CA1258398A

CA1258398A - Natural (passive) ventilation and sensible and latent heat and humidity ratio recovery unit, vdt type

Info

Publication number: CA1258398A
Application number: CA000574226A
Authority: CA
Inventors: William Talalayevsky (Vilen); Lidia Talalayevsky; Alexander Talalayevsky; V. David Talalayevsky
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1988-08-09
Filing date: 1988-08-09
Publication date: 1989-08-15

Abstract

In ventilation and heat and humidity recovery of indoor environment of a structure, placed on a surface, placed partially above a surface and partially below a surface, placed in a subsurface, it is known to use mechanical systems where supply and exhaust air are moved by fans or fan. This invention offers a unit for natural (passive) ventilation and sensible and latent heat and humidity ratio recovery of indoor environment of an air tight structure, placed on a surface, placed partially above a surface and partially below a surface, placed in a subsurface, by using one duct for supply and exhaust air.

Description

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S P E C I F I C A T I ~ N

This invention relates to a ventilation o~ indoor environment of air tight structures (structures that have about one and a half or less air changes per hour with the pressure difference between inside and outside of the structure 50 Pa).
It is common to employ mechanical ventilation and heat recovery units to provide ventilation and heak and humidity ratio recovery of indoor environment of air in a structure. The above methods require using electrical energy, mechanisms and maintenance expenses.
We have ~ound thak these disadvantages may be overcome by employing natural (passive) forces which can move air in and out of the structure without using energy and mechanisms.
In drawings which illustrate embodiments of the invention, Figure 1 is a schematic of the installation of the unit: Figure 2 is a schematic of the air moving within the unit. ~s we have discovered, in an air tight structure (11) air moves inside of the unit (12) in two opposite directions (as indicated of Figures 1 and

2) in case when there is a pressure and /or temperature difference between inside and outside of the structure. There is a mixing zone 18 (Figure 2) inside of the unit where the moving airs interchange sensible and latent heat and humidity ratio. The unit is a ductwork system which works as air changing device and sensible and latent heat and humidity ratio exchanger. A
reflecting plate or rain cap (14) protects the unit opening from direct affect of outside wind force when it is applicable.
When the temperature and humidity differences between inside and outside of the structure are big enough to create thermal and/or condensation problems, the proper insulation (15) is used and drain provision (16) provided at the lowest point of the unit.
When an air distribution required, the proper grille (13) is used.
The diameter of the unit is selected depending upon design conditions.

9f~ 3 This unit can be used for air changing and total heat and humidity ratio exchange in any air tight skructure when there is a pressure and /or temperature ~ifference between the inside and the outside of the structure.

Claims

The embodiment of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:

A ventilation and heat and humidity ratio recovery unit for an air tight structure which includes a ceiling, a roof and a floor, said structure can be placed on a surface,partially above a surface and partially below a surface or in a subsurface, said unit comprising a duct having an opening near the ceiling (inside opening) and opening above the roof (outside opening), said duct extending downward from the outside opening, the duck passing downward through the roof in a sealed manner, the duct dropping downward through the enclosure within the air tight structure, making a loop and then rising upwardly and terminating adjacent to the ceiling and said inside opening, the duct conducting a central core of inflow air in the inside opening direction and an outer annulus of outflow air in the outside opening direction or vice versa with an intermediate zone therebetween for mixing of the inflow air with the outflow air.

The unit of claim 1 wherein the air tight structure can have more than one ceiling, more than one floor, more than one inside opening and more than one duct branch from said rising upwardly duct after and before the loop.

The unit of claim 1, 2 wherein the lowest point of the loop comprising a drain provision.

The unit of claim 1, 2 wherein the opening(s) near the ceiling(s) is (are) in a vertical plane and is (are) covered by a grille(s).

The unit of claim 1,2 wherein the outside opening is in horizontal plane and a reflecting plate or rain cap is located thereabove in a horizontal plane.

The unit of claim 1,2,3 wherein the duct(s) is (are) insulated.