CA1241851A - Highly insulated brick for masonry - Google Patents
Highly insulated brick for masonryInfo
- Publication number
- CA1241851A CA1241851A CA000466990A CA466990A CA1241851A CA 1241851 A CA1241851 A CA 1241851A CA 000466990 A CA000466990 A CA 000466990A CA 466990 A CA466990 A CA 466990A CA 1241851 A CA1241851 A CA 1241851A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- brick
- sub
- longitudinal
- chambers
- walls
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Abstract
HIGHLY INSULATING BRICK FOR MASONRY
Abstract of the disclosure The brick consists of one or more sub-blocks. Each sub-block is divided into air chambers of contained width but extensive in length. The walls which divide each sub-block into chambers are shaped as alternatively concave and convex arcs of a circle. The chambers are connected by first septa of minimum length. The sub-blocks are connected by second septa also of minimum length and never coincident with the periphery of the brick nor placed in correspondence with the inner cores of the successive sub-block, on a line with them.
Thermal bridges between the inside and outside of a wall are thus almost completely eliminated, with a brick light in weight, very strong and low in cost.
(Fig. 1)
Abstract of the disclosure The brick consists of one or more sub-blocks. Each sub-block is divided into air chambers of contained width but extensive in length. The walls which divide each sub-block into chambers are shaped as alternatively concave and convex arcs of a circle. The chambers are connected by first septa of minimum length. The sub-blocks are connected by second septa also of minimum length and never coincident with the periphery of the brick nor placed in correspondence with the inner cores of the successive sub-block, on a line with them.
Thermal bridges between the inside and outside of a wall are thus almost completely eliminated, with a brick light in weight, very strong and low in cost.
(Fig. 1)
Description
Field of the Invention _ _ The invention concerns a br ck preferably made of clav for use in construction in reinforced concrete and i.n traditional masonry with a decisive heat insultating function, light in weight, very strong, and low in cost, to 5 be used as a self-sup~ovting and~oY sealing ant'/or partitioning elemenr.
Background of the Invent-lon In residential as well as industrial construction the structure is commonly enclosed by means of two brick walls placed at a certain distance from one another (air space).
The space between the two walls is filled with an 15 insulating material. This procedure involves very high labor costs in the construction of the two parallel walls a certain distance apart, as well as very high costs for the necessary insulating material. Moreover, the insulating materi.al subli.mes over time, that is it becomes depleted, 20 reducing the function of the air space unti.l it is eliminated, and with it the fwnction of provid:i.ng good insulation.
It is known tha-t to reduce the weight and improve the insulation of a construction hrick, the raw material 25 mixture, for example of clay, is treated with combustible organic materials like sawdust, peat, cork, coal dust and the like. When the bricks are fired, the~e materials are ~ .
~2f~
re'.eased ln gasQolls Eorrr. giving rise inside the brick to an alveolar configuration which has the due effec~ of mproving insulation and lightening the brick. I~owever, hese combustible organic materials cannot be added to i.he 5 mixture beyond a certain degree since increasing the quantity considerably decreases the moldabiliLy of the ixtu:re due to the relat.ively high friction of sai.d materials. Furthermore, increasing the auanti.ty of organic material incorporated, greatly lowers the pressure 10 resistance since the i.ncorporated material impedes the nanllral contraction of the raw ma~e-1.al. during 7ryino. This leads to crac~cs which increase because of the above rnencioned friction of the incorporated materi.al. Thus, increasing the c~uantity of material placed in the mix-'ure 15 widens the cracks so much the strength of the product is seriously reduced.
In order to overcome these problerns and obtain a porous, that is insulating and light, but high strength brick or block, Italian patent No. 605,312 proposes incorporating in 20 the raw material (clay, kaolin, clay schjsts and the like) a compressible material synthetie in nature, molding the resulting mixture to form the final product, drying it, and finally firiny it. Since the incorporated material can be compressed to a smaller volume, it does not prevent 25 eontraetion of the raw material during drying. Crack formation is thus substantially redueed or even eliminated, anc7 the compression strength of the product is not compromised. The systhetic compressible material is placed in the mixture in the form of pieces made to swell or foam, preferably in the form of small beads. Fox the material to be incorporated, Italian patent No. 605,312 proposes a synthetic material like polystyrene, phenol-plastics, polyvinyl synthetics like polyvinyl chloride, or 5 polyesters, formaldehyde urea, polyurethane, polyethvlene, polyisobutylene, latex rubber, silica and cellulose derivatives like cellulose acetate.
A brick as described has been marked under the name "Poroton". It is rectangular in shape and subdivided by 10 means of partitions, running along its width into several chambers parallel to one ano'he- and connected by several partitions ortr.~gonal to the Eormer, so as to form an actual lattice. The periphery of the bric~, like all its partition, has an alveolar structure, as described below, 15 in order to reduce weight and allow good insulation. Such a brick responds in effect, both in terms of cell-like structure and of the percent of openings ~maximum 45~), that is of the empty spaces created in the chambers formec' by the partitions and the cell-l ~e struc~ure, to the 20 properties listed ~or bricks prepared with cell-like structure using compressible organic materials. However, it should be noted that the insulation is a function only of the cell-like s~ructure and that to obtain said structure, one must use synthetic compressible material whose cost is 25 not negligible. On the other hand, the quantity of said material may not, even in this type of brick, exceed a certain amount, to prevent excessive weakening of khe brick itself.
In this regard, it should be noted that heat is transferred . . _ *POROTON is a -trade maxk.
5~
by radlatlon, convenc~lon and conduc-tion. Transmission bv radiation should be considered negligible, and so it will not be considered. Transmission by air convection occurs ve-tically toward the ceiling; the quantity of heat which 5 the air can transmi-t horizontally toward the outside, or vice versa, is negligible when the chambers are developed vertically, wi-th as little horizontal development as possible. Transmission by conduction occurs through solid bodies (clay, in the present case) horizontally. Therefore, 10 the insultation of a brick is enhanced by reducing the possibility of hea~ diffus;on by conduction to a minimum.
In the brick in question, however, the various chambers are connected to one another, from the inside toward the outside, by several septa which form several actual heat 15 bridges, which facilitate heat transmission by conduction in this direction with a result of annulling the effect of the chamber presence, and reducing the insultating effect which could have been achieved thanks to the cell-like structure.
20 The latter structure however is random in that it is a function of the greater or lesser reyularity of the mixing of the additive with the clay. This obviously leads to the manufacture of bricks with different insulating capacities.
The aim oE this invention is thus to overcome the 25 inconveniènces mentioned above by proposing a light in weight but still very strony brick, with low production costs and, above all, decidedly elevated insultation.
~f~2~
Summa~y of the Inven-.ion The invention achieves this by realizing a brick, preferably of clay, characterized by the fact that:
S - said brick consists of one or more sub-bricks;
- each sub-brick has a rectangular peripheral out]ine and is subaivide~. by means of walls into vertical air chamber, limited in the direction of the longitudinal axis ancl extensive in the direction of its transverse axis;
10 - said walls are shaped like arcs of a circle (cores) alternatively concave and convex in the longitudinal direction of the brick;
- the centers of curvature of said circles are aligned by groups of arcs elong l.ines parallel to the longitudinal 15 axis of -the brick;
- to the width of each chamber always corresponds, in the same longitudinal direction, a larger and respectively smaller, width of the subsequent chamber;
- the convex sides of the arcs are connected to one another
Background of the Invent-lon In residential as well as industrial construction the structure is commonly enclosed by means of two brick walls placed at a certain distance from one another (air space).
The space between the two walls is filled with an 15 insulating material. This procedure involves very high labor costs in the construction of the two parallel walls a certain distance apart, as well as very high costs for the necessary insulating material. Moreover, the insulating materi.al subli.mes over time, that is it becomes depleted, 20 reducing the function of the air space unti.l it is eliminated, and with it the fwnction of provid:i.ng good insulation.
It is known tha-t to reduce the weight and improve the insulation of a construction hrick, the raw material 25 mixture, for example of clay, is treated with combustible organic materials like sawdust, peat, cork, coal dust and the like. When the bricks are fired, the~e materials are ~ .
~2f~
re'.eased ln gasQolls Eorrr. giving rise inside the brick to an alveolar configuration which has the due effec~ of mproving insulation and lightening the brick. I~owever, hese combustible organic materials cannot be added to i.he 5 mixture beyond a certain degree since increasing the quantity considerably decreases the moldabiliLy of the ixtu:re due to the relat.ively high friction of sai.d materials. Furthermore, increasing the auanti.ty of organic material incorporated, greatly lowers the pressure 10 resistance since the i.ncorporated material impedes the nanllral contraction of the raw ma~e-1.al. during 7ryino. This leads to crac~cs which increase because of the above rnencioned friction of the incorporated materi.al. Thus, increasing the c~uantity of material placed in the mix-'ure 15 widens the cracks so much the strength of the product is seriously reduced.
In order to overcome these problerns and obtain a porous, that is insulating and light, but high strength brick or block, Italian patent No. 605,312 proposes incorporating in 20 the raw material (clay, kaolin, clay schjsts and the like) a compressible material synthetie in nature, molding the resulting mixture to form the final product, drying it, and finally firiny it. Since the incorporated material can be compressed to a smaller volume, it does not prevent 25 eontraetion of the raw material during drying. Crack formation is thus substantially redueed or even eliminated, anc7 the compression strength of the product is not compromised. The systhetic compressible material is placed in the mixture in the form of pieces made to swell or foam, preferably in the form of small beads. Fox the material to be incorporated, Italian patent No. 605,312 proposes a synthetic material like polystyrene, phenol-plastics, polyvinyl synthetics like polyvinyl chloride, or 5 polyesters, formaldehyde urea, polyurethane, polyethvlene, polyisobutylene, latex rubber, silica and cellulose derivatives like cellulose acetate.
A brick as described has been marked under the name "Poroton". It is rectangular in shape and subdivided by 10 means of partitions, running along its width into several chambers parallel to one ano'he- and connected by several partitions ortr.~gonal to the Eormer, so as to form an actual lattice. The periphery of the bric~, like all its partition, has an alveolar structure, as described below, 15 in order to reduce weight and allow good insulation. Such a brick responds in effect, both in terms of cell-like structure and of the percent of openings ~maximum 45~), that is of the empty spaces created in the chambers formec' by the partitions and the cell-l ~e struc~ure, to the 20 properties listed ~or bricks prepared with cell-like structure using compressible organic materials. However, it should be noted that the insulation is a function only of the cell-like s~ructure and that to obtain said structure, one must use synthetic compressible material whose cost is 25 not negligible. On the other hand, the quantity of said material may not, even in this type of brick, exceed a certain amount, to prevent excessive weakening of khe brick itself.
In this regard, it should be noted that heat is transferred . . _ *POROTON is a -trade maxk.
5~
by radlatlon, convenc~lon and conduc-tion. Transmission bv radiation should be considered negligible, and so it will not be considered. Transmission by air convection occurs ve-tically toward the ceiling; the quantity of heat which 5 the air can transmi-t horizontally toward the outside, or vice versa, is negligible when the chambers are developed vertically, wi-th as little horizontal development as possible. Transmission by conduction occurs through solid bodies (clay, in the present case) horizontally. Therefore, 10 the insultation of a brick is enhanced by reducing the possibility of hea~ diffus;on by conduction to a minimum.
In the brick in question, however, the various chambers are connected to one another, from the inside toward the outside, by several septa which form several actual heat 15 bridges, which facilitate heat transmission by conduction in this direction with a result of annulling the effect of the chamber presence, and reducing the insultating effect which could have been achieved thanks to the cell-like structure.
20 The latter structure however is random in that it is a function of the greater or lesser reyularity of the mixing of the additive with the clay. This obviously leads to the manufacture of bricks with different insulating capacities.
The aim oE this invention is thus to overcome the 25 inconveniènces mentioned above by proposing a light in weight but still very strony brick, with low production costs and, above all, decidedly elevated insultation.
~f~2~
Summa~y of the Inven-.ion The invention achieves this by realizing a brick, preferably of clay, characterized by the fact that:
S - said brick consists of one or more sub-bricks;
- each sub-brick has a rectangular peripheral out]ine and is subaivide~. by means of walls into vertical air chamber, limited in the direction of the longitudinal axis ancl extensive in the direction of its transverse axis;
10 - said walls are shaped like arcs of a circle (cores) alternatively concave and convex in the longitudinal direction of the brick;
- the centers of curvature of said circles are aligned by groups of arcs elong l.ines parallel to the longitudinal 15 axis of -the brick;
- to the width of each chamber always corresponds, in the same longitudinal direction, a larger and respectively smaller, width of the subsequent chamber;
- the convex sides of the arcs are connected to one another
2~ by rectilinear septa of minimum length, and - the sub-blocks are connected to one another by rec-tilinear septa, also of minimum length, and in any case never coincident with the peripheral outline of the brick, and never placed in correspondence with the inner cores of 25 the subsequent sub-block, in li.ne with them.
The fundmental concept oE the invention thus resides in the structural geometry with which heat transmission bridges have been substantially eliminated, by limiting the connections between sub-blocks to septa of minimum lenght, in any case never placed in line with cores in the same direction, and by reducing ~ a mi.nimum the contact surface be~ween the convex walls of the chambers. Since the air chambers in each sub-block must extend as much as possible 5 in the direction of its transverse axis, the curving walls are of long radius and, consequently, their contact surfaces are reduced to the minimurn. rrherefore~ the invention includes connection between the walls by means oF
septa which may be very short since they connecl opposi~e 10 convex walls.
According to the invenl-~.on, the br ck l.S realize~
preferably in clay, with no use of cell-like material.
If a further lightening of the block is desired, already per se enhanced by the high percentage of openings due to 15 the chambers with circular outlines, the invention proposes as cell-forming material the final residue in the preparation of sansa oil, the cost of which is almost negligible, as can be imagined.
The struc,ural geometry also enhances acoustic inertia. In 20 fact, the vibratory energy hitting the exposed wal.1 should then restart from longer walls and always different distances, since a rectilinear wall is always opposite a curved wall, and a concave curved wall is always opposite a convex one.
25 Finally, it should be observed that, according to -the invention, the structural geometry consists of arcs and segments of a circle arranged so as to absorb compression loads in an optimal way. In fact, the resultants of all the forces acting on the arcs of the sub-block are distributed alo,g he alcs de?end ng on -! he~- height and the connectillg sepla be~ween the opposite convex walls of -the ind_vidual chambe~~s are placed ln =he poin-ts where the arcs breac. Ttit- briclc acco;-ding to the lnvention can be used as 5 a conven~.onal br'ck to make a masonry having a desired height anG length.
Brlef descfiption of the drawings 10 The objec. oE the inven'.ion will be described below wi~h -eferer,c~ to p--eferrecl emhodilent-s shown by an exernpli-fica~- ve anQ nor.-llt.1i~ing way in the at'.ached drawings in wnlch:
15 Figure 1 is a plan v ew of a fifsc embodiment of a brick according to the invention consisting of three sub-blocks;
Flgure 2 is an axorlomeLïic view of bri.cks of F'igure 1 laid w;.th Its open.nss on a vertical plane Figure 3 is an axonometric view analogous to that of figure 2 with bric`ks lald with its o~enings on a horizontal plane;
and 25 Figure 4 is a plan v:i.ew of a second embodimen-t of a brick according to the invention consisting of four sub-blocks.
Detailled DescriPtiOn of the Drawings ~ . ... .. . _ _ _ . _ . . _ . _ In Figure 1 a first embodiment of the brick according to the invention consists in the present case of three sub-bricks generally indicated as 1, 2, 3, where S indicates the width, L the lenght and ~ the height. One notes 5 immediately that the air chambers are represented by the spaces 4-13 between arched walls 14, 14'; 15, 15'; 16, 16' arranged with concave and convex shapes opposite to one another in groups of two, and that, again in groups of two, the centers of curvature of the arcs are aligned along a 10 single line parallel to the longitudinal axis of the brick.
The connecting septa 17, 18, 19 between the chamhers ~, 5;
6,7; 8, 9 are of minimum length since they connect the chambers between two convex points in their walls. Chambers 4-13 are all not very wide in the direction of the 15 longitudinal axis of the brick, while they extend in heigh-t, that is, in the direction of the transverse axis of the brick.
For any line a parallel to the longitudinal axis of the brick, one notes how, moving it always in a parallel 20 fashion, for example -to position _ the chambers of the sub-bricks always have in this direction a width b, c, a;
b', c', d', which is larger and smaller in alternate succession.
Finally, one notes how the septa 20, 21 connecting sub-25 -blocks 1, 2, 3 to one another are shifted toward the inside to the brick. This is done to interrupt the continuity of the thermal bridge along one external core from one sub-block to the other. The connecting septa 22, 23 are also neither aligned nor in correspondence with the g inner cores in the same direction, so contributing to preven-t conduction of heat, which is dispersed on the walls and so vertically.
The bricks may be laid both with the openings in horizontal 5 planes and overlapping, and with the openings in vertical planes and side by side, as shown more clearly in Figures 2 and 3;
In Figure 4, in which mumbers with increase of one hundred with respect to Figure 1 designate like parts, a second 10 embodiment of a brick according to the invention is shown in this case, the radius of curvature of the arched walls 114, 114', ... is less than that of the archea walls 14, 14', of E`igure 1, on the contrary the radius oE curvature of the arched walls 115, 115', 115, and 115' is greater 15 than that of the arched walls 15, 15', 16 and 15'. As a result, the brick consisting of the sub-hlocks 101, 102, 103 and lOla is stronger that that of Figure 1.
Further, the longitudinal dimensions of chambers 104-113 are reduced so that the convection is also lowered and then 20 the heat insultating properties are improved.
The fundmental concept oE the invention thus resides in the structural geometry with which heat transmission bridges have been substantially eliminated, by limiting the connections between sub-blocks to septa of minimum lenght, in any case never placed in line with cores in the same direction, and by reducing ~ a mi.nimum the contact surface be~ween the convex walls of the chambers. Since the air chambers in each sub-block must extend as much as possible 5 in the direction of its transverse axis, the curving walls are of long radius and, consequently, their contact surfaces are reduced to the minimurn. rrherefore~ the invention includes connection between the walls by means oF
septa which may be very short since they connecl opposi~e 10 convex walls.
According to the invenl-~.on, the br ck l.S realize~
preferably in clay, with no use of cell-like material.
If a further lightening of the block is desired, already per se enhanced by the high percentage of openings due to 15 the chambers with circular outlines, the invention proposes as cell-forming material the final residue in the preparation of sansa oil, the cost of which is almost negligible, as can be imagined.
The struc,ural geometry also enhances acoustic inertia. In 20 fact, the vibratory energy hitting the exposed wal.1 should then restart from longer walls and always different distances, since a rectilinear wall is always opposite a curved wall, and a concave curved wall is always opposite a convex one.
25 Finally, it should be observed that, according to -the invention, the structural geometry consists of arcs and segments of a circle arranged so as to absorb compression loads in an optimal way. In fact, the resultants of all the forces acting on the arcs of the sub-block are distributed alo,g he alcs de?end ng on -! he~- height and the connectillg sepla be~ween the opposite convex walls of -the ind_vidual chambe~~s are placed ln =he poin-ts where the arcs breac. Ttit- briclc acco;-ding to the lnvention can be used as 5 a conven~.onal br'ck to make a masonry having a desired height anG length.
Brlef descfiption of the drawings 10 The objec. oE the inven'.ion will be described below wi~h -eferer,c~ to p--eferrecl emhodilent-s shown by an exernpli-fica~- ve anQ nor.-llt.1i~ing way in the at'.ached drawings in wnlch:
15 Figure 1 is a plan v ew of a fifsc embodiment of a brick according to the invention consisting of three sub-blocks;
Flgure 2 is an axorlomeLïic view of bri.cks of F'igure 1 laid w;.th Its open.nss on a vertical plane Figure 3 is an axonometric view analogous to that of figure 2 with bric`ks lald with its o~enings on a horizontal plane;
and 25 Figure 4 is a plan v:i.ew of a second embodimen-t of a brick according to the invention consisting of four sub-blocks.
Detailled DescriPtiOn of the Drawings ~ . ... .. . _ _ _ . _ . . _ . _ In Figure 1 a first embodiment of the brick according to the invention consists in the present case of three sub-bricks generally indicated as 1, 2, 3, where S indicates the width, L the lenght and ~ the height. One notes 5 immediately that the air chambers are represented by the spaces 4-13 between arched walls 14, 14'; 15, 15'; 16, 16' arranged with concave and convex shapes opposite to one another in groups of two, and that, again in groups of two, the centers of curvature of the arcs are aligned along a 10 single line parallel to the longitudinal axis of the brick.
The connecting septa 17, 18, 19 between the chamhers ~, 5;
6,7; 8, 9 are of minimum length since they connect the chambers between two convex points in their walls. Chambers 4-13 are all not very wide in the direction of the 15 longitudinal axis of the brick, while they extend in heigh-t, that is, in the direction of the transverse axis of the brick.
For any line a parallel to the longitudinal axis of the brick, one notes how, moving it always in a parallel 20 fashion, for example -to position _ the chambers of the sub-bricks always have in this direction a width b, c, a;
b', c', d', which is larger and smaller in alternate succession.
Finally, one notes how the septa 20, 21 connecting sub-25 -blocks 1, 2, 3 to one another are shifted toward the inside to the brick. This is done to interrupt the continuity of the thermal bridge along one external core from one sub-block to the other. The connecting septa 22, 23 are also neither aligned nor in correspondence with the g inner cores in the same direction, so contributing to preven-t conduction of heat, which is dispersed on the walls and so vertically.
The bricks may be laid both with the openings in horizontal 5 planes and overlapping, and with the openings in vertical planes and side by side, as shown more clearly in Figures 2 and 3;
In Figure 4, in which mumbers with increase of one hundred with respect to Figure 1 designate like parts, a second 10 embodiment of a brick according to the invention is shown in this case, the radius of curvature of the arched walls 114, 114', ... is less than that of the archea walls 14, 14', of E`igure 1, on the contrary the radius oE curvature of the arched walls 115, 115', 115, and 115' is greater 15 than that of the arched walls 15, 15', 16 and 15'. As a result, the brick consisting of the sub-hlocks 101, 102, 103 and lOla is stronger that that of Figure 1.
Further, the longitudinal dimensions of chambers 104-113 are reduced so that the convection is also lowered and then 20 the heat insultating properties are improved.
Claims (5)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A brick preferably made of clay for use in construc-tion, in reinforced concrete and in traditional masonry with a decisive thermal insulating function, which is lightweight, very strong and low in cost, to be used as a self-supporting or sealing or partitioning element, said brick comprising at least one sub-brick;
each sub-brick including a rectangular peripheral outline having a longitudinal axis and a transverse axis, and being subdivided by means of walls into vertical air cham-bers, limited in the direction of the longitudinal axis and extensive in the direction of its transverse axis;
said walls forming cores with a cross section shaped like the arc of a circle, each arc having a centre of curva-ture;
said walls being arranged alternatively concave and convex in the longitudinal direction of the brick;
the centres of curvature of said arcs being aligned along lines parallel to the longitudinal axis of the brick;
wherein the width of each chamber, taken along a line in the longitudinal direction, forms alternately longer and shorter line segments from one chamber to the next;
the convex sides of the arcs being longitudinally connected to one another by rectilinear arc septa of minimum length; and sub-bricks being connected to one another longitudi-nally by rectilinear sub-brick septa also of minimum length, wherein said rectilinear sub-brick septa are spaced apart from the peripheral outline of the brick, and are not aligned with the walls of the cores of the adjacent sub-brick.
each sub-brick including a rectangular peripheral outline having a longitudinal axis and a transverse axis, and being subdivided by means of walls into vertical air cham-bers, limited in the direction of the longitudinal axis and extensive in the direction of its transverse axis;
said walls forming cores with a cross section shaped like the arc of a circle, each arc having a centre of curva-ture;
said walls being arranged alternatively concave and convex in the longitudinal direction of the brick;
the centres of curvature of said arcs being aligned along lines parallel to the longitudinal axis of the brick;
wherein the width of each chamber, taken along a line in the longitudinal direction, forms alternately longer and shorter line segments from one chamber to the next;
the convex sides of the arcs being longitudinally connected to one another by rectilinear arc septa of minimum length; and sub-bricks being connected to one another longitudi-nally by rectilinear sub-brick septa also of minimum length, wherein said rectilinear sub-brick septa are spaced apart from the peripheral outline of the brick, and are not aligned with the walls of the cores of the adjacent sub-brick.
2. A brick according to claim 1, wherein the rectili-near arc septa connecting the opposite convex walls of the individual chambers are placed at the break points of the arcs.
3. A brick according to claim 1 wherein it is con-structed from a mixture of clay and sansa residue.
4. A brick preferably made of clay, having a substan-tially rectangular cross section, spaced apart end faces and perpendicular longitudinal and transverse centre planes ex-tending between and being perpendicular to the end faces, comprising:
at least two sub-bricks, each having a rectangular cross section, being connected to each other in series in the direction of a longitudinal centre plane of the brick, the brick being provided with open air chambers extending between the end faces for providing a thermo-insulating effect;
said sub-bricks being symmetrical with respect to transverse and longitudinal centre planes thereof;
a plurality of air chambers provided in each of said sub-bricks, said air chambers being defined by at least one arched web created between a pair of coaxial cylindrical surfaces, said arched webs being arranged in longitudinal rows such that the axes of symmetry of the arched webs are placed along longitudinal planes parallel to and equally spaced apart from a longitudinal centre plane of the brick such that each arched web defines a sector of a cylinder hav-ing a generally circular cross section;
said air chambers being oriented parallel to the transverse centre plane of the brick;
the width of each of said air chambers of each said sub-brick, measured along a plane parallel to the longitudi-nal centre plane of the brick, is such that the width of a central chamber is relatively shorter or longer than the width of the two symmetrical, adjacently disposed chambers;
chambers defined by a pair of cylindrical convex surfaces being provided with longitudinal rectilinear webs connecting the shortest longitudinal distance between opposed pair of convex surfaces; and relatively short rectilinear longitudinally webs connecting the sub-bricks longitudinally, arranged to be spaced from longitudinal peripheries of the brick and from points in longitudinal alignment with the intersection between arched webs and transverse peripheries of the web bricks.
at least two sub-bricks, each having a rectangular cross section, being connected to each other in series in the direction of a longitudinal centre plane of the brick, the brick being provided with open air chambers extending between the end faces for providing a thermo-insulating effect;
said sub-bricks being symmetrical with respect to transverse and longitudinal centre planes thereof;
a plurality of air chambers provided in each of said sub-bricks, said air chambers being defined by at least one arched web created between a pair of coaxial cylindrical surfaces, said arched webs being arranged in longitudinal rows such that the axes of symmetry of the arched webs are placed along longitudinal planes parallel to and equally spaced apart from a longitudinal centre plane of the brick such that each arched web defines a sector of a cylinder hav-ing a generally circular cross section;
said air chambers being oriented parallel to the transverse centre plane of the brick;
the width of each of said air chambers of each said sub-brick, measured along a plane parallel to the longitudi-nal centre plane of the brick, is such that the width of a central chamber is relatively shorter or longer than the width of the two symmetrical, adjacently disposed chambers;
chambers defined by a pair of cylindrical convex surfaces being provided with longitudinal rectilinear webs connecting the shortest longitudinal distance between opposed pair of convex surfaces; and relatively short rectilinear longitudinally webs connecting the sub-bricks longitudinally, arranged to be spaced from longitudinal peripheries of the brick and from points in longitudinal alignment with the intersection between arched webs and transverse peripheries of the web bricks.
5. A brick according to claim 1, wherein said brick is constructed from a mixture of clay and sansa granules to provide an alveolar structure throughout the webs subsequent to the baking of the brick, whereby the thermo-insulating effect is enhanced.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000466990A CA1241851A (en) | 1984-11-02 | 1984-11-02 | Highly insulated brick for masonry |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000466990A CA1241851A (en) | 1984-11-02 | 1984-11-02 | Highly insulated brick for masonry |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1241851A true CA1241851A (en) | 1988-09-13 |
Family
ID=4129070
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000466990A Expired CA1241851A (en) | 1984-11-02 | 1984-11-02 | Highly insulated brick for masonry |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1241851A (en) |
-
1984
- 1984-11-02 CA CA000466990A patent/CA1241851A/en not_active Expired
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