CA1262321A - Proximity fuse arrangement for a projectile - Google Patents
Proximity fuse arrangement for a projectileInfo
- Publication number
- CA1262321A CA1262321A CA000456492A CA456492A CA1262321A CA 1262321 A CA1262321 A CA 1262321A CA 000456492 A CA000456492 A CA 000456492A CA 456492 A CA456492 A CA 456492A CA 1262321 A CA1262321 A CA 1262321A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- proximity
- fuse
- projectile
- adaptor
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/28—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges operated by flow of fluent material, e.g. shot, fluids
- F42C15/31—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges operated by flow of fluent material, e.g. shot, fluids generated by the combustion of a pyrotechnic or explosive charge within the fuze
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
- F42C1/14—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact operating at a predetermined distance from ground or target by means of a protruding member
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C13/00—Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
- F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A detachable proximity fuse adaptor for use with the projectile having a percussion nose fuse. The adaptor contains a proximity sensor, its control circuit board and an electrical pressurized-gas capsule. Power for the proximity sensor is provided by an electrolyte battery which consists of a spaced electrode stack and an electrolyte container. When the projectile is fired the resulting forces move the electrode stack into the electrolyte container thereby providing the necessary power for the proximity sensor.
When the sensor detects a target it ignites the pressurized-gas capsule which, in turn, depresses the actuator member of the conventional proximity fuse on the projectile. This adaptor provides an economical solution to the problem of providing proximity fuses when required on projectiles by using projectiles already provided with less expensive percussion fuses.
A detachable proximity fuse adaptor for use with the projectile having a percussion nose fuse. The adaptor contains a proximity sensor, its control circuit board and an electrical pressurized-gas capsule. Power for the proximity sensor is provided by an electrolyte battery which consists of a spaced electrode stack and an electrolyte container. When the projectile is fired the resulting forces move the electrode stack into the electrolyte container thereby providing the necessary power for the proximity sensor.
When the sensor detects a target it ignites the pressurized-gas capsule which, in turn, depresses the actuator member of the conventional proximity fuse on the projectile. This adaptor provides an economical solution to the problem of providing proximity fuses when required on projectiles by using projectiles already provided with less expensive percussion fuses.
Description
This application relates to a detachable proxiMity fuse adaptor for use with a projectile equipped with a conventional percussion nose fuse.
Proximity fuses using electronic or optical sensing and having various safety features are well kno~"n. They are constructed as integrated fuse units and manufactured for use with trench mortar shells, artillery shells or rocket projectiles. Due to the expense of the electronic components such fuse units are significantly more expensive than conventional percussion nose fuses of a mechanical nature which do not provide proximity sensing. In proximity sensing in the range between 2 and 12 m there has been no economical alternative to such expensive proximity fuses.
The invention relates to a detachable proximity fuse adaptor for use with a projectile having a nose fuse actuated by impact of an actuator member on a target, comprising: a detachable housing, means securing the housing on the nose fuse, the housing containing a prox~mity sensor, an electrical fuse capsule, a control circuit and a source of electrical power connected to the control circuit; the electrical fuse capsule being located adjacent the actuator member whereby on detonation it actuates the actuator memberO
The invention has the advantage that a projectile with a conventional percussion nose fuse can be thus transformed into a proximity fuse projectile by attaching the adaptor in the field. The resulting assembly is economical in that the more ~xpensive electronic components are only used when necessary to obtain the proximi-ty function. The adaptor is short and of light ~eight so that the ballistics of the projectiles are not mg/ - l -3~.~
affected.
A detailed example of the proximity fuse adaptor of this invention will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawing which shows a longitudinal section of a projectile, such as a shell, having a percussion fuse and with the proximity fuse adaptor secured thereto.
The drawing shows a projectile body 10 containing a percussion nose fuse 11 of known type in which an actuator member 13 drives the firing pin into the detonator on impact on a target when it is not blocked by switching member 12.
The present invention relates to a detachable proximity Euse contained in an adaptor 20, the adaptor beinq mechanically connectea to the nose fuse 11 itself threadably attached to projectile 10. Proximity fuse adaptor 20 consists of a housing 21 containing, in order from top to bottom, a sensor 22, its electronic control circuit board 23, an electrode stack 25 with an upwardly extending terminal 2~ and housing 26 containing electrolyte, and a pressurized-gas capsule 27. The electrode stack 25 and the electroly-te housing 26 function as an electrolyte battery when the stack is immersed in the electrolyte. The pressurized-gas capsule functions as an electrical detonator when energized.
The base of the adaptor is attached to fuse 11 by three pins 28 equally spaced around the perimeter of the fuse which engage corresponding recesses 29 formed in the adaptor housing 21 to provide a bayonet-type fastening. This attachment holds a ring-shaped bearing surface 30 of housing 21 abutting on the curved surface of fuse ]1.
mg/ - 2 -`s ~ 3;2~-~
The section 31 of the housing, which includes the electrolyte container 26 and -the pressurized-gas capsule 27 is movable along the axis of housing 21 with the displacernent llmited by engagement of the ends of recess 32 with a pin 33 extending inwardly from the adaptor housing. A further ring-shaped bearing surface 35 provided on section 31 engages the head of fuse 11 when -the adaptor is connected to the projectile providing further support and ensuring that electrolyte container 26 is in proximity to electrode stack 25.
The operation of the proximity fuse adaptor is now set out. When the need for a proxim7ty fuse arises, for example in the field, adaptor 20 is attached to nose fuse 11 of a projectile 10 by means of the bayonet-type fastening.
On firing of the projectile, the electrode stack 25 is forced towards electrolyte housing 26 and, when a predetermined force is exceeded, breaks the lld of the housing and immerses the electrodes in the electrolyteO Thus, the battery is activated.
A gasket ~4 is provided to ensure that the electrolyte does not flow into the space previously occupied by the electrode stack. Thus, after a cer-tain time voltage is applied to energize circuit board 23 and proximity detector 22. The connection to these elements is provided from terminal 24 and a suitably isolated contact ring. Such proximity sensors are shown in German Patent Publications 2,608,066, 2,456,162 and 2,949,521. When the projectile reaches a predetermined distance from the target this is sensed by detector 22 and pressurized-gas capsule 27 ignited via terminal pairs 41,42 and 43,44. This, in turn, depresses the actuator member 13 of the nose fuse thereby actuating the firing pin 14.
mg/ - 3 -The feature that section 31 is movable in adaptor housing 21 ensures safety during handling and transportation.
That is, electrolyte housing 26 resists downward movement of electrode stack 25 only after the electrode assembly has been assembled on the nose fuse of a shell. Even once it is in this position sufficient force to rupture diaphragm 36 is still necessary before the battery is activated.
Thus, there has been described a detachable proximity fuse adaptor which can be used with a projectile having a conventional percussion nose fuse.
mg/ - 4 -
Proximity fuses using electronic or optical sensing and having various safety features are well kno~"n. They are constructed as integrated fuse units and manufactured for use with trench mortar shells, artillery shells or rocket projectiles. Due to the expense of the electronic components such fuse units are significantly more expensive than conventional percussion nose fuses of a mechanical nature which do not provide proximity sensing. In proximity sensing in the range between 2 and 12 m there has been no economical alternative to such expensive proximity fuses.
The invention relates to a detachable proximity fuse adaptor for use with a projectile having a nose fuse actuated by impact of an actuator member on a target, comprising: a detachable housing, means securing the housing on the nose fuse, the housing containing a prox~mity sensor, an electrical fuse capsule, a control circuit and a source of electrical power connected to the control circuit; the electrical fuse capsule being located adjacent the actuator member whereby on detonation it actuates the actuator memberO
The invention has the advantage that a projectile with a conventional percussion nose fuse can be thus transformed into a proximity fuse projectile by attaching the adaptor in the field. The resulting assembly is economical in that the more ~xpensive electronic components are only used when necessary to obtain the proximi-ty function. The adaptor is short and of light ~eight so that the ballistics of the projectiles are not mg/ - l -3~.~
affected.
A detailed example of the proximity fuse adaptor of this invention will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawing which shows a longitudinal section of a projectile, such as a shell, having a percussion fuse and with the proximity fuse adaptor secured thereto.
The drawing shows a projectile body 10 containing a percussion nose fuse 11 of known type in which an actuator member 13 drives the firing pin into the detonator on impact on a target when it is not blocked by switching member 12.
The present invention relates to a detachable proximity Euse contained in an adaptor 20, the adaptor beinq mechanically connectea to the nose fuse 11 itself threadably attached to projectile 10. Proximity fuse adaptor 20 consists of a housing 21 containing, in order from top to bottom, a sensor 22, its electronic control circuit board 23, an electrode stack 25 with an upwardly extending terminal 2~ and housing 26 containing electrolyte, and a pressurized-gas capsule 27. The electrode stack 25 and the electroly-te housing 26 function as an electrolyte battery when the stack is immersed in the electrolyte. The pressurized-gas capsule functions as an electrical detonator when energized.
The base of the adaptor is attached to fuse 11 by three pins 28 equally spaced around the perimeter of the fuse which engage corresponding recesses 29 formed in the adaptor housing 21 to provide a bayonet-type fastening. This attachment holds a ring-shaped bearing surface 30 of housing 21 abutting on the curved surface of fuse ]1.
mg/ - 2 -`s ~ 3;2~-~
The section 31 of the housing, which includes the electrolyte container 26 and -the pressurized-gas capsule 27 is movable along the axis of housing 21 with the displacernent llmited by engagement of the ends of recess 32 with a pin 33 extending inwardly from the adaptor housing. A further ring-shaped bearing surface 35 provided on section 31 engages the head of fuse 11 when -the adaptor is connected to the projectile providing further support and ensuring that electrolyte container 26 is in proximity to electrode stack 25.
The operation of the proximity fuse adaptor is now set out. When the need for a proxim7ty fuse arises, for example in the field, adaptor 20 is attached to nose fuse 11 of a projectile 10 by means of the bayonet-type fastening.
On firing of the projectile, the electrode stack 25 is forced towards electrolyte housing 26 and, when a predetermined force is exceeded, breaks the lld of the housing and immerses the electrodes in the electrolyteO Thus, the battery is activated.
A gasket ~4 is provided to ensure that the electrolyte does not flow into the space previously occupied by the electrode stack. Thus, after a cer-tain time voltage is applied to energize circuit board 23 and proximity detector 22. The connection to these elements is provided from terminal 24 and a suitably isolated contact ring. Such proximity sensors are shown in German Patent Publications 2,608,066, 2,456,162 and 2,949,521. When the projectile reaches a predetermined distance from the target this is sensed by detector 22 and pressurized-gas capsule 27 ignited via terminal pairs 41,42 and 43,44. This, in turn, depresses the actuator member 13 of the nose fuse thereby actuating the firing pin 14.
mg/ - 3 -The feature that section 31 is movable in adaptor housing 21 ensures safety during handling and transportation.
That is, electrolyte housing 26 resists downward movement of electrode stack 25 only after the electrode assembly has been assembled on the nose fuse of a shell. Even once it is in this position sufficient force to rupture diaphragm 36 is still necessary before the battery is activated.
Thus, there has been described a detachable proximity fuse adaptor which can be used with a projectile having a conventional percussion nose fuse.
mg/ - 4 -
Claims (3)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A detachable proximity fuse adaptor for use with a projectile (10) having a nose fuse (11) actuated by impact of an actuator member (13) on a target, comprising:
a detachable housing (21);
means securing said housing (21) on said nose fuse (11);
said housing containing: a proximity sensor (22) for sensing the proximity of a target, a control circuit (23) actuated by said proximity sensor (22) in the proximity of a target, an electrolyte battery (25,26) connected to said control circuit (23);
a pressurised gas capsule (27) actuated by said control circuit (23) in the proximity of a target;
said pressurised gas capsule (27) being located adjacent said actuator member (13), whereby on detonation it actuates said actuator member (13).
a detachable housing (21);
means securing said housing (21) on said nose fuse (11);
said housing containing: a proximity sensor (22) for sensing the proximity of a target, a control circuit (23) actuated by said proximity sensor (22) in the proximity of a target, an electrolyte battery (25,26) connected to said control circuit (23);
a pressurised gas capsule (27) actuated by said control circuit (23) in the proximity of a target;
said pressurised gas capsule (27) being located adjacent said actuator member (13), whereby on detonation it actuates said actuator member (13).
2. A proximity fuse adaptor according to claim 1 wherein said electrolyte battery has an electrode stack and an electrolyte housing, the electrode stack being immersed in the electrolyte only on the firing of the projectile.
3. A proximity fuse adaptor according to claim 2, wherein the section of the detachable housing containing the electrolyte housing has limited displacement along the axis of the adaptor.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH3448/83-8 | 1983-06-24 | ||
| CH344883 | 1983-06-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1262321A true CA1262321A (en) | 1989-10-17 |
Family
ID=4256165
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000456492A Expired CA1262321A (en) | 1983-06-24 | 1984-06-13 | Proximity fuse arrangement for a projectile |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0129679B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1262321A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3463295D1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO158196C (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4831932A (en) * | 1987-08-17 | 1989-05-23 | Honeywell Inc. | Detonator |
| CN105352376B (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-07-28 | 北京航天长征飞行器研究所 | A kind of small-sized anti high overload butt switch |
| DE102021123375A1 (en) | 2021-09-09 | 2023-03-09 | Rwm Schweiz Ag | Ignition device for ammunition, in particular medium-caliber ammunition, and associated method for detonating or self-destructing ammunition, in particular medium-caliber ammunition |
| DE102022106883A1 (en) | 2022-03-23 | 2023-09-28 | Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag | Fuse unit for a detonator, use of the fuse unit and method for activating a detonator with this fuse unit |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3124073A (en) * | 1964-03-10 | Proximity fuse | ||
| NL22029C (en) * | 1923-08-16 | |||
| US3877378A (en) * | 1954-09-28 | 1975-04-15 | Us Army | Safety and arming mechanism |
| DE1935392A1 (en) * | 1969-07-11 | 1971-01-14 | Schaberger & Co Gmbh Josef | Ground clearance fuse, especially for wing-stabilized projectiles |
| NO140947C (en) * | 1977-12-21 | 1979-12-12 | Kongsberg Vapenfab As | COMBINATION STANDS FOR MISSILES. |
| DE2829001C2 (en) * | 1978-07-01 | 1983-09-22 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München | Warhead with a main active body and one or more secondary active bodies |
-
1984
- 1984-05-07 EP EP84105153A patent/EP0129679B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-05-07 DE DE8484105153T patent/DE3463295D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-05-09 DE DE19848414161 patent/DE8414161U1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-06-06 NO NO842278A patent/NO158196C/en unknown
- 1984-06-13 CA CA000456492A patent/CA1262321A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE8414161U1 (en) | 1984-08-30 |
| NO158196B (en) | 1988-04-18 |
| NO842278L (en) | 1984-12-27 |
| NO158196C (en) | 1988-07-27 |
| EP0129679A1 (en) | 1985-01-02 |
| DE3463295D1 (en) | 1987-05-27 |
| EP0129679B1 (en) | 1987-04-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5485788A (en) | Combination explosive primer and electro-explosive device | |
| US4421030A (en) | In-line fuze concept for antiarmor tactical warheads | |
| EP2473817B1 (en) | Compact and low volume mechanical igniter and ignition systems for thermal batteries and the like | |
| US4046076A (en) | Impulsive rocket motor safety-arming device | |
| CA1262321A (en) | Proximity fuse arrangement for a projectile | |
| US4155285A (en) | Mortars for firing smoke candles and explosive shells | |
| USH1603H (en) | Flare with safe-and-arm ignition system | |
| US3086468A (en) | Angle sensitive switch | |
| US4637311A (en) | Method of, and apparatus for, increasing the energy in an electromagnetic fuze system | |
| GB2089947A (en) | A fuze having a detonator | |
| GB2026656A (en) | Device actuated electrically to trigger a mechanical percussion detonator | |
| US4164186A (en) | Submarine signal fuze | |
| US5252796A (en) | Signal tube operated switches | |
| US5259315A (en) | Non-electrical detonator | |
| AU2010207934B2 (en) | Cartridge for breaking rock | |
| US5396845A (en) | Modular fuze | |
| CZ2002775A3 (en) | Detonating fuse | |
| EP0126585B1 (en) | Pyrotechnic or explosive device having electric ignition | |
| EP0318515B1 (en) | Submarine flare | |
| WO1999006787A1 (en) | Acceleration/deceleration sensing switch for munitions | |
| US3641938A (en) | Percussion or vibration fuse for explosive charge | |
| JP4541747B2 (en) | Gas pressure switch | |
| US3641936A (en) | Composite shell with ceramic base | |
| US4138946A (en) | Ignition voltage generator for projectile detonators and the like | |
| US3207075A (en) | Out-of-line rocket igniter |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |