CA1239916A - Crushing apparatus - Google Patents
Crushing apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- CA1239916A CA1239916A CA000478457A CA478457A CA1239916A CA 1239916 A CA1239916 A CA 1239916A CA 000478457 A CA000478457 A CA 000478457A CA 478457 A CA478457 A CA 478457A CA 1239916 A CA1239916 A CA 1239916A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- jaws
- jaw
- crusher
- pivoted
- adjusting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Crushing apparatus is disclosed for crushing rock and other materials. The apparatus has opposed jaws, each jaw being hung for pivotal movement, and drive means are provided to drive the jaws simultaneously toward and away from each other.
Crushing apparatus is disclosed for crushing rock and other materials. The apparatus has opposed jaws, each jaw being hung for pivotal movement, and drive means are provided to drive the jaws simultaneously toward and away from each other.
Description
~ 3 ~
This invention relates to crushing apparatus.
The apparatus of the present invention is useful for crushing rock, and will be described with particular reference to this application. However, the apparatus also is useful for crushing other ma-terials (e.g. glass, minerals, bricks, grains).
Crushing at present is carried out in a n~mber of types of apparatus:- ball mills~ rod mills, hammer mills and jaw crushers. However, for 'accurate' crushing i.e.
crushing material to obtain particles within a narrow siz range~ and with relatively few fines, a jaw crusher common-ly is used. A jaw crusher crushes by a hammer-and~anvil type of action:- a moving jaw is swung against a station-ary jaw. The position of the stationary jaw can be adjusted to alter the minimum gap between the jaws. This type of crusher gives good results, but is rather wasteful of power because a great deal of the ~orce of the moving jaw is absorbed by the stationary jaw rather than by the material being crushed. In consequence, the apparatus requires a heavy support, to endure the uneven load on the apparatus imposed by the impacts o~ the stationary jaw.
An object of the present invention is the provision of a crusher which is as accurate as a stationery jaw crusher, but which overcomes the above-described disadvan-tages by providing opposed driven jaws which balance each otherO
This invention relates to crushing apparatus.
The apparatus of the present invention is useful for crushing rock, and will be described with particular reference to this application. However, the apparatus also is useful for crushing other ma-terials (e.g. glass, minerals, bricks, grains).
Crushing at present is carried out in a n~mber of types of apparatus:- ball mills~ rod mills, hammer mills and jaw crushers. However, for 'accurate' crushing i.e.
crushing material to obtain particles within a narrow siz range~ and with relatively few fines, a jaw crusher common-ly is used. A jaw crusher crushes by a hammer-and~anvil type of action:- a moving jaw is swung against a station-ary jaw. The position of the stationary jaw can be adjusted to alter the minimum gap between the jaws. This type of crusher gives good results, but is rather wasteful of power because a great deal of the ~orce of the moving jaw is absorbed by the stationary jaw rather than by the material being crushed. In consequence, the apparatus requires a heavy support, to endure the uneven load on the apparatus imposed by the impacts o~ the stationary jaw.
An object of the present invention is the provision of a crusher which is as accurate as a stationery jaw crusher, but which overcomes the above-described disadvan-tages by providing opposed driven jaws which balance each otherO
2 -
3~
A further object of this invention is to provide a crusher which is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and repair, and which is adjustable so that the rock may be crushed to a greater or lesser degree.
According to this invention there is provided a crusher which includes: a pair of opposed jaws, each jaw being hun~ for pivotal mov~ment towards and away from the other jaw; and means for driving said jaws to swing towards each other simultaneously and away from each other simul-taneously.
Preferably, means are provided for adjusting the minimum gap between the jaws when they are swung towards each other.
The jaws may be reciprocated by a variety of different drives (o known type) but preferably one of the jaws is driven by a drive shaft carrying eccentrics which bear against said jaw, and the other jaw is connected to said-one jaw by one or more connecting rods ar.d further eccentrics.
By way of example? a prefe red embodiment of the present invention is de.scribed with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-Fig.1 is an end view of the apparatus of thepresent invention; and Fig.2 is a side view of the apparatus of Fig.1, with :~3~
half of the frame members removed.
Referring to the drawings, a rock crushing apparatus comprises two upper elongated parallel frame members 3, L~
supported horizontally by end members (not shown). On the top of the frame members 3, 4, two pairs of crusher jaw pivot bearings 5, 6 are provided. Both pairs of pivot bearings 5, 6 oppose each other across the frame members 3, 4. Each jaw 7, ~ has a horizontal shaft 9 extending from each side of its upper end; the ends of each shaft 9 are pivotally secured in the pivot bearings 5, 6. The two jaws 7, ~ of the crusher are therefore suspended opposite each other from the horlzontal frame members, 3, 4.
Preferably, the inner surfaceslO of the crusher jaws are made of heavy gauge plate steel with a plurality of reinforcing ribs (not shown~ on their working surface. The inner crushing surfaces of the jaws may be lined with hard alloy steel to reduce wear~ The jaws 7, ~, are spaced wider at the top than the bottom, and two vertical end plates (not shown~ are supported by the upper frame members 3, 4 adjacent to the ends of the jaws; the arrangement being such that a "V"shaped hopper is ~ormed by the end plates and jaws. When the crusher is operating, material is to be crushed~ed into the top of the hopper from a chute 11, falls under gravity through the crusher, and leaves the bottom of the crusher in its crushed condition.
The lower ends of the jaws 7, ~ are supported by a - L~ _ , reciprocating mechanism 12 which causes bo~h the crusher jaws to swing simultaneously about their pivot bearings 5, 6. The reciprocating mechanism causes the jaws to come together at the s~ne time and move apa~t at the same time;
each jaw is moved with the same force. The reciprocating movement is provided by eccentrics on the driving shaf-t 13, which is mounted horizintally in two bearings 14, 15 on the outer surface at the lower end of one of the jaws. The driving shaft 13 extends beyond the width of the jaw 7 and two connecting rods 16, are mounted on two eccentric journals on the driving shaft 13 at each side of the jaw 7.
The other ends o~ the connecting rods 16 are molmted on similarly disposed eccentric journals on a cross-shaft 17, which is mounted horizontally at the lower end of the other jaw ~, parallel to the driving shaft 13 on the jaw 7.
A V-belt drive pulley 20 is secured to the end of the driving shaft 13, and this pulley 2G is driven rom a motor (not shown) in known manner. When the pulley ? is driven9 it rotates the driving shaft 13, so that the eccentric journals on the shaft 13 ~ause the jaw 7 to swing towards and away from the jaw g. At the same time, the driving shaft 13 reciprocates the connecting rods 16, and the eccentric journals on the cross-shaft 17 cause the jaw g to swing towards and away from the jaw 7. The connecting rods 16 and the two sets of eccentric journals are designed such that the jaws 7 and g move towards and away from each other simultaneously, each jaw moving with the same velocity.
, ~
Thus, each jaw acts with the same force on material to be crushed passing between said jaws.
To increase or decrease the distance which the jaw moves, the orientation of the eccentric journals on the cross shaft 17 is altered. This is a simple operation, and may even be done while the apparatus is in use. Alter-natively, provision may be made for adjusting the lengths of the connecting rods 16.
In the above-d~scribed apparatus, the jaws 7 and g are balanced i.e~ each jaw transmits the same force in use.
The major proportion of the force of each jaw is trans-mitted to the material being crushedj rather than to the opposite jaw~ Because of these two factors, the apparatus can be mounted on a lightweight frame compared to the conventional stationary jaw type of crusher, in which a great deal of the force of the moving jaw is transmitted ko the stationary jaw rather than to the stone, so that a very heavy supports frame is needed. It follows that the present apparatus is economical in its use of power, since most of the power used to move the jaws is used to crush the material.
A further object of this invention is to provide a crusher which is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and repair, and which is adjustable so that the rock may be crushed to a greater or lesser degree.
According to this invention there is provided a crusher which includes: a pair of opposed jaws, each jaw being hun~ for pivotal mov~ment towards and away from the other jaw; and means for driving said jaws to swing towards each other simultaneously and away from each other simul-taneously.
Preferably, means are provided for adjusting the minimum gap between the jaws when they are swung towards each other.
The jaws may be reciprocated by a variety of different drives (o known type) but preferably one of the jaws is driven by a drive shaft carrying eccentrics which bear against said jaw, and the other jaw is connected to said-one jaw by one or more connecting rods ar.d further eccentrics.
By way of example? a prefe red embodiment of the present invention is de.scribed with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-Fig.1 is an end view of the apparatus of thepresent invention; and Fig.2 is a side view of the apparatus of Fig.1, with :~3~
half of the frame members removed.
Referring to the drawings, a rock crushing apparatus comprises two upper elongated parallel frame members 3, L~
supported horizontally by end members (not shown). On the top of the frame members 3, 4, two pairs of crusher jaw pivot bearings 5, 6 are provided. Both pairs of pivot bearings 5, 6 oppose each other across the frame members 3, 4. Each jaw 7, ~ has a horizontal shaft 9 extending from each side of its upper end; the ends of each shaft 9 are pivotally secured in the pivot bearings 5, 6. The two jaws 7, ~ of the crusher are therefore suspended opposite each other from the horlzontal frame members, 3, 4.
Preferably, the inner surfaceslO of the crusher jaws are made of heavy gauge plate steel with a plurality of reinforcing ribs (not shown~ on their working surface. The inner crushing surfaces of the jaws may be lined with hard alloy steel to reduce wear~ The jaws 7, ~, are spaced wider at the top than the bottom, and two vertical end plates (not shown~ are supported by the upper frame members 3, 4 adjacent to the ends of the jaws; the arrangement being such that a "V"shaped hopper is ~ormed by the end plates and jaws. When the crusher is operating, material is to be crushed~ed into the top of the hopper from a chute 11, falls under gravity through the crusher, and leaves the bottom of the crusher in its crushed condition.
The lower ends of the jaws 7, ~ are supported by a - L~ _ , reciprocating mechanism 12 which causes bo~h the crusher jaws to swing simultaneously about their pivot bearings 5, 6. The reciprocating mechanism causes the jaws to come together at the s~ne time and move apa~t at the same time;
each jaw is moved with the same force. The reciprocating movement is provided by eccentrics on the driving shaf-t 13, which is mounted horizintally in two bearings 14, 15 on the outer surface at the lower end of one of the jaws. The driving shaft 13 extends beyond the width of the jaw 7 and two connecting rods 16, are mounted on two eccentric journals on the driving shaft 13 at each side of the jaw 7.
The other ends o~ the connecting rods 16 are molmted on similarly disposed eccentric journals on a cross-shaft 17, which is mounted horizontally at the lower end of the other jaw ~, parallel to the driving shaft 13 on the jaw 7.
A V-belt drive pulley 20 is secured to the end of the driving shaft 13, and this pulley 2G is driven rom a motor (not shown) in known manner. When the pulley ? is driven9 it rotates the driving shaft 13, so that the eccentric journals on the shaft 13 ~ause the jaw 7 to swing towards and away from the jaw g. At the same time, the driving shaft 13 reciprocates the connecting rods 16, and the eccentric journals on the cross-shaft 17 cause the jaw g to swing towards and away from the jaw 7. The connecting rods 16 and the two sets of eccentric journals are designed such that the jaws 7 and g move towards and away from each other simultaneously, each jaw moving with the same velocity.
, ~
Thus, each jaw acts with the same force on material to be crushed passing between said jaws.
To increase or decrease the distance which the jaw moves, the orientation of the eccentric journals on the cross shaft 17 is altered. This is a simple operation, and may even be done while the apparatus is in use. Alter-natively, provision may be made for adjusting the lengths of the connecting rods 16.
In the above-d~scribed apparatus, the jaws 7 and g are balanced i.e~ each jaw transmits the same force in use.
The major proportion of the force of each jaw is trans-mitted to the material being crushedj rather than to the opposite jaw~ Because of these two factors, the apparatus can be mounted on a lightweight frame compared to the conventional stationary jaw type of crusher, in which a great deal of the force of the moving jaw is transmitted ko the stationary jaw rather than to the stone, so that a very heavy supports frame is needed. It follows that the present apparatus is economical in its use of power, since most of the power used to move the jaws is used to crush the material.
Claims (11)
1. A crusher including a pair of opposed crushing jaws, a pivotal mounting of each jaw for pivotal movement towards and away from the other jaw, means for driving said jaws to pivot towards each other simultaneously and away from each other simultaneously, whilst allowing them to pivot simul-taneously in the same direction, the pivotal mounting of each jaw being adjacent one end of said jaw, said one ends of said jaws being located opposite each other, and the other ends of said jaws being located opposite each other.
2. The crusher as claimed in claim 1 further comprising means for adjusting the minimum gap between the jaws when said jaws are swung towards each other.
3. The crusher as claimed in claim 1 including a drive shaft rotatably mounted on one of said jaws, the drive shaft being formed with an eccentric portion, a connecting rod pivoted at one end on the eccentric portion and at the other end to the other jaw, the connecting rod being pivoted to the drive shaft and to the other jaw remote from the pivotal mounting of the jaws.
4. The crusher as claimed in claim 3 further comprising means for adjusting the minimum gap between the jaws when said jaws are swung towards each other, said means comprising means for adjusting the length of the connecting rod.
5. The crusher as claimed in claim 1, including: a drive shaft rotatably mounted on one of said jaws, said drive shaft being formed with an eccentric portion at each end thereof;
a first connecting rod pivoted at one end to one of said eccentric portions and at the other end to the other jaw; and a second connecting rod pivoted at one end to the other of said eccentric portions and at the other end to the other jaw; said connecting rods being disposed on opposite sides of the jaws and being pivoted to the drive shaft and to said other jaw remote from the pivotal mountings of the jaw.
a first connecting rod pivoted at one end to one of said eccentric portions and at the other end to the other jaw; and a second connecting rod pivoted at one end to the other of said eccentric portions and at the other end to the other jaw; said connecting rods being disposed on opposite sides of the jaws and being pivoted to the drive shaft and to said other jaw remote from the pivotal mountings of the jaw.
6. The crusher as claimed in claim 5 further comprising means for adjusting the minimum gap between the jaws when said jaws are swung towards each other.
7. The crusher as claimed in claim 6 in which said means for adjusting said minimum gap between the jaws includes a further shaft pivoted on said other jaw parallel to the drive shaft, the further shaft being formed with eccentric portions, the said other ends of the connecting rods being rotatable on the further eccentric portions and clampable thereon, whereby partial rotation of the further shaft within the connecting rods will adjust said minimum gap between said jaws.
8. The crusher as claimed in claim 6 wherein said means for adjusting the minimum gap between the jaws when said jaws are swung towards each other comprises means for adjusting the length of the connecting rods.
9. The crusher as claimed in claim 1 wherein each jaw is pivoted adjacent the upper end thereof and said means for driving said jaws is connected to said jaws adjacent the lower ends thereof.
10. The crusher as claimed in claim 3 wherein each jaw is pivoted adjacent the upper end thereof and said means for driving said jaws is connected to said jaws adjacent the lower ends thereof.
11. The crusher as claimed in claim 5 wherein each jaw is pivoted adjacent the upper end thereof and said means for driving said jaws is connected to said jaws adjacent the lower ends thereof.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000478457A CA1239916A (en) | 1985-04-04 | 1985-04-04 | Crushing apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000478457A CA1239916A (en) | 1985-04-04 | 1985-04-04 | Crushing apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1239916A true CA1239916A (en) | 1988-08-02 |
Family
ID=4130199
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000478457A Expired CA1239916A (en) | 1985-04-04 | 1985-04-04 | Crushing apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1239916A (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-04-04 CA CA000478457A patent/CA1239916A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |