CA1280955C - Vehicle tire intended to be fitted with spikes - Google Patents
Vehicle tire intended to be fitted with spikesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1280955C CA1280955C CA000551408A CA551408A CA1280955C CA 1280955 C CA1280955 C CA 1280955C CA 000551408 A CA000551408 A CA 000551408A CA 551408 A CA551408 A CA 551408A CA 1280955 C CA1280955 C CA 1280955C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tire
- spike
- combination
- region
- fitted
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- Tires In General (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present invention provides a vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes. The tire has asymmetric or inhomogeneous regions which are adapted to produce a force component turning the fixed spike, or the sleeve mounted spike so that the fixed, spike or the sleeve-mounted spike is arranged at first contact with the road surface to meet the road surface substantially in a perpendicular position.
The present invention provides a vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes. The tire has asymmetric or inhomogeneous regions which are adapted to produce a force component turning the fixed spike, or the sleeve mounted spike so that the fixed, spike or the sleeve-mounted spike is arranged at first contact with the road surface to meet the road surface substantially in a perpendicular position.
Description
~ 3 The present inven-tion relates to a vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes.
Increasing traffic load and spike tires in combination have proved to be a remarkable road attrition factor. In some countries this has even led to prohibition of spike tires, or at least to considerable restrictions. In Nordic conditions, the beneficial effect of an anti-slip msans on the safety and flexi-bility of traffic has, however, been lrrefutably demonstrated, and this effect should not be sacrificed; instead, the associated drawbacks should be eliminated. Good results will be achieved by further developing both the road superstructures and the anti-slip tires.
S ~s a pneumatic automoblle tire rolls on ~n even sur-face, it is considerably flattened radially, owing to its flexi-bility, whereby in the contact region longitudinal as well as transverse forces are generated owing to changes of the rolling radius. The longitudinal forces acting on the spike when the ~0 tire is rolling arè due to bending of the body structure, to lon-gitudinal slipping and to the stress wave building up in the rub-ber. When a spike approaches the point of contact with the road, the tire body undergoes bending such that the radius of the bent part is significantly smaller than that of equivalent parts of ~5 the load-free tire. ThiS deflects the spike, which has been mounted at right angles against the surface, to assume a vertical position before contact with the road. owing to the protrusion of the spike point, however, the spike is not turned sufflciently and it meets the road surface in an oblique position. At this stage, the forces due to slipping tendency also begin to exert their influence. Traditionally, the shape of the spike has been symmetrical and it has been mounted in a hole, perpendicular to the wear surface of the tire, whereby it meets the road in a slightly oblique position, as described above. The oblique con-3s tact of the spike with the road, as well as its being pusheddeeper into the tire in oblique position during the initial part of road contact, cause damage -to the rubber and to the spike which impairs the friction properties of the spike, detracts from the durability of the spike and increases its road attrition properties.
The present invention provides an improvement in currently known vehicle tires to be fitted with spikes. More specifically the invention provides a vehicle tire to be fitted wlth spikes which may be fitted with fixed spikes, or with sleeve-mounted spikes, and in which the drawbacks in the designs of prior art have been avoided.
According to the invention there is provided a vehicle tire fitted with at least one spike, said tire comprising at least one asymmetric or non homogeneous reglon disposed in said tire to generate a force component turning the spike fitted in the tire to meet a road surface in substantially perpendicular position at initial contact with the road surface, upon rotation of said tire.
In one embodiment of the present invention the rubber of the tire is asymmetrically shaped. Suitably the asymmetric shaping is accomplished by providing eminences on the wear surface of the tire. Alternatively the asymmetric shaping is accomplished by forming indented pattern elements on the wear surface of the tire. Again the asymmetri~ shaping is accomplished by forming substantial knob-like configurations on the wear surface of the ~5 tire. Often again the asymmetric shaping is accomplished by forming on the wear surface of the tire shaped portions running substantially in the longitudinal direction of the wear surface.
In another embodiment of the present invention the properties of the rubber of the tire have been changed by treating the rubber of the'tire. Suitably khe rubber of the kire has ~`
a~ .
been hardened in the region on one side of the sleeve-mounted spike, or the fixed spike by heat, radiation or chemicals.
Desirably in a hole for the sleeve-mounted spike, or for the fixed spike, a region harder than the rest o~ the rubber material has been produced. Preferably half of the wear surface of the tire which is on one side of the sleeve-mounted spike or of the fixed spike has been hardened over the entire region for direct-ing a pressure effect on the sleeve-mounted spike or on the fixed spike. Suitably inside wear sur~ace of the rubber of the tire bodies of a material other than the rubber are disposed, these being arranged to transmit the impact from the road contact to the sleeve-mounted spike or to the fixed spike. Alternatively inside the wear surface of the rubber of the tire bodies are dis-posed which have been arranged to generate around themselves a stress field in the rubber, said field being arranged to meet a stress field produced at installation of the sleeve-mounted spike o~ the fixed spike. Suitably the asymmetric or inhomogeneous region of the tire is at the same time disposed to produce a force component lifting the fixed spike, or the sleeve mounted spike, whereby the velocity at which the spike and the road meet, resulting ~rom the rotation of the tire, is simultaneously arranged to be substantially reduced..
The invention is described more in detail by referring to some advantageous embodiments of the invention, presented in the Figures o~ the accompanying drawing, in which:-In Fig. 1 is schematically presented the force compo-nent turning the spike, the force component lifting the spike and the resultant of the road contact force;
Fig. 2 presents an advantageous embodiment of the veh-icle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention, in schematic sectional pro;ection;
Fig.s 3a and 3b present another advantageous embodiment \ - 3 -~z~
of the vehicle tire -to be fitted with spikes of the invention, in schematic sectional projection and in elevational view, Fig. 4 presents a third advantageous embodiment of the vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention, viewed from the direction of the plane of the wear surface;
Fig. 5 presents a fourth advantageous embodiment of the vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention, viewed from the direction of the plane of the wear surface;
Fig. 6 presents a fifth advantageous embodiment of the vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention, in schematic sectional pro;ection;
Fig. 7 presents a sixth advantageous embodiment of the vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention, in schematic sectional projection;
Fig. 8 presents a seventh advantageous embodiment of the vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention, in schematic sectional projection; and Fig. 9 presents an eighth advantageous embodiment of the vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention, in schematic sectional projection.
~s illustrated in Fig. 1, in a static situation and at low speeds, the pressure effect originating in the contact angle K of the rubber is uniform and its resultant Ro is very close to vertical. The rear margin of khe rubber piece 12 bulges out rearwardly and the contact surface, forwardly against the road.
As the speed increases, the pressure resultant turns forward in the direction Rl, and the pressure pattern becomes more pro-nouncedly oval. The pressure resultant is also turned forwardbecause in the region D the pressure in the rubber is lower since :
~2~
non-compressive force is present there. Owing to rotation of the tire 10 and co~pression of the rubber 11, the pressure resultant also moves forward to the point R2, encountering the flange 22 of the spike 20, and imparts to it an upward acceleration, with the component Fl, at the same time turning it from the position as installed to a position more nearly perpendicular against the road surface 13, with the component F2. The spike 20 is able to turn since there is no compression on the front side thereof. By the mode of installing the spike 20, and by its shape, the uti-li2ation of the forces mentioned can be influenced. In Flg. 1,for spike 20 is used a fixed spike 20, its tip being indicated by reference numeral 23.
In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention in general is lndicated by reference numeral 10. The tire rubber is indicated by reference numeral 11 and the wear surface, by reference numeral 12. The road surface is indicated by reference numeral 13. In this embodiment a sleeve-mounted spike, in general indicated by refer-ence numeral 15, has been installed in the tire 11. The sleeve-mounted spike 15 comprises the rivet 16, the rivet head 17, the tip 18 and the sleeve 19.
As taught by the basic idea of the invention, in this ~S embodiment eminences 14 have been provided on the wear surface 12 of the tire 10. Only one such eminence 14 has been depicted in Fig. 2, but it is understood that the entire wear surface 12 of the tire is provided with similar eminences 14, the wear surface of every sleeve-mounted spike 15 being similar in kind.
:- .
., ' ~ , ~' In the embodiment depicted in Figs 3a and 3b, the wear surface 1 has been shaped to be an indented pattern element 14a In this embodiment, fixed spikes 20 are used, comprising a body part 21, a ~lange 22 and a tip 23. The other reference numerals are equivalent to those in Fig. 2.
In the embodiment ~ Fig. 4~ the wear surface 1~ is shaped to present knob patterns~ 14b.
In the embodiment of Fig. 53 the wear surfàce 12 comprises longi-tudinal configurations 14c.
In the embodiment of Pig. 65 the rubber 11 is hardened in the region indicated by reference numeral 14d, with the aid of heat, radiation~ chemicals, ~etc., ~o that a re~iDn 14d, harder than the rest of the rubber material~ leads from the contact angle of the pattern element 12 to the hole of the sleeve-mounted spike lS, or naturally similarly to the hole of a fixed spike 20, and which by mediation of the impact from the road surface 13 delivers, immedi-ately befGre the moment of road contact3 a turning and lifting force component tD the sleeve-mounted spike 15~ respectively to the fixed spike 20. Said hardening may be accomplished in the manufacturing step of the tyre 10 or th~reafter, or not until in conjunction with spike installation5 e.g. by age-hardening the rubber material 11 wi~h a rotatiny drill and by injecting curable vulcani~ing material into the hole.
The embodiment of Fig. 7 is the same as that af Fig. ~ in other respects~ except that in the embodiment of Fig~ 7 one entire half of the pattern element 12~ that i5~ the re~ion 14e, has b~en hardened in order to praduce a pressure effect, ani a fixed spike 20 is used~
In the embcdiment of Fig. 8, the eff ect which tunns and lifts the sleeve mounted spike 15 is accomplished by placing a piece 14f o~
~ 2~
some material o-ther than rubber inside the pat-terned element 12 which is to be fitted with a spike, said piece being arranged to transmit the impact from the contact angle to the sleeve-mounted spike 15. It goes withou-t saylng -that a flxed splke 20 may equally be used instead of the sleeve-mounted spike 15. In the embodiment of Fig. 8, a substantially rod-shaped bo~y 14f, e.g.
of plastic ls inserted in the pattern element 12 whlch ls meant to receive a spike, by cementing or in another way, said body resting with one end against th~ sleeve 19 of the sleeve-mounted spike 15, respectlvely against the flange 22 of the fixed spike 20, or against the rubber region 11 substantially close thereto.
The other end of this rod-shaped body 14f is located in the con-tact angle of the pattern element 12. The deformation of the rubber 11 is transmitted with the aid of the rod-shaped body 14f, e.g. to the flange 22 of the fixed spike 20, thus turning the fixed spike 20 to vertical position and also lmparting to the fixed spike 20 before road contact an upward acceleration, which reduces the dynamic impact.
In the embodiment of Fig. 9, a body 14g has been lnstalled inside the pattern element 12, which produces around itself in the rubber 11 a stress field, indicated by C. Said stress field C meets the stress field, indicated by B, which was produced at installation of the sleeve-mounted spike 15, or of the fixed spike 20, and turns the fixed spike 20, or the sleeve-mounted spike 15, to a more upright position than that seen in the Figure. Such a stress field C also transmits the pressure resultant Ro~Rl producad at road contact of the pattern element 12 more rapidly, e.g. to the flange 22 of the fixed spike 20, 3~ whereby the force component, described above, turning and lifting the fixed spike 20, or the sleeve-mounted spike 15, is produced.
. ~ .
.
Increasing traffic load and spike tires in combination have proved to be a remarkable road attrition factor. In some countries this has even led to prohibition of spike tires, or at least to considerable restrictions. In Nordic conditions, the beneficial effect of an anti-slip msans on the safety and flexi-bility of traffic has, however, been lrrefutably demonstrated, and this effect should not be sacrificed; instead, the associated drawbacks should be eliminated. Good results will be achieved by further developing both the road superstructures and the anti-slip tires.
S ~s a pneumatic automoblle tire rolls on ~n even sur-face, it is considerably flattened radially, owing to its flexi-bility, whereby in the contact region longitudinal as well as transverse forces are generated owing to changes of the rolling radius. The longitudinal forces acting on the spike when the ~0 tire is rolling arè due to bending of the body structure, to lon-gitudinal slipping and to the stress wave building up in the rub-ber. When a spike approaches the point of contact with the road, the tire body undergoes bending such that the radius of the bent part is significantly smaller than that of equivalent parts of ~5 the load-free tire. ThiS deflects the spike, which has been mounted at right angles against the surface, to assume a vertical position before contact with the road. owing to the protrusion of the spike point, however, the spike is not turned sufflciently and it meets the road surface in an oblique position. At this stage, the forces due to slipping tendency also begin to exert their influence. Traditionally, the shape of the spike has been symmetrical and it has been mounted in a hole, perpendicular to the wear surface of the tire, whereby it meets the road in a slightly oblique position, as described above. The oblique con-3s tact of the spike with the road, as well as its being pusheddeeper into the tire in oblique position during the initial part of road contact, cause damage -to the rubber and to the spike which impairs the friction properties of the spike, detracts from the durability of the spike and increases its road attrition properties.
The present invention provides an improvement in currently known vehicle tires to be fitted with spikes. More specifically the invention provides a vehicle tire to be fitted wlth spikes which may be fitted with fixed spikes, or with sleeve-mounted spikes, and in which the drawbacks in the designs of prior art have been avoided.
According to the invention there is provided a vehicle tire fitted with at least one spike, said tire comprising at least one asymmetric or non homogeneous reglon disposed in said tire to generate a force component turning the spike fitted in the tire to meet a road surface in substantially perpendicular position at initial contact with the road surface, upon rotation of said tire.
In one embodiment of the present invention the rubber of the tire is asymmetrically shaped. Suitably the asymmetric shaping is accomplished by providing eminences on the wear surface of the tire. Alternatively the asymmetric shaping is accomplished by forming indented pattern elements on the wear surface of the tire. Again the asymmetri~ shaping is accomplished by forming substantial knob-like configurations on the wear surface of the ~5 tire. Often again the asymmetric shaping is accomplished by forming on the wear surface of the tire shaped portions running substantially in the longitudinal direction of the wear surface.
In another embodiment of the present invention the properties of the rubber of the tire have been changed by treating the rubber of the'tire. Suitably khe rubber of the kire has ~`
a~ .
been hardened in the region on one side of the sleeve-mounted spike, or the fixed spike by heat, radiation or chemicals.
Desirably in a hole for the sleeve-mounted spike, or for the fixed spike, a region harder than the rest o~ the rubber material has been produced. Preferably half of the wear surface of the tire which is on one side of the sleeve-mounted spike or of the fixed spike has been hardened over the entire region for direct-ing a pressure effect on the sleeve-mounted spike or on the fixed spike. Suitably inside wear sur~ace of the rubber of the tire bodies of a material other than the rubber are disposed, these being arranged to transmit the impact from the road contact to the sleeve-mounted spike or to the fixed spike. Alternatively inside the wear surface of the rubber of the tire bodies are dis-posed which have been arranged to generate around themselves a stress field in the rubber, said field being arranged to meet a stress field produced at installation of the sleeve-mounted spike o~ the fixed spike. Suitably the asymmetric or inhomogeneous region of the tire is at the same time disposed to produce a force component lifting the fixed spike, or the sleeve mounted spike, whereby the velocity at which the spike and the road meet, resulting ~rom the rotation of the tire, is simultaneously arranged to be substantially reduced..
The invention is described more in detail by referring to some advantageous embodiments of the invention, presented in the Figures o~ the accompanying drawing, in which:-In Fig. 1 is schematically presented the force compo-nent turning the spike, the force component lifting the spike and the resultant of the road contact force;
Fig. 2 presents an advantageous embodiment of the veh-icle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention, in schematic sectional pro;ection;
Fig.s 3a and 3b present another advantageous embodiment \ - 3 -~z~
of the vehicle tire -to be fitted with spikes of the invention, in schematic sectional projection and in elevational view, Fig. 4 presents a third advantageous embodiment of the vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention, viewed from the direction of the plane of the wear surface;
Fig. 5 presents a fourth advantageous embodiment of the vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention, viewed from the direction of the plane of the wear surface;
Fig. 6 presents a fifth advantageous embodiment of the vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention, in schematic sectional pro;ection;
Fig. 7 presents a sixth advantageous embodiment of the vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention, in schematic sectional projection;
Fig. 8 presents a seventh advantageous embodiment of the vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention, in schematic sectional projection; and Fig. 9 presents an eighth advantageous embodiment of the vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention, in schematic sectional projection.
~s illustrated in Fig. 1, in a static situation and at low speeds, the pressure effect originating in the contact angle K of the rubber is uniform and its resultant Ro is very close to vertical. The rear margin of khe rubber piece 12 bulges out rearwardly and the contact surface, forwardly against the road.
As the speed increases, the pressure resultant turns forward in the direction Rl, and the pressure pattern becomes more pro-nouncedly oval. The pressure resultant is also turned forwardbecause in the region D the pressure in the rubber is lower since :
~2~
non-compressive force is present there. Owing to rotation of the tire 10 and co~pression of the rubber 11, the pressure resultant also moves forward to the point R2, encountering the flange 22 of the spike 20, and imparts to it an upward acceleration, with the component Fl, at the same time turning it from the position as installed to a position more nearly perpendicular against the road surface 13, with the component F2. The spike 20 is able to turn since there is no compression on the front side thereof. By the mode of installing the spike 20, and by its shape, the uti-li2ation of the forces mentioned can be influenced. In Flg. 1,for spike 20 is used a fixed spike 20, its tip being indicated by reference numeral 23.
In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the vehicle tire to be fitted with spikes of the invention in general is lndicated by reference numeral 10. The tire rubber is indicated by reference numeral 11 and the wear surface, by reference numeral 12. The road surface is indicated by reference numeral 13. In this embodiment a sleeve-mounted spike, in general indicated by refer-ence numeral 15, has been installed in the tire 11. The sleeve-mounted spike 15 comprises the rivet 16, the rivet head 17, the tip 18 and the sleeve 19.
As taught by the basic idea of the invention, in this ~S embodiment eminences 14 have been provided on the wear surface 12 of the tire 10. Only one such eminence 14 has been depicted in Fig. 2, but it is understood that the entire wear surface 12 of the tire is provided with similar eminences 14, the wear surface of every sleeve-mounted spike 15 being similar in kind.
:- .
., ' ~ , ~' In the embodiment depicted in Figs 3a and 3b, the wear surface 1 has been shaped to be an indented pattern element 14a In this embodiment, fixed spikes 20 are used, comprising a body part 21, a ~lange 22 and a tip 23. The other reference numerals are equivalent to those in Fig. 2.
In the embodiment ~ Fig. 4~ the wear surface 1~ is shaped to present knob patterns~ 14b.
In the embodiment of Fig. 53 the wear surfàce 12 comprises longi-tudinal configurations 14c.
In the embodiment of Pig. 65 the rubber 11 is hardened in the region indicated by reference numeral 14d, with the aid of heat, radiation~ chemicals, ~etc., ~o that a re~iDn 14d, harder than the rest of the rubber material~ leads from the contact angle of the pattern element 12 to the hole of the sleeve-mounted spike lS, or naturally similarly to the hole of a fixed spike 20, and which by mediation of the impact from the road surface 13 delivers, immedi-ately befGre the moment of road contact3 a turning and lifting force component tD the sleeve-mounted spike 15~ respectively to the fixed spike 20. Said hardening may be accomplished in the manufacturing step of the tyre 10 or th~reafter, or not until in conjunction with spike installation5 e.g. by age-hardening the rubber material 11 wi~h a rotatiny drill and by injecting curable vulcani~ing material into the hole.
The embodiment of Fig. 7 is the same as that af Fig. ~ in other respects~ except that in the embodiment of Fig~ 7 one entire half of the pattern element 12~ that i5~ the re~ion 14e, has b~en hardened in order to praduce a pressure effect, ani a fixed spike 20 is used~
In the embcdiment of Fig. 8, the eff ect which tunns and lifts the sleeve mounted spike 15 is accomplished by placing a piece 14f o~
~ 2~
some material o-ther than rubber inside the pat-terned element 12 which is to be fitted with a spike, said piece being arranged to transmit the impact from the contact angle to the sleeve-mounted spike 15. It goes withou-t saylng -that a flxed splke 20 may equally be used instead of the sleeve-mounted spike 15. In the embodiment of Fig. 8, a substantially rod-shaped bo~y 14f, e.g.
of plastic ls inserted in the pattern element 12 whlch ls meant to receive a spike, by cementing or in another way, said body resting with one end against th~ sleeve 19 of the sleeve-mounted spike 15, respectlvely against the flange 22 of the fixed spike 20, or against the rubber region 11 substantially close thereto.
The other end of this rod-shaped body 14f is located in the con-tact angle of the pattern element 12. The deformation of the rubber 11 is transmitted with the aid of the rod-shaped body 14f, e.g. to the flange 22 of the fixed spike 20, thus turning the fixed spike 20 to vertical position and also lmparting to the fixed spike 20 before road contact an upward acceleration, which reduces the dynamic impact.
In the embodiment of Fig. 9, a body 14g has been lnstalled inside the pattern element 12, which produces around itself in the rubber 11 a stress field, indicated by C. Said stress field C meets the stress field, indicated by B, which was produced at installation of the sleeve-mounted spike 15, or of the fixed spike 20, and turns the fixed spike 20, or the sleeve-mounted spike 15, to a more upright position than that seen in the Figure. Such a stress field C also transmits the pressure resultant Ro~Rl producad at road contact of the pattern element 12 more rapidly, e.g. to the flange 22 of the fixed spike 20, 3~ whereby the force component, described above, turning and lifting the fixed spike 20, or the sleeve-mounted spike 15, is produced.
. ~ .
.
Claims (17)
1. A vehicle tire fitted with at least one spike, said tire comprising at least one asymmetric or non homogeneous region disposed in said tire to generate a force component turning the spike fitted in the tire to meet a road surface in substantially perpendicular position at initial contact with the road surface, upon rotation of said tire.
2. The combination of claim 1, wherein said region is positioned in said tire ahead of a location for receiving the spike, in a rotational direction of said tire.
3. The combination of claim 1, wherein said tire is arranged to be fitted with a plurality of spikes and comprises a plurality of said regions, each said region being situated in said tire to generate said force component turning a respective spike upon the rotation of said tire.
4. The combination of claim 1, wherein said region is provided by material of said tire being asymmetrically-shaped.
5. The combination of claim 1, wherein said region is also positioned in said tire to generate a force component lifting the spike upon the rotation of the tire, whereby velocity at which the spike and road surface meet resulting from the rotation of the tire, is substantially reduced.
6. The combination of claim 3, wherein said regions are constituted by eminences being provided on a wear surface of said tyre.
7. The combination of claim 3, wherein said regions are constituted by pattern elements provided on a wear surface of said tire.
8. The combination of claim 3, wherein said regions are constituted by knob configurations on a wear surface of said tire.
9. The combination of claim 3, wherein said regions are constituted by configurations or portions running substantially in a longitudinal direction over a wear surface of said tire.
10. The combination of claim 1, wherein said region is formed by treating tire material at a location of said region.
11. The combination of claim 10, wherein said tire material has been hardened in said region location.
12. The combination of claim 11, wherein said tire material has been hardened by applying at least one of heat, radiation, and chemicals.
13. The combination of claim 11, wherein said hardened region is arranged adjacent to a hole in the tire for receiving the spike.
14. The combination of claim 11, wherein about one-half of a wear surface of said tire of one side on a location for receiving the spike, has been hardened for directing a pressure effect upon the spike when situated at its receiving location and upon said tire rotation.
15. The combination of claim 10, wherein said region is constituted by material different from material forming said tire being situated inside said tire and arranged to transmit impact from said tire with the road surface to the spike when said tire is rotated.
16. The combination of claim 1, wherein said region is constituted by a body arranged in said tire to generate thereabout a stress field in material of said tire and which meets a stress field generated upon installation of the spike within said tire.
17. The combination of claim 1, wherein the at least one spike is arranged in the tire to protrude therefrom.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000551408A CA1280955C (en) | 1987-11-09 | 1987-11-09 | Vehicle tire intended to be fitted with spikes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000551408A CA1280955C (en) | 1987-11-09 | 1987-11-09 | Vehicle tire intended to be fitted with spikes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1280955C true CA1280955C (en) | 1991-03-05 |
Family
ID=4136816
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000551408A Expired - Fee Related CA1280955C (en) | 1987-11-09 | 1987-11-09 | Vehicle tire intended to be fitted with spikes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1280955C (en) |
-
1987
- 1987-11-09 CA CA000551408A patent/CA1280955C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |