CA1286658C - Fluid agitator - Google Patents
Fluid agitatorInfo
- Publication number
- CA1286658C CA1286658C CA000522507A CA522507A CA1286658C CA 1286658 C CA1286658 C CA 1286658C CA 000522507 A CA000522507 A CA 000522507A CA 522507 A CA522507 A CA 522507A CA 1286658 C CA1286658 C CA 1286658C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- driving shaft
- closed space
- ball
- turbine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/25—Mixers with both stirrer and drive unit submerged in the material being mixed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/56—General build-up of the mixers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
- Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A fluid agitator is provided herein which may stir fluid in a closed space without leakage of the fluid, The fluid agitator has a motive means and a bearing means installed in the closed space. In a first embodiment, namely a fluid agitator employing a electric motor as the motive means, only the stater coil of the motor which is weak in its resistance against high temperatures and humid atmospheres is sealed in a sealing vessel. The sealing vessel may be provided with a cooling device to cool the inside thereof. The driving shaft of the motor is supported by a bearing having resistance to high temperatures and high humidity and is provided with an agitating blade. In a second embodiment, namely a fluid agitator employing a turbine system as the motive means, a turbine chamber and a turbine blade are set in the closed space. A fluid supply is furnished to introduce fluid into the turbine chamber from outside of the closed space for driving and rotating the turbine blade. The turbine blade is connected to an agitating blade through a rotation transmission.
A fluid agitator is provided herein which may stir fluid in a closed space without leakage of the fluid, The fluid agitator has a motive means and a bearing means installed in the closed space. In a first embodiment, namely a fluid agitator employing a electric motor as the motive means, only the stater coil of the motor which is weak in its resistance against high temperatures and humid atmospheres is sealed in a sealing vessel. The sealing vessel may be provided with a cooling device to cool the inside thereof. The driving shaft of the motor is supported by a bearing having resistance to high temperatures and high humidity and is provided with an agitating blade. In a second embodiment, namely a fluid agitator employing a turbine system as the motive means, a turbine chamber and a turbine blade are set in the closed space. A fluid supply is furnished to introduce fluid into the turbine chamber from outside of the closed space for driving and rotating the turbine blade. The turbine blade is connected to an agitating blade through a rotation transmission.
Description
12~36658 The present invention relates to a fluid agitator which stirs fluid, that is liquid and gas or the like, in a closed space.
Fluid agitating i5 sometimes required under increased pressure, under reduced pressure or at high temperatures in a closed space, for example in a reaction chamber, an autoclave, a rubber vulcanizer, an electric furnace, a heat treatment furnace, a culture chamber, or the like. The fluid agitation in such closed space is required to uniformly and promptly to distribute the temperature and/or the humidity thereof, or to activate the reactive fluid.
Apparatus for achieving such agitating includes a motive means, e.g. a motor or the like equipped outside of the closed space, and a rotating shaft attached to the motor, the shaft being provided with an agitating blade. The rotating shaft passes through a partition into the closed space and stirs the fluid therein by means of the agitating blade.
With such apparatus, a hole must be formed in the partition to enable the shaft to pass through, and a seal must be provided around the shaft. A mechanical seal, a labyrinth seal, an oil seal, a gland packing or the like are generally utilized for the sealing of such rotating shaft. As is well known, such shaft sealing devices are not able completely to prevent leakage of the fluid from the closed space. Where the inner pressure or the temperature of the closed space is very high, and/or where the shaft rotates at high speed, such sealing devices cannot retain 1~36~
their sealing ability. This lowers the reliability of the equipment using it. In fact, accidents occurred where lubricating oil, which has leaked from a double type mechanical seal into the inside of the closed space, was subjected to high temperature and ignited.
Thus, it was not generally possible to obtain satisfactory equipment in which Eluid required to be stirred was disposed in a closed space. There are many fields, e.g. a high temperature and pressure moisture curing vessel for light bubble concrete, where the use of an agitating fluid in the closed space is not practiced, notwithstanding the fact that agitation of such fluid would be clearly effective and advantageous.
If a fluid agitator could be provided which substantially agitated the fluid under high temperature and high pressure conditions in a closed space without accidents, e.g. without leakage and/or ignition, it would be applicable for many fields of industry.
Accordingly it is an object of one aspect of this invention to provide a fluid agitator which does not utilize a rotating shaft passing through a partition of a closed space within which the fluid to be agitated is disposed.
It is an object of another aspect of this invention to provide a fluid agitator which can agitate the interior of a closed space with high reliability under condition of high temperature, high pressure and/or high humidity.
1~6~;58 It is an object of a further aspect of this invention to provide a fluid agitator which can agitate fluid in a closed spacQ at high speeds without significant leakage of the fluid out of the closed space.
~ y one broad aspect of this invention, a fluid agitator for agitating liquid, gas or the like in the closed space, is provided, comprising a motor including a stator coil sealed in a sealing chamber, an agitation blade connected to the driving shaft of the motor, and a bearing which has resistance to high temperature and/or high humidity supporting the driving shaft.
In one embodiment thereof, the sealing box may be provided with a cooling device to cool the inside thereof. In another embodiment thereof, the motor preferably comprises: a stator having an almost-square, ring shape with open edges; a stator coil wound around the stator and sealed by the sealing vessel; and an armature placed between the open edges of the stator.
With such construction, according to one embodiment of the invention, the motor safely enables agitation without problems in a high temperature, and/or high pressure, and/or high humidity atmosphere of the closed space since the stator coil having slight resistance to high temperature, and/or high pressure, and/or high humidity is set and sealed in the sealing chamber.
