band group, and iv) means for connecting said setting band group to said net so as to detachably install said anti-skid attachment to a tire, comprising a)) a band hooking metallic part attached to said outside hooking section; b)) two finger type hooking metal-lic parts having two hooking finger portions of hooking said con-necting band and said setting band group at the tail end section of the outside of the net.

24. An apparatus as recited in claim 23, wherein said setting band group consists of either said actional band or said setting band.

25. An anti-skid apparatus for an automobile tire com-prising a) a cord formed of a plurality of pieces of core mate-rial therein coated thickly with rubber between each piece of said core material; b) a non-vulcanized net body formed by said cord, said non-vulcanized net body inherently having cord cross-ing portions; c) said cord crossing portions pressed to flat shape; d) a vulcanized net body formed to an anti-said net body by vulcanizing the pressed non-vulcanized net body, said anti-skid net body having a predetermined width and length suitable for encircling a tire and having an inside hooking section and an outside hooking section; and e) means provided for detachably connecting said anti-skid net body to a tire, said means compris-ing i) rope fixing metallic parts attached to said inside hooking section and said outside hooking section; ii) an inside rope and an outside rope fixed with said rope fixing metallic parts; iii) band hooking metallic parts attached to said outside rope; and iv) said setting band group to detachably hook said band hooking metallic parts.

26. An apparatus as recited in claim 25, wherein said setting band group consists of either said actional band or said setting band.

27. An apparatus as recited in claim 15, 23 or 25, wherein a core material having a different color layer from the color of said rubber to form said cord, said different color layer coated around the circumference of said core material.

28. An apparatus as recited in claim 15, 23 or 25, wherein comprising the net body divided lengthwise; a means pro-vided for connecting the net body where divided.

29. An apparatus as recited in claim 15, 23 or 25, wherein both ends of the longest direction of the anti-skid appa-ratus for an automobile tire are connected unitedly so as to make it into a ring shape.

30. An apparatus as recited in claim 15, 23 or 25, wherein ultra-hardened metals are fixed in suitable crossing sec-tions of the net of the anti-skid apparatus body for an automo-bile tire.