CA1233067A - Franking machines - Google Patents
Franking machinesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1233067A CA1233067A CA000469144A CA469144A CA1233067A CA 1233067 A CA1233067 A CA 1233067A CA 000469144 A CA000469144 A CA 000469144A CA 469144 A CA469144 A CA 469144A CA 1233067 A CA1233067 A CA 1233067A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- belt
- printing
- franking machine
- belts
- around
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B17/00—Franking apparatus
- G07B17/00459—Details relating to mailpieces in a franking system
- G07B17/00508—Printing or attaching on mailpieces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B17/00—Franking apparatus
- G07B17/00459—Details relating to mailpieces in a franking system
- G07B17/00508—Printing or attaching on mailpieces
- G07B2017/00516—Details of printing apparatus
- G07B2017/00524—Printheads
- G07B2017/00548—Mechanical printhead
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
- Dot-Matrix Printers And Others (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract:
A franking machine adapted to print variable data as well as constant data onto mail as it is presented to the machine has a printing mechanism for printing at least the variable data which comprises a plurality of endless belts of self-inking material containing printing indicia around their external surfaces; a separate drive means for each belt for advancing same to present different ones of said printing indicia to the printing station; microprocessor means adapted to control the operation of the separate drive means; transducer means adapted to produce an elec-trical signal indicative of the positron to which a belt has moved at any instant relative to a reference position;
and, means for feeding to the microprocessor the said electrical signal or signals derived therefrom whereby the microprocessor is continually made aware of the position occupied by each movable belt.
A franking machine adapted to print variable data as well as constant data onto mail as it is presented to the machine has a printing mechanism for printing at least the variable data which comprises a plurality of endless belts of self-inking material containing printing indicia around their external surfaces; a separate drive means for each belt for advancing same to present different ones of said printing indicia to the printing station; microprocessor means adapted to control the operation of the separate drive means; transducer means adapted to produce an elec-trical signal indicative of the positron to which a belt has moved at any instant relative to a reference position;
and, means for feeding to the microprocessor the said electrical signal or signals derived therefrom whereby the microprocessor is continually made aware of the position occupied by each movable belt.
Description
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Improvement sin and relating to_Erankin~ machines Field of the Invention _ This invention concerns franking machines and particularly the mechanisms incorporated therein for changing variable data such as dates and postal charges incorporated into the information to be franked.
undo to the invention The mechanisms used hitherto have in general been complex arrays of levers and dials with many moving parts. It lo is an object of the present invention to provide a data changing mechanism having few moving parts.
Summary of the invention __ _ _. _ According to the invention, there is provided a franking machine adapted to print data at least some of which is variable onto mail presented to the machine, the printing mechanism for printing at least the variable data comprising: (i) a plurality of endless belts of self-inking material having printing indicia around their external surfaces; (ii) a separate drive means cooperating with each belt at one position around its endless path, for advancing the belt to present different ones of said printing indicia , . I,.
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to a printing station at a position around the said endless path remote from the drive means; (iii) microprocessor means adapted to control the operation of separate drive means;
live transducer means adapted to produce an electrical signal indicative of the position to which a belt has moved at an instant relative to a reference position; (v) means for feeding to the microprocessor the said electrical signal or signals derived therefrom whereby the microprocessor is continually updated on the position occupied by each movable belt; and wherein (vi) each belt bears surface projections with which cooperate teeth on a toothed transmission member.
In one embodiment of the invention a separate small electric motor is provided for driving each belt containing printing indicia and each motor is controlled by signals from the microprocessor In a preferred embodiment of the invention the belts are divided into pairs and one small electric motor is provided for each pair and clutch means is provided between each electric motor and at least one of the belts in each said pair whereby rotation of the motor in one direction causes one of the belts of the pair to be advanced whilst rotation of the motor in the reverse direction causes the other of the belts of the pair to be advanced, thereby reducing the number of motors required.
In one arrangement two drums are mounted on a single shaft, each drum serving to support or drive one of a pair of belts as aforesaid, and each drum is driven from the single shaft by means of a unidirectional clutch, each of the two clutches acting in the opposite sense.
issue In another arrangement two drums are again mounted on a single shaft, one drum being mounted directly on the shaft and the other through the intermediary of a unidirectional clutch and adjustment of the belts is achieved by rotating both drums (and thereby belts) until the drum and belt driven through the one way clutch is in the desired position and then by rotating the other drum (which is mixed to the shaft) in the opposite direction until the desired angular position of the other belt has been reached.
Where the belts have smooth internal surfaces, slip can occur between the belts and their respective drums. In this event it is not possible to utilize the angular rotation of a drum to determine where the belt has reached during a rotation thereof.
Accordingly it is another feature ox the invention that the external surface of each belt is formed with detectable features at regular intervals there around (typically radially outwardly protruding platforms on which the indicia (no. raised characters) intended for printing are carried) and a position sensing device is provided having the same number (or a multiple thereof) of teeth there around as there are gaps between indicia-bearing platforms around each belt, the teeth engaging the gaps around the belts, so that advancement of the belt will cause rotation of the position sensing device, which rotation can either give a direct reading or can be decoded so as to give an indication of the belt angular position and thereby the indicia on the belt which occupies the printing position for the time being.
It will be seen that the invention thus provides a position determining means for indicating the position ox a belt of rubber or the like bearing printing indicia which is ,, , ~23~6~
independent of any slip between the belt and its driving means.
In a simple arrangement the position sensing means also comprises position displaying means by providing a window through which the circumference of each position sensing device can be viewed and characters or the like are carried by the said circumference which can be seen through the window and by suitable correlation the character seen in the window can be arranged to correspond to the character around the belt currently occupying the printing position.
Where the belt has a smooth inside surface and is of porous material the inking of the external surface of the belt is most easily achieved by causing the belt to pass around an inking pad at its lowermost position so that ink is squeezed out of the pad onto and into the porous material at the lowermost position within the belt, conveniently corresponding to the printing location. The pad is conveniently associated with an ink reservoir.
If the bulk can have internally directed teeth, then position sensing can be simplified by utilizing toothed driving wheels/drums for the belts. In this case the position of the belts can be determined by reference to the angular rotation of the driving wheel or drum for the belt concerned.
According to a preferred feature of the invention a composite belt cross section may be employed to advantage where part of the width of the belt is formed on its inside surface with radially inwardly directed teeth for engaging between teeth around a driving wheel or drum and the remainder of the width is flat and the belt is formed from 36~6~
porous material and the flat surface is urged into contact with an inking pad at the rear of a printing station.
In order to provide proper support behind each indicia, the latter must be laterally displaced relative to the inwardly directed teeth of the belt.
Preferably the position sensor means generates electrical signals which can drive an electrical display for indicate in the indicia it print characters) which occupy the printing position. In particular the indicia (or lo characters) relating to the postage value may be indicated in the display device According to another aspect of the invention an electronic memory associated with the microprocessor may be used as an internal account keeping device together with a second electronic memory containing a running total of the credit balance remaining in the franking machine at any time.
Such second electronic memory is conveniently automatic-ally increased to take account of each prepayment made by the user in manner known per so.
It will be understood that the endless belts, referred to may be in the form of belts stretched around a driving wheel or drum or shaft at one end of the belt and around an inking reservoir at the other end thereof.
Alternatively the belts may be stretched around a Solon-Dracula drum or like under or formed integrally therewith to rotate with the drum or like member.
33~67 The invention will now be illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure l is a perspective view of a printing head and platen mechanism embodying features of the invention;
Figure 2 is a second perspective view of the mechanism of Figure l from a different angle;
Figure 3 is a side view of the mechanism of Figure l viewed in the direction of arrow 3 and with the side plate removed;
Figure 4 is a similar side view of the mechanism shown in lo Figure l viewed from the opposite direction to that of arrow 3 and with the side plate removed;
Figure 5 is a diagrammatic side view showing part of the printing and indexing mechanism contained within the printing head of the mechanism shown in Figures 1 and 2;
Figure 6 is a top plan view of the mechanism shown in Figure l;
Figure 7 is an underside view of the same mechanism;
Figure 8 is a top plan view, partly diagrammatic in ,`i''JZ
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format, of a complete printing head assembly for a franking machine incorporating printing head mechanisms such as shown in Figures 1 to 7;
Figure 9 is a front elevation of the apparatus shown in plan in Figure 8 with protective covers removed to illustrate the interior of the printing heads;
Figure 10 is a view in the direction of arrow 10 in Figure 9 with some of the elements removed for clarity to illustrate the indexing and printing mechanism within one of the printing head mechanisms of Figure 9;
Figure 11 is a side view of the apparatus shown in Figure 9 viewed in the direction of arrow 11 in Figure 9 illustrating relative layout of component parts;
Figure 12 illustrates the interior of a drive wheel ratchet having a unidirectional characteristic, and Figure 13 is a cross section of the drive wheel ratchet arrangement of Figure 12.
Figure I is an underside view of the printing head of Figures 1 - 7 shown partly in cross-section on a plane throucJh the axis of rotation of the shafts 80, 82; and Figure 15 is an underside of the platen and head assembly of Figures 1 - 7 with the cover plate 52 of Figure 7 removed.
Detailed description of drawings In Figures 1 and 2 there is shown a basic printing head ~3~16~7 mechanism of the type which can be incorporated in-to a franking machine or the like. The mechanism shown in Figures 1 and 2 and the subsequent five Figures is intended to illustrate the principle of operation and construction more clearly than is the case when the components are miniaturized and compacted more densely than in the mechanism shown. A final Norm of the apparatus illustrating the use of the same type of printing head in a parallel multi-head arrangement in a franking machine is shown in later Figures.
In the drawings a base plate 10 serves as a support for two side plates 12 and 14. A drive motor and gearbox assembly (not shown in detail) 16 is attached to and extends beyond the side wall 14 and serves to rotate a drive shaft 18 carrying a main print head operating cam 20 and a supplementary switch-actuating cam 22.
Also between the two side cheeks 12 and 14 extends a second shaft or rod 24 which is parallel to but spaced from and to the rear of the drive shaft 18.
The printing head comprises a generally rectangular housing 26 which is pivotal attached at 28 on the one side and at a similar point (not visible in the drawings) on the other side of the housing 26 by means of stub axles, to opposite side members 30 and 32 respectively of a yoke assembly generally designated 34.
The latter is relatively freely floating in that it is secured to the base plate 10 through a lost motion connection best seen in Figures 3 and 4. This comprises an upstanding pin 36 having an enlarged head 38 which holds captive the generally flat plate section of the yoke ~Z33~67 g _ assembly 34. The latter includes an aperture snot shown) which is oversize relative to the diameter of the pin 36 so that the plate of the yoke assembly 34 can, in fact, tilt to one side or the other as well as in a generally up and down manner relative to the base plate 10.
The yoke assembly is held in place by means of a spring 40 located between a point of attachment at 42 in the middle ox the plate of the yoke assembly 34 and attached to a fisher plate 44 which itself is threaded on the rod 24 extending between the two side cheeks 12 and 14. The spring is selected so as to still be in tension when the side arms of the yoke assembly 30 end 32 engage the underside of the axle 18 which is the normal centralized position for the assembly under the action of the spring 40.
The yoke assembly and therefore the printing head 26 can be moved in downward direction or printing by rotation of the cam 20 to deflect the yoke I in the direction of the arrow 46 (see Figure 3).
The printing head includes a print face I containing characters which, it inked, will leave a suitable impression on an envelope or letter situated thereunder and alic3ned with and below the print face I is a platen 50 which is located in position by means of an under plate assembly 52 secured in position by means of four screws as can best be seen in Figure 7.
Removal of the plate 52 gives uninterrupted access through an aperture (not shown) in the base plate 10, to the print face 48 to facilitate checking, cleaning and replacing members of the print head assembly.
33~7 The orientation of the print head 26 relative to the yoke arms 30 and 32 is maintained by means of at least one spring best seen in Figure l. The spring includes two radial arms 52 and 54 and is looped at its centre around the protruding end of the stub-shaft 28 the outboard end of which is enlarged to prevent the spring loop from leaving the stub-shaft.
The outboard ends of the radial arms 52 and 54 are secured on the one hand in an aperture 56 in the arm 30 and around a fixed stand-off 58 attached to the side of the print head housing 26.
A similar spring (not shown) is provided on the other side of the housing 26 between it and the other arm 32 of the yoke assembly.
The springs::~re selected so as to hold the print head housing 26 in the orientation shown in Figures l, 2 and 3.
Any attempt to tilt the head 26 in either direction denoted by the double-headed arrow 60 in Figure 3 will be resisted by the spring and the restoring force stored in the sprlny will tend to return the housing 26 Jo the orientation shown in Figures 1 to 3 as soon as any force tending to tilt the housing 26 relative to the yoke assembly is removed. Such a tilting force is, of course, exerted on the printing head assembly 26 in the event that an envelope or package is located below the print face 48 which is no of uniform thickness so that part of the print face is prevented from traveling in a downward direction by the same amount as another part of the print face.
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The interaction of the two arms 30 and 32 with the rod 18 serves to centralize the yoke assembly and therefore the housing 26. However, once the cam 20 has rotated so as to depress the yoke assembly in the direction of the arrow I the interaction between the arms 30 and 32 ceases and the yoke assembly becomes freely floating by virtue of the fact that the point of contact between the cam 20 and the yoke plate, the point of attachment 42 of the spring 40 with the yoke plate and the rear mounting pin 36 are all on a straight line which is substantially perpendicular to the axis of pivoting of the head 26 relative to the yoke assembly and established by the stub-shafts of which one is denoted by reference numeral 28.
As a consequence the head 26 can, relative to the base plate lo and therefore the platen 50, tilt not only in the direction of the double-headed arrow 60 but also from side to side as indicated by the curved arrows 62 and 64 in Figure lithe printing head can therefore accommodate gross unevenness in a packet or envelope located there below.
The printing head itself includes four endless belts of which one is shown at 66 in Figure 5, arrayed in parallel-spaced arrangement within the head. Each follows a generally oval path and at its lower end passes around an inking reservoir and transfer pad not shown in detail but designated by reference numeral 68. To this end the material from which the endless loop 66 is formed is preferably porous at least to certain printing inks and forms a so-called retentive pad porous rubber printing medium. The belt or loop 66 is formed around its external surface with a series of upstanding segments such as 70 and 72 each of which can if desired carry a character in 33~7 relief which when the material forming the bulk or loop 66 is saturated with ink will form an impression of the character on a sheet of paper or the like located below the printing head in the position designated in dotted outline at 74. To this end, an opening is provided in the underside of the housing through which the lowermost of the segments 70, 72 eta can just protrude and in the illustration this is denoted by reference numeral 76.
At its upper end the belt passes around a driving pulley 78 which is either mounted directly onto one of the two head drive shafts 80 or 82 or is connected thereto through the intermediary o-E a unidirectional clutch (to be described). In Figure 5 the driving wheel 78 can be thought of as comprising the shaft 80 or mounted thereon.
Drive for the shaft 82 is provided by a first electric motor I the output shaft of which includes a toothed pinion 86 which meshes with a gearwheel 88 which in turn drives a second toothed pinion 90 for driving a larger diameter gearwheel 92 splinted or otherwise secured to the shaft 82.
For clarity, the second motor and gear train for driving the other aligned buy separate shaft 80 are not shown in Figures 1 and 2. However, it is to be understood that the second motor is mounted back-to-back and Roy be in axial alignment with a first motor and a second gear train similar to that transmitting drive between the first motor and the shaft 82 is provided between the second motor (not shown) output shaft and the shaft 80.
Each of the two shafts 80 and 82 extends into the housing 26 by a sufficient amount to almost touch the opposite end ~233~67 of the other shaft. However, the two shafts are entirely separate from a rotational point of view Within the housing 26, two of the four endless belts such as 70 are driven by one of the shafts 80 and another two are driven by the shaft 82.
As will hereinafter be described, one of the endless belts in each pair is driven through a unidirectional clutch so that rotation of the shaft, for example, I in one direction will rotate both of the endless belts associated therewith but in the other direction will only drive the endless belt which is directly connected Jo the shaft or to a driving wheel itself non-rotatably secured on the shaft. Consequently the two endless belts can be independently set so as to present selected characters such as 76 for printing by first of all rotating both of the endless belts in one direction until the first character associated with the clutched belt is in position and thereafter rotating the shaft in the opposite sense until the other character associated with the fixed wheel ; 20 or belt has been moved into position.
The other pair of endless belts can be set in a similar manner by rotation of the other motor, first in one direction and then the other.
Although not shown, it is to be understood that a separate unidirectional clutch may be provided for each drive to each of the belts so that both belts are completely independent and rotation of the shaft such as 80 in one direction will only cause one of the belts to be rotated whilst rotation in the other direction will cause the other belt to be rotated.
It is, of course, not easy to see which particular character has been displayed in the window on the underside of. the printing head for any particular belt and to this end a toothed indexing wheel is associated with each individual belt. One such wheel is shown at I in Figure 5. The spacing between the teeth around the indexing wheel 94 is commensurate with the spacing between the upstanding segments such as 70, 72 around the endless belt 66 so that as the belt rotates so the indexing wheel lo must rotate by a corresponding number of segments. The indexing wheel 94 includes one or more electrical contacts (not shown) which, as the wheel 94 is indexed, make different combinations of connection between a plurality of conductors designated by reference numerals 96 and 98 by way of example only, carried by a conductor card 100 sandwiched between the index wheel 94 and the next index wheel along. These cards are more clearly shown in Figure l and it wit} be noted that flying leads such as 102 are connected to the conductors such as 96, 98 eta for conveying the pattern of electrical connections to a microprocessor or the like to establish the precise positions of the four index wheels 94. By appropriately coding the electrical connections, so an electrical signal can be derived indicative of the angular position of each of the four wheels 94 which therefore corresponds to the rotational position of the associated four endless belts 66 and therefore the four characters or groups of characters contained by the belts in the window in the underside of the printing head 26.
The window and surrounding framework constitutes a print face 48 of Figure 3.
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In Figures 2, 3 and 6 the bundle of conductors -to the conductor cards 100 are only shown leading to one of the cards. In practice, a single bundle would in fact be led to and make connection with each of the cards as is shown in Figure 1.
Reverting to Figure 1, a micro switch 104 is shown mounted close to the second cam 22 mounted on the shaft 18 with the micro switch actuating lever 106 acting as a cam follower. The cam is shaped and fitted to the shaft 18 so that the micro switch is operated once every revolution of the shaft 18 and is opened (or closed) as required at a position in which the lobe of the cam 20 is furthest from the plate of the yoke assembly 34.
The design of print head assembly shown in Figures 1 to 7 is eminently suitable for incorporation into a franking machine in which a plurality of such head assemblies are located side~Qby side. Each different head assembly can then be dedicated to one particular task associated with the franking of mail and appropriate characters and printing devices are located in each such ducked printincJ head assembly.
Arrangements such as this is shown in Figure 8 where four such printing heads are mounted at the end of four freely floating yoke or arm assemblies. The four printing heads are designated 108, 110, 112 and 114 and their respective support arms by the reference numerals 116, 118, 120 and 122.
Actuating cams, each corresponding to the cam 20 of Figure 1, are denoted by reference numerals 124, 126, 128 and 130 respectively.
- I -The lost motion free pivot points corresponding to the rear pin 36, 38 of Figure 3 are denoted by reference numerals 132, 134, 136 and 138 respectively.
Springs corresponding to the spring 40 of Figure 3 are shown at 140, 142, 144 and 146.
The cams 124 to 130 are all mounted on a common shaft 148 and drive therefore is derived therefrom a motor and gearbox assembly (not shown) similar to the item 16 of Figure 1.
Figure 9 illustrates the assembly of Figure 8 from the front as an elevation thereof in the direction of arrow 8.
Print head 114 and 112 are each an ink loaded porous rubber stamp having a print face 115 and 113 respectively containing characters or indicia which when urged into contact with a sheet of paper such as the outside of an envelope or packet will produce a pattern of information thereon.
Roy print heads 110 and 108 respectively are constructed basically in the same way as the head shown in Figures 1 to 7 in -that they comprise a series of endless belts (see Figure 11) of which one is designated 1~8 which have outwardly protruding segments containing characters for printing. Mach of the belts can be indexed by appropriate rotation of one or the other of two drive shafts 150 and 152 which are themselves driven by toothed wheels 154 and 156 respectively themselves driven by worm gears 158 and 160 respectively on the outward shafts of two motors 162 ~3~:36~7 and 164.
The print head 110, however, is not motor-driven but is manually ruble to adjust the print head characters and to this end two thimbles 166 and 168 are provided which have external serrakions such as at 170 which engage appropriately toothed wheels 172 and 174 respectively.
The toothed wheels just referred to serve to drive one or other of two short axles (not shown) to rotate one or other of the endless belts such as 176 and the endless belts are engaged by externally segmented indicator wheels of which one is designated at 178 each having external protrusions for engaging in the segments around the endless belt 176 so as to rotate therewith.
By providing one indicator wheel for each of the endless belts 176 eta, so the characters lined up in the printing station by adjustment of the four endless belts 176 eta can be displayed on the appropriate indicator wheels behind a window 180 provided in a front inclined wall of a housing 182 which covers the whole assembly.
The franking machine thus incorporates three different types of pruning head within the overall assembly, two in which the printing plates are selE-inked for life and two in which the endless belts are of a porous material and are replenished by ink from a reservoir such as at 184 (see Figure 10).
Figure 11 shows the layout of the various parts making up the overall assembly at least insofar as the print head 108 is concerned. To this end there is a yoke 116 and spring 140, operating cam 124 on shaft 148 and a stop shaft 186 (not shown in Figure 8) extends across and 1~33~
prevents upward movement of the yoke assembly 116 beyond a certain amount under the action of the spring 1~0.
The encoder assembly 188 corresponds to the encoder cards 100 of Figures 1 to 7 embodiment and shown diagrammatically at 190 is one of the toothed wheels containing the electrical conductors which set up the contacts and circulates on the encoder boards and which rotates with rotation of the endless belt 148.
Below the printing stage is shown a soft resiliently deformable pad 192 to absorb unevenness and thick contents of envelopes and packets. A stop 194 running along the length of the base 196 behind the platen area 192 serves as a guide as to where the envelope, packet or the like should be pushed before the printing head is lowered.
Figures 12 and 13 illustrate a unidirectional clutch arrangement on which a shaft 196 has secured therein a diametrically extending dog 198 for engaging the inside of an annuls 200 which is formed as a circular internal ratchet. The dog 198 is slid able axially within the shaft 196. As the shaft 196 rotates in the direction of the arrow 202, drive is transmitted between the end 20~ of the dog 19~ and one ox the teeth of the ratchet. Rotation of the shalt 196 in the opposite direction to arrow 202 causes the dog to ride up the inclined surface 206 and to enter the cutaway region 208 on the opposite side of the ratchet wheel so that there is no tendency for any rotational drive to occur between the shaft 196 and the internal ratchet wheel 200.
Figure 14 shows more clearly than the views of Figures 1 -7 the internal detail of the printing head 26. The shafts ~33C~
. -- 19 --80, 82 are formic] with reduced axially parallel grooves at their inboard ends one of which is shown in the cross-sectioned halt view ox Figure 14, at 210. Rolling elements such as 212 are located in the grooves and support an annular member such as at 214 forming part o-f one of the driving wheels 78. The design of the grooves and rolling elements and shape of the interior of the annular member 21~ is such that rotation of the shaft in one direction transmits drive to the driving wheel 78' whilst in the other direction, to the driving wheel 78~.
Endless bands containing printing characters are fitted around the driving wheels I as previously described.
An electrical position-indicating signal is obtained from the rotation of the indexing wheel 94 co-operating with the driving wheel 78', 78" etc. In the view shown in Figure 14 indexing wheel 94' co-operates with driving wheel 78'. On the left hand side in figure 14 the indexing wheels eta a Shannon cross-section and the sliding electrical contact between the wheel and the conductive tracks on its associated card 100'. However, in the non-section half ox Figure 14 there can clearly be seen at 216 and 218. The indexing wheels 34', I eta are freely rotatable above their central supporting axle 220 whilst the cards are non-rotatable relative thereto.
Fic~LIre 15 demonstrates how, after removing the cover plate 52 (shown in Figure 7) the underside of the printing head 26 can be clearly seen to permit the semi-permanent printing matter to be changed if required. This is shown as the rectangular cross-hatched region 222 defining the aperture 224 through which the variable printing characters protrude. The region 222 is held in place by six screws 226 and is replaceable by other surrounds as required by removing the screws 226.
Improvement sin and relating to_Erankin~ machines Field of the Invention _ This invention concerns franking machines and particularly the mechanisms incorporated therein for changing variable data such as dates and postal charges incorporated into the information to be franked.
undo to the invention The mechanisms used hitherto have in general been complex arrays of levers and dials with many moving parts. It lo is an object of the present invention to provide a data changing mechanism having few moving parts.
Summary of the invention __ _ _. _ According to the invention, there is provided a franking machine adapted to print data at least some of which is variable onto mail presented to the machine, the printing mechanism for printing at least the variable data comprising: (i) a plurality of endless belts of self-inking material having printing indicia around their external surfaces; (ii) a separate drive means cooperating with each belt at one position around its endless path, for advancing the belt to present different ones of said printing indicia , . I,.
:~33~
to a printing station at a position around the said endless path remote from the drive means; (iii) microprocessor means adapted to control the operation of separate drive means;
live transducer means adapted to produce an electrical signal indicative of the position to which a belt has moved at an instant relative to a reference position; (v) means for feeding to the microprocessor the said electrical signal or signals derived therefrom whereby the microprocessor is continually updated on the position occupied by each movable belt; and wherein (vi) each belt bears surface projections with which cooperate teeth on a toothed transmission member.
In one embodiment of the invention a separate small electric motor is provided for driving each belt containing printing indicia and each motor is controlled by signals from the microprocessor In a preferred embodiment of the invention the belts are divided into pairs and one small electric motor is provided for each pair and clutch means is provided between each electric motor and at least one of the belts in each said pair whereby rotation of the motor in one direction causes one of the belts of the pair to be advanced whilst rotation of the motor in the reverse direction causes the other of the belts of the pair to be advanced, thereby reducing the number of motors required.
In one arrangement two drums are mounted on a single shaft, each drum serving to support or drive one of a pair of belts as aforesaid, and each drum is driven from the single shaft by means of a unidirectional clutch, each of the two clutches acting in the opposite sense.
issue In another arrangement two drums are again mounted on a single shaft, one drum being mounted directly on the shaft and the other through the intermediary of a unidirectional clutch and adjustment of the belts is achieved by rotating both drums (and thereby belts) until the drum and belt driven through the one way clutch is in the desired position and then by rotating the other drum (which is mixed to the shaft) in the opposite direction until the desired angular position of the other belt has been reached.
Where the belts have smooth internal surfaces, slip can occur between the belts and their respective drums. In this event it is not possible to utilize the angular rotation of a drum to determine where the belt has reached during a rotation thereof.
Accordingly it is another feature ox the invention that the external surface of each belt is formed with detectable features at regular intervals there around (typically radially outwardly protruding platforms on which the indicia (no. raised characters) intended for printing are carried) and a position sensing device is provided having the same number (or a multiple thereof) of teeth there around as there are gaps between indicia-bearing platforms around each belt, the teeth engaging the gaps around the belts, so that advancement of the belt will cause rotation of the position sensing device, which rotation can either give a direct reading or can be decoded so as to give an indication of the belt angular position and thereby the indicia on the belt which occupies the printing position for the time being.
It will be seen that the invention thus provides a position determining means for indicating the position ox a belt of rubber or the like bearing printing indicia which is ,, , ~23~6~
independent of any slip between the belt and its driving means.
In a simple arrangement the position sensing means also comprises position displaying means by providing a window through which the circumference of each position sensing device can be viewed and characters or the like are carried by the said circumference which can be seen through the window and by suitable correlation the character seen in the window can be arranged to correspond to the character around the belt currently occupying the printing position.
Where the belt has a smooth inside surface and is of porous material the inking of the external surface of the belt is most easily achieved by causing the belt to pass around an inking pad at its lowermost position so that ink is squeezed out of the pad onto and into the porous material at the lowermost position within the belt, conveniently corresponding to the printing location. The pad is conveniently associated with an ink reservoir.
If the bulk can have internally directed teeth, then position sensing can be simplified by utilizing toothed driving wheels/drums for the belts. In this case the position of the belts can be determined by reference to the angular rotation of the driving wheel or drum for the belt concerned.
According to a preferred feature of the invention a composite belt cross section may be employed to advantage where part of the width of the belt is formed on its inside surface with radially inwardly directed teeth for engaging between teeth around a driving wheel or drum and the remainder of the width is flat and the belt is formed from 36~6~
porous material and the flat surface is urged into contact with an inking pad at the rear of a printing station.
In order to provide proper support behind each indicia, the latter must be laterally displaced relative to the inwardly directed teeth of the belt.
Preferably the position sensor means generates electrical signals which can drive an electrical display for indicate in the indicia it print characters) which occupy the printing position. In particular the indicia (or lo characters) relating to the postage value may be indicated in the display device According to another aspect of the invention an electronic memory associated with the microprocessor may be used as an internal account keeping device together with a second electronic memory containing a running total of the credit balance remaining in the franking machine at any time.
Such second electronic memory is conveniently automatic-ally increased to take account of each prepayment made by the user in manner known per so.
It will be understood that the endless belts, referred to may be in the form of belts stretched around a driving wheel or drum or shaft at one end of the belt and around an inking reservoir at the other end thereof.
Alternatively the belts may be stretched around a Solon-Dracula drum or like under or formed integrally therewith to rotate with the drum or like member.
33~67 The invention will now be illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure l is a perspective view of a printing head and platen mechanism embodying features of the invention;
Figure 2 is a second perspective view of the mechanism of Figure l from a different angle;
Figure 3 is a side view of the mechanism of Figure l viewed in the direction of arrow 3 and with the side plate removed;
Figure 4 is a similar side view of the mechanism shown in lo Figure l viewed from the opposite direction to that of arrow 3 and with the side plate removed;
Figure 5 is a diagrammatic side view showing part of the printing and indexing mechanism contained within the printing head of the mechanism shown in Figures 1 and 2;
Figure 6 is a top plan view of the mechanism shown in Figure l;
Figure 7 is an underside view of the same mechanism;
Figure 8 is a top plan view, partly diagrammatic in ,`i''JZ
33~
format, of a complete printing head assembly for a franking machine incorporating printing head mechanisms such as shown in Figures 1 to 7;
Figure 9 is a front elevation of the apparatus shown in plan in Figure 8 with protective covers removed to illustrate the interior of the printing heads;
Figure 10 is a view in the direction of arrow 10 in Figure 9 with some of the elements removed for clarity to illustrate the indexing and printing mechanism within one of the printing head mechanisms of Figure 9;
Figure 11 is a side view of the apparatus shown in Figure 9 viewed in the direction of arrow 11 in Figure 9 illustrating relative layout of component parts;
Figure 12 illustrates the interior of a drive wheel ratchet having a unidirectional characteristic, and Figure 13 is a cross section of the drive wheel ratchet arrangement of Figure 12.
Figure I is an underside view of the printing head of Figures 1 - 7 shown partly in cross-section on a plane throucJh the axis of rotation of the shafts 80, 82; and Figure 15 is an underside of the platen and head assembly of Figures 1 - 7 with the cover plate 52 of Figure 7 removed.
Detailed description of drawings In Figures 1 and 2 there is shown a basic printing head ~3~16~7 mechanism of the type which can be incorporated in-to a franking machine or the like. The mechanism shown in Figures 1 and 2 and the subsequent five Figures is intended to illustrate the principle of operation and construction more clearly than is the case when the components are miniaturized and compacted more densely than in the mechanism shown. A final Norm of the apparatus illustrating the use of the same type of printing head in a parallel multi-head arrangement in a franking machine is shown in later Figures.
In the drawings a base plate 10 serves as a support for two side plates 12 and 14. A drive motor and gearbox assembly (not shown in detail) 16 is attached to and extends beyond the side wall 14 and serves to rotate a drive shaft 18 carrying a main print head operating cam 20 and a supplementary switch-actuating cam 22.
Also between the two side cheeks 12 and 14 extends a second shaft or rod 24 which is parallel to but spaced from and to the rear of the drive shaft 18.
The printing head comprises a generally rectangular housing 26 which is pivotal attached at 28 on the one side and at a similar point (not visible in the drawings) on the other side of the housing 26 by means of stub axles, to opposite side members 30 and 32 respectively of a yoke assembly generally designated 34.
The latter is relatively freely floating in that it is secured to the base plate 10 through a lost motion connection best seen in Figures 3 and 4. This comprises an upstanding pin 36 having an enlarged head 38 which holds captive the generally flat plate section of the yoke ~Z33~67 g _ assembly 34. The latter includes an aperture snot shown) which is oversize relative to the diameter of the pin 36 so that the plate of the yoke assembly 34 can, in fact, tilt to one side or the other as well as in a generally up and down manner relative to the base plate 10.
The yoke assembly is held in place by means of a spring 40 located between a point of attachment at 42 in the middle ox the plate of the yoke assembly 34 and attached to a fisher plate 44 which itself is threaded on the rod 24 extending between the two side cheeks 12 and 14. The spring is selected so as to still be in tension when the side arms of the yoke assembly 30 end 32 engage the underside of the axle 18 which is the normal centralized position for the assembly under the action of the spring 40.
The yoke assembly and therefore the printing head 26 can be moved in downward direction or printing by rotation of the cam 20 to deflect the yoke I in the direction of the arrow 46 (see Figure 3).
The printing head includes a print face I containing characters which, it inked, will leave a suitable impression on an envelope or letter situated thereunder and alic3ned with and below the print face I is a platen 50 which is located in position by means of an under plate assembly 52 secured in position by means of four screws as can best be seen in Figure 7.
Removal of the plate 52 gives uninterrupted access through an aperture (not shown) in the base plate 10, to the print face 48 to facilitate checking, cleaning and replacing members of the print head assembly.
33~7 The orientation of the print head 26 relative to the yoke arms 30 and 32 is maintained by means of at least one spring best seen in Figure l. The spring includes two radial arms 52 and 54 and is looped at its centre around the protruding end of the stub-shaft 28 the outboard end of which is enlarged to prevent the spring loop from leaving the stub-shaft.
The outboard ends of the radial arms 52 and 54 are secured on the one hand in an aperture 56 in the arm 30 and around a fixed stand-off 58 attached to the side of the print head housing 26.
A similar spring (not shown) is provided on the other side of the housing 26 between it and the other arm 32 of the yoke assembly.
The springs::~re selected so as to hold the print head housing 26 in the orientation shown in Figures l, 2 and 3.
Any attempt to tilt the head 26 in either direction denoted by the double-headed arrow 60 in Figure 3 will be resisted by the spring and the restoring force stored in the sprlny will tend to return the housing 26 Jo the orientation shown in Figures 1 to 3 as soon as any force tending to tilt the housing 26 relative to the yoke assembly is removed. Such a tilting force is, of course, exerted on the printing head assembly 26 in the event that an envelope or package is located below the print face 48 which is no of uniform thickness so that part of the print face is prevented from traveling in a downward direction by the same amount as another part of the print face.
33C~
The interaction of the two arms 30 and 32 with the rod 18 serves to centralize the yoke assembly and therefore the housing 26. However, once the cam 20 has rotated so as to depress the yoke assembly in the direction of the arrow I the interaction between the arms 30 and 32 ceases and the yoke assembly becomes freely floating by virtue of the fact that the point of contact between the cam 20 and the yoke plate, the point of attachment 42 of the spring 40 with the yoke plate and the rear mounting pin 36 are all on a straight line which is substantially perpendicular to the axis of pivoting of the head 26 relative to the yoke assembly and established by the stub-shafts of which one is denoted by reference numeral 28.
As a consequence the head 26 can, relative to the base plate lo and therefore the platen 50, tilt not only in the direction of the double-headed arrow 60 but also from side to side as indicated by the curved arrows 62 and 64 in Figure lithe printing head can therefore accommodate gross unevenness in a packet or envelope located there below.
The printing head itself includes four endless belts of which one is shown at 66 in Figure 5, arrayed in parallel-spaced arrangement within the head. Each follows a generally oval path and at its lower end passes around an inking reservoir and transfer pad not shown in detail but designated by reference numeral 68. To this end the material from which the endless loop 66 is formed is preferably porous at least to certain printing inks and forms a so-called retentive pad porous rubber printing medium. The belt or loop 66 is formed around its external surface with a series of upstanding segments such as 70 and 72 each of which can if desired carry a character in 33~7 relief which when the material forming the bulk or loop 66 is saturated with ink will form an impression of the character on a sheet of paper or the like located below the printing head in the position designated in dotted outline at 74. To this end, an opening is provided in the underside of the housing through which the lowermost of the segments 70, 72 eta can just protrude and in the illustration this is denoted by reference numeral 76.
At its upper end the belt passes around a driving pulley 78 which is either mounted directly onto one of the two head drive shafts 80 or 82 or is connected thereto through the intermediary o-E a unidirectional clutch (to be described). In Figure 5 the driving wheel 78 can be thought of as comprising the shaft 80 or mounted thereon.
Drive for the shaft 82 is provided by a first electric motor I the output shaft of which includes a toothed pinion 86 which meshes with a gearwheel 88 which in turn drives a second toothed pinion 90 for driving a larger diameter gearwheel 92 splinted or otherwise secured to the shaft 82.
For clarity, the second motor and gear train for driving the other aligned buy separate shaft 80 are not shown in Figures 1 and 2. However, it is to be understood that the second motor is mounted back-to-back and Roy be in axial alignment with a first motor and a second gear train similar to that transmitting drive between the first motor and the shaft 82 is provided between the second motor (not shown) output shaft and the shaft 80.
Each of the two shafts 80 and 82 extends into the housing 26 by a sufficient amount to almost touch the opposite end ~233~67 of the other shaft. However, the two shafts are entirely separate from a rotational point of view Within the housing 26, two of the four endless belts such as 70 are driven by one of the shafts 80 and another two are driven by the shaft 82.
As will hereinafter be described, one of the endless belts in each pair is driven through a unidirectional clutch so that rotation of the shaft, for example, I in one direction will rotate both of the endless belts associated therewith but in the other direction will only drive the endless belt which is directly connected Jo the shaft or to a driving wheel itself non-rotatably secured on the shaft. Consequently the two endless belts can be independently set so as to present selected characters such as 76 for printing by first of all rotating both of the endless belts in one direction until the first character associated with the clutched belt is in position and thereafter rotating the shaft in the opposite sense until the other character associated with the fixed wheel ; 20 or belt has been moved into position.
The other pair of endless belts can be set in a similar manner by rotation of the other motor, first in one direction and then the other.
Although not shown, it is to be understood that a separate unidirectional clutch may be provided for each drive to each of the belts so that both belts are completely independent and rotation of the shaft such as 80 in one direction will only cause one of the belts to be rotated whilst rotation in the other direction will cause the other belt to be rotated.
It is, of course, not easy to see which particular character has been displayed in the window on the underside of. the printing head for any particular belt and to this end a toothed indexing wheel is associated with each individual belt. One such wheel is shown at I in Figure 5. The spacing between the teeth around the indexing wheel 94 is commensurate with the spacing between the upstanding segments such as 70, 72 around the endless belt 66 so that as the belt rotates so the indexing wheel lo must rotate by a corresponding number of segments. The indexing wheel 94 includes one or more electrical contacts (not shown) which, as the wheel 94 is indexed, make different combinations of connection between a plurality of conductors designated by reference numerals 96 and 98 by way of example only, carried by a conductor card 100 sandwiched between the index wheel 94 and the next index wheel along. These cards are more clearly shown in Figure l and it wit} be noted that flying leads such as 102 are connected to the conductors such as 96, 98 eta for conveying the pattern of electrical connections to a microprocessor or the like to establish the precise positions of the four index wheels 94. By appropriately coding the electrical connections, so an electrical signal can be derived indicative of the angular position of each of the four wheels 94 which therefore corresponds to the rotational position of the associated four endless belts 66 and therefore the four characters or groups of characters contained by the belts in the window in the underside of the printing head 26.
The window and surrounding framework constitutes a print face 48 of Figure 3.
3306~
In Figures 2, 3 and 6 the bundle of conductors -to the conductor cards 100 are only shown leading to one of the cards. In practice, a single bundle would in fact be led to and make connection with each of the cards as is shown in Figure 1.
Reverting to Figure 1, a micro switch 104 is shown mounted close to the second cam 22 mounted on the shaft 18 with the micro switch actuating lever 106 acting as a cam follower. The cam is shaped and fitted to the shaft 18 so that the micro switch is operated once every revolution of the shaft 18 and is opened (or closed) as required at a position in which the lobe of the cam 20 is furthest from the plate of the yoke assembly 34.
The design of print head assembly shown in Figures 1 to 7 is eminently suitable for incorporation into a franking machine in which a plurality of such head assemblies are located side~Qby side. Each different head assembly can then be dedicated to one particular task associated with the franking of mail and appropriate characters and printing devices are located in each such ducked printincJ head assembly.
Arrangements such as this is shown in Figure 8 where four such printing heads are mounted at the end of four freely floating yoke or arm assemblies. The four printing heads are designated 108, 110, 112 and 114 and their respective support arms by the reference numerals 116, 118, 120 and 122.
Actuating cams, each corresponding to the cam 20 of Figure 1, are denoted by reference numerals 124, 126, 128 and 130 respectively.
- I -The lost motion free pivot points corresponding to the rear pin 36, 38 of Figure 3 are denoted by reference numerals 132, 134, 136 and 138 respectively.
Springs corresponding to the spring 40 of Figure 3 are shown at 140, 142, 144 and 146.
The cams 124 to 130 are all mounted on a common shaft 148 and drive therefore is derived therefrom a motor and gearbox assembly (not shown) similar to the item 16 of Figure 1.
Figure 9 illustrates the assembly of Figure 8 from the front as an elevation thereof in the direction of arrow 8.
Print head 114 and 112 are each an ink loaded porous rubber stamp having a print face 115 and 113 respectively containing characters or indicia which when urged into contact with a sheet of paper such as the outside of an envelope or packet will produce a pattern of information thereon.
Roy print heads 110 and 108 respectively are constructed basically in the same way as the head shown in Figures 1 to 7 in -that they comprise a series of endless belts (see Figure 11) of which one is designated 1~8 which have outwardly protruding segments containing characters for printing. Mach of the belts can be indexed by appropriate rotation of one or the other of two drive shafts 150 and 152 which are themselves driven by toothed wheels 154 and 156 respectively themselves driven by worm gears 158 and 160 respectively on the outward shafts of two motors 162 ~3~:36~7 and 164.
The print head 110, however, is not motor-driven but is manually ruble to adjust the print head characters and to this end two thimbles 166 and 168 are provided which have external serrakions such as at 170 which engage appropriately toothed wheels 172 and 174 respectively.
The toothed wheels just referred to serve to drive one or other of two short axles (not shown) to rotate one or other of the endless belts such as 176 and the endless belts are engaged by externally segmented indicator wheels of which one is designated at 178 each having external protrusions for engaging in the segments around the endless belt 176 so as to rotate therewith.
By providing one indicator wheel for each of the endless belts 176 eta, so the characters lined up in the printing station by adjustment of the four endless belts 176 eta can be displayed on the appropriate indicator wheels behind a window 180 provided in a front inclined wall of a housing 182 which covers the whole assembly.
The franking machine thus incorporates three different types of pruning head within the overall assembly, two in which the printing plates are selE-inked for life and two in which the endless belts are of a porous material and are replenished by ink from a reservoir such as at 184 (see Figure 10).
Figure 11 shows the layout of the various parts making up the overall assembly at least insofar as the print head 108 is concerned. To this end there is a yoke 116 and spring 140, operating cam 124 on shaft 148 and a stop shaft 186 (not shown in Figure 8) extends across and 1~33~
prevents upward movement of the yoke assembly 116 beyond a certain amount under the action of the spring 1~0.
The encoder assembly 188 corresponds to the encoder cards 100 of Figures 1 to 7 embodiment and shown diagrammatically at 190 is one of the toothed wheels containing the electrical conductors which set up the contacts and circulates on the encoder boards and which rotates with rotation of the endless belt 148.
Below the printing stage is shown a soft resiliently deformable pad 192 to absorb unevenness and thick contents of envelopes and packets. A stop 194 running along the length of the base 196 behind the platen area 192 serves as a guide as to where the envelope, packet or the like should be pushed before the printing head is lowered.
Figures 12 and 13 illustrate a unidirectional clutch arrangement on which a shaft 196 has secured therein a diametrically extending dog 198 for engaging the inside of an annuls 200 which is formed as a circular internal ratchet. The dog 198 is slid able axially within the shaft 196. As the shaft 196 rotates in the direction of the arrow 202, drive is transmitted between the end 20~ of the dog 19~ and one ox the teeth of the ratchet. Rotation of the shalt 196 in the opposite direction to arrow 202 causes the dog to ride up the inclined surface 206 and to enter the cutaway region 208 on the opposite side of the ratchet wheel so that there is no tendency for any rotational drive to occur between the shaft 196 and the internal ratchet wheel 200.
Figure 14 shows more clearly than the views of Figures 1 -7 the internal detail of the printing head 26. The shafts ~33C~
. -- 19 --80, 82 are formic] with reduced axially parallel grooves at their inboard ends one of which is shown in the cross-sectioned halt view ox Figure 14, at 210. Rolling elements such as 212 are located in the grooves and support an annular member such as at 214 forming part o-f one of the driving wheels 78. The design of the grooves and rolling elements and shape of the interior of the annular member 21~ is such that rotation of the shaft in one direction transmits drive to the driving wheel 78' whilst in the other direction, to the driving wheel 78~.
Endless bands containing printing characters are fitted around the driving wheels I as previously described.
An electrical position-indicating signal is obtained from the rotation of the indexing wheel 94 co-operating with the driving wheel 78', 78" etc. In the view shown in Figure 14 indexing wheel 94' co-operates with driving wheel 78'. On the left hand side in figure 14 the indexing wheels eta a Shannon cross-section and the sliding electrical contact between the wheel and the conductive tracks on its associated card 100'. However, in the non-section half ox Figure 14 there can clearly be seen at 216 and 218. The indexing wheels 34', I eta are freely rotatable above their central supporting axle 220 whilst the cards are non-rotatable relative thereto.
Fic~LIre 15 demonstrates how, after removing the cover plate 52 (shown in Figure 7) the underside of the printing head 26 can be clearly seen to permit the semi-permanent printing matter to be changed if required. This is shown as the rectangular cross-hatched region 222 defining the aperture 224 through which the variable printing characters protrude. The region 222 is held in place by six screws 226 and is replaceable by other surrounds as required by removing the screws 226.
Claims (11)
1. A franking machine adapted to print data at least some of which is variable onto mail presented to the machine, the printing mechanism for printing at least the variable data comprising:
(i) a plurality of endless belts of self-inking material having printing indicia around their external surfaces;
(ii) a separate drive means cooperating with each belt at one position around its endless path, for advancing the belt to present different ones of said printing indicia to a printing station at a position around the said endless path remote from the drive means;
iii) microprocessor means adapted to control the operation of separate drive means;
(iv) transducer means adapted to produce an electrical signal indicative of the position to which a belt has moved at any instant relative to a reference position;
(v) means for feeding to the microprocessor the said electrical signal or signals derived therefrom whereby the microprocessor is continually updated on the position occupied by each movable belt; and wherein (vi) each belt bears surface projections with which cooperate teeth on a toothed transmission member.
(i) a plurality of endless belts of self-inking material having printing indicia around their external surfaces;
(ii) a separate drive means cooperating with each belt at one position around its endless path, for advancing the belt to present different ones of said printing indicia to a printing station at a position around the said endless path remote from the drive means;
iii) microprocessor means adapted to control the operation of separate drive means;
(iv) transducer means adapted to produce an electrical signal indicative of the position to which a belt has moved at any instant relative to a reference position;
(v) means for feeding to the microprocessor the said electrical signal or signals derived therefrom whereby the microprocessor is continually updated on the position occupied by each movable belt; and wherein (vi) each belt bears surface projections with which cooperate teeth on a toothed transmission member.
2. A franking machine according to claim 1, wherein a small electric motor is provided for driving each belt having printing indicia and each motor is controlled by signals from the microprocessor.
3. A franking machine according to claim 2, wherein the belts are divided into pairs and one small electric motor is provided for each pair and clutch means is provided between each electric motor and at least one of the belts in each said pair whereby rotation of the motor in one direction causes one of the belts of the pair to be advanced whilst rotation of the motor in the reverse direction causes the other of the belts of the pair to be advanced.
4. A franking machine according to claim 3, wherein two drums are mounted on a single shaft, each drum serving to drive one of a pair of belts as aforesaid, and each drum is driven from the single shaft by means of a uni-directional clutch, the two clutches respectively acting in opposite senses.
5. A franking machine according to claim 3, wherein two drums are mounted on a single shaft, one drum being mounted directly onto the shaft and the other through the intermediary of a uni-directional clutch.
6. A franking machine according to claim 1, wherein the external surface of each belt is formed at regular intervals therearound with protruding platforms carrying the printing indicia and a position-sensing device is provided having the same number (or a multiple thereof) of teeth therearound as there are gaps between indicia-bearing platforms around each belt, the teeth engaging the gaps around the belts, so that advancement of the belt will cause a rotation of the position-sensing device to deter-mine which indicia on the belt instantenously occupies the printing position.
7. A franking machine according to claim 6, wherein the position-sensing device generates electrical signals which drive an electrical display for indicating the indicia which for the time being occupy the printing position.
8. A franking machine according to claim 1, including position displaying means movable with a window through which the position-sensing device can be viewed and characters are carried by the said displaying means which can be seen through the window, the character seen in the window corresponding to the character around the belt currently occupying the printing position.
9. A franking machine according to claim 1, wherein the belt has a smooth inside surface and is of porous material and the inking of the external surface of the belt is achieved by passing the belt around an inking pad at its lowermost printing position so that ink is squeezed out of the pad into the porous material at the printing position of the belt.
10. A franking machine according to claim 1, wherein a belt of composite cross-section is employed in which part of the width of the belt is formed on its inside surface with radially inwardly directed teeth for engaging between teeth around a driving wheel and the remainder of the width of the belt internal surface is flat, and the belt is formed from porous material and the flat surface is urged into contact with an inking pad at the rear of a printing station.
11. A franking machine according to claim 1, wherein an electronic memory is associated with the microprocessor for use as an internal account keeping device together with a second electronic memory containing a running total of the credit balance remaining in the franking machine at any time.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08332242A GB2150503B (en) | 1983-12-02 | 1983-12-02 | Franking machines |
| GB8332242 | 1983-12-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1233067A true CA1233067A (en) | 1988-02-23 |
Family
ID=10552739
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000469144A Expired CA1233067A (en) | 1983-12-02 | 1984-12-03 | Franking machines |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4665821A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0162169B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS60138696A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1233067A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3483580D1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2150503B (en) |
| PL (1) | PL250668A1 (en) |
| SG (1) | SG1388G (en) |
| YU (1) | YU203084A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01129242A (en) * | 1987-11-13 | 1989-05-22 | Sharp Corp | Reciprocating mechanism for original platen of copying device |
| US4923023A (en) * | 1987-12-17 | 1990-05-08 | Pitney Bowes Inc. | Modular mailing machine |
| US4893249A (en) * | 1987-12-17 | 1990-01-09 | Pitney Bowes, Inc. | Mailing machine |
| US4945831A (en) * | 1988-12-28 | 1990-08-07 | Pitney Bowes Inc. | Ink tray drive |
| FR2646943B3 (en) * | 1989-05-09 | 1991-05-10 | Tabacs & Allumettes Ind | STAMP MACHINE |
Family Cites Families (32)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE166670C (en) * | ||||
| GB379124A (en) * | 1930-10-02 | 1932-08-25 | British Thomson Houston Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to electro-hydraulic apparatus |
| GB720260A (en) * | 1951-05-08 | 1954-12-15 | Schwenk Zementwerke Ges Mit Be | Improved installation for manufacturing and applying mortar |
| GB727955A (en) * | 1953-07-29 | 1955-04-13 | Barford Agricultural Ltd | Improvements in or relating to free wheel units |
| DE1031601B (en) * | 1953-09-03 | 1958-06-04 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Reverse gear |
| US2905294A (en) * | 1956-03-12 | 1959-09-22 | Clemson Bros Inc | Shuttle-pin clutch drive mechanism for lawn mowers |
| FR1199431A (en) * | 1958-02-26 | 1959-12-14 | Improvement of reversal mechanisms | |
| GB877161A (en) * | 1959-03-03 | 1961-09-13 | Seewer Gustave August | Improved dough-rolling machine |
| DE1174650B (en) * | 1962-08-10 | 1964-07-23 | Braun Ag | Dry shaver with revolving drive |
| DE1212028B (en) * | 1964-03-23 | 1966-03-10 | Pfaff Ag G M | Lack of budget |
| US3421437A (en) * | 1967-02-09 | 1969-01-14 | Takaji Funahashi | Revolving stamp |
| GB1179285A (en) * | 1967-08-17 | 1970-01-28 | Roneo Ltd | Improved Postal Franking Machine. |
| US3524406A (en) * | 1968-07-03 | 1970-08-18 | Norsta Eng | Marking apparatus having register means |
| US3667307A (en) * | 1968-07-19 | 1972-06-06 | Kienzle Apparate Gmbh | Stepping clutch device |
| US3504622A (en) * | 1968-09-13 | 1970-04-07 | Ralph Morrison | Print wheel setting and detenting means with electrical controls therefor |
| US3886862A (en) * | 1970-11-24 | 1975-06-03 | Monarch Marking Systems Inc | Selective printing apparatus |
| US3972281A (en) * | 1971-10-07 | 1976-08-03 | Norprint Limited | Adjustable print-out selection mechanisms |
| US3750565A (en) * | 1972-01-10 | 1973-08-07 | Pitney Bowes Inc | Print-setting apparatus |
| GB1431143A (en) * | 1973-05-28 | 1976-04-07 | Funahashi Takaji | Rubber hand stamps |
| US3902413A (en) * | 1973-09-27 | 1975-09-02 | Powell Shademarker Company | Shade marker |
| US3872789A (en) * | 1973-12-13 | 1975-03-25 | Electronic Memories & Magnetic | Printer with print wheels having coded perforations for selective positioning |
| US3921518A (en) * | 1974-01-16 | 1975-11-25 | Pitney Bowes Inc | High speed printer |
| AU8644275A (en) * | 1974-11-12 | 1977-05-12 | Bienholz S H | Print assembly |
| US3978457A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1976-08-31 | Pitney-Bowes, Inc. | Microcomputerized electronic postage meter system |
| US4246643A (en) * | 1978-02-13 | 1981-01-20 | Pitney Bowes Inc. | Low cost postage applicator |
| DD139154B1 (en) * | 1978-10-04 | 1981-02-25 | Walter Arpert | DOUBLE ACTIVITIES |
| US4164191A (en) * | 1978-10-17 | 1979-08-14 | The Singer Company | Sewing machine motor actuated pneumatic pump for needle threading |
| US4259902A (en) * | 1979-10-30 | 1981-04-07 | Pitney Bowes Inc. | Electronic postage meter with power failure accounting protection system |
| JPS56144658U (en) * | 1980-04-02 | 1981-10-31 | ||
| US4367676A (en) * | 1981-05-22 | 1983-01-11 | Pitney Bowes, Inc. | Postage meter value selecting system |
| US4410287A (en) * | 1982-06-01 | 1983-10-18 | M. E. Cunningham Company | Single wheel billet marker |
| US4506344A (en) * | 1982-06-04 | 1985-03-19 | Pitney Bowes Inc. | Hand held electronic postage meter having secure postage meter doors |
-
1983
- 1983-12-02 GB GB08332242A patent/GB2150503B/en not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-11-27 EP EP84308223A patent/EP0162169B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-11-27 DE DE8484308223T patent/DE3483580D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-11-30 US US06/676,851 patent/US4665821A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-11-30 PL PL25066884A patent/PL250668A1/en unknown
- 1984-12-01 JP JP59254931A patent/JPS60138696A/en active Pending
- 1984-12-03 YU YU02030/84A patent/YU203084A/en unknown
- 1984-12-03 CA CA000469144A patent/CA1233067A/en not_active Expired
-
1988
- 1988-01-07 SG SG13/88A patent/SG1388G/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL250668A1 (en) | 1985-08-13 |
| GB2150503B (en) | 1987-05-28 |
| DE3483580D1 (en) | 1990-12-13 |
| JPS60138696A (en) | 1985-07-23 |
| EP0162169A2 (en) | 1985-11-27 |
| GB8332242D0 (en) | 1984-01-11 |
| US4665821A (en) | 1987-05-19 |
| YU203084A (en) | 1986-10-31 |
| SG1388G (en) | 1988-06-17 |
| EP0162169A3 (en) | 1987-08-19 |
| GB2150503A (en) | 1985-07-03 |
| EP0162169B1 (en) | 1990-11-07 |
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| MKEX | Expiry |