Consequently, the interior of the closed space can be reliably stirred without the need for the passing o~ a rotating shaft through a partition of the closed space.
By another broad aspec-t of this invention, a fluid agitator is provided including a turbine chamber which is installed in a closed space. A turbine blade i3 set :in the turbine chamber. A
fluid supply is provided including means to introduce the fluid into the -turbine chamber for driving and rotating the turbine blade. The fluid which has driven the turbine blade may be exhausted into the outside of the closed space by an appropriate discharging device, or may be leaked into the closed space, such leakage does not give rise to other problerns. The turbine blade is connected -to a transmission which transmits the rotation of the turbine blade to the outside of the turbine room. The agitation blade is connected to th0 transmission outside of the turbine chamber.
~lthough it is not required for the turbine chamber to be perfectly sealed, and even though some leakage may be allowed to the extent of the limit of the present art, it is preEerred to minimize the leakage o the fluid into the turbine chamber or the leakage oE the fluid for driving the turbine into the closed space.
It is preferred that the agitating blade be connected to a driving shaft, and that the driving shaft be supported by a bearing having resi tance against high temperature and/or high humidity. The agitating blade is connected to such driving shaft.
i5~3 Furthermore, it is preEerred tha-t the bearing for the driving shaft include a first ball ~hich i3 adap-ted to be in sliding contact with an end face of the driving shaft, and at least one secon~ ball which is adapted to be in rolling contact ~ith the firs-t ball.
Gas, air, inert gases, e.g. ~17, ~r, or the like, liquid or steam can be employed as the fluid for driving the turbine blade.
Though a designat0d fluid may be supplied for driving the turbine blade the fluid, gas or steam for pressurizing and/or 10 heatin~ the inside of the closed space may b0 u-tilized as such driving fluid. Th0 pressure oE such gas or steam is reduced to the prescribed value through a reducing valve for such driving use. When such gas or s-team is used as the driving fluid, such fluids may be introduced directly from the source without passing through a reducing valve into the turbine chamber to drive the turbine blade. The gas or steam which has been used Eor driving the turbine may be leaked into the closed space to pressurize or heat the inside thereof, or it may be exhausted out of the system to heat or pressurize other equipment. The application of such 20 gas or steam for driving effectively reduces the operating cost of the turbine system.
Such embodiment of the present invention provides efEective agitation of the fluid in the closed space by introducing the fluid for driving into the turbine room from the outside~ The fluid rotat0s the turbine blade and the rotation is transmitted ~6~
by the -transmission. to -the agitation blade which stirs the fluid in the closed space.
In the accompanying drawings, FIG. 1 i.5 an ~levational view in --;ection showing one embodiment of the Eluid agitator oE an asp~ct of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan vie~ of the embocliment o:E FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 ancl FIG 4 are plan views showing an arrangement of balls in a b~a.riny;
F'IG. 5 is an enlarged section view showing ano-ther embodiment of the bearing;
FIG. 6 is an elevational view in sec-tion showing another embodiment oE the agitator of another aspect of this invention;
and FIG. 7 is an enlarged saction view showing the bearing part of the embodiment of FIG. 6.
Refer:ring to the attached drawings, (X) indica-tes a closed space, e.g. a chamber, a Eurnace or the lilce. (A) indicates a fluid agitator of an embodiment of this invention in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. In FIG. 2, tha closed space (X) is omitted fo.r clarity.
Though the closed .space (X) is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, as a ractangular parallelepiped, it may be of any shapa; for exampls it may be a ring shape.
The agitator (A) consists of a motor 1, an agit~ting blade 2, and a bearing 3. A stator coil 11 o~ the motor 1 is placed in a closed space (X~. In this embodiment, the stator coil 11 is 5~3 set and sealed in a sealing chamber 13 made of stainless steel which protects the sta-tor coil 11 from atmo3pheres of high temperature, and/or high pressurs and/or high humidi-ty in the clo~ed space (X). The sta-tor coil 11 and sealing chamber 13 hav~
the shape oE a rectangular ring ha~ing a hole in -the center, through which a stator 10 passes. The stator 10 has a shape of an almost-square ring with an open edge, whose end faces facing each other are each formed in Q semi-circle. An arma-ture 12 is installed between the end faces.
With such construction, the stator coil 11 is protec-ted by the sealing chamber 13, which does not magnetically affect the motor 1 because the sealing chamber 13 is not in-terposed between the stator 10 and the armature 12.
The sealing bo~ 13 may be cooled according to demand. In the embodiment shown, the sealing bo~ 13 is provided with two co~munication pipes 16a and 16b which extend outwardly through the partition of the closed space (X). The holes in the partition through which the communication pipes 16a, 16b pass are sealed by O-rings 19, 19 or other equivalent sealing means. The communication pipe 16a is connected to a source of cooling gas (not illustrated), and carries the gas to the sealing box 13 for cooling the stator coil 11. The communication pipe 16b is for the purpose of exhausting the cooling gas. The communication pipe 16b may be open to the air or may b~ connected to a suction pump (not illustrated) or the like~ The communication pipes 16a, 16b also serve as the extending pipes for a cord 17 of the stator ~X~665B
coil 11, from which the cord 17 projecl:s through a seal 18. The sealing box 13 may be provided with a covering jacket or the like over the outside, and may be cooled by a cooling gas introduced therebetween. Man~ other embodiments i-or cooling the sealing box 13 can be employed within the scope of this invention.
The armature 12 is provided with eL vertically-extending driving sha~t 14 which is supported by bearings 3, 3 at the top and bottom ends -thereo~. An agitating blade 2 i~ ~ixed to the upper part of the driving shaft 14. The agitating blade 2 is made o-~ any metallic material which is resistant to high temperature and/or high humidity. The bearings 3 consist of supports 7, 7 which have a semi-spherical shape and include balls 8 th0rein. The supports 7 have holes therein which hold a plurality o balls 8 which rotatably support the end of the driving shaft 14 disposed therein. The upper support 7 is held in a supporting box 4 by spring 5 which absorbs the vertical movement oE the driving sha~t 14. The supporting box 4 includes a foot 6 having a crank shape which supports the supporting box 4 on the stator 10.
In this embodiment, the bearing 3 has the inventi~e construction which is resistant to high temperature and/or high speed rotation without an oil-supply. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the support 7 holds a plurality of balls 8. A second ball 8' is disposed in rotatable contact with each of ball ~. The ball 8' is placed in a cone-shaped groove 9 formed on an end face of the driving sha~t 14. Thç driving shaft 14 is supported by the ball ~6~i5~
8' which is in rolling contact with groove 9. A material which does not require lubricating oil and which has high wear and corrosion resistance is preferably utilized for the support , and balls 8,8'. For e~ample, carbon, SiC, cemented carbide, sapphire, ceramics or the like may be utilized. The material mav be selected depending on the characteristic and the temperature of the fluid to be stirred. The number of the balls 8,8' and/or of the packing of the balls 8,8' are optional. For example, Fig.
5 shows the embodiment where the driving shaft 14 has a pair of supports 7, one at each upper and lower end thereof and the balls 8 are packed in three steps, that is, the balls 8 are placed in each oE the supports 7 and the ball 8' is placed between the pair of supports 7 and in rolling contact with balls 8.
The inventive bearing having the construction mentioned above does not need an oil supply and is wear-resistant because the amount oE rolling contact of the balls is less than that of the conventional pivo-t bearing. Consequently a high PV value is obtained with such bearing in a high temperature atmosphere or liquid, and the driving shaft 14 can be resistant to high speed rotation.
The material of the driving shaft 14, of the armature 12 and of the stator 10 may be selected depending on the atmosphere in the closed space (X). 15 indicates the shading coil in Fig. 1 and 2.
In such construction, since the stator coil 11 which is least resistant to high temperature, and/or high pressure and/or 1~36~
high humidity is set and sealed in the sealing box 13, the motor 1 may provide rotation without problems in such atmosphere of high temperature, and/or high pressure, and/or high humidity and makes the agitating blade 2 effectively agitate the fluid in the closed space (~). When cooling of the sealing box 13 is carried out, the heat resistance is further increased. Moreover, since the sealing box 13 does not interfere with the magnetic field between the stator 10 and the armature 12, and does not magnetically affect them, the power of the motor 1 i5 the same as that of an ordinary motor. The bearing which is resistant to high temperature, and/or high pressure and/or humidity without an oil supply bears the driving shaft 14 so that the driving shaft 14 can rotate without problems and maintains substantial stirring by the agitating blade 2.
Referring now to Figs. 6 and 7, another embodiment of the invention is shown. In Fig. 6, a fluid agitator (~) of one aspect of this invention is installed in the closed space (X) which is provided with the fluid to be stirred. The agitator (B) is cylindrical in shape, whose under part is a turbine chamber 21. The upper part constitutes a space for the agitation blade 25 to rotate therein.
A turbine blade 22 is furnished in a turbine chamber 21 so as to rotate horizontally therein by means of driving fluid for driving the turbine blade 22 supplied from an injection nozzle 30 having a small bore. The injection nozzle 30 is set into the 6~i58 inner side-wall of the turbine chamber 21 and is connected with a introduction pipe 32 through a conduit hole 31 which passes through the bottom of the turbine chamber 21. The introduction pipe 32 extends out of the closed space (X) passing through the wall of the closed space (X), and is connected with a fluid source (not shown) through a control valve 33 and a condenser, pump, blower or the like 34. The control valve 33 is controlled by a pressure controller 27 to be described hereinafter. The injection nozzle 30, the conduit hole 31, the introduction pipe 32, the control valve 33, the condenser, pump, blower or the like 34, and the fluid source constitute a fluid supply device 23.
In this embodiment, the fluid, which has driven the turbine blade 22, is exhausted out of the turbine chamber 21 to the outside of the closed space (X). A discharge hole 35 is formed in the bottom of the turbine chamber 21, which is connected to a discharge pipe 36 which passes through the wall of the closed space (X) and extends outside of it. The discharge pipe 36 is provided with a control valve 37 which is also controlled by the pressure controller 27. The fluid which has driven the turbine blade 22 is exhausted through the discharge hole 35, the discharge pipe 36 and the control valve 37. It is easy completely to seal the part of the closed space (X) where the introduction pipe 32, the discharge pipe 36 pass through, and to prevent fluid leakage from the closed space (X) because the introduction pipe 32, and the discharge pipe 36 are not rotatable, but in the other hand, are stationary.
~6~S~
The -turbine blade 22 is secured vertically on the driving shaft 2~ which is set in the turbine chamher 21 and is supported by bearings 26,26 at each upper and lower end thereof. The top and bottom of the turbine chamber 21 where the driving shaft 24 passes through is provided w:ith a b0ari:ng and shaft seal 40,40 to improve the sealing perEormance of the turbine chamber 21. Many embodiments rrlay be employed as the beariny and shaft seal 40; for example, a labyrinth seal with a bushing is utilized in Fig. 6 The ~aterial oE the bearing and shaft seal 40 is preferably a solid-lubricant, e.g. carbon, ceramics or the like, where it is 10 used in th0 high temperature of the closed space (X).
The agitation blade 25 is set at the upper end of tha driving shaft 24. The driving shaft 24 transmits the rotation of the turbine blade 22 to the agitation blade 25. The driving shaft 24 is the means in this embodiment to transmit the rotation of the turbine blade 22. The agitation blade 25 rotates horizontally in rotation space 50 of the agitator (B). The agitator (B) is provided wi-th an inlet 51, at one face -thereof for the introduction of the fluid to be agitated into the rotation space 50, and with an outlet 52 at the upp0r part of 20 side wall. The rotation of the turbine blade 22 induces flow of the fluid in direction of the arrows in Fig. 6. The flow serves to stir the fluid in the closed space (X). The setting position, scale, number, and the like, of the outlet 51 and/or the outlet 52 may be determined depending on the position of the agitator 12866~
(~) in the closed space (X) and/or the amount of flow required substantially to agitate the fluid.
The material of the turbine blade 22, the bearing and shaft seal 40 or other elements may be select:ed at will. In the embodiment shown, carbon material is ut:ilized so as to make the turbine blade 22 light and the bearing and shaft seal 40 into an oil-less bearing. Other materials, for example, organic materials, inorganic materials, metals, or complex materials made thereof, can be utilized if such material is light ~nd can be lubricated without oil.
When the fluid to be stirred is a liquid, it is preferred to use gas as the fluid for driving the turbine blade 22 and to provide no discharge hole and pipe in the turbine chamber 21.
With such construction, the gas to drive the turbine blade 22 leaks from the bearing and shaft seal 40 into the sealed space (X) and forms a bubble in the liquid and aids in agitation of the liquid.
The introduction pipe 32 and the discharge pipe 36 each have a pressure gauge 70 and 71 (respectively) which measure the pressures P1,P2 thereof. A pressure gauge 72 to measure pressure P3 is set in the sealed space (X). The pressure valves P1, P2, and P3 input to a r~ressure controller 27 which controls the control valves 33,37 so as to make the following pressure condition: P1 = P2 + ~ P. Though ~ P may be determined depending on the required speed of rotation of the turbine blade 22, a P is usually set at several atm. The pressure controller ~36~58 27 also controls P2 to be almost equal to P3 in order to prevent the fluid which is to be stirred from leaking into the turbine chamber 21 through the bearing and shaft seal 40 or to prevent the fluid which is used to drive the turbine blade 22 from invading into the sealed space (X).
Referring now to Fig. 7, a bearing is shown which has also the inventive construction which is resistant to high temperature and/or high speeds of rotation without oil supply. In the same manner as the construction shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the supports 60,60 hold a plurality of balls 61' in rotational contact with balls 61 in a well therein. The ball 61' is placed in cone-shaped groove 41, which is formed on each end face of the driving shaft 24. The ball 61' supports the driving shaft 24 in sliding contact with the groove 41. A material which does not require lubricating oil and which has high wear and corrosion resistance is preferably utilized for the support 60 and/or for the ball 61.
Examples of such material include carbon, SiC, cemented carbide, sapphire, ceramics or the like. The material may be selected depending on the characteristics and the temperature of the fluid to be stirred. The number of balls 61,61' and/or the stacking of balls 61,61' are also optional. In the same manner shown in Fig.
5, such construction may be characterized by the driving shaft 24 having a pair of the supports 60 and having the balls stacked in three steps; that is the balls 61 are placed in each support 60 and the ball 61' is disposed between the end of the driving shaft 24 and the pair of balls 61 in the support 60.
1~86G58 The lower support 60 is vertically movable and is supported by the spring 62 in order to absorb such movement as caused by the heat of expansion of the driving shaft 24.
The inventive bearing having the construction mentioned above does not need any oil supply and is wear-resistance because the amount of sliding of the ball 61 is less than that of the conventional pivot bearing. Consequently a high PV value is obtained with such bearing in a high temperature atmosphere, and the driving shaft 24 can be resistant to high speed rotation.
In such construction, the turbine blade 22 rotates by supplying the fluid, e.g. air, from the fluid supply 23, and simultaneously rotates the agitation blade 25, which induces stirring flow of the fluid i~ the closed space. There is no significantleakage of the fluid out of the closed space, because such construction includes no rotating shaft passing through the partition of the closed space (X).
Fluid agitating i5 sometimes required under increased pressure, under reduced pressure or at high temperatures in a closed space, for example in a reaction chamber, an autoclave, a rubber vulcanizer, an electric furnace, a heat treatment furnace, a culture chamber, or the like. The fluid agitation in such closed space is required to uniformly and promptly to distribute the temperature and/or the humidity thereof, or to activate the reactive fluid.
Apparatus for achieving such agitating includes a motive means, e.g. a motor or the like equipped outside of the closed space, and a rotating shaft attached to the motor, the shaft being provided with an agitating blade. The rotating shaft passes through a partition into the closed space and stirs the fluid therein by means of the agitating blade.
With such apparatus, a hole must be formed in the partition to enable the shaft to pass through, and a seal must be provided around the shaft. A mechanical seal, a labyrinth seal, an oil seal, a gland packing or the like are generally utilized for the sealing of such rotating shaft. As is well known, such shaft sealing devices are not able completely to prevent leakage of the fluid from the closed space. Where the inner pressure or the temperature of the closed space is very high, and/or where the shaft rotates at high speed, such sealing devices cannot retain 1~36~
their sealing ability. This lowers the reliability of the equipment using it. In fact, accidents occurred where lubricating oil, which has leaked from a double type mechanical seal into the inside of the closed space, was subjected to high temperature and ignited.
Thus, it was not generally possible to obtain satisfactory equipment in which Eluid required to be stirred was disposed in a closed space. There are many fields, e.g. a high temperature and pressure moisture curing vessel for light bubble concrete, where the use of an agitating fluid in the closed space is not practiced, notwithstanding the fact that agitation of such fluid would be clearly effective and advantageous.
If a fluid agitator could be provided which substantially agitated the fluid under high temperature and high pressure conditions in a closed space without accidents, e.g. without leakage and/or ignition, it would be applicable for many fields of industry.
Accordingly it is an object of one aspect of this invention to provide a fluid agitator which does not utilize a rotating shaft passing through a partition of a closed space within which the fluid to be agitated is disposed.
It is an object of another aspect of this invention to provide a fluid agitator which can agitate the interior of a closed space with high reliability under condition of high temperature, high pressure and/or high humidity.
1~6~;58 It is an object of a further aspect of this invention to provide a fluid agitator which can agitate fluid in a closed spacQ at high speeds without significant leakage of the fluid out of the closed space.
~ y one broad aspect of this invention, a fluid agitator for agitating liquid, gas or the like in the closed space, is provided, comprising a motor including a stator coil sealed in a sealing chamber, an agitation blade connected to the driving shaft of the motor, and a bearing which has resistance to high temperature and/or high humidity supporting the driving shaft.
In one embodiment thereof, the sealing box may be provided with a cooling device to cool the inside thereof. In another embodiment thereof, the motor preferably comprises: a stator having an almost-square, ring shape with open edges; a stator coil wound around the stator and sealed by the sealing vessel; and an armature placed between the open edges of the stator.
With such construction, according to one embodiment of the invention, the motor safely enables agitation without problems in a high temperature, and/or high pressure, and/or high humidity atmosphere of the closed space since the stator coil having slight resistance to high temperature, and/or high pressure, and/or high humidity is set and sealed in the sealing chamber.
Consequently, the interior of the closed space can be reliably stirred without the need for the passing o~ a rotating shaft through a partition of the closed space.
By another broad aspec-t of this invention, a fluid agitator is provided including a turbine chamber which is installed in a closed space. A turbine blade i3 set :in the turbine chamber. A
fluid supply is provided including means to introduce the fluid into the -turbine chamber for driving and rotating the turbine blade. The fluid which has driven the turbine blade may be exhausted into the outside of the closed space by an appropriate discharging device, or may be leaked into the closed space, such leakage does not give rise to other problerns. The turbine blade is connected -to a transmission which transmits the rotation of the turbine blade to the outside of the turbine room. The agitation blade is connected to th0 transmission outside of the turbine chamber.
~lthough it is not required for the turbine chamber to be perfectly sealed, and even though some leakage may be allowed to the extent of the limit of the present art, it is preEerred to minimize the leakage o the fluid into the turbine chamber or the leakage oE the fluid for driving the turbine into the closed space.
It is preferred that the agitating blade be connected to a driving shaft, and that the driving shaft be supported by a bearing having resi tance against high temperature and/or high humidity. The agitating blade is connected to such driving shaft.
i5~3 Furthermore, it is preEerred tha-t the bearing for the driving shaft include a first ball ~hich i3 adap-ted to be in sliding contact with an end face of the driving shaft, and at least one secon~ ball which is adapted to be in rolling contact ~ith the firs-t ball.
Gas, air, inert gases, e.g. ~17, ~r, or the like, liquid or steam can be employed as the fluid for driving the turbine blade.
Though a designat0d fluid may be supplied for driving the turbine blade the fluid, gas or steam for pressurizing and/or 10 heatin~ the inside of the closed space may b0 u-tilized as such driving fluid. Th0 pressure oE such gas or steam is reduced to the prescribed value through a reducing valve for such driving use. When such gas or s-team is used as the driving fluid, such fluids may be introduced directly from the source without passing through a reducing valve into the turbine chamber to drive the turbine blade. The gas or steam which has been used Eor driving the turbine may be leaked into the closed space to pressurize or heat the inside thereof, or it may be exhausted out of the system to heat or pressurize other equipment. The application of such 20 gas or steam for driving effectively reduces the operating cost of the turbine system.
Such embodiment of the present invention provides efEective agitation of the fluid in the closed space by introducing the fluid for driving into the turbine room from the outside~ The fluid rotat0s the turbine blade and the rotation is transmitted ~6~
by the -transmission. to -the agitation blade which stirs the fluid in the closed space.
In the accompanying drawings, FIG. 1 i.5 an ~levational view in --;ection showing one embodiment of the Eluid agitator oE an asp~ct of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan vie~ of the embocliment o:E FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 ancl FIG 4 are plan views showing an arrangement of balls in a b~a.riny;
F'IG. 5 is an enlarged section view showing ano-ther embodiment of the bearing;
FIG. 6 is an elevational view in sec-tion showing another embodiment oE the agitator of another aspect of this invention;
and FIG. 7 is an enlarged saction view showing the bearing part of the embodiment of FIG. 6.
Refer:ring to the attached drawings, (X) indica-tes a closed space, e.g. a chamber, a Eurnace or the lilce. (A) indicates a fluid agitator of an embodiment of this invention in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. In FIG. 2, tha closed space (X) is omitted fo.r clarity.
Though the closed .space (X) is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, as a ractangular parallelepiped, it may be of any shapa; for exampls it may be a ring shape.
The agitator (A) consists of a motor 1, an agit~ting blade 2, and a bearing 3. A stator coil 11 o~ the motor 1 is placed in a closed space (X~. In this embodiment, the stator coil 11 is 5~3 set and sealed in a sealing chamber 13 made of stainless steel which protects the sta-tor coil 11 from atmo3pheres of high temperature, and/or high pressurs and/or high humidi-ty in the clo~ed space (X). The sta-tor coil 11 and sealing chamber 13 hav~
the shape oE a rectangular ring ha~ing a hole in -the center, through which a stator 10 passes. The stator 10 has a shape of an almost-square ring with an open edge, whose end faces facing each other are each formed in Q semi-circle. An arma-ture 12 is installed between the end faces.
With such construction, the stator coil 11 is protec-ted by the sealing chamber 13, which does not magnetically affect the motor 1 because the sealing chamber 13 is not in-terposed between the stator 10 and the armature 12.
The sealing bo~ 13 may be cooled according to demand. In the embodiment shown, the sealing bo~ 13 is provided with two co~munication pipes 16a and 16b which extend outwardly through the partition of the closed space (X). The holes in the partition through which the communication pipes 16a, 16b pass are sealed by O-rings 19, 19 or other equivalent sealing means. The communication pipe 16a is connected to a source of cooling gas (not illustrated), and carries the gas to the sealing box 13 for cooling the stator coil 11. The communication pipe 16b is for the purpose of exhausting the cooling gas. The communication pipe 16b may be open to the air or may b~ connected to a suction pump (not illustrated) or the like~ The communication pipes 16a, 16b also serve as the extending pipes for a cord 17 of the stator ~X~665B
coil 11, from which the cord 17 projecl:s through a seal 18. The sealing box 13 may be provided with a covering jacket or the like over the outside, and may be cooled by a cooling gas introduced therebetween. Man~ other embodiments i-or cooling the sealing box 13 can be employed within the scope of this invention.
The armature 12 is provided with eL vertically-extending driving sha~t 14 which is supported by bearings 3, 3 at the top and bottom ends -thereo~. An agitating blade 2 i~ ~ixed to the upper part of the driving shaft 14. The agitating blade 2 is made o-~ any metallic material which is resistant to high temperature and/or high humidity. The bearings 3 consist of supports 7, 7 which have a semi-spherical shape and include balls 8 th0rein. The supports 7 have holes therein which hold a plurality o balls 8 which rotatably support the end of the driving shaft 14 disposed therein. The upper support 7 is held in a supporting box 4 by spring 5 which absorbs the vertical movement oE the driving sha~t 14. The supporting box 4 includes a foot 6 having a crank shape which supports the supporting box 4 on the stator 10.
In this embodiment, the bearing 3 has the inventi~e construction which is resistant to high temperature and/or high speed rotation without an oil-supply. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the support 7 holds a plurality of balls 8. A second ball 8' is disposed in rotatable contact with each of ball ~. The ball 8' is placed in a cone-shaped groove 9 formed on an end face of the driving sha~t 14. Thç driving shaft 14 is supported by the ball ~6~i5~
8' which is in rolling contact with groove 9. A material which does not require lubricating oil and which has high wear and corrosion resistance is preferably utilized for the support , and balls 8,8'. For e~ample, carbon, SiC, cemented carbide, sapphire, ceramics or the like may be utilized. The material mav be selected depending on the characteristic and the temperature of the fluid to be stirred. The number of the balls 8,8' and/or of the packing of the balls 8,8' are optional. For example, Fig.
5 shows the embodiment where the driving shaft 14 has a pair of supports 7, one at each upper and lower end thereof and the balls 8 are packed in three steps, that is, the balls 8 are placed in each oE the supports 7 and the ball 8' is placed between the pair of supports 7 and in rolling contact with balls 8.
The inventive bearing having the construction mentioned above does not need an oil supply and is wear-resistant because the amount oE rolling contact of the balls is less than that of the conventional pivo-t bearing. Consequently a high PV value is obtained with such bearing in a high temperature atmosphere or liquid, and the driving shaft 14 can be resistant to high speed rotation.
The material of the driving shaft 14, of the armature 12 and of the stator 10 may be selected depending on the atmosphere in the closed space (X). 15 indicates the shading coil in Fig. 1 and 2.
In such construction, since the stator coil 11 which is least resistant to high temperature, and/or high pressure and/or 1~36~
high humidity is set and sealed in the sealing box 13, the motor 1 may provide rotation without problems in such atmosphere of high temperature, and/or high pressure, and/or high humidity and makes the agitating blade 2 effectively agitate the fluid in the closed space (~). When cooling of the sealing box 13 is carried out, the heat resistance is further increased. Moreover, since the sealing box 13 does not interfere with the magnetic field between the stator 10 and the armature 12, and does not magnetically affect them, the power of the motor 1 i5 the same as that of an ordinary motor. The bearing which is resistant to high temperature, and/or high pressure and/or humidity without an oil supply bears the driving shaft 14 so that the driving shaft 14 can rotate without problems and maintains substantial stirring by the agitating blade 2.
Referring now to Figs. 6 and 7, another embodiment of the invention is shown. In Fig. 6, a fluid agitator (~) of one aspect of this invention is installed in the closed space (X) which is provided with the fluid to be stirred. The agitator (B) is cylindrical in shape, whose under part is a turbine chamber 21. The upper part constitutes a space for the agitation blade 25 to rotate therein.
A turbine blade 22 is furnished in a turbine chamber 21 so as to rotate horizontally therein by means of driving fluid for driving the turbine blade 22 supplied from an injection nozzle 30 having a small bore. The injection nozzle 30 is set into the 6~i58 inner side-wall of the turbine chamber 21 and is connected with a introduction pipe 32 through a conduit hole 31 which passes through the bottom of the turbine chamber 21. The introduction pipe 32 extends out of the closed space (X) passing through the wall of the closed space (X), and is connected with a fluid source (not shown) through a control valve 33 and a condenser, pump, blower or the like 34. The control valve 33 is controlled by a pressure controller 27 to be described hereinafter. The injection nozzle 30, the conduit hole 31, the introduction pipe 32, the control valve 33, the condenser, pump, blower or the like 34, and the fluid source constitute a fluid supply device 23.
In this embodiment, the fluid, which has driven the turbine blade 22, is exhausted out of the turbine chamber 21 to the outside of the closed space (X). A discharge hole 35 is formed in the bottom of the turbine chamber 21, which is connected to a discharge pipe 36 which passes through the wall of the closed space (X) and extends outside of it. The discharge pipe 36 is provided with a control valve 37 which is also controlled by the pressure controller 27. The fluid which has driven the turbine blade 22 is exhausted through the discharge hole 35, the discharge pipe 36 and the control valve 37. It is easy completely to seal the part of the closed space (X) where the introduction pipe 32, the discharge pipe 36 pass through, and to prevent fluid leakage from the closed space (X) because the introduction pipe 32, and the discharge pipe 36 are not rotatable, but in the other hand, are stationary.
~6~S~
The -turbine blade 22 is secured vertically on the driving shaft 2~ which is set in the turbine chamher 21 and is supported by bearings 26,26 at each upper and lower end thereof. The top and bottom of the turbine chamber 21 where the driving shaft 24 passes through is provided w:ith a b0ari:ng and shaft seal 40,40 to improve the sealing perEormance of the turbine chamber 21. Many embodiments rrlay be employed as the beariny and shaft seal 40; for example, a labyrinth seal with a bushing is utilized in Fig. 6 The ~aterial oE the bearing and shaft seal 40 is preferably a solid-lubricant, e.g. carbon, ceramics or the like, where it is 10 used in th0 high temperature of the closed space (X).
The agitation blade 25 is set at the upper end of tha driving shaft 24. The driving shaft 24 transmits the rotation of the turbine blade 22 to the agitation blade 25. The driving shaft 24 is the means in this embodiment to transmit the rotation of the turbine blade 22. The agitation blade 25 rotates horizontally in rotation space 50 of the agitator (B). The agitator (B) is provided wi-th an inlet 51, at one face -thereof for the introduction of the fluid to be agitated into the rotation space 50, and with an outlet 52 at the upp0r part of 20 side wall. The rotation of the turbine blade 22 induces flow of the fluid in direction of the arrows in Fig. 6. The flow serves to stir the fluid in the closed space (X). The setting position, scale, number, and the like, of the outlet 51 and/or the outlet 52 may be determined depending on the position of the agitator 12866~
(~) in the closed space (X) and/or the amount of flow required substantially to agitate the fluid.
The material of the turbine blade 22, the bearing and shaft seal 40 or other elements may be select:ed at will. In the embodiment shown, carbon material is ut:ilized so as to make the turbine blade 22 light and the bearing and shaft seal 40 into an oil-less bearing. Other materials, for example, organic materials, inorganic materials, metals, or complex materials made thereof, can be utilized if such material is light ~nd can be lubricated without oil.
When the fluid to be stirred is a liquid, it is preferred to use gas as the fluid for driving the turbine blade 22 and to provide no discharge hole and pipe in the turbine chamber 21.
With such construction, the gas to drive the turbine blade 22 leaks from the bearing and shaft seal 40 into the sealed space (X) and forms a bubble in the liquid and aids in agitation of the liquid.
The introduction pipe 32 and the discharge pipe 36 each have a pressure gauge 70 and 71 (respectively) which measure the pressures P1,P2 thereof. A pressure gauge 72 to measure pressure P3 is set in the sealed space (X). The pressure valves P1, P2, and P3 input to a r~ressure controller 27 which controls the control valves 33,37 so as to make the following pressure condition: P1 = P2 + ~ P. Though ~ P may be determined depending on the required speed of rotation of the turbine blade 22, a P is usually set at several atm. The pressure controller ~36~58 27 also controls P2 to be almost equal to P3 in order to prevent the fluid which is to be stirred from leaking into the turbine chamber 21 through the bearing and shaft seal 40 or to prevent the fluid which is used to drive the turbine blade 22 from invading into the sealed space (X).
Referring now to Fig. 7, a bearing is shown which has also the inventive construction which is resistant to high temperature and/or high speeds of rotation without oil supply. In the same manner as the construction shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the supports 60,60 hold a plurality of balls 61' in rotational contact with balls 61 in a well therein. The ball 61' is placed in cone-shaped groove 41, which is formed on each end face of the driving shaft 24. The ball 61' supports the driving shaft 24 in sliding contact with the groove 41. A material which does not require lubricating oil and which has high wear and corrosion resistance is preferably utilized for the support 60 and/or for the ball 61.
Examples of such material include carbon, SiC, cemented carbide, sapphire, ceramics or the like. The material may be selected depending on the characteristics and the temperature of the fluid to be stirred. The number of balls 61,61' and/or the stacking of balls 61,61' are also optional. In the same manner shown in Fig.
5, such construction may be characterized by the driving shaft 24 having a pair of the supports 60 and having the balls stacked in three steps; that is the balls 61 are placed in each support 60 and the ball 61' is disposed between the end of the driving shaft 24 and the pair of balls 61 in the support 60.
1~86G58 The lower support 60 is vertically movable and is supported by the spring 62 in order to absorb such movement as caused by the heat of expansion of the driving shaft 24.
The inventive bearing having the construction mentioned above does not need any oil supply and is wear-resistance because the amount of sliding of the ball 61 is less than that of the conventional pivot bearing. Consequently a high PV value is obtained with such bearing in a high temperature atmosphere, and the driving shaft 24 can be resistant to high speed rotation.
In such construction, the turbine blade 22 rotates by supplying the fluid, e.g. air, from the fluid supply 23, and simultaneously rotates the agitation blade 25, which induces stirring flow of the fluid i~ the closed space. There is no significantleakage of the fluid out of the closed space, because such construction includes no rotating shaft passing through the partition of the closed space (X).
Claims (10)
1. A fluid agitator installed in a closed space holding fluid to be stirred, comprising:
a motor having a driving shaft where only the stator coil thereof is sealed in a sealing chamber;
an agitation blade connected to said driving shaft; and a bearing having resistance to high temperature and/or high humidity supporting said driving shaft.
a motor having a driving shaft where only the stator coil thereof is sealed in a sealing chamber;
an agitation blade connected to said driving shaft; and a bearing having resistance to high temperature and/or high humidity supporting said driving shaft.
2. A fluid agitator installed in a closed space holding fluid to be stirred, comprising:
a motor having a driving shaft where only a stator coil thereof is sealed in a sealing chamber;
an agitating blade connected to said driving shaft;
a bearing having high temperature and/or high humidity resistance supporting said driving shaft; and means for cooling said sealing chamber.
a motor having a driving shaft where only a stator coil thereof is sealed in a sealing chamber;
an agitating blade connected to said driving shaft;
a bearing having high temperature and/or high humidity resistance supporting said driving shaft; and means for cooling said sealing chamber.
3. A fluid agitator as claimed in claims 1 or 2, wherein said motor comprises:
a stator having an almost-square ring shape having open edges;
a stator coil wound around said stator and sealed by said sealing chamber; and an armature placed between the open edges of said stator.
a stator having an almost-square ring shape having open edges;
a stator coil wound around said stator and sealed by said sealing chamber; and an armature placed between the open edges of said stator.
4. A fluid agitator as claimed in claim 1 wherein said bearing for said driving shaft includes at least one first ball which is adapted to be in sliding contact with an end face of said driving shaft, and at least one second ball which is adapted to be in rolling contact with said first ball.
5. A fluid agitator as claimed in claim 2 wherein said bearing for said driving shaft includes at least one first ball which is adapted to be in sliding contact with an end face of said driving shaft, and at least one second ball which is adapted to be in rolling contact with said first ball.
6. A fluid agitator as claimed in claim 4, wherein said turbine blade is connected to a driving shaft, said driving shaft being supported by a bearing having resistance against high temperature and/or high humidity; and wherein said agitating blade is connected to said driving shaft.
7. A fluid agitator as claimed in claim 5, wherein said turbine blade is connected to a driving shaft, said driving shaft being supported by a bearing having resistance against high temperature and/or high humidity; and wherein said agitating blade is connected to said driving shaft.
8. A fluid agitator installed in a closed space holding fluid to be stirred, comprising:
a turbine chamber provided in said closed space;
a turbine blade set in said turbine chamber;
means for introducing driving fluid from a fluid supply into said turbine chamber from outside said closed space, for driving and rotating said turbine blade;
means for transmitting the rotation of said turbine blade to the outside of said turbine chamber; and an agitating blade connected to said transmitting means outside of said turbine chamber for agitating said fluid.
a turbine chamber provided in said closed space;
a turbine blade set in said turbine chamber;
means for introducing driving fluid from a fluid supply into said turbine chamber from outside said closed space, for driving and rotating said turbine blade;
means for transmitting the rotation of said turbine blade to the outside of said turbine chamber; and an agitating blade connected to said transmitting means outside of said turbine chamber for agitating said fluid.
9. A fluid agitator as claimed in claims 4 or 5 wherein said bearing for said driving shaft includes at least one first ball which is adapted to be in sliding contact with an end face of said driving shaft, and at least one second ball which is adapted to be in rolling contact with said first ball.
10. A fluid agitator as claimed in claims 6, 7 or 8 wherein said bearing for said driving shaft includes at least one first ball which is adapted to be in sliding contact with an end face of said driving shaft, and at least one second ball which is adapted to be in rolling contact with said first ball.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60/292292 | 1985-12-26 | ||
| JP60292292A JPS62152526A (en) | 1985-12-26 | 1985-12-26 | Fluid stirring apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1286658C true CA1286658C (en) | 1991-07-23 |
Family
ID=17779865
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000522507A Expired - Fee Related CA1286658C (en) | 1985-12-26 | 1986-11-07 | Fluid agitator |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62152526A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1286658C (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112546988A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-03-26 | 中昊晨光化工研究院有限公司 | Reaction device for solid phase surface fluorination |
-
1985
- 1985-12-26 JP JP60292292A patent/JPS62152526A/en active Granted
-
1986
- 1986-11-07 CA CA000522507A patent/CA1286658C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0142734B2 (en) | 1989-09-14 |
| JPS62152526A (en) | 1987-07-07 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKLA | Lapsed |