CA1255245A - Process for the manufacture of coke granulates as a carburizing agent - Google Patents
Process for the manufacture of coke granulates as a carburizing agentInfo
- Publication number
- CA1255245A CA1255245A CA000489728A CA489728A CA1255245A CA 1255245 A CA1255245 A CA 1255245A CA 000489728 A CA000489728 A CA 000489728A CA 489728 A CA489728 A CA 489728A CA 1255245 A CA1255245 A CA 1255245A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- peat
- granulates
- process according
- raw
- coking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10F—DRYING OR WORKING-UP OF PEAT
- C10F5/00—Drying or de-watering peat
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/336—Preparation characterised by gaseous activating agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
- C10L5/08—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting without the aid of extraneous binders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0066—Preliminary conditioning of the solid carbonaceous reductant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0025—Adding carbon material
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The invention relates to a process for producing coke granulates useful as a carburizing agent by treatment of raw peat material under high pressure followed by coking.
The process of the invention is characterized in that use is made of a raw material peat, in its natural water saturated state, without the addition of dry peat or any other substance, and from which so much water is extracted that it has less than about 30% of its original moisture content remaining. The invention enables to produce a fine grained uniform granulate.
The invention relates to a process for producing coke granulates useful as a carburizing agent by treatment of raw peat material under high pressure followed by coking.
The process of the invention is characterized in that use is made of a raw material peat, in its natural water saturated state, without the addition of dry peat or any other substance, and from which so much water is extracted that it has less than about 30% of its original moisture content remaining. The invention enables to produce a fine grained uniform granulate.
Description
~2S5~'~5 The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of coke granulates useful as a carburizing agent.
up to now the method for turning peat into coke or a carburizing agent has been based on the procedure of taking a raw material which has been dug out or pressed into sods and laid out wet to dry in the field in order that over a period of many months the sods may be dried by the sun and wind.
Quite apart from the dependancy on the uncertainty of the weather conditions, -this process requires a large expendi-ture for the preparation of the peat moor and its mainten-ance, digging operations over a large area, the employrnent of expensive machinery and extensive personnel.
In order to avoid the costly work in the field, it has been proposed to use the peat in its natural wet state with a view to transforming it either into fuel or metallur-gical coke. In such a process which utilizes peat in its natural wet state -to produce fuel, the structural Eorrn and the relative dryness of the peat is not important. As is stated in German Patent No. 532,87~ the well known method of producing fuel from wet peat consists in first aclding to the wet peat hydrophobic peat with a 12% res1clual rnoisture content :in a ratio of l:l~0~. The rnixture :i5 then pressed toyether to give a final residual moisture content o~ 51.5%.
The product so ohtained is not suitable for the production of granulates for coking because it is a mixture of wet and hydrophobic peat. ~uring the necessary drying processes the hydrophobic parts of the peat behave differently to that of the peat parts with 65 - 70% residual moisture content so that they cannot forrn a stable granulate.
It has also been suggested to use raw wet peat for a different produc-tion purpose. German Patent No.
1,671,382 deals with the manufacture of moulded coke from raw peat for the metallurgical working of ores, and it is therefore similar to large coarse metallurgical coke. The basic idea is when the surface moisture and fibres have been removed the peat with a residual moisture content of 82% is formed into blocks using no pressure.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a process for producing coke granulates useful as a coking or carburizing agent.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for producing coke granulates use-ful as a carburizing agent by treatment of raw peat material under high pressure followed by coking. The process of the in-vention is characterized in that use is made of a raw material peat, in its natural water saturated state, without the addition of dry peat or any other substance, and from which so much water is extracted that it has less than about 30% of its original rnoisture content remaining.
Preferably, all of the peat material, without the extraction o~ its fibres or milling, is formed into granulates under high pressure.
It is important to realize that in the process of the invention all the peat particles are treated in a similar way, have a sirnilar structure, moisture content and that they are not a mixture of several unhornogeneous parts.
'rhe end product of the process is not metallurgical coke, but a carburizing agent that can replace the graphite used up until now. Further activated carbon may be produced from the carburizing agent.
In the process according to the invention, the raw ~i5~5 peat ma-terial, without any fibre removal, is dehydrated far more than in other alternative methods~ The raw wet peat is reduced to a residual moisture content of less than about 30% and the addition of dry peat or any other sub-stance is dispensed with in this case.
The formation of the granulates is achieved using high pressure and it dif~ers in its characteristics of material content, size and residual moisture content from the other products. Whereas the inclusion of the fibre content in this process makes a form-stable small granulate possible, so has the inclusion oE the original material in the dehydration process the desired ef-fect of removing the resin and gel contents, in the pressed-out water, which would have hindered the envisaged end-product.
In the process according to the invention, using raw wet peat, a fine-grained uniform granulate is produced that can serve after coking as a carburizing agent and, by further treatment, transformed into active carbon.
, According to a preEerred embodiment of the inven-tion, raw wet peat is fed into a press and there, without additions of any substances, it :is reduced to a residua].
moisture content of about 25%. The thus mechanically de-hydrated peat, a]most completel~ Eree o-f resin and gels, is pressed in a high-pressure press into a granulate that has a particle size of about 20 mm or less. It is not in-tended to mill the pressed material. If need be, a defibrator machine can separate the fibre bundles out into single fibres without greatly increasing the mill-grade. Normally the pressed-out material would be made straight into granulate and the defibrator stage could be left out. The pressed-out granulate is then subjected to a short-term drying, such ~ss~
as in the fluid column of a hot air drier, and thereafter passed into a coking oven in order to be turned into coke granulate at a -temperature of 850C - 950~C.
The coke granulate thus obtained can then be turned into active carbon in a special stage with the addition of steam and other relevant substances.
up to now the method for turning peat into coke or a carburizing agent has been based on the procedure of taking a raw material which has been dug out or pressed into sods and laid out wet to dry in the field in order that over a period of many months the sods may be dried by the sun and wind.
Quite apart from the dependancy on the uncertainty of the weather conditions, -this process requires a large expendi-ture for the preparation of the peat moor and its mainten-ance, digging operations over a large area, the employrnent of expensive machinery and extensive personnel.
In order to avoid the costly work in the field, it has been proposed to use the peat in its natural wet state with a view to transforming it either into fuel or metallur-gical coke. In such a process which utilizes peat in its natural wet state -to produce fuel, the structural Eorrn and the relative dryness of the peat is not important. As is stated in German Patent No. 532,87~ the well known method of producing fuel from wet peat consists in first aclding to the wet peat hydrophobic peat with a 12% res1clual rnoisture content :in a ratio of l:l~0~. The rnixture :i5 then pressed toyether to give a final residual moisture content o~ 51.5%.
The product so ohtained is not suitable for the production of granulates for coking because it is a mixture of wet and hydrophobic peat. ~uring the necessary drying processes the hydrophobic parts of the peat behave differently to that of the peat parts with 65 - 70% residual moisture content so that they cannot forrn a stable granulate.
It has also been suggested to use raw wet peat for a different produc-tion purpose. German Patent No.
1,671,382 deals with the manufacture of moulded coke from raw peat for the metallurgical working of ores, and it is therefore similar to large coarse metallurgical coke. The basic idea is when the surface moisture and fibres have been removed the peat with a residual moisture content of 82% is formed into blocks using no pressure.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a process for producing coke granulates useful as a coking or carburizing agent.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a process for producing coke granulates use-ful as a carburizing agent by treatment of raw peat material under high pressure followed by coking. The process of the in-vention is characterized in that use is made of a raw material peat, in its natural water saturated state, without the addition of dry peat or any other substance, and from which so much water is extracted that it has less than about 30% of its original rnoisture content remaining.
Preferably, all of the peat material, without the extraction o~ its fibres or milling, is formed into granulates under high pressure.
It is important to realize that in the process of the invention all the peat particles are treated in a similar way, have a sirnilar structure, moisture content and that they are not a mixture of several unhornogeneous parts.
'rhe end product of the process is not metallurgical coke, but a carburizing agent that can replace the graphite used up until now. Further activated carbon may be produced from the carburizing agent.
In the process according to the invention, the raw ~i5~5 peat ma-terial, without any fibre removal, is dehydrated far more than in other alternative methods~ The raw wet peat is reduced to a residual moisture content of less than about 30% and the addition of dry peat or any other sub-stance is dispensed with in this case.
The formation of the granulates is achieved using high pressure and it dif~ers in its characteristics of material content, size and residual moisture content from the other products. Whereas the inclusion of the fibre content in this process makes a form-stable small granulate possible, so has the inclusion oE the original material in the dehydration process the desired ef-fect of removing the resin and gel contents, in the pressed-out water, which would have hindered the envisaged end-product.
In the process according to the invention, using raw wet peat, a fine-grained uniform granulate is produced that can serve after coking as a carburizing agent and, by further treatment, transformed into active carbon.
, According to a preEerred embodiment of the inven-tion, raw wet peat is fed into a press and there, without additions of any substances, it :is reduced to a residua].
moisture content of about 25%. The thus mechanically de-hydrated peat, a]most completel~ Eree o-f resin and gels, is pressed in a high-pressure press into a granulate that has a particle size of about 20 mm or less. It is not in-tended to mill the pressed material. If need be, a defibrator machine can separate the fibre bundles out into single fibres without greatly increasing the mill-grade. Normally the pressed-out material would be made straight into granulate and the defibrator stage could be left out. The pressed-out granulate is then subjected to a short-term drying, such ~ss~
as in the fluid column of a hot air drier, and thereafter passed into a coking oven in order to be turned into coke granulate at a -temperature of 850C - 950~C.
The coke granulate thus obtained can then be turned into active carbon in a special stage with the addition of steam and other relevant substances.
Claims (8)
1. A process for producing coke granulates useful as a carburizing agent by treatment of raw peat material under high pressure, followed by coking, characterized in that use is made of a raw material peat, in its natural water saturated state, without the addition of dry peat or any other substance, and from which so much water is extracted that it has less than about 30% of its original moisture content remaining.
2. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the peat material is dehydrated to provide a residual moisture content of about 25%.
3. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that all of the peat material, without any removal of its fibrous content or milling, is pressed under high pressure to form granulates.
4. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the peat material is defibrated in a defibrator machine which separates the fibres out without any appreciable in-crease in the degree of grinding, thereby preventing fibre bunching.
5. A process according to claim 3, characterized in that the peat material is formed into granulates having a particle size of about 20 mm or less.
6. A process according to claim 3, characterized in that the granulates are subjected to a short term drying in a fluid column of a hot air drier.
7. A process according to claim 6, characterized in that the dried pressed-out granulates are coked at a tempera-ture between 850°C - 950°C.
8. A process according to claim 7, characterized in that after coking the granulates are treated with steam.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3442202.1 | 1984-11-19 | ||
| DE19843442202 DE3442202A1 (en) | 1984-11-19 | 1984-11-19 | Process for producing granulated coke as a carburising agent |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1255245A true CA1255245A (en) | 1989-06-06 |
Family
ID=6250644
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000489728A Expired CA1255245A (en) | 1984-11-19 | 1985-08-30 | Process for the manufacture of coke granulates as a carburizing agent |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1255245A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3442202A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2470984C1 (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2012-12-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный университет" | Modular technological complex of peat digging and production of agglomerated fuel |
| RU2512210C2 (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2014-04-10 | Министерство образования науки Российской Федерации Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Уральский государственный горный университет" (ФГБОУ ВПО "УГГУ") | Method for production of products and generation of heat and electric energy from peat |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1671382B2 (en) * | 1966-09-29 | 1974-10-03 | Karl Chilliwack Fischer (Kanada) | Process for the production of shaped cokes from raw peat excretion from: 1261472 |
| US3758385A (en) * | 1970-12-03 | 1973-09-11 | Fischer Holdings | Process for coking lignitic coal |
-
1984
- 1984-11-19 DE DE19843442202 patent/DE3442202A1/en active Granted
-
1985
- 1985-08-30 CA CA000489728A patent/CA1255245A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3442202C2 (en) | 1988-04-14 |
| DE3442202A1 (en) | 1986-05-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |