CA1254855A - Low energy aluminum reduction cell with induced bath flow - Google Patents
Low energy aluminum reduction cell with induced bath flowInfo
- Publication number
- CA1254855A CA1254855A CA000447259A CA447259A CA1254855A CA 1254855 A CA1254855 A CA 1254855A CA 000447259 A CA000447259 A CA 000447259A CA 447259 A CA447259 A CA 447259A CA 1254855 A CA1254855 A CA 1254855A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- cell
- anode
- channel
- bath
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims description 29
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910007948 ZrB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910026551 ZrC Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- OTCHGXYCWNXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Zr] Chemical compound [C].[Zr] OTCHGXYCWNXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VWZIXVXBCBBRGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;zirconium Chemical compound B#[Zr]#B VWZIXVXBCBBRGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 52
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000272470 Circus Species 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000023514 Barrett esophagus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101100087530 Caenorhabditis elegans rom-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100305983 Mus musculus Rom1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001602876 Nata Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036755 cellular response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005288 electromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001512 metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009828 non-uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940086255 perform Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009291 secondary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002311 subsequent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 which is drawn off Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US46757083A | 1983-02-17 | 1983-02-17 | |
| US467,570 | 1983-02-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1254855A true CA1254855A (en) | 1989-05-30 |
Family
ID=23856249
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000447259A Expired CA1254855A (en) | 1983-02-17 | 1984-02-13 | Low energy aluminum reduction cell with induced bath flow |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0135535B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS60500541A (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU578410B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR8405353A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1254855A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE3468238D1 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES529828A0 (enExample) |
| IS (1) | IS1296B6 (enExample) |
| NZ (1) | NZ207174A (enExample) |
| SU (1) | SU1542420A3 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO1984003308A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69008410D1 (de) * | 1989-02-20 | 1994-06-01 | Comalco Alu | Zelle zur schmelzflusselektrolytischen Gewinnung von Aluminium. |
| CA2318893A1 (en) * | 1998-02-11 | 1999-08-19 | Moltech Invent S.A. | Drained cathode aluminium electrowinning cell with improved alumina distribution |
| RU2239004C1 (ru) * | 2003-07-08 | 2004-10-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "Всероссийский алюминиево-магниевый институт" | Катодное устройство алюминиевого электролизера |
| RU2245397C1 (ru) * | 2003-07-08 | 2005-01-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "ВСЕРОССИЙСКИЙ АЛЮМИНИЕВО-МАГНИЕВЫЙ ИНСТИТУТ" ОАО "ВАМИ" | Устройство катодное алюминиевого электролизера |
| JP4830275B2 (ja) * | 2004-07-22 | 2011-12-07 | ソニー株式会社 | 記憶素子 |
| CA2919332A1 (fr) * | 2013-08-09 | 2015-02-12 | Rio Tinto Alcan International Limited | Cuve d'electrolyse a plancher crenele |
| WO2018019910A1 (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2018-02-01 | Sgl Cfl Ce Gmbh | Cathode assembly for the production of aluminum |
| JP7076296B2 (ja) * | 2018-06-19 | 2022-05-27 | 東邦チタニウム株式会社 | 溶融金属の製造方法および、溶融塩電解槽 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3582483A (en) * | 1962-06-29 | 1971-06-01 | Elektrokemisk As | Process for electrolytically producing aluminum |
| US4093524A (en) * | 1976-12-10 | 1978-06-06 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Bonding of refractory hard metal |
| FR2409326A1 (fr) * | 1977-11-18 | 1979-06-15 | Nippon Light Metal Co | Cellule d'electrolyse d'aluminium |
| US4333813A (en) * | 1980-03-03 | 1982-06-08 | Reynolds Metals Company | Cathodes for alumina reduction cells |
| GB2084864A (en) * | 1980-10-06 | 1982-04-21 | Brookes Nigel Terence | Visor wiper |
| US4341611A (en) * | 1980-12-18 | 1982-07-27 | Reynolds Metals Company | Alumina reduction cell |
| AU2713684A (en) * | 1983-04-26 | 1984-11-01 | Aluminium Company Of America | Electrolytic cell |
-
1984
- 1984-01-20 AU AU24929/84A patent/AU578410B2/en not_active Expired
- 1984-01-20 JP JP59500833A patent/JPS60500541A/ja active Granted
- 1984-01-20 BR BR8405353A patent/BR8405353A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-01-20 WO PCT/US1984/000075 patent/WO1984003308A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1984-01-20 EP EP84900797A patent/EP0135535B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-01-20 DE DE8484900797T patent/DE3468238D1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-02-09 IS IS2881A patent/IS1296B6/is unknown
- 1984-02-13 CA CA000447259A patent/CA1254855A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-02-16 NZ NZ207174A patent/NZ207174A/en unknown
- 1984-02-17 ES ES529828A patent/ES529828A0/es active Granted
- 1984-10-16 SU SU843806469A patent/SU1542420A3/ru active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IS2881A7 (is) | 1984-08-18 |
| ES8501809A1 (es) | 1984-12-01 |
| BR8405353A (pt) | 1985-02-12 |
| WO1984003308A1 (en) | 1984-08-30 |
| SU1542420A3 (ru) | 1990-02-07 |
| JPH0310715B2 (enExample) | 1991-02-14 |
| AU578410B2 (en) | 1988-10-27 |
| EP0135535A1 (en) | 1985-04-03 |
| DE3468238D1 (en) | 1988-02-04 |
| JPS60500541A (ja) | 1985-04-18 |
| EP0135535B1 (en) | 1987-12-23 |
| NZ207174A (en) | 1987-03-31 |
| AU2492984A (en) | 1984-09-10 |
| IS1296B6 (is) | 1987-07-07 |
| ES529828A0 (es) | 1984-12-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4602990A (en) | Low energy aluminum reduction cell with induced bath flow | |
| AU2002236366B2 (en) | A method and an electrowinning cell for production of metal | |
| EP0560814B1 (en) | Electrode assemblies and multimonopolar cells for aluminium electrowinning | |
| CA1254855A (en) | Low energy aluminum reduction cell with induced bath flow | |
| US4376690A (en) | Cathode for a cell for fused salt electrolysis | |
| CA1140494A (en) | Cathode for a reduction pot for the electrolysis of a molten charge | |
| EP1190116B1 (en) | Molten salt bath circulation design for an electrolytic cell | |
| CA2696635C (en) | Process for the operation of copper electrolysis cells | |
| CA1337059C (en) | Electrolytic cell for recovery of metal | |
| CA1140495A (en) | Apparatus for the electrolytic recovery of metal | |
| CA1072055A (en) | Electrolytic cell and circulating method for electrolyte | |
| AU2002321778B2 (en) | Aluminium electrowinning cells with inclined cathodes | |
| NZ505730A (en) | Drained cathode aluminium electrowinning cell having v-shaped sloped anode faces that cover recessed grooves or channels along the cathode faces | |
| US20060102490A1 (en) | Utilisation of oxygen evolving anode for hall-heroult cells and design thereof | |
| EP0393816B1 (en) | Cell for the electrolytic production of aluminium in a molten bath | |
| Dorward | Energy consumption of aluminium smelting cells containing solid wetted cathodes | |
| EP1448810B1 (en) | Alloy-based anode structures for aluminium production | |
| EP1185724B1 (en) | Aluminium electrowinning cells having a v-shaped cathode bottom | |
| RU2094536C1 (ru) | Бездиафрагменный электролизер для получения магния и хлора | |
| US4462885A (en) | Conductor arrangement of electrolytic cells for producing aluminum | |
| KR880000706B1 (ko) | 전해환원조 | |
| RU2482224C2 (ru) | Катодное устройство алюминиевого электролизера с рельефной подиной | |
| Phillips | The interaction of design and operation for optimized aluminum reduction | |
| JPS6053117B2 (ja) | 銅電解操業法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |