CA1267886A - Tumbling apparatus - Google Patents
Tumbling apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- CA1267886A CA1267886A CA000497100A CA497100A CA1267886A CA 1267886 A CA1267886 A CA 1267886A CA 000497100 A CA000497100 A CA 000497100A CA 497100 A CA497100 A CA 497100A CA 1267886 A CA1267886 A CA 1267886A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- container
- center
- gravity
- vibratory
- vibration generator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D29/00—Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots
- B22D29/02—Vibratory apparatus specially designed for shaking out flasks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/06—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving oscillating or vibrating containers
- B24B31/062—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving oscillating or vibrating containers the workpieces travelling through the containers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jigging Conveyors (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract A vibratory material handling apparatus is provided for mixing of materials, cleaning, blending and/or shake-out of castings or the like. The machine comprises a horizontal container carried by a frame resiliently mounted on a foundation. A vibration gener-ator is carried by the container and produces a line of force along an axis which passes exteriorly of the container or intersects with the container but offset from the center of gravity of the container. The vibra-tion generator is adjustable on the container so that the direction of the line of vibratory force can be changed for changing the tumbling, mixing, cleaning, blending or shake-out characteristics of the machine. The relative movement between the inside of the container and the material in the container describes angles of attack with the container surface which movements are rotational about a center of rotation. A line from the center of rotation through the center of gravity of the container intersects the line of force from the vibration generator at a substantially right angle.
Description
~2~8~36 Case 59 Tumbling Apparatus Background of the In~ention Field of the Invention This in~ention relates to tumbling apparatus and, in particularl to impro~ed vibrating tumbling machines for mixing materials and for cleaning or ~hake-out of parts to be processed, such as castings, moldings or bulk material with~or without a working media.
The Problem and the Prior Art In many foundry operations, separation of ~and and scale from castings is required. Typically, the castings are initially tumbled to dislod~e foreign matter adhering to the castings. To assist this dislodgingt shot may be caused to impinge upon the castings as they are tumbled. An exemplary ~tructure through which dislodging of foreign matter according to the aboye can be accomplished is shown ~n U.S. Patent 3,793,780 to Musschoot.
In the Musschoot ~780 patentr a tipped, U-shaped hopper is provided and has independently operable, vibratory Lmparting mechanisms associated with each leg of the hopper. Operation of the vibratory imparting mechanism~is coordinated to move the casting towards a dead zone ~or tumbling an1 chot ~reating and , ~2fi7~
Case 59 away from the dead zone upon completion of the tumbling and treatiny operations to discharge the castings.
The principal difficulty with this type of equipment is that the vibration is not imparted continuously during the separating operation. Rather, the vibration imparting mechanisms are stopped and started, requiring monitoring and coordination. Aside from the above, the intermittent operation of the vibration imparting mechanisms result in possible excessive wear thereon.
Another drawback with the equipment in the prior art is that intermixing of the castings with the shot, the separated sand and the scale occurs. In some prior art, it is intended that sand and shot remain in the hopper with the castings as the castings are agitated `
and transported for discharge. The discharged castings ther~fore can retain some of the shot, sand and scale.
In the event that engine blocks or the like are cast, complete removal of sand, scale, shot and other ~oreign matter is absolutely essential. Thus, with the prior art structures, a subsequent cleaning operation would have to be performed in the cast parts.
It was ~ound sometime ago that an improved finish could be obtained on cast or molded parts by adding a vibratory motion-to the tumbling apparatus. In the early 1960's, I developed and patented under U.S.
Patent No. 3,157,004j an improved burnishing apparatus using a U-shaped tub mounted on trunnions. Vibratory force was applied directly to the U-shaped tub and passed through the center of gravity of the tub. When the tub was tilted about the trunnions, the vibratory force was used to discharge the media and parts from the tub.
~IL26'7~386 case 59 Although improved burnishing of the parts resulted from the above use of vibratory motion through the center of gravity of the tumbling apparatus, problems continued with the balance of the machine, with the wear S on bearings, ana with the time it took to obtain the finish.
The Invention The present invention is specifically directed to overcoming the above-enumera~ed problems in a novel and simple manner.
According to the invention, a hopper is vibrated to advance castings continuously in a path between inlet and outlet ends. Simultaneously, shot, sand, scale and other foreign matter are discharged from the hopper separately from the castings. A preliminary shake out of the castings takes place prior to the introduction of the castings into the hopper and a subsequent abrasive removal operation takes place separately upon the castings being discharged from the hopper. Shot can be propelled at the castings in the hopper to enhance dislodging of foreign makter therefrom.
Castings leaving the system are effectively cleaned of all foreign matter, i.e. shot, sand and/or scale.
According to the latest versions of the invention, a vibrating tumbling apparatus comprises a container, which may be a cylindrical drum, and a frame which are resiliently mounted on a foundation. A bracket on the container supports a vibration generator capable of producing linear vibratory motion. The arrangement is such that the container is vibrated along small segments of an arcuate or circular path centered at a point offset from ~he center of the container. The tumbling appara~us ~2678~36 will have a batch of material (which may be cas-tings with or without media) in the container. The apparatus may also be used to mix materials of different charac-teri.stics in a highly efficient manner. The material in the container is moved or conveyed and tumbled not only due to the coefficient of friction of the material with the surface of the container, but also due to the angle of attack between the material and the surface of the container at any given point because of the segmental circular path. A line from the center of rotation through the center of gravity of the machine intersects the linear line of force generated by the vibration generator at an angle of 90. The angle of attack between the material and the container can be varied to vary the rate or character of mixing, to vary the rate of cleaning, to vary the amount of lS tumbling, to vary the conveying and tumbling action between the material and the surface of the container and the like.
By way of example, the invention in one broad aspect pertains to vibratory apparatus comprising a container having a material supporting surface, means mounting the con-tainer for vibratory movement and a vibration gene.rator secu~ed to the container, the generator producing a vibratory force along a linear path extending on one side of the center of gravity of the container whereby each point on the material supporting surface will vibrate in paths lying on segments of circles having a common center at a point lying on a line normal to the linear path and passing through the center of gravity, the point being located on the other side of the center of gravity.
Ano-ther aspect of the invention pertains to a vibratory apparatus having a frame, resilient means mounting the frame on a foundation and a container having an inlet port at one end and an outlet port at the other end, the container being mounted on the frame with the axis of the container tilted from the inlet end toward the outlet end at an angle of a few degrees from the horizontal. A vibration generator is mounted on the container with the vibrational forces extending along an axis of the vibration generator, offset from the center of the container on one side of the center of gravi-ty thereof, to produce a center of rotation on the other side of the center of gravity to produce rotational forces acting perpendicular to radii drawn from the center of rotation to a point on the inside surface of the container whereby media and parts being tumbled in the container will be moved up the inside surface of the container settin~ up a path of tumbling r- ~
9L26781!36 ~ -~A-movement.
Another exemplary aspect of the invention comprehends vibratory apparatus comprising a generally horizontally arranged container defining an inside, curved material supporting surface and having a central axis and including mounting means for resiliently mounting the container rela-tive to a mounting surface and a vibration generator mounted on the container, the container having a center of gravity and having unconstrained movement relative to the mounting surface. Means is provided for directing the vibratory forces generated by the vibration generator along a linear path displaced from not only the central axis of the container but also from the center of gravity of the container, the linear path oE vibratory forces passing on the side of the center of gravity removed from the central axis to cause points on the curved material supporting surface of the container to rotate along segments`of circles.
Each of the segments of the circles has a center located at a position displaced from the central axis and from -the center of gravity on the other side of the central axis from the center of gravity so that the segments of the circles do not conform to the curvature of the curved material supporting surface.
Still further, the invention comprehends vibratory apparatus comprising a container having a central axis and a material supporting surface, mounting means for resiliently mounting the container for unconstrained vibratory movernent relative to a mounting surface and vibration generator means for generating vibratory forces along a linear path displaced from the central axis and from a center of gravity of the container on the side of the center of gravity spaced from the central axis. The vibration generator means is mounted on the container with the vlbratory forces vibrating each point on the material supporting surface along segments of circles, each segment having a center at a position spaced from the central axis and from the center of gravity on the side of the central axis spaced ~rom the center oE gravity.
The invention also comprehends the method of operating vibratory apparatus comprising a container with a center of gravity and having a material supporting surface, means mounting the container for vibratory movement and a vibration generator secured to the container, the method comprising the s~ep of generating a vibratory force along a linear path extending on one side of the center of gravi-ty oE
the container whereby each point on the material supporting !~9 ~2671~
surface will vibrate in paths lying on segments of circles having a common center at a point lying on a line normal to the linear path and passing through the center of gravity, the point being located on the other side of the center of gravity.
Still further, the invention comprehends a method of vibration handling materials wherein the apparatus includes a container having a central axis, a material supporting surface and vibration generator means mounted on the container, the container being resiliently mounted for unconstrained vibratory movement r-elative to a mounting surface. The improvement in the method comprises the step of generating vibratory forces by the vibrator generating means along a linear path displaced from the central axis and from a center of gravity of the container on the side of the center of gravity spaced from the central axis wherein the vibratory forces vibrate each point on the material supporting surface along segements of circles, each segment having a center at a position spaced from the central a~is and from the center of gravity on the side of -the central axis spaced from the center of gravity.
Preferred forms of the invention are shown in -the accompanying drawings.
Description of the Drawings E'igure L is a plan view showing schernatically an overall system for separating foreign matter from castings with the present invention incorporated;
Figure 2 is a side elevation view of a continuous hopper section in the system of Fig. l;
Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the hopper taken along line 2 - 2 of Fig. l;
Figure 4 is an end view of one preferred form of a vibratory tumbling machine with some parts shown in cross-section and some parts shown in phantom, ;-''' ~
~L%~i7~3~36 Case 59 Figure 5 is an elevation view of the machine of Figure 4 as viewed from the right in Figure 4;
Figure 6 is a view like Fig. 4 but with a difference in the line of application of the ~ibratory force.
Figure 7 is a view of one form of deck for mounting the vibration generator of Figure 4 showing alternate positions of the deck:
Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 6 showing a modified form of the invention;
Figure 9 is a view like Fig. S of the modified form of the invention;
Figure 10 is a copy of a chart of the paths of movement of material in the machine of Figure 4 in operation;
Figure 11 is a copy of a chart of the paths of movement oP material in the machine of Figure 8 in operation; and Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical deflector with openings or ports :
therethrough;as shown with Flgure 8.
Detailed Description of t ~
In Fig. 1, a depiction of an overall system appears for loading castings into a primary separation structure 10, in which ~oreign matter such as ~cale and/or sand is dislod~ed ~rom the castings, and unloading of the castings upon treatment in the primary separation structure 10 for subseguent cleaning occurs. High frequency shaXe-out structure is indicated~at 12 and is responsible for initial breakup of mold bound castings.
~he castings, after initial breakup of the molds occurs, are directed to an~inlet 14 ~or the separ~tlon structure :~ :
~Z6~886 Case 59 . .
10 and are operated upon in a manner that will be described in detail below. The castings discharge from the separation structure 10 at an outlet 16 and are directed to a casting roll-over, abrasive removal station 18 whereat final casting cleaning is carried out.
The details of the primary separation structure, wherein the present invention resides, are shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The primary separation structure has a hopper 20 with a bottom surface 22 for supporting the castings as they travel between the inlet and outlet ends. A typical casting 24 is shown in Fig. 3 and may be, for example, an engine block. The bottom surface 22 is supported in an inclined attitude as shown in Fig. 2 ana slopes downwardly from the inlet end 14 towards the outlet end 16. The hopper 20 has attached, reinforced ; end walls 26, 2g with bottom surfaces 30 borne upon by isolation springs 32 interposed between the surfaces 30 and the system support surface 34. Spaced longitudinally directed tubes 35 are fit between the facing surfaces 37 of the end walls 26,28. Coaxial tie rods 39, internally of the tubes, draw the end walls 26,28 towards each other and agains the tube ends so that a unitary assembly results. The hopper 20 is fixed captively between the end walls 26,28.
The bottom sur~ace 22 of the hopper has a substantially V-shaped configuration in cross~section, as seen clearly in ~ig. 3, and is skewed with respect to the vertical so as to define a substantially horizontal leg 36 and a vertical leg 38 having an upstanding wall surface 40. The hopper 2Q is sealed by a removable hood 42 between the end walls 26,28. The end walls 26~28 have cur~ed cutouts 44 (one shown) defining passages ~or the castings at the inlet 14 and outlet 16.
1267131~6 Vibration imparting structure for the hopper 20 comprises motors 46 mounted resiliently, as by coil springs 47, to an inclined exciting wall 48 carried by the hopper 20 midway between the end walls 26, 28. The disclosed arrangement is a two mass vibratory system. The exciting mass at 50 comprises the motors 46 and associated mounting base 52. The second mass comprises the hopper 20, end walls 26, 28, hood 42 and discharge section 54 which diverts separated foreign matter. Each motor 46 has a shaft 56 offset from the vertical and substantially perpendicular to the line of movement of the castings between the hopper outlet and inlet. Each shaft 56 carries a pair of eccentric weights 58 at its ends. As the shafts 55 rotate, the hopper 20 is caused to move reciprocatively substantially along the line 60 so that conveyance of the castings 24 towards the right tFig. 2) occurs.
Lines X and Y in Figure 3 effectively divide the hopper into quadrants A, B, C and D with quadrants B and D
be/ing diagonally opposite quadrants and in ~ d~é~o~ ar 20 ~ _tl vibratory~mot~on as ~epresentedby line 60. Quadrant C is a quadrant on the same level as "opposite quadrant" D.
Resilient means 47 between vibration imparting means 46 and hopper 20 effectively mounts the vibration imparting means 46 in quadrant B for directing vibratory forces into the diametric opposite quadrant D and into quadrant C which is on the same level as the opposite quadrant D.
The path of an exemplary casting 24 will now be described. ~s the motors 46 are activated, the casting follows the curvature of the bottom sur~ace 22 and in effect begins climbing the upstanding wall 38. As the casting 24 moves vertically, gravitational forces on the casting due to the incline of the bottom surface 22 at the same time cause the casting 25 to vibrate towards the outlet 16. The casting 25 climbs until it ultimately tumbles over itself.
As this operation continues, the casting 25 traces a - substantially helical path. As the casting follows the described path, the foreign matter such as the scale and mold material tends to progressively dislodge~
The invention also contemplates that the separation of foreign matter be assisted by propelling shot towards the castings progressing through the ;78~
Case 59 structure 10 at a shot treatment station 61. A
conventional wheel 62 directs shot centrifugally through an opening 64 in the hood 42. The impinging shot jolts the castings to effect separation of foreign matter that might otherwise not occur through tumbling alone.
It is a further aspect of the invention to provide structure for diverting foreign matter, separated from the castings in the hopper, away from the hopper.
To accomplish this end, openings 66 are provided in the wall of the hopper. A shelf 68 resides at the openings 66 and is fed by a ramp 70 inclined downwardly away from the hopper opening 66. The vibration of the hopper tends to shift the separated foreign matter towards the shelf.
The ramp and shelf vibrate in conjunction with the hopper so that the foreign matter tends in the direction of arrow 72 by the combined effect of gravity and the vibratory conveying force imparted by motor 46.
The shelf 68 resides in a chamber 71 above a floor 74 at the bottom of the chamber and has openings 76 to permit passage of a first size material which drops to the floor 74 and moves in the direction of arrow 78 to a point of collection. Material unable to pass through the shelf discharges from the upper portion of the chamber separately from the smaller size particles. By separating the foreign ma* er as the castings move along the length of the separating structure, the foreign matter does not find its way back into chambers and/or crevices defined by the castings or reattach to the castings. Upon exiting the separation structure, the castings are rolled over and any remaining foreign matter separated at station 18.
- In one preferred form of the invention shown in Figs. 4-6, a tumbling apparatus for mixing, cleaning, ~Z6~ i ca se 59 _g_ and/or shake out of parts is designated by the numeral llO and comprises a container 112 which in the illustrated form is a cylindrical drum and a vibration generator 114. The container 112 could be an open top member, an ova7 member or any desired shaped member as long as it has a horizontal axis. The container 112 is attached at each end to end plates 116 of a frame 118.
In addition to the end plates 116, the rame has a bottom plate 120 connected to the end plates with corner reinforcing gussets 122 extendin~ between the container, an end plate and the bottom plate for supporting the container 112. Gussets 124 extend between a flange 126 and the end plates in the vicinity of the corners of the machine to provide reinforced pads at the corners. The lS machine is resiliently supported on a ~oundation or base 128 by means of springs 130 attached to the pads on the flanges 126 and to the foundation. The springs 130 may be coil springs, as shown, or may be air springs or the like.
The container 112 has an inlet port 132 near the high point o~ the container at one end portion and is comprised of a flanged opening 134 having a funnel shaped hoppe~ 136. The inlet port 132 could be through the high part of the end plate 116 just as well. An outlet port 138 is formed through the-side wall of the container upward of the low point of the container and at the opposite end of the container from the inlet port. The outlet port 138 can be opened or closed, but when opened, has a platform 140 over which the discharged parts and/or media flows. A conveyor 1~2 communicates with the outlet port for conveying discharged parts and/or media away from the machine. The discharge or outlet port 138 could be through the low point of the cylinder of the container ~L2~7!386 case 59 for certain applications. It will be noted in Figure 5 that the horizontal axis 139 of the container angles a few degrees from the horizontal so that the outlet end of the container is lower than the inlet end. This accommodates flow of the material through the container as the tumbling, mixing, polishing and/or shake-out is taking place.
A bracket 144 includes a pair of spaced apart mounting supports 146 is affixed to the container on one side of the vertical axis of the container. The ends of the supports 146 spaced from the container have a substantially horizontal edge 148 with an aperture 150 through an end portion of each support in horizontal alignment with each other. A horizontal axis 152 connecting the centers of the two apertures 150 is parallel to the horizontal axis 139 of the container. As shown in Figure 1, a line 154 drawn through the center ~at the horiz~ntal axis 139) of the container 112 and the center (horizontal axis 152) of the apertures 15~ of the bracket 144 forms an angle A to the vertical axis 156 of the machine. As shown, the angle A between line 154 and vertical axis 156 of the container is approximately 45 The bracket 144 also has a mounting deck 158 between the supports 146 and, as shown, the deck is pivotally mounted to the supports 146 by pi~vot pins 160 passing through apertures 162 in depending flanges 164 on the deck and through the aper~ures I50 in the supports 146. The deck 158 is locked in position relative to supports 146 by means of a pair of bolts 166 passing through arcuate slots 168 in the supports 146. When the bol~s 166 are tightened down, the~deck 158 is locked in place on the supports on the container. For the purposes of Figure 1, the s-7rface of the deck 158 lies in a plane perpendicular ~7886 Case 59 to the vertical axis 156 and parallel to the horizontal axis 152 of the pivot pins 160.
The vibration generator 114 comprises a support plate 169 resiliently mounted on the deck 15~ of the bracket 144 by a plurality of springs 170. A motor 172 is mounted on the support plate 169 with the axis of the double ended drive shaft 174 lying substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 139 of the container. Eccentric weights 176 are mounted on each ena of the double ended shaft and are encased in covers 178. Variable force vibration generators such as the types shown ln my U.S.
Patent No. 4,495,826 and 3,358,8I5 may be substituted for the eccentric weighks 176 on each end of the shaft 174.
As illustrated in Figures 4-6, the linear vibratory forces are generated by a two mass system, the motor 172, plate 169 and weights 176 being one mass, and the container 112, bracket 144 and frame 118 being the sPcond mass. The vibration generator I14 as shown in Figure 4 has an axis 180 which is vertical and intersects the axis 154 of the pivot pins 160 and is perpendicular to the support surface or foundation 128.
Operation of the vibration generator 114 will produce vibratory forces 182 (illustrated generally by the double ended arrow) along a linear path 180. As shown, the path 180 and t-he linear forces 182 pass exteriorly of the container 112. The path 180 may intersect the container, but it should not go through the center of gravity of the container.
When the apparatus shown in Figs. 4 and S is operating and the vibration generator is producing linear vibratory forces along the axis 182, the container 112 will move in an arcuate path, basically segments of a circle, having a center of rotation offset from the ~7~86 Case 59 center of the container and located at point R. The material within the container in contact with or close to the inside surface will be moved along an angle of attack with respect to the inside surface of the container. The angle of attack is arcuate, basically a segment of a circle centered at R.
The center of rotation R is either a point or a small closed figure such as a small circle or ellipse which for all practical purposes may be considered to be a point. The point R will lie along a line passing through the center of gravity CG of the container and intersecting the linear line of force 182 at an angle of 90. That intersection is on one side of the center of gravity CG and the point R will be on the other side of the center of gravity.
The center of rotation R should be offset from the center of the cylindrical container. If ~he contain-; er is not cylindrical but has a concave material support-ing surface, the center of rotation R should be offset ; 20 from the centers of circles osculating said concave *
surface.
To illustrate the concept, see Fig. 10, a sheet of paper was affixed to one end of the container 112 and the vibration generator 114 was energized and tuned to 25 resonance, thereby producin~ a linear force 182 along the axis 180. A stylus carried~by an immovably fixed support on the foundation or statlonary surface 128 was engaged * Webster's New Colleqiate Dictionary 1975 defines an osculating circle as a ci ~ ter lies on the concave side of a curve on the normal to a given point of the curve and whose radius is equal to the radius of curvature at that poin~n.
~267886 Case 59 ~13-with the paper at various points on the end plate in alignment with the surface of the container. A tracin~
of the movement of the container, indicated at 184, was subscribed on the paper by the stylus. The stylus was spotted against the paper and container, a multiplicity of times in the vicinity of the center of rotation until the point R was located; that is, the point about which the container rotated. By drawing radii 186 from point R
to the tracings, it was found that the ~racing segments of a circle are centered at R.
The movements 184 along the bo~tom ~or low point) of the container are directed inward into the mass with an angle of attack to produce conveying action of the media and parts. The movements 184 acting on the working media 188 and/or parts 190 in the container provide a vigorous and effective counter-clockwise path of motion to the media and parts in the container. The parts and media are conveyed up the inner surface of the container adjacent the vibration generator before ~alling back into the container. The vigorous circulatory motion provides improved tumbliny of the parts in the media to increase the speed and effectiveness of the mixing in the container and of the burnishing and polishing of the parts. Due to the slight tilt to the axis 139 of the container 112 to the hori20ntal, the parts, as they are tumbled, will migrate from the inlet end to ths discharge end of the container. In the alternative, with the axis 139 of the container horizontal, the amount of material added at the inlet 136 will determine the amount of material discharged~at the outlet port 138. The outlet port 138 can be open or closed (shown open in Figure 4).
When outlet port 138 is open, the media and parts will exit the container on the ramp 140 at the upper portion :
~%67~ Case 59 of the circulatory path. The ramp 140 can be foraminous to permit the media to fall down into a collection receptical prior to being ret~rned to the container or, as shown, the parts and media are delivered onto the conveyor 142 and will be conveyed to the next processing station. The inner surface of the container may be coatea or lined 183 with a material having a particular coefficient of friction to aid in the conveying action and to improve the tumbling of the parts~ The lining acts as a wear surface and can be replaced when worn.
The character of movement of the container and handling of the material within the container may be altered or modified by moving the location of the center of rotation R. The position of R will change if the dir~ction of the linear vibratory forces change. Simi-larly, the position of R will change if the center of gravity CG is changed such as, for example, by adding weights to the container. IncidentalIy, when the center of gravity of the container is referred to, it includes not only the container 112 but all parts attach d to the container betwe0n the spxings 130 and the springs 170.
The effects of changing the direction B2 of the vibratory foxces is illustrated in Fig. 7. In this case the bolts 166 were loosened and the vibration generator 114 was tilted to inclin~ the line of vibratory forces lB2 some 5 from vertical and the line of vibratory forces angled toward the container. Inasmuch as the center of rotation R lies on a line normal to the line of force and passing through the center of gravity CG, R
will assume a new position as shown in Fig. 7. With R in a new position, points on the inner surface of the container will move in a arcuate path or segments of a circle centered at the new location of R. This imparts a -~IL2~ 386 case 59 vibratory conveying movement to the material adjacent or in contact with such point to move along such paths thereby providing a different character of movement of the mass of material inside the container. The effect that will be first noted with the relocation of R is the change in the slope of the material within fhe container.
A valuable and perhaps surprising characteris-tic in the operation of the apparatus shown when used as a vibrating tumbling apparatus where parts and a media are placed within the container is that the parts them selves will remain immersed in the media. This is of importance no~ only in enhancing the cleaning and bur-nlshing effect of the operation but also prevents damage to the parts being treated which would occur if the parts surfaced and vibrated directly against the interior surfaces of the container and against each other.
Figs. 8 and 9 show the machine 110 with the axis of the vibration generator 114 tilted to a 95 angle as in Fig. 7. A baffle or deflector 92 is selectively located in the container with Fig. 11 showing the flvw pattern and forces acting on the material when the deflector 192 is added to the system. All of the structural elements of Fig. 8 that are the same as the structural eIements of Figure 4 will bear the sa~e reference numerals. The line of vibrational force 182 is external of the container. The instantaneous center of rotation R will be located at point R so that the movements 184 acting on the material in the drum will subscribe the appropriate angle of attack with the surface of the container.
The baffle 192, which in Figs. 8 and 9 is ~
cylindrical but which could be square, rectangular, tear drop shape or the like in cross section, extends from end ~2~7886 Case 5g -to end of the container 112 between the end walls 116 and can be adjusted to any desired position using appropriate means. The baffle or deflector 192 deflects a portion of the media over the outside of the deflector changing the pattern of flow of media and parts 190 in the conta~ner.
The baffle can be set so that only media goes over the deflector so that the parts remain submerged in the media. The tumbling and mixing of the media was more pronounced and the media and parts climbed higher in the container before the media cascaded back down over the deflector. With the deflector 192 adjusted so that it was closer to the container walls, the parts were sometimes exposed on the surface of the media but once the parts 190 tumbled over the deflector, they re-immersed in the media thereby minimizing scratching and bumping between the parts.
The defIector 192 may be provided with openings, or ports 193, see Figure 12, through which hot air for heating the media or cold air for cooling the media can be piped. Burner ~ets could be provided in the deflector with the nozzles pointing into the media. When ignited, the jets would burn off carbonaceous partiales on sand being processed and cleaned.
The line of force 182 along the axis 180 of the vibration generator passes e~terior of the~container or intersects the container, but does not pass through the center of gravity of the container.
Although I have described the improved tumbling apparatus as employing a two mass system, such as shown at 114 in Figure 4, the apparatus does operate effectively with any linear vibratory force system mounted directly on the container and producing a linear line of force. The vibration g~enerator 114 is shown Case 5g ~L267~86 upward and to the right of the container 112. It is to be understood that the vibration generator may be located at other positions as long as the line of force 182 is substantially offset from the center of gravity of the apparatus and so long as the center of rotation is not on the vertical centerline of the container 112. Thus, as all points on the material supporting surface of the container are moved in segments or paths of different circles having a common center at R, such segments or paths are not parallel.
The Problem and the Prior Art In many foundry operations, separation of ~and and scale from castings is required. Typically, the castings are initially tumbled to dislod~e foreign matter adhering to the castings. To assist this dislodgingt shot may be caused to impinge upon the castings as they are tumbled. An exemplary ~tructure through which dislodging of foreign matter according to the aboye can be accomplished is shown ~n U.S. Patent 3,793,780 to Musschoot.
In the Musschoot ~780 patentr a tipped, U-shaped hopper is provided and has independently operable, vibratory Lmparting mechanisms associated with each leg of the hopper. Operation of the vibratory imparting mechanism~is coordinated to move the casting towards a dead zone ~or tumbling an1 chot ~reating and , ~2fi7~
Case 59 away from the dead zone upon completion of the tumbling and treatiny operations to discharge the castings.
The principal difficulty with this type of equipment is that the vibration is not imparted continuously during the separating operation. Rather, the vibration imparting mechanisms are stopped and started, requiring monitoring and coordination. Aside from the above, the intermittent operation of the vibration imparting mechanisms result in possible excessive wear thereon.
Another drawback with the equipment in the prior art is that intermixing of the castings with the shot, the separated sand and the scale occurs. In some prior art, it is intended that sand and shot remain in the hopper with the castings as the castings are agitated `
and transported for discharge. The discharged castings ther~fore can retain some of the shot, sand and scale.
In the event that engine blocks or the like are cast, complete removal of sand, scale, shot and other ~oreign matter is absolutely essential. Thus, with the prior art structures, a subsequent cleaning operation would have to be performed in the cast parts.
It was ~ound sometime ago that an improved finish could be obtained on cast or molded parts by adding a vibratory motion-to the tumbling apparatus. In the early 1960's, I developed and patented under U.S.
Patent No. 3,157,004j an improved burnishing apparatus using a U-shaped tub mounted on trunnions. Vibratory force was applied directly to the U-shaped tub and passed through the center of gravity of the tub. When the tub was tilted about the trunnions, the vibratory force was used to discharge the media and parts from the tub.
~IL26'7~386 case 59 Although improved burnishing of the parts resulted from the above use of vibratory motion through the center of gravity of the tumbling apparatus, problems continued with the balance of the machine, with the wear S on bearings, ana with the time it took to obtain the finish.
The Invention The present invention is specifically directed to overcoming the above-enumera~ed problems in a novel and simple manner.
According to the invention, a hopper is vibrated to advance castings continuously in a path between inlet and outlet ends. Simultaneously, shot, sand, scale and other foreign matter are discharged from the hopper separately from the castings. A preliminary shake out of the castings takes place prior to the introduction of the castings into the hopper and a subsequent abrasive removal operation takes place separately upon the castings being discharged from the hopper. Shot can be propelled at the castings in the hopper to enhance dislodging of foreign makter therefrom.
Castings leaving the system are effectively cleaned of all foreign matter, i.e. shot, sand and/or scale.
According to the latest versions of the invention, a vibrating tumbling apparatus comprises a container, which may be a cylindrical drum, and a frame which are resiliently mounted on a foundation. A bracket on the container supports a vibration generator capable of producing linear vibratory motion. The arrangement is such that the container is vibrated along small segments of an arcuate or circular path centered at a point offset from ~he center of the container. The tumbling appara~us ~2678~36 will have a batch of material (which may be cas-tings with or without media) in the container. The apparatus may also be used to mix materials of different charac-teri.stics in a highly efficient manner. The material in the container is moved or conveyed and tumbled not only due to the coefficient of friction of the material with the surface of the container, but also due to the angle of attack between the material and the surface of the container at any given point because of the segmental circular path. A line from the center of rotation through the center of gravity of the machine intersects the linear line of force generated by the vibration generator at an angle of 90. The angle of attack between the material and the container can be varied to vary the rate or character of mixing, to vary the rate of cleaning, to vary the amount of lS tumbling, to vary the conveying and tumbling action between the material and the surface of the container and the like.
By way of example, the invention in one broad aspect pertains to vibratory apparatus comprising a container having a material supporting surface, means mounting the con-tainer for vibratory movement and a vibration gene.rator secu~ed to the container, the generator producing a vibratory force along a linear path extending on one side of the center of gravity of the container whereby each point on the material supporting surface will vibrate in paths lying on segments of circles having a common center at a point lying on a line normal to the linear path and passing through the center of gravity, the point being located on the other side of the center of gravity.
Ano-ther aspect of the invention pertains to a vibratory apparatus having a frame, resilient means mounting the frame on a foundation and a container having an inlet port at one end and an outlet port at the other end, the container being mounted on the frame with the axis of the container tilted from the inlet end toward the outlet end at an angle of a few degrees from the horizontal. A vibration generator is mounted on the container with the vibrational forces extending along an axis of the vibration generator, offset from the center of the container on one side of the center of gravi-ty thereof, to produce a center of rotation on the other side of the center of gravity to produce rotational forces acting perpendicular to radii drawn from the center of rotation to a point on the inside surface of the container whereby media and parts being tumbled in the container will be moved up the inside surface of the container settin~ up a path of tumbling r- ~
9L26781!36 ~ -~A-movement.
Another exemplary aspect of the invention comprehends vibratory apparatus comprising a generally horizontally arranged container defining an inside, curved material supporting surface and having a central axis and including mounting means for resiliently mounting the container rela-tive to a mounting surface and a vibration generator mounted on the container, the container having a center of gravity and having unconstrained movement relative to the mounting surface. Means is provided for directing the vibratory forces generated by the vibration generator along a linear path displaced from not only the central axis of the container but also from the center of gravity of the container, the linear path oE vibratory forces passing on the side of the center of gravity removed from the central axis to cause points on the curved material supporting surface of the container to rotate along segments`of circles.
Each of the segments of the circles has a center located at a position displaced from the central axis and from -the center of gravity on the other side of the central axis from the center of gravity so that the segments of the circles do not conform to the curvature of the curved material supporting surface.
Still further, the invention comprehends vibratory apparatus comprising a container having a central axis and a material supporting surface, mounting means for resiliently mounting the container for unconstrained vibratory movernent relative to a mounting surface and vibration generator means for generating vibratory forces along a linear path displaced from the central axis and from a center of gravity of the container on the side of the center of gravity spaced from the central axis. The vibration generator means is mounted on the container with the vlbratory forces vibrating each point on the material supporting surface along segments of circles, each segment having a center at a position spaced from the central axis and from the center of gravity on the side of the central axis spaced ~rom the center oE gravity.
The invention also comprehends the method of operating vibratory apparatus comprising a container with a center of gravity and having a material supporting surface, means mounting the container for vibratory movement and a vibration generator secured to the container, the method comprising the s~ep of generating a vibratory force along a linear path extending on one side of the center of gravi-ty oE
the container whereby each point on the material supporting !~9 ~2671~
surface will vibrate in paths lying on segments of circles having a common center at a point lying on a line normal to the linear path and passing through the center of gravity, the point being located on the other side of the center of gravity.
Still further, the invention comprehends a method of vibration handling materials wherein the apparatus includes a container having a central axis, a material supporting surface and vibration generator means mounted on the container, the container being resiliently mounted for unconstrained vibratory movement r-elative to a mounting surface. The improvement in the method comprises the step of generating vibratory forces by the vibrator generating means along a linear path displaced from the central axis and from a center of gravity of the container on the side of the center of gravity spaced from the central axis wherein the vibratory forces vibrate each point on the material supporting surface along segements of circles, each segment having a center at a position spaced from the central a~is and from the center of gravity on the side of -the central axis spaced from the center of gravity.
Preferred forms of the invention are shown in -the accompanying drawings.
Description of the Drawings E'igure L is a plan view showing schernatically an overall system for separating foreign matter from castings with the present invention incorporated;
Figure 2 is a side elevation view of a continuous hopper section in the system of Fig. l;
Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the hopper taken along line 2 - 2 of Fig. l;
Figure 4 is an end view of one preferred form of a vibratory tumbling machine with some parts shown in cross-section and some parts shown in phantom, ;-''' ~
~L%~i7~3~36 Case 59 Figure 5 is an elevation view of the machine of Figure 4 as viewed from the right in Figure 4;
Figure 6 is a view like Fig. 4 but with a difference in the line of application of the ~ibratory force.
Figure 7 is a view of one form of deck for mounting the vibration generator of Figure 4 showing alternate positions of the deck:
Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 6 showing a modified form of the invention;
Figure 9 is a view like Fig. S of the modified form of the invention;
Figure 10 is a copy of a chart of the paths of movement of material in the machine of Figure 4 in operation;
Figure 11 is a copy of a chart of the paths of movement oP material in the machine of Figure 8 in operation; and Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical deflector with openings or ports :
therethrough;as shown with Flgure 8.
Detailed Description of t ~
In Fig. 1, a depiction of an overall system appears for loading castings into a primary separation structure 10, in which ~oreign matter such as ~cale and/or sand is dislod~ed ~rom the castings, and unloading of the castings upon treatment in the primary separation structure 10 for subseguent cleaning occurs. High frequency shaXe-out structure is indicated~at 12 and is responsible for initial breakup of mold bound castings.
~he castings, after initial breakup of the molds occurs, are directed to an~inlet 14 ~or the separ~tlon structure :~ :
~Z6~886 Case 59 . .
10 and are operated upon in a manner that will be described in detail below. The castings discharge from the separation structure 10 at an outlet 16 and are directed to a casting roll-over, abrasive removal station 18 whereat final casting cleaning is carried out.
The details of the primary separation structure, wherein the present invention resides, are shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The primary separation structure has a hopper 20 with a bottom surface 22 for supporting the castings as they travel between the inlet and outlet ends. A typical casting 24 is shown in Fig. 3 and may be, for example, an engine block. The bottom surface 22 is supported in an inclined attitude as shown in Fig. 2 ana slopes downwardly from the inlet end 14 towards the outlet end 16. The hopper 20 has attached, reinforced ; end walls 26, 2g with bottom surfaces 30 borne upon by isolation springs 32 interposed between the surfaces 30 and the system support surface 34. Spaced longitudinally directed tubes 35 are fit between the facing surfaces 37 of the end walls 26,28. Coaxial tie rods 39, internally of the tubes, draw the end walls 26,28 towards each other and agains the tube ends so that a unitary assembly results. The hopper 20 is fixed captively between the end walls 26,28.
The bottom sur~ace 22 of the hopper has a substantially V-shaped configuration in cross~section, as seen clearly in ~ig. 3, and is skewed with respect to the vertical so as to define a substantially horizontal leg 36 and a vertical leg 38 having an upstanding wall surface 40. The hopper 2Q is sealed by a removable hood 42 between the end walls 26,28. The end walls 26~28 have cur~ed cutouts 44 (one shown) defining passages ~or the castings at the inlet 14 and outlet 16.
1267131~6 Vibration imparting structure for the hopper 20 comprises motors 46 mounted resiliently, as by coil springs 47, to an inclined exciting wall 48 carried by the hopper 20 midway between the end walls 26, 28. The disclosed arrangement is a two mass vibratory system. The exciting mass at 50 comprises the motors 46 and associated mounting base 52. The second mass comprises the hopper 20, end walls 26, 28, hood 42 and discharge section 54 which diverts separated foreign matter. Each motor 46 has a shaft 56 offset from the vertical and substantially perpendicular to the line of movement of the castings between the hopper outlet and inlet. Each shaft 56 carries a pair of eccentric weights 58 at its ends. As the shafts 55 rotate, the hopper 20 is caused to move reciprocatively substantially along the line 60 so that conveyance of the castings 24 towards the right tFig. 2) occurs.
Lines X and Y in Figure 3 effectively divide the hopper into quadrants A, B, C and D with quadrants B and D
be/ing diagonally opposite quadrants and in ~ d~é~o~ ar 20 ~ _tl vibratory~mot~on as ~epresentedby line 60. Quadrant C is a quadrant on the same level as "opposite quadrant" D.
Resilient means 47 between vibration imparting means 46 and hopper 20 effectively mounts the vibration imparting means 46 in quadrant B for directing vibratory forces into the diametric opposite quadrant D and into quadrant C which is on the same level as the opposite quadrant D.
The path of an exemplary casting 24 will now be described. ~s the motors 46 are activated, the casting follows the curvature of the bottom sur~ace 22 and in effect begins climbing the upstanding wall 38. As the casting 24 moves vertically, gravitational forces on the casting due to the incline of the bottom surface 22 at the same time cause the casting 25 to vibrate towards the outlet 16. The casting 25 climbs until it ultimately tumbles over itself.
As this operation continues, the casting 25 traces a - substantially helical path. As the casting follows the described path, the foreign matter such as the scale and mold material tends to progressively dislodge~
The invention also contemplates that the separation of foreign matter be assisted by propelling shot towards the castings progressing through the ;78~
Case 59 structure 10 at a shot treatment station 61. A
conventional wheel 62 directs shot centrifugally through an opening 64 in the hood 42. The impinging shot jolts the castings to effect separation of foreign matter that might otherwise not occur through tumbling alone.
It is a further aspect of the invention to provide structure for diverting foreign matter, separated from the castings in the hopper, away from the hopper.
To accomplish this end, openings 66 are provided in the wall of the hopper. A shelf 68 resides at the openings 66 and is fed by a ramp 70 inclined downwardly away from the hopper opening 66. The vibration of the hopper tends to shift the separated foreign matter towards the shelf.
The ramp and shelf vibrate in conjunction with the hopper so that the foreign matter tends in the direction of arrow 72 by the combined effect of gravity and the vibratory conveying force imparted by motor 46.
The shelf 68 resides in a chamber 71 above a floor 74 at the bottom of the chamber and has openings 76 to permit passage of a first size material which drops to the floor 74 and moves in the direction of arrow 78 to a point of collection. Material unable to pass through the shelf discharges from the upper portion of the chamber separately from the smaller size particles. By separating the foreign ma* er as the castings move along the length of the separating structure, the foreign matter does not find its way back into chambers and/or crevices defined by the castings or reattach to the castings. Upon exiting the separation structure, the castings are rolled over and any remaining foreign matter separated at station 18.
- In one preferred form of the invention shown in Figs. 4-6, a tumbling apparatus for mixing, cleaning, ~Z6~ i ca se 59 _g_ and/or shake out of parts is designated by the numeral llO and comprises a container 112 which in the illustrated form is a cylindrical drum and a vibration generator 114. The container 112 could be an open top member, an ova7 member or any desired shaped member as long as it has a horizontal axis. The container 112 is attached at each end to end plates 116 of a frame 118.
In addition to the end plates 116, the rame has a bottom plate 120 connected to the end plates with corner reinforcing gussets 122 extendin~ between the container, an end plate and the bottom plate for supporting the container 112. Gussets 124 extend between a flange 126 and the end plates in the vicinity of the corners of the machine to provide reinforced pads at the corners. The lS machine is resiliently supported on a ~oundation or base 128 by means of springs 130 attached to the pads on the flanges 126 and to the foundation. The springs 130 may be coil springs, as shown, or may be air springs or the like.
The container 112 has an inlet port 132 near the high point o~ the container at one end portion and is comprised of a flanged opening 134 having a funnel shaped hoppe~ 136. The inlet port 132 could be through the high part of the end plate 116 just as well. An outlet port 138 is formed through the-side wall of the container upward of the low point of the container and at the opposite end of the container from the inlet port. The outlet port 138 can be opened or closed, but when opened, has a platform 140 over which the discharged parts and/or media flows. A conveyor 1~2 communicates with the outlet port for conveying discharged parts and/or media away from the machine. The discharge or outlet port 138 could be through the low point of the cylinder of the container ~L2~7!386 case 59 for certain applications. It will be noted in Figure 5 that the horizontal axis 139 of the container angles a few degrees from the horizontal so that the outlet end of the container is lower than the inlet end. This accommodates flow of the material through the container as the tumbling, mixing, polishing and/or shake-out is taking place.
A bracket 144 includes a pair of spaced apart mounting supports 146 is affixed to the container on one side of the vertical axis of the container. The ends of the supports 146 spaced from the container have a substantially horizontal edge 148 with an aperture 150 through an end portion of each support in horizontal alignment with each other. A horizontal axis 152 connecting the centers of the two apertures 150 is parallel to the horizontal axis 139 of the container. As shown in Figure 1, a line 154 drawn through the center ~at the horiz~ntal axis 139) of the container 112 and the center (horizontal axis 152) of the apertures 15~ of the bracket 144 forms an angle A to the vertical axis 156 of the machine. As shown, the angle A between line 154 and vertical axis 156 of the container is approximately 45 The bracket 144 also has a mounting deck 158 between the supports 146 and, as shown, the deck is pivotally mounted to the supports 146 by pi~vot pins 160 passing through apertures 162 in depending flanges 164 on the deck and through the aper~ures I50 in the supports 146. The deck 158 is locked in position relative to supports 146 by means of a pair of bolts 166 passing through arcuate slots 168 in the supports 146. When the bol~s 166 are tightened down, the~deck 158 is locked in place on the supports on the container. For the purposes of Figure 1, the s-7rface of the deck 158 lies in a plane perpendicular ~7886 Case 59 to the vertical axis 156 and parallel to the horizontal axis 152 of the pivot pins 160.
The vibration generator 114 comprises a support plate 169 resiliently mounted on the deck 15~ of the bracket 144 by a plurality of springs 170. A motor 172 is mounted on the support plate 169 with the axis of the double ended drive shaft 174 lying substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 139 of the container. Eccentric weights 176 are mounted on each ena of the double ended shaft and are encased in covers 178. Variable force vibration generators such as the types shown ln my U.S.
Patent No. 4,495,826 and 3,358,8I5 may be substituted for the eccentric weighks 176 on each end of the shaft 174.
As illustrated in Figures 4-6, the linear vibratory forces are generated by a two mass system, the motor 172, plate 169 and weights 176 being one mass, and the container 112, bracket 144 and frame 118 being the sPcond mass. The vibration generator I14 as shown in Figure 4 has an axis 180 which is vertical and intersects the axis 154 of the pivot pins 160 and is perpendicular to the support surface or foundation 128.
Operation of the vibration generator 114 will produce vibratory forces 182 (illustrated generally by the double ended arrow) along a linear path 180. As shown, the path 180 and t-he linear forces 182 pass exteriorly of the container 112. The path 180 may intersect the container, but it should not go through the center of gravity of the container.
When the apparatus shown in Figs. 4 and S is operating and the vibration generator is producing linear vibratory forces along the axis 182, the container 112 will move in an arcuate path, basically segments of a circle, having a center of rotation offset from the ~7~86 Case 59 center of the container and located at point R. The material within the container in contact with or close to the inside surface will be moved along an angle of attack with respect to the inside surface of the container. The angle of attack is arcuate, basically a segment of a circle centered at R.
The center of rotation R is either a point or a small closed figure such as a small circle or ellipse which for all practical purposes may be considered to be a point. The point R will lie along a line passing through the center of gravity CG of the container and intersecting the linear line of force 182 at an angle of 90. That intersection is on one side of the center of gravity CG and the point R will be on the other side of the center of gravity.
The center of rotation R should be offset from the center of the cylindrical container. If ~he contain-; er is not cylindrical but has a concave material support-ing surface, the center of rotation R should be offset ; 20 from the centers of circles osculating said concave *
surface.
To illustrate the concept, see Fig. 10, a sheet of paper was affixed to one end of the container 112 and the vibration generator 114 was energized and tuned to 25 resonance, thereby producin~ a linear force 182 along the axis 180. A stylus carried~by an immovably fixed support on the foundation or statlonary surface 128 was engaged * Webster's New Colleqiate Dictionary 1975 defines an osculating circle as a ci ~ ter lies on the concave side of a curve on the normal to a given point of the curve and whose radius is equal to the radius of curvature at that poin~n.
~267886 Case 59 ~13-with the paper at various points on the end plate in alignment with the surface of the container. A tracin~
of the movement of the container, indicated at 184, was subscribed on the paper by the stylus. The stylus was spotted against the paper and container, a multiplicity of times in the vicinity of the center of rotation until the point R was located; that is, the point about which the container rotated. By drawing radii 186 from point R
to the tracings, it was found that the ~racing segments of a circle are centered at R.
The movements 184 along the bo~tom ~or low point) of the container are directed inward into the mass with an angle of attack to produce conveying action of the media and parts. The movements 184 acting on the working media 188 and/or parts 190 in the container provide a vigorous and effective counter-clockwise path of motion to the media and parts in the container. The parts and media are conveyed up the inner surface of the container adjacent the vibration generator before ~alling back into the container. The vigorous circulatory motion provides improved tumbliny of the parts in the media to increase the speed and effectiveness of the mixing in the container and of the burnishing and polishing of the parts. Due to the slight tilt to the axis 139 of the container 112 to the hori20ntal, the parts, as they are tumbled, will migrate from the inlet end to ths discharge end of the container. In the alternative, with the axis 139 of the container horizontal, the amount of material added at the inlet 136 will determine the amount of material discharged~at the outlet port 138. The outlet port 138 can be open or closed (shown open in Figure 4).
When outlet port 138 is open, the media and parts will exit the container on the ramp 140 at the upper portion :
~%67~ Case 59 of the circulatory path. The ramp 140 can be foraminous to permit the media to fall down into a collection receptical prior to being ret~rned to the container or, as shown, the parts and media are delivered onto the conveyor 142 and will be conveyed to the next processing station. The inner surface of the container may be coatea or lined 183 with a material having a particular coefficient of friction to aid in the conveying action and to improve the tumbling of the parts~ The lining acts as a wear surface and can be replaced when worn.
The character of movement of the container and handling of the material within the container may be altered or modified by moving the location of the center of rotation R. The position of R will change if the dir~ction of the linear vibratory forces change. Simi-larly, the position of R will change if the center of gravity CG is changed such as, for example, by adding weights to the container. IncidentalIy, when the center of gravity of the container is referred to, it includes not only the container 112 but all parts attach d to the container betwe0n the spxings 130 and the springs 170.
The effects of changing the direction B2 of the vibratory foxces is illustrated in Fig. 7. In this case the bolts 166 were loosened and the vibration generator 114 was tilted to inclin~ the line of vibratory forces lB2 some 5 from vertical and the line of vibratory forces angled toward the container. Inasmuch as the center of rotation R lies on a line normal to the line of force and passing through the center of gravity CG, R
will assume a new position as shown in Fig. 7. With R in a new position, points on the inner surface of the container will move in a arcuate path or segments of a circle centered at the new location of R. This imparts a -~IL2~ 386 case 59 vibratory conveying movement to the material adjacent or in contact with such point to move along such paths thereby providing a different character of movement of the mass of material inside the container. The effect that will be first noted with the relocation of R is the change in the slope of the material within fhe container.
A valuable and perhaps surprising characteris-tic in the operation of the apparatus shown when used as a vibrating tumbling apparatus where parts and a media are placed within the container is that the parts them selves will remain immersed in the media. This is of importance no~ only in enhancing the cleaning and bur-nlshing effect of the operation but also prevents damage to the parts being treated which would occur if the parts surfaced and vibrated directly against the interior surfaces of the container and against each other.
Figs. 8 and 9 show the machine 110 with the axis of the vibration generator 114 tilted to a 95 angle as in Fig. 7. A baffle or deflector 92 is selectively located in the container with Fig. 11 showing the flvw pattern and forces acting on the material when the deflector 192 is added to the system. All of the structural elements of Fig. 8 that are the same as the structural eIements of Figure 4 will bear the sa~e reference numerals. The line of vibrational force 182 is external of the container. The instantaneous center of rotation R will be located at point R so that the movements 184 acting on the material in the drum will subscribe the appropriate angle of attack with the surface of the container.
The baffle 192, which in Figs. 8 and 9 is ~
cylindrical but which could be square, rectangular, tear drop shape or the like in cross section, extends from end ~2~7886 Case 5g -to end of the container 112 between the end walls 116 and can be adjusted to any desired position using appropriate means. The baffle or deflector 192 deflects a portion of the media over the outside of the deflector changing the pattern of flow of media and parts 190 in the conta~ner.
The baffle can be set so that only media goes over the deflector so that the parts remain submerged in the media. The tumbling and mixing of the media was more pronounced and the media and parts climbed higher in the container before the media cascaded back down over the deflector. With the deflector 192 adjusted so that it was closer to the container walls, the parts were sometimes exposed on the surface of the media but once the parts 190 tumbled over the deflector, they re-immersed in the media thereby minimizing scratching and bumping between the parts.
The defIector 192 may be provided with openings, or ports 193, see Figure 12, through which hot air for heating the media or cold air for cooling the media can be piped. Burner ~ets could be provided in the deflector with the nozzles pointing into the media. When ignited, the jets would burn off carbonaceous partiales on sand being processed and cleaned.
The line of force 182 along the axis 180 of the vibration generator passes e~terior of the~container or intersects the container, but does not pass through the center of gravity of the container.
Although I have described the improved tumbling apparatus as employing a two mass system, such as shown at 114 in Figure 4, the apparatus does operate effectively with any linear vibratory force system mounted directly on the container and producing a linear line of force. The vibration g~enerator 114 is shown Case 5g ~L267~86 upward and to the right of the container 112. It is to be understood that the vibration generator may be located at other positions as long as the line of force 182 is substantially offset from the center of gravity of the apparatus and so long as the center of rotation is not on the vertical centerline of the container 112. Thus, as all points on the material supporting surface of the container are moved in segments or paths of different circles having a common center at R, such segments or paths are not parallel.
Claims (24)
1. Vibratory apparatus comprising a container having a material supporting surface, means mounting the container for vibratory movement, a vibration generator secured to the container, said generator producing a vibratory force along a linear path extending on one side of the center of gravity of the container whereby each point on the material supporting surface will vibrate in paths lying on segments of circles having a common center at a point lying on a line normal to said linear path and passing through said center of gravity, said point being located on the other side of said center of gravity.
2. Vibratory apparatus comprising a container having a material supporting surface, means mounting the container for vibratory movement, a vibration generator secured to the container, said generator producing a vibratory force along a linear path extending on one side and exteriorly of the container whereby each point on the material supporting surface will vibrate in paths lying on segments of circles having a common center at a point lying on a line normal to said linear path and passing through said center of gravity, said point being located on the other side of said center of gravity.
3. In a vibratory apparatus having a container and a frame resiliently mounted on a foundation with an axis of the container lying generally horizontal, a vibration generator mounted on the container for producing vibrational forces along a line passing on one side of the center of gravity of the container, said forces producing rotational forces acting on the container to cause the container to rotate segmentally about a center of rotation, said center of rotation being located on the other side of said center of gravity whereby the vibrational forces of the generator will produce rotational forces on the container which will convey the material up the adjacent surface of the container until it tumbles back into the container.
4. In the vibratory apparatus of claim 3 wherein said center of rotation lies on a line passing through said center of gravity of the apparatus and is Case 59 perpendicular to the vibratory force generated by the vibration generator.
5. In the vibratory apparatus of claim 3 wherein said vibration generator is adjustably mounted on said container whereby the direction of the vibrational forces of the vibration generator can be changed.
6. In a vibratory apparatus having a frame, resilient means mounting the frame on a foundation, a container having an inlet port at one end and an outlet port at the other end, the container being mounted on the frame with the axis of the container tilted from the inlet end toward the outlet end at an angle of a few degrees from the horizontal, a vibration generator mounted on the container with the vibrational forces extending along an axis of the vibration generator, offset from the center of the container on one side of the center of gravity thereof, to produce a center of rotation on the other side of the center of gravity to produce rotational forces acting perpendicular to radii drawn from the center of rotation to a point on the inside surface of the container whereby media and parts being tumbled in the container will be moved up the inside surface of the container setting up a path of tumbling movement.
7. Vibratory apparatus comprising:
a generally horizontally arranged container defining an inside, curved material supporting surface and having a central axis;
mounting means for resiliently mounting the container relative to a mounting surface;
a vibration generator mounted on said container;
said container having a center of gravity and having unconstrained movement relative to the mounting surface; and means for directing the vibratory forces generated by the vibration generator along a linear path displaced from not only the central axis of the container but also from the center of gravity of the container, said linear path of vibratory forces passing on the side of the center of gravity removed from the central axis to cause points on the curved material supporting surface of the container to rotate along segments of circles;
each of said segments of said circles having a center located at a position displaced from the central axis and from said center of gravity on the other side of said central axis from said center of gravity so that the segments of the circles do not conform to the curvature of the curved material supporting surface.
a generally horizontally arranged container defining an inside, curved material supporting surface and having a central axis;
mounting means for resiliently mounting the container relative to a mounting surface;
a vibration generator mounted on said container;
said container having a center of gravity and having unconstrained movement relative to the mounting surface; and means for directing the vibratory forces generated by the vibration generator along a linear path displaced from not only the central axis of the container but also from the center of gravity of the container, said linear path of vibratory forces passing on the side of the center of gravity removed from the central axis to cause points on the curved material supporting surface of the container to rotate along segments of circles;
each of said segments of said circles having a center located at a position displaced from the central axis and from said center of gravity on the other side of said central axis from said center of gravity so that the segments of the circles do not conform to the curvature of the curved material supporting surface.
8. Vibratory apparatus comprising:
a container having a central axis and a material supporting surface;
mounting means for resiliently mounting the container for unconstrained vibratory movement relative to a mounting surface;
vibration generator means for generating vibratory forces along a linear path displaced from the central axis and from a center of gravity of the container on the side of the center of gravity spaced from the central axis;
said vibration generator means being mounted on the container;
said vibratory forces vibrating each point, on the material supporting surface along segments of circles, each segment having a center at a position spaced from said central axis and from the center of gravity on the side of the central axis spaced from the center of gravity.
a container having a central axis and a material supporting surface;
mounting means for resiliently mounting the container for unconstrained vibratory movement relative to a mounting surface;
vibration generator means for generating vibratory forces along a linear path displaced from the central axis and from a center of gravity of the container on the side of the center of gravity spaced from the central axis;
said vibration generator means being mounted on the container;
said vibratory forces vibrating each point, on the material supporting surface along segments of circles, each segment having a center at a position spaced from said central axis and from the center of gravity on the side of the central axis spaced from the center of gravity.
9. Vibratory apparatus comprising:
a container having a central axis, a center of gravity displaced from said central axis, and a material supporting surface;
means for resiliently mounting the container for unconstrained vibratory movement relative to a mounting surface; and vibration generator means secured to the container for producing vibratory forces along a linear path extending on the side of the center of gravity of the container closest to said vibration generator means;
said vibratory forces vibrating each point on the material supporting surface in paths lying on segments of circles having a center of rotation lying on a line normal to said linear path and passing through said center of gravity;
said center of rotation being located on the other side of said central axis from said center of gravity.
a container having a central axis, a center of gravity displaced from said central axis, and a material supporting surface;
means for resiliently mounting the container for unconstrained vibratory movement relative to a mounting surface; and vibration generator means secured to the container for producing vibratory forces along a linear path extending on the side of the center of gravity of the container closest to said vibration generator means;
said vibratory forces vibrating each point on the material supporting surface in paths lying on segments of circles having a center of rotation lying on a line normal to said linear path and passing through said center of gravity;
said center of rotation being located on the other side of said central axis from said center of gravity.
10. Vibratory apparatus comprising:
a container having a material supporting surface and a central axis, said container being rigidly mounted on a frame;
means for resiliently mounting said container and said frame for vibratory movement relative to a mounting surface; and vibration generator means secured to the container for producing vibratory forces directed along a linear path;
said container and frame having a center of gravity offset from the central axis of the container;
said linear path of vibratory forces being offset from said center of gravity on the side of the center of gravity away from the central axis of the container;
said vibratory forces vibrating each point on the material supporting surface along a path lying on a segment of a circle having a common center of rotation, said common center of rotation lying on a line normal to said linear path of passing through said center of gravity;
said common center of rotation being located on the other side of said central axis from the center of gravity.
a container having a material supporting surface and a central axis, said container being rigidly mounted on a frame;
means for resiliently mounting said container and said frame for vibratory movement relative to a mounting surface; and vibration generator means secured to the container for producing vibratory forces directed along a linear path;
said container and frame having a center of gravity offset from the central axis of the container;
said linear path of vibratory forces being offset from said center of gravity on the side of the center of gravity away from the central axis of the container;
said vibratory forces vibrating each point on the material supporting surface along a path lying on a segment of a circle having a common center of rotation, said common center of rotation lying on a line normal to said linear path of passing through said center of gravity;
said common center of rotation being located on the other side of said central axis from the center of gravity.
11. In a vibratory apparatus having a container rigidly mounted on a frame, means for resiliently mounting said container and said frame on a mounting surface with an axis of the container lying substantially horizontal, and vibration generating means for vibrating said container and frame comprising:
a vibration generator;
support means mounted on the container, said support means, said container and said frame having a center of gravity offset from said axis of the container on the same side of the axis of the container as the support means;
resilient means for resiliently mounting the vibration generator on the support means, said vibration generator producing vibrational forces along a linear path passing on the side of the center of gravity of the container closest to said vibration generator, said vibrational forces generated by said vibration generator producing rotational forces acting on the container to cause the container to rotate segmentally about a center of rotation;
said center of rotation being located on the other side of said center of gravity from the vibration generator and being spaced from the container axis;
the vibrational forces of the vibration generator producing rotational forces on the container which conveys material up the adjacent surface of the container until the material tumbles back into the container.
a vibration generator;
support means mounted on the container, said support means, said container and said frame having a center of gravity offset from said axis of the container on the same side of the axis of the container as the support means;
resilient means for resiliently mounting the vibration generator on the support means, said vibration generator producing vibrational forces along a linear path passing on the side of the center of gravity of the container closest to said vibration generator, said vibrational forces generated by said vibration generator producing rotational forces acting on the container to cause the container to rotate segmentally about a center of rotation;
said center of rotation being located on the other side of said center of gravity from the vibration generator and being spaced from the container axis;
the vibrational forces of the vibration generator producing rotational forces on the container which conveys material up the adjacent surface of the container until the material tumbles back into the container.
12. In the vibratory apparatus of claim 11 wherein said center of rotation lies on a line passing through said center of gravity of the apparatus and is perpendicular to the linear path of the vibratory forces generated by the vibration generator.
13. In the vibratory apparatus of claim 11 wherein said vibration generator is adjustably mounted on said container whereby the direction of the linear path of the vibrational forces of the vibration generator can be changed.
14. In a vibratory apparatus having a frame, resilient means mounting the frame on a mounting surface, a container having spaced ends with an inlet port at one end and an outlet port at the other end, the container being rigidly mounted on the frame with the axis of the container tilted from the inlet port toward the outlet port at an angle of a few degrees from the horizontal, said container and frame having a center of gravity offset from the axis of the container, and vibration generating structure comprising:
a linear vibration generator;
resilient means for resiliently mounting the vibration generator on the container;
said vibration generator producing vibrational forces along an axis of the vibration generator, the vibrational forces being offset from the axis of the container and being offset from the center of gravity on the side of the center of gravity away from the axis of the container;
said vibrational forces producing a center of rotation on the other side of the axis of the container from the center of gravity to produce rotational forces acting substantially perpendicular to radii drawn from the center of rotation to a point on the inside surface of the container;
whereby media and parts being tumbled in the container will be moved up the inside surface of the container setting up a path of tumbling movement.
a linear vibration generator;
resilient means for resiliently mounting the vibration generator on the container;
said vibration generator producing vibrational forces along an axis of the vibration generator, the vibrational forces being offset from the axis of the container and being offset from the center of gravity on the side of the center of gravity away from the axis of the container;
said vibrational forces producing a center of rotation on the other side of the axis of the container from the center of gravity to produce rotational forces acting substantially perpendicular to radii drawn from the center of rotation to a point on the inside surface of the container;
whereby media and parts being tumbled in the container will be moved up the inside surface of the container setting up a path of tumbling movement.
15. In the vibratory apparatus of claim 14 wherein means are provided for changing the angle of tilt of the container.
16. In the vibratory apparatus of claim 14 wherein means are provided for adjusting the vibratory generator relative to the container for changing the direction of the axis of the vibration generator which in turn changes the location of the center of rotation and changes the tumbling movement of the media and parts.
17. In the vibratory apparatus of claim 14 wherein the vibratory generator is a variable force vibratory generator for varying the vibratory forces acting on the contents of the container.
18. In the vibratory apparatus of claim 14 wherein deflector means is disposed in said container and is submerged in the media, said deflector means changing the path of tumbling movement.
19. In the vibratory apparatus of claim 1 wherein said deflector means lies parallel to the axis of the container and wherein air is passed through the deflector means and into the media and parts for modifying the condition of the media and parts.
20. Vibratory apparatus comprising:
a cylinder container having a material supporting surface and a substantially horizontally disposed central axis;
an inlet at one end portion of said container and an outlet at the other end portion of said container;
a base;
a plurality of isolation springs resiliently mounting the container on the base;
a bracket rigidly mounted on the container; and vibration generator means carried by the bracket for producing vibratory forces directed along a linear path that passes exterior of the container;
said vibration generator means comprising (a) a support plate;
(b) vibratory force transmitting springs connecting said support plate to said bracket;
(c) a motor mounted on said support plate;
(d) eccentric weights driven by said motor for producing said vibratory forces along said linear path;
said isolation springs permitting unconstrained vibratory movement of the container relative to said base;
said container and bracket having a center of gravity located on one side of the central axis of the container between the central axis of the container and the linear path of the vibratory forces;
said vibratory forces vibrating each point on the material supporting surface along a path lying on a segment of a circle having a common center of rotation, said common center of rotation lying on a line that passes through said center of gravity and is perpendicular to said linear path of vibratory forces produced by said vibration generator means;
said common center of rotation being located on the opposite side of said central axis of the container from the center of gravity.
a cylinder container having a material supporting surface and a substantially horizontally disposed central axis;
an inlet at one end portion of said container and an outlet at the other end portion of said container;
a base;
a plurality of isolation springs resiliently mounting the container on the base;
a bracket rigidly mounted on the container; and vibration generator means carried by the bracket for producing vibratory forces directed along a linear path that passes exterior of the container;
said vibration generator means comprising (a) a support plate;
(b) vibratory force transmitting springs connecting said support plate to said bracket;
(c) a motor mounted on said support plate;
(d) eccentric weights driven by said motor for producing said vibratory forces along said linear path;
said isolation springs permitting unconstrained vibratory movement of the container relative to said base;
said container and bracket having a center of gravity located on one side of the central axis of the container between the central axis of the container and the linear path of the vibratory forces;
said vibratory forces vibrating each point on the material supporting surface along a path lying on a segment of a circle having a common center of rotation, said common center of rotation lying on a line that passes through said center of gravity and is perpendicular to said linear path of vibratory forces produced by said vibration generator means;
said common center of rotation being located on the opposite side of said central axis of the container from the center of gravity.
21. In a method of vibration handling materials wherein the apparatus includes a container having a central axis, a material supporting surface and vibration generator means, mounted on said container, said container being resiliently mounted for unconstrained vibratory movement relative to a mounting surface, the improvement comprising the step of generating vibratory forces by said vibrator generating means along a linear path displaced from the central axis and from a center of gravity of the container on the side of the center of gravity spaced from the central axis wherein said vibratory forces vibrate each point on the material supporting surface along segments of circles, each segment having a center at a position spaced from the central axis and from the center of gravity on the side of the central axis spaced from the center of gravity.
22. In a method of vibration handling materials in vibratory apparatus including a container having a central axis with a center of gravity displaced from said central axis, and a material supporting surface, the container being resiliently mounted on a surface for unconstrained vibratory movement relative to said surface, the improvement comprising the step of producing vibratory forces by vibration generator means mounted to said container along a linear path extending on the side of the center of gravity of the container closest to said vibration generator means;
said vibratory forces vibrating each point on the material supporting surface in paths lying on segments of circles having a center of rotation lying on a line normal to said linear path and passing through the center of gravity, the center of rotation being located on the other side of said central axis from said center of gravity.
said vibratory forces vibrating each point on the material supporting surface in paths lying on segments of circles having a center of rotation lying on a line normal to said linear path and passing through the center of gravity, the center of rotation being located on the other side of said central axis from said center of gravity.
23. In a method of vibration handling materials with an apparatus including a generally horizontally arranged container defining an inside, curved material supporting surface and having a central axis, said container being resiliently mounted relative to a mounting surface with a vibration generator mounted on said container;
the container having a center of gravity and unconstrained movement relative to the mounting surface, the improvement comprising the step of directing the vibratory forces generated by the vibration generator along a linear path displaced from not only the central axis of the container but also from the center of gravity of the container, the linear path of vibratory forces passing on the side of the center of gravity removed from the central axis to cause points on the curved material supporting surface of the container to rotate along segments of circles, whereby each of the segments of the circles has a center located at a position displaced from the central axis and from the center of gravity on the other side of the central axis from the center of gravity so that the segments of the circles do not conform to the curvature of the curved material supporting surface.
the container having a center of gravity and unconstrained movement relative to the mounting surface, the improvement comprising the step of directing the vibratory forces generated by the vibration generator along a linear path displaced from not only the central axis of the container but also from the center of gravity of the container, the linear path of vibratory forces passing on the side of the center of gravity removed from the central axis to cause points on the curved material supporting surface of the container to rotate along segments of circles, whereby each of the segments of the circles has a center located at a position displaced from the central axis and from the center of gravity on the other side of the central axis from the center of gravity so that the segments of the circles do not conform to the curvature of the curved material supporting surface.
24. The method of operating vibratory apparatus comprising a container with a center of gravity and having a material supporting surface, means mounting the container for vibratory movement, a vibration generator secured to the container, comprising the step of generating a vibratory force along a linear path extending on one side of the center of gravity of the container whereby each point on the material supporting surface will vibrate in paths lying on segments of circles having a common center at a point lying on a line normal to said linear path and passing through the center of gravity, the point being located on the other side of said center of gravity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000608203A CA1267885A (en) | 1984-12-21 | 1989-08-11 | Tumbling apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US68512184A | 1984-12-21 | 1984-12-21 | |
| US685,121 | 1984-12-21 | ||
| US77782185A | 1985-09-19 | 1985-09-19 | |
| US777,821 | 1985-09-19 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000608203A Division CA1267885A (en) | 1984-12-21 | 1989-08-11 | Tumbling apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1267886A true CA1267886A (en) | 1990-04-17 |
Family
ID=27103507
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000497100A Expired CA1267886A (en) | 1984-12-21 | 1985-12-06 | Tumbling apparatus |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0186357B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH067982B2 (en) |
| AU (2) | AU573928B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1267886A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3587147T3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK598585A (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4926601A (en) * | 1989-03-09 | 1990-05-22 | General Kinematics Corporation | Vibratory tumbling apparatus |
| US6237749B1 (en) | 1999-10-21 | 2001-05-29 | General Kinematics Corporation | Motor base for vibratory apparatus |
| CN100372748C (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2008-03-05 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院 | Tumbler for vibration baking pot |
| CN109926381A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-25 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of building aggregate desliming device |
| EP3795299A1 (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-03-24 | Haug Intelligente Poliersysteme GmbH | Vibratory finishing device and method |
| CN113477902B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2022-06-28 | 重庆市铜梁区渝良铸造有限公司 | A vibration shakeout machine for cylinder foundry goods |
| CN114029475B (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-12-05 | 张家港科杰机械装备有限公司 | Casting production line and casting process of cast iron shell |
| CN115056384B (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2023-06-23 | 昆山恒诚荣机械设备有限公司 | Plastic central feeding equipment |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1047993B (en) * | 1955-05-31 | 1958-12-31 | Amag Hilpert Pegnitzhuette A G | Spring-mounted device for cleaning workpieces, especially raw castings |
| CH551845A (en) * | 1972-05-31 | 1974-07-31 | Polyservice Ag | SLIP GRINDING - MACHINING PROCESS. |
| CA1011559A (en) * | 1974-04-04 | 1977-06-07 | Ultramatic Equipment Company | Vibratory finishing equipment |
| US4025419A (en) * | 1974-07-15 | 1977-05-24 | General Kinematics Corporation | Vibratory sand reclaiming apparatus |
| US4047343A (en) * | 1974-08-16 | 1977-09-13 | Geode Industries, Inc. | Method of vibratory polishing of stones and the like |
| DE2831688A1 (en) * | 1978-07-19 | 1980-02-07 | Wheelabrator Berger Maschf | Small workpiece transporter for shot blaster - has cylindrical-section conveyor channel with oscillating drive producing rotation of workpieces |
-
1985
- 1985-11-28 AU AU50480/85A patent/AU573928B2/en not_active Expired
- 1985-12-06 DE DE3587147T patent/DE3587147T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-12-06 EP EP19850308900 patent/EP0186357B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-12-06 CA CA000497100A patent/CA1267886A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-12-20 DK DK598585A patent/DK598585A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1988
- 1988-04-14 AU AU14651/88A patent/AU584011B2/en not_active Expired
-
1991
- 1991-03-08 JP JP6780591A patent/JPH067982B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU5048085A (en) | 1986-06-26 |
| AU573928B2 (en) | 1988-06-23 |
| DK598585D0 (en) | 1985-12-20 |
| EP0186357A2 (en) | 1986-07-02 |
| DE3587147T2 (en) | 1993-07-01 |
| DE3587147D1 (en) | 1993-04-08 |
| DK598585A (en) | 1986-06-22 |
| AU1465188A (en) | 1988-07-07 |
| JPH067982B2 (en) | 1994-02-02 |
| EP0186357A3 (en) | 1986-11-26 |
| DE3587147T3 (en) | 1998-03-05 |
| EP0186357B2 (en) | 1997-07-16 |
| AU584011B2 (en) | 1989-05-11 |
| JPH04220156A (en) | 1992-08-11 |
| EP0186357B1 (en) | 1993-03-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |