CA1246587A - Process for the preparation of isocyanates - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of isocyanatesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1246587A CA1246587A CA000476613A CA476613A CA1246587A CA 1246587 A CA1246587 A CA 1246587A CA 000476613 A CA000476613 A CA 000476613A CA 476613 A CA476613 A CA 476613A CA 1246587 A CA1246587 A CA 1246587A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- halogeno
- alkyl
- phenyl
- alkoxycarbonyl
- alkylthio
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 title description 3
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZLRPUYUSSIQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-isocyanato-1,2,5-oxadiazole Chemical compound O=C=NC=1C=NON=1 ZLRPUYUSSIQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- -1 cyano, nitro, methyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000460 chlorine Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical group [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical group BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003356 phenylsulfanyl group Chemical group [*]SC1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000229 (C1-C4)alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001160 methoxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000041 C6-C10 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 5
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004400 (C1-C12) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006700 (C1-C6) alkylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003754 ethoxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC)* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013350 formula milk Nutrition 0.000 description 36
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 235000019000 fluorine Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 229940060037 fluorine Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FHCJOYKCXKIZPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-isocyanato-4-phenyl-1,2,5-oxadiazole Chemical compound O=C=NC1=NON=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 FHCJOYKCXKIZPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001261 isocyanato group Chemical group *N=C=O 0.000 description 4
- 239000012258 stirred mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- NLZPHDGMXHOAHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(4-phenyl-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)urea Chemical compound N=1ON=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1NC(=O)NC1=NON=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 NLZPHDGMXHOAHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical class [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000895 acaricidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- DJXJARQPGKYVNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoromethanolate Chemical group [O-]C(F)(F)F DJXJARQPGKYVNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NSMXQKNUPPXBRG-SECBINFHSA-N (R)-lisofylline Chemical compound O=C1N(CCCC[C@H](O)C)C(=O)N(C)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 NSMXQKNUPPXBRG-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOYBLZGEIIBUTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-amine Chemical class NC=1C=NON=1 AOYBLZGEIIBUTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPAYPLRVXKKPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-(4-phenyl-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)urea Chemical compound CCCCNC(=O)NC1=NON=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 QPAYPLRVXKKPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWCMMBOAWSKZHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenyl-3-(4-phenyl-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)urea Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)NC1=NON=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 PWCMMBOAWSKZHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APGIIVSHRRCAPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyl-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=NON=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 APGIIVSHRRCAPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZKSXHQDXQKIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N F[C](F)F Chemical group F[C](F)F WZKSXHQDXQKIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219833 Phaseolus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001454295 Tetranychidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001454293 Tetranychus urticae Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004789 chlorodifluoromethoxy group Chemical group ClC(O*)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QUPDWYMUPZLYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl Chemical class C[CH2] QUPDWYMUPZLYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002244 furazanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNHVTXYLRVGMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl isocyanate Chemical compound CCCCN=C=O HNHVTXYLRVGMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGTNSSLYPYDJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl isocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1 DGTNSSLYPYDJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CMXPERZAMAQXSF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate;1,8-dihydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1C2=CC=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2O.CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC CMXPERZAMAQXSF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005346 substituted cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D273/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D261/00 - C07D271/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/36—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< directly attached to at least one heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D271/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D271/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D271/08—1,2,5-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,5-oxadiazoles
Landscapes
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
- Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19843409887 DE3409887A1 (de) | 1984-03-17 | 1984-03-17 | Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten |
| DEP3409887.9 | 1984-03-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1246587A true CA1246587A (en) | 1988-12-13 |
Family
ID=6230837
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000476613A Expired CA1246587A (en) | 1984-03-17 | 1985-03-15 | Process for the preparation of isocyanates |
Country Status (10)
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5405858A (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1995-04-11 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Furazanylureas |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3622862A1 (de) * | 1986-07-08 | 1988-01-21 | Bayer Ag | Substituierte furazane |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1071629A (fr) * | 1951-09-15 | 1954-09-02 | France Etat | Procédé pour la préparation des isocyanates |
-
1984
- 1984-03-17 DE DE19843409887 patent/DE3409887A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1985
- 1985-03-05 EP EP85102444A patent/EP0156198B1/de not_active Expired
- 1985-03-05 AT AT85102444T patent/ATE33646T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-03-05 DE DE8585102444T patent/DE3562247D1/de not_active Expired
- 1985-03-13 JP JP60048447A patent/JPS60204773A/ja active Granted
- 1985-03-14 IL IL74603A patent/IL74603A/xx unknown
- 1985-03-15 HU HU85966A patent/HU196975B/hu unknown
- 1985-03-15 ZA ZA851958A patent/ZA851958B/xx unknown
- 1985-03-15 KR KR1019850001670A patent/KR920003896B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1985-03-15 CA CA000476613A patent/CA1246587A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-03-15 DK DK120585A patent/DK120585A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5405858A (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1995-04-11 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Furazanylureas |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0156198A3 (en) | 1986-05-07 |
| IL74603A (en) | 1989-06-30 |
| JPH0481991B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1992-12-25 |
| KR920003896B1 (ko) | 1992-05-18 |
| ATE33646T1 (de) | 1988-05-15 |
| JPS60204773A (ja) | 1985-10-16 |
| DE3562247D1 (en) | 1988-05-26 |
| EP0156198A2 (de) | 1985-10-02 |
| DE3409887A1 (de) | 1985-09-19 |
| HU196975B (en) | 1989-02-28 |
| IL74603A0 (en) | 1985-06-30 |
| ZA851958B (en) | 1985-11-27 |
| HUT36810A (en) | 1985-10-28 |
| DK120585A (da) | 1985-09-18 |
| DK120585D0 (da) | 1985-03-15 |
| KR850006390A (ko) | 1985-10-05 |
| EP0156198B1 (de) | 1988-04-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |