CA1269921A - Liquefied gas vaporizer unit - Google Patents
Liquefied gas vaporizer unitInfo
- Publication number
- CA1269921A CA1269921A CA000508359A CA508359A CA1269921A CA 1269921 A CA1269921 A CA 1269921A CA 000508359 A CA000508359 A CA 000508359A CA 508359 A CA508359 A CA 508359A CA 1269921 A CA1269921 A CA 1269921A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- core
- temperature
- liquefied gas
- heating elements
- pressure vessel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006903 response to temperature Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 128
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 103
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJJWOSAXNHWBPR-HUBLWGQQSA-N 5-[(3as,4s,6ar)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]-n-(6-hydrazinyl-6-oxohexyl)pentanamide Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)NCCCCCC(=O)NN)SC[C@@H]21 IJJWOSAXNHWBPR-HUBLWGQQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102220480600 Dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial_R23A_mutation Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZMJBYMUCKBYSCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxycitric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)C(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O ZMJBYMUCKBYSCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031070 response to heat Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011273 tar residue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
- F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
- F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0119—Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/03—Orientation
- F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/018—Supporting feet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0338—Pressure regulators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0304—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using an electric heater
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
- F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0397—Localisation of heat exchange characterised by fins
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/03—Control means
- F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/735,824 US4645904A (en) | 1985-05-17 | 1985-05-17 | Liquefied gas vaporizer unit |
| US735,824 | 1985-05-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1269921A true CA1269921A (en) | 1990-06-05 |
Family
ID=24957334
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000508359A Expired - Lifetime CA1269921A (en) | 1985-05-17 | 1986-05-05 | Liquefied gas vaporizer unit |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4645904A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS61290300A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1269921A (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3717520A1 (de) * | 1987-05-25 | 1988-12-15 | Siemens Ag | Durchlaufentspanner fuer verfluessigte gase, insbesondere kohlendioxyd |
| US4914275A (en) * | 1988-11-08 | 1990-04-03 | Northern Indiana Public Service Company | Regasifier |
| ATE166146T1 (de) * | 1994-02-15 | 1998-05-15 | Tech Ueberwachungs Verein Oest | Verfahren zur gezielten druckbeaufschlagung eines flüssiggasbehälters |
| US5673562A (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-10-07 | L'air Liquide, S.A. | Bulk delivery of ultra-high purity gases at high flow rates |
| US6957013B2 (en) * | 2001-06-08 | 2005-10-18 | Algas-Sdi International Llc | Fluid heater |
| US6816669B2 (en) * | 2001-06-08 | 2004-11-09 | Algas-Sdi International Llc | Vaporizer with capacity control valve |
| US6614009B2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2003-09-02 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | High flow rate transportable UHP gas supply system |
| CA2445023C (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2013-02-19 | Peter R. Toth | Heater control |
| WO2006099710A1 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2006-09-28 | Toth Peter R | Heater control for a liquified propane tank |
| WO2007047792A2 (en) * | 2005-10-19 | 2007-04-26 | Conair Corporation | Cordless steam cleaner |
| US20070175412A1 (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2007-08-02 | Driftmeier Richard A | Method and apparatus for the vaporization of LPG utilizing infrared heat sources and heat exchangers |
| EP2131168A1 (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2009-12-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for detecting capacity changes in a fluid and turbine |
| US20110017720A1 (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2011-01-27 | Kao Hsung Tsung | Warming appratus for fuel gas cylinder |
| JP6130707B2 (ja) * | 2013-04-10 | 2017-05-17 | 矢崎エナジーシステム株式会社 | 液化ガス蒸発器 |
| CN105716225B (zh) * | 2014-12-22 | 2020-08-11 | 株式会社堀场Stec | 流体加热器、加热块和汽化系统 |
| CN107636263A (zh) * | 2015-05-08 | 2018-01-26 | 约翰·里佐普洛斯 | 汽化系统以及使用该汽化系统的方法 |
| CN107559590B (zh) * | 2017-10-30 | 2023-08-25 | 华电郑州机械设计研究院有限公司 | 天然气输配调压加热装置 |
| US20220341548A1 (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2022-10-27 | Algas-Sdi International, Llc | Vaporizor |
| WO2021144912A1 (ja) * | 2020-01-16 | 2021-07-22 | カグラベーパーテック株式会社 | 熱交換器 |
| CN116465123A (zh) | 2022-01-19 | 2023-07-21 | 开利公司 | 用于制冷系统的多层级油汽化器 |
| CN119755914B (zh) * | 2025-03-10 | 2025-05-02 | 安徽万瑞冷电科技有限公司 | 一种小型氢液化装置 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2166922A (en) * | 1937-01-11 | 1939-07-18 | Southern Steel Co | Liquefied gas dispensing system |
| US2348546A (en) * | 1942-01-13 | 1944-05-09 | Arthur J Kercher | Fuel gas dispensing apparatus and method |
| US3477644A (en) * | 1968-03-06 | 1969-11-11 | Little Inc A | Liquid fuel burner |
| US4255646A (en) * | 1978-03-03 | 1981-03-10 | Sam Dick Industries, Inc. | Electric liquefied petroleum gas vaporizer |
-
1985
- 1985-05-17 US US06/735,824 patent/US4645904A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1986
- 1986-05-05 CA CA000508359A patent/CA1269921A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-05-17 JP JP61113436A patent/JPS61290300A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61290300A (ja) | 1986-12-20 |
| JPH0438960B2 (enExample) | 1992-06-26 |
| US4645904A (en) | 1987-02-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |