CA1230315A - Vehicle for cargo transport - Google Patents
Vehicle for cargo transportInfo
- Publication number
- CA1230315A CA1230315A CA000429995A CA429995A CA1230315A CA 1230315 A CA1230315 A CA 1230315A CA 000429995 A CA000429995 A CA 000429995A CA 429995 A CA429995 A CA 429995A CA 1230315 A CA1230315 A CA 1230315A
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- drum
- belt
- loading
- vehicle
- floor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
VEHICLE FOR CARGO TRANSPORT
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The vehicle for the cargo transport comprises a movable loading floor consisting at least partially of a belt supported by the floor of the vehicle, said loading floor being connected at its one end to at least one loading drum arranged near the front end of the vehicle floor and at its other end to an unloading drum arranged near the rear end of the vehicle floor and being adapted to be wound onto and off said drums. According to the invention the belt of the loading floor substantially extends over the whole width of the vehicle floor, and one or two fluid motors are arranged in the unloading drum the shafts of the motors being rotationally coupled to the inside of the unloading drum. Bulk materials as well as piece goods can be un-loaded without residues remaining on the loading area of the vehicle.
The whole width of the loading space can be utilized. No person has to enter the loading floor for loading or unloading purposes.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The vehicle for the cargo transport comprises a movable loading floor consisting at least partially of a belt supported by the floor of the vehicle, said loading floor being connected at its one end to at least one loading drum arranged near the front end of the vehicle floor and at its other end to an unloading drum arranged near the rear end of the vehicle floor and being adapted to be wound onto and off said drums. According to the invention the belt of the loading floor substantially extends over the whole width of the vehicle floor, and one or two fluid motors are arranged in the unloading drum the shafts of the motors being rotationally coupled to the inside of the unloading drum. Bulk materials as well as piece goods can be un-loaded without residues remaining on the loading area of the vehicle.
The whole width of the loading space can be utilized. No person has to enter the loading floor for loading or unloading purposes.
Description
~3~3~
VEHICLE FOR CARGO TRANSP~RT
The invention relates to a vehicle for transporting cargo, i.e. bulk materials or piece goods, especially to a combination consisking of a tractor and a trailer, having a loading and unloading device which comprises a flexible loading floor adapted to be moved forward and backward by drive means.
Motor vehicles for transporting cargo having a loading and unloading equipment are known the loading floor of which is conducted via guide rollers by means of wire cables or a chain system and is suitable only for transporting pallets.
An equipment for the longitudinal displacement of goods on a trailer during loading or unloading is known from United States Patent No. 3,704,798. This equipment substantially comprises a belt supported by and longitudinally slidable on the vehicle floor and -coupled to a platform at its front end. The belt can be pulleddirectly to the rear side by a drum, and, via a guided cable acting on the platform, to the front side by a roll. As a result of the cable guidance the movable belt cannot cover the whole width of the vehicle floor so that the loading capacity cannot completely be utilized. The suspension oF the platform at overhead rails is only possible with closed vehicle bodies. Furthermore, the platform prevents the loading floor from being completely taken up so that load placed on the plat-form cannot be unloaded backwards by simply wrapping up the belt A vehicle having a flexible loading floor movably supported on the vehicle floor is also known from the European Patent Application No. 0 027 ~09. In this case the loading width of the belt is smaller than the width of the loading space. This vehicle is little suited for transporting piece goods because the goods covering the belt do not completely fill up the whole loading capacity of the vehicle, 3~3~
It is the principal object of the present invention to provide a vehicle for transporting freight with an unloading and loading device which can be used for transporting bulk materials as well as piece goods.
In accordance with the present invention there is proved a vehicle for transporting cargo comprising a movable loading 100r consisting at least partially of a be]t supported by the floor of the vehicle, said loading floor being connected at its one end to at least one loading drum arranged near the front end of the vehicle floor and at its other end to an unloading drum arranged near the rear end of the vehicle 100r and being adapted to be wound onto and off said drums which are coupled to rotational drive means, the belt of the loading floor extending substantially over the lS full width of the vehicle floor and at least one fluid motor being arranged in the unloading drum, the shaft of each fluid motor being rotationally connected to the inside of the unloading drum.
Preferably, the unloading drum substantially extends over the full width of the vehicle floor because it is driven by fluid motor(s) lying within the drum. In this way motors laterally projecting from the vehicle as well as unloading drums and belt floors designed smaller than the available vehicle floor are avoided. So it is possible to cover practically the whole vehicle floor, especially the entire width--------------------------------------------~L;23~3~i of the floor, with the belt~ and to grasp the whole width of the beltby the drum. In this way bulk materials can be unloaded without residues remaining on the vehicle loading area and without special sealings to prevent bulk material frolTI creeping aside or below the belt. The dimen-sions of the load-carrying portion of the loading floor simultaneously result in a maxinlization of the loading area. In the preferred embodi-ment a cloth is used as the belt.
Preferably the unloading and loading equipment of the vehicle is designed so that the belt formincJ
the load-carrying portion of the loading floor is substantially supported by the vehicle floor, the loading floor being connected at its one end to a loading drum which forms part of the driving means, is capable of being rotated clockwise and counter-clockwise and is located near the driver's cab, and at its other end to an un10ading drum which forms part of the driving means, is capable of being rotated clockwise and counter-clockwise and is located remote from the driver's cab.
The portion of the loading and unloading device which forms the loading floor can conveniently have two different designs. According to one embodiment not only the load-carrying portion of the load;ng floor is a belt, e.g. a cloth belt, but the loading floor as a whole substantlally consists of a belt. This embodiment is suitable for trans-porting bulk materials as well as piece goods.
According to the other embodiment the loading floor is a combination of its load-carrying portion consisting of a belt and at least one cable, one end of said belt being coupled to the cable and the other end of the belt being coupled to the unloading drum.
When the loading floor is formed by a bel~ and at least one cable the coupling between the cable and the end of the belt is preferably attained via a substantially vertical frame or front wall capable of being moved together with the belt. The use of a front wall which can.be moved together with the cloth belt has the advantage that the toppling ahead of piece goods (when braking suddenly) is avoided when the vehicle is only partially loaded or the partially filled loading floor is displaced for loading or unloading purposes.
When using the embodiment with a~most the complete loading floor consisting of a belt it is not ad~isable to providè a co ~ vable ~ ~3~3~
vertical frame, as transporting bulk material it is possible that some will fall behind the frame and can no longer be removed from there with the unloading system in the usual manner~
With the embodiment having a co-movable vertical frame the frame is clamped to the belt along almost the whole width thereof and is furthermore provided with two cable pulleys, the cable connected to the loading drum being conducted around the pulleys.
Preferably the belt is not directly conducted to the unload-ing drum but via a guide roller. In this way difficulties are avoided which arise from the increasing winding diameter when directly rolling up the belt onto the unloading drum: The rise and lifting of the belt from the veh;cle floor by the increasing winding diameter would easily cause bulk material to pass below the belt and - when transporting piece goods - an e~cessive belt stressing and the danger of the piece units to tilt over.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention each fluid motor is mounted to the chassis of the vehicle by means of a support. In this case the support is conveniently formed as a cylin-drical casing surrounding the motor. The assembly of cylindrical casing and fluid motor is placed in the unloading drum with the chsing being mounted to a plate solid to the chassis via an external ~lange. The driving shaft of the fluid motor emerges from the cylindrical casing through the internal front side facing the center of the unloading drum, and is connected to the unloading drum via coupling means trans-mitting the rotation of the driving shaft to the enveloping ùnloadingdrum. With this arrangement the assembly consisting of the fluid motor ; having a stationary casing and a rotary shaft, and the unloading drum driven by it can be considered as an inverted drum engine.
Conveniently a first disk provided with engagement means is coupled to the shaft of each fluid motor, a second disk correlated to said first disk and provided with engagement means is fixed in the unloading drum, and the engagement means of said first and second disks are in engagement with each other. With the preferred embodiment two fluid motors together with their couplings are symmetrically arranged with regard to the central plane of the unlbading drum in the drum ends.
This double drive avoids torsional stresses of the unloading drum. With ~L2~ S
an other embodiment a fluid motor is mounted only in one end of the unloacling drum. In this case, likewise, the coupling has to act on the drunl symnletrically to its cen~ral plane.
The loading and unloading device is particularly used with an assembly consisting of a tractor truck and a trailer. Its use with a freight car or being installed in a container or a railroad freight car is also possible.
In principle all types of bulk materials, even sharp materials, as e.g. rubbish and sand, can be transported by the vehicle of the invention. Domestic refuse can be transported, too. Pallets, pots, vessels, boxes or similar goods can be transported as piece goods.
The above-ment;oned broad use o~ the unloading and loading device with regard to the type of goods to be moved therewith is an essential advantage. It is also an important advantage that the maximum loading area is utilized which is equal to the area of the vehicle floor.
In combination with the fact that the unloading and loading device can also be installed without any restriction in a veh;cle having a closed body, this means a further increase of the net load capacity so that the structure of the body and chassis can be designed lighter because the closed body has an increased stability. The load capacity is indeed practically only limited by the legally admissible weight which is 50 metric tons for truck and trailer combinations.
When transporting bulk materials the vehicle according to the invention can be charged through one or more suitable charging holes which can be placed e.g. in the roof structure of the vehicle.
According to a particular embodiment a conveyer belt is adapted to be attached to the rear end of the vehicle below the loading floor and to be driven by the same drive medium as the unloading drum for running substantially transversely to said loading floor, the length of said belt being at least equal to the width of the loading floor. This conveyer belt allows the dischar~e of ~ulk ~aterial ~n a substantially smaller width than is possible without the attached transversely running conveyer belt. Consequently, the bulk goods can be discharged into narrow chutes, hatches or onto another narrow 35 conveyer belt. The length of the conveyer belt is preferably equal to at least the width of the loading floor so that the entire discharge of the floor can be picked up by the conveyer belt. The width of the conveyer belt amounts to e.g. S to 30 % of the loading floor. Generally, the conveyer belt is hydraulically driven. This can be accomplished without problems because the hydraulic conduits are laid to the fluid S motor(s) of the unloading drum and consequently the fluid connection of the motor of the conveyer belt can be established by two short flexible lines. The conveyer belt is advantageously conducted around two rolls one of which is driven. It can be mounted at the chassis below the vehicle, and carried along at that place.
Other objects, advantages and features of the invention will be apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
lS Fig. 1 is a part;ally broken away side view of a tractor and trailer combination equipped with the embodiment of a loading and unloading device provided with belt and cable and a co-movable frame, consequently to be used for transporting piece goods;
Fig. 2 is a front view of the front winch ins~allation or loading drum equipment;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view taken along reference line III-~II of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along reference line IV-IV
of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is a front view of the movable frame;
Fig. 6 is a side view of the movable frame;
Fig. 7 is a front view of the front winch installation with the loading drum for the embodiment in which the loading floor of the unloading and loading device consists almost completely of a belt;
Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along reference line YIII-VIII of Fig. 7 showing the loading drum;
Fig. 9 is a side view ot the rear portion of the vehicle with attached conveyer belt for unloading bulk material;
Fig. 10 is a top plan view of the arrangement shown in Fig. 9;
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Fig. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of the unloading drum with the internal drive according to the invention~ in an enlarged scale; and Fig. 12 is a sectional view of one end of the unloading drum in an enlarged scale showing the passage of the fluid lines to the motor.
In Fig. 1 reference number 1 denotes a combination of a truck tractor 2 and a trailer 3. The trailer has at its front end the front winch installation 4 and at its rear end the unloading installation 6. Reference number 5 denotes the co-movable front wall or frame, and reference number 7 marks the belt which lies on and covers the tractor floor.
The front winch installation 4 comprises two cable drums 8 (groove length lS m) and two pressure rubber drums 9 placed above the cable drums in order to conduct the cable into the groove 11. The cable drums 8 are hydraulically driven via a transmission system lQ
comprising a speed reduction and a chain transmission.
The unloading installation 6 comprises the unloading drum 13 and the guide drum 12 around which the belt 7 is conducted.
The front wall or frame 5 (Figures 5 and 6) has the shape of an open-work grating and is provided with two steel cable pulleys 1~,15 with the steel cable (not shown) running around the pulleys to the front end, i.e. through two slots in the front wall of the trailer to the front winch installation. The dimensions and the arrangement of the front winch installation including the protecting cover 16 is selected so that it totally remains within the head radius of the trailer.
The belt 7, one end of which is led via the guide drum 12 to the unloading drum 13 and connected therewith, is connected at its other end to the frame 5 over its entire width (Fig. 6).
With the embodiment of the loading and unloading device the loading floor of which comprises belt and cable as shown in the Figures 1 to 6, the length of the belt is equal to the length of the loading area + about 2 meters. The length of the cable amounts to ` ~23~3~
VEHICLE FOR CARGO TRANSP~RT
The invention relates to a vehicle for transporting cargo, i.e. bulk materials or piece goods, especially to a combination consisking of a tractor and a trailer, having a loading and unloading device which comprises a flexible loading floor adapted to be moved forward and backward by drive means.
Motor vehicles for transporting cargo having a loading and unloading equipment are known the loading floor of which is conducted via guide rollers by means of wire cables or a chain system and is suitable only for transporting pallets.
An equipment for the longitudinal displacement of goods on a trailer during loading or unloading is known from United States Patent No. 3,704,798. This equipment substantially comprises a belt supported by and longitudinally slidable on the vehicle floor and -coupled to a platform at its front end. The belt can be pulleddirectly to the rear side by a drum, and, via a guided cable acting on the platform, to the front side by a roll. As a result of the cable guidance the movable belt cannot cover the whole width of the vehicle floor so that the loading capacity cannot completely be utilized. The suspension oF the platform at overhead rails is only possible with closed vehicle bodies. Furthermore, the platform prevents the loading floor from being completely taken up so that load placed on the plat-form cannot be unloaded backwards by simply wrapping up the belt A vehicle having a flexible loading floor movably supported on the vehicle floor is also known from the European Patent Application No. 0 027 ~09. In this case the loading width of the belt is smaller than the width of the loading space. This vehicle is little suited for transporting piece goods because the goods covering the belt do not completely fill up the whole loading capacity of the vehicle, 3~3~
It is the principal object of the present invention to provide a vehicle for transporting freight with an unloading and loading device which can be used for transporting bulk materials as well as piece goods.
In accordance with the present invention there is proved a vehicle for transporting cargo comprising a movable loading 100r consisting at least partially of a be]t supported by the floor of the vehicle, said loading floor being connected at its one end to at least one loading drum arranged near the front end of the vehicle floor and at its other end to an unloading drum arranged near the rear end of the vehicle 100r and being adapted to be wound onto and off said drums which are coupled to rotational drive means, the belt of the loading floor extending substantially over the lS full width of the vehicle floor and at least one fluid motor being arranged in the unloading drum, the shaft of each fluid motor being rotationally connected to the inside of the unloading drum.
Preferably, the unloading drum substantially extends over the full width of the vehicle floor because it is driven by fluid motor(s) lying within the drum. In this way motors laterally projecting from the vehicle as well as unloading drums and belt floors designed smaller than the available vehicle floor are avoided. So it is possible to cover practically the whole vehicle floor, especially the entire width--------------------------------------------~L;23~3~i of the floor, with the belt~ and to grasp the whole width of the beltby the drum. In this way bulk materials can be unloaded without residues remaining on the vehicle loading area and without special sealings to prevent bulk material frolTI creeping aside or below the belt. The dimen-sions of the load-carrying portion of the loading floor simultaneously result in a maxinlization of the loading area. In the preferred embodi-ment a cloth is used as the belt.
Preferably the unloading and loading equipment of the vehicle is designed so that the belt formincJ
the load-carrying portion of the loading floor is substantially supported by the vehicle floor, the loading floor being connected at its one end to a loading drum which forms part of the driving means, is capable of being rotated clockwise and counter-clockwise and is located near the driver's cab, and at its other end to an un10ading drum which forms part of the driving means, is capable of being rotated clockwise and counter-clockwise and is located remote from the driver's cab.
The portion of the loading and unloading device which forms the loading floor can conveniently have two different designs. According to one embodiment not only the load-carrying portion of the load;ng floor is a belt, e.g. a cloth belt, but the loading floor as a whole substantlally consists of a belt. This embodiment is suitable for trans-porting bulk materials as well as piece goods.
According to the other embodiment the loading floor is a combination of its load-carrying portion consisting of a belt and at least one cable, one end of said belt being coupled to the cable and the other end of the belt being coupled to the unloading drum.
When the loading floor is formed by a bel~ and at least one cable the coupling between the cable and the end of the belt is preferably attained via a substantially vertical frame or front wall capable of being moved together with the belt. The use of a front wall which can.be moved together with the cloth belt has the advantage that the toppling ahead of piece goods (when braking suddenly) is avoided when the vehicle is only partially loaded or the partially filled loading floor is displaced for loading or unloading purposes.
When using the embodiment with a~most the complete loading floor consisting of a belt it is not ad~isable to providè a co ~ vable ~ ~3~3~
vertical frame, as transporting bulk material it is possible that some will fall behind the frame and can no longer be removed from there with the unloading system in the usual manner~
With the embodiment having a co-movable vertical frame the frame is clamped to the belt along almost the whole width thereof and is furthermore provided with two cable pulleys, the cable connected to the loading drum being conducted around the pulleys.
Preferably the belt is not directly conducted to the unload-ing drum but via a guide roller. In this way difficulties are avoided which arise from the increasing winding diameter when directly rolling up the belt onto the unloading drum: The rise and lifting of the belt from the veh;cle floor by the increasing winding diameter would easily cause bulk material to pass below the belt and - when transporting piece goods - an e~cessive belt stressing and the danger of the piece units to tilt over.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention each fluid motor is mounted to the chassis of the vehicle by means of a support. In this case the support is conveniently formed as a cylin-drical casing surrounding the motor. The assembly of cylindrical casing and fluid motor is placed in the unloading drum with the chsing being mounted to a plate solid to the chassis via an external ~lange. The driving shaft of the fluid motor emerges from the cylindrical casing through the internal front side facing the center of the unloading drum, and is connected to the unloading drum via coupling means trans-mitting the rotation of the driving shaft to the enveloping ùnloadingdrum. With this arrangement the assembly consisting of the fluid motor ; having a stationary casing and a rotary shaft, and the unloading drum driven by it can be considered as an inverted drum engine.
Conveniently a first disk provided with engagement means is coupled to the shaft of each fluid motor, a second disk correlated to said first disk and provided with engagement means is fixed in the unloading drum, and the engagement means of said first and second disks are in engagement with each other. With the preferred embodiment two fluid motors together with their couplings are symmetrically arranged with regard to the central plane of the unlbading drum in the drum ends.
This double drive avoids torsional stresses of the unloading drum. With ~L2~ S
an other embodiment a fluid motor is mounted only in one end of the unloacling drum. In this case, likewise, the coupling has to act on the drunl symnletrically to its cen~ral plane.
The loading and unloading device is particularly used with an assembly consisting of a tractor truck and a trailer. Its use with a freight car or being installed in a container or a railroad freight car is also possible.
In principle all types of bulk materials, even sharp materials, as e.g. rubbish and sand, can be transported by the vehicle of the invention. Domestic refuse can be transported, too. Pallets, pots, vessels, boxes or similar goods can be transported as piece goods.
The above-ment;oned broad use o~ the unloading and loading device with regard to the type of goods to be moved therewith is an essential advantage. It is also an important advantage that the maximum loading area is utilized which is equal to the area of the vehicle floor.
In combination with the fact that the unloading and loading device can also be installed without any restriction in a veh;cle having a closed body, this means a further increase of the net load capacity so that the structure of the body and chassis can be designed lighter because the closed body has an increased stability. The load capacity is indeed practically only limited by the legally admissible weight which is 50 metric tons for truck and trailer combinations.
When transporting bulk materials the vehicle according to the invention can be charged through one or more suitable charging holes which can be placed e.g. in the roof structure of the vehicle.
According to a particular embodiment a conveyer belt is adapted to be attached to the rear end of the vehicle below the loading floor and to be driven by the same drive medium as the unloading drum for running substantially transversely to said loading floor, the length of said belt being at least equal to the width of the loading floor. This conveyer belt allows the dischar~e of ~ulk ~aterial ~n a substantially smaller width than is possible without the attached transversely running conveyer belt. Consequently, the bulk goods can be discharged into narrow chutes, hatches or onto another narrow 35 conveyer belt. The length of the conveyer belt is preferably equal to at least the width of the loading floor so that the entire discharge of the floor can be picked up by the conveyer belt. The width of the conveyer belt amounts to e.g. S to 30 % of the loading floor. Generally, the conveyer belt is hydraulically driven. This can be accomplished without problems because the hydraulic conduits are laid to the fluid S motor(s) of the unloading drum and consequently the fluid connection of the motor of the conveyer belt can be established by two short flexible lines. The conveyer belt is advantageously conducted around two rolls one of which is driven. It can be mounted at the chassis below the vehicle, and carried along at that place.
Other objects, advantages and features of the invention will be apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
lS Fig. 1 is a part;ally broken away side view of a tractor and trailer combination equipped with the embodiment of a loading and unloading device provided with belt and cable and a co-movable frame, consequently to be used for transporting piece goods;
Fig. 2 is a front view of the front winch ins~allation or loading drum equipment;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view taken along reference line III-~II of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along reference line IV-IV
of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is a front view of the movable frame;
Fig. 6 is a side view of the movable frame;
Fig. 7 is a front view of the front winch installation with the loading drum for the embodiment in which the loading floor of the unloading and loading device consists almost completely of a belt;
Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along reference line YIII-VIII of Fig. 7 showing the loading drum;
Fig. 9 is a side view ot the rear portion of the vehicle with attached conveyer belt for unloading bulk material;
Fig. 10 is a top plan view of the arrangement shown in Fig. 9;
~Z~3~
Fig. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of the unloading drum with the internal drive according to the invention~ in an enlarged scale; and Fig. 12 is a sectional view of one end of the unloading drum in an enlarged scale showing the passage of the fluid lines to the motor.
In Fig. 1 reference number 1 denotes a combination of a truck tractor 2 and a trailer 3. The trailer has at its front end the front winch installation 4 and at its rear end the unloading installation 6. Reference number 5 denotes the co-movable front wall or frame, and reference number 7 marks the belt which lies on and covers the tractor floor.
The front winch installation 4 comprises two cable drums 8 (groove length lS m) and two pressure rubber drums 9 placed above the cable drums in order to conduct the cable into the groove 11. The cable drums 8 are hydraulically driven via a transmission system lQ
comprising a speed reduction and a chain transmission.
The unloading installation 6 comprises the unloading drum 13 and the guide drum 12 around which the belt 7 is conducted.
The front wall or frame 5 (Figures 5 and 6) has the shape of an open-work grating and is provided with two steel cable pulleys 1~,15 with the steel cable (not shown) running around the pulleys to the front end, i.e. through two slots in the front wall of the trailer to the front winch installation. The dimensions and the arrangement of the front winch installation including the protecting cover 16 is selected so that it totally remains within the head radius of the trailer.
The belt 7, one end of which is led via the guide drum 12 to the unloading drum 13 and connected therewith, is connected at its other end to the frame 5 over its entire width (Fig. 6).
With the embodiment of the loading and unloading device the loading floor of which comprises belt and cable as shown in the Figures 1 to 6, the length of the belt is equal to the length of the loading area + about 2 meters. The length of the cable amounts to ` ~23~3~
2 times the length o~ the trailer -~ 3 m and can amount to about 28 m depending on the length of the trailer.
In practice th~ unloading and loadin~ system is operated in a way that, for unloadin~, the helt with the car~o placed thereon is pulled over the trailer floor to the rear b~ means of the unloadin~ installa~ion. For loading the belt is pulled the opposite direction to the front side of the trailer by means of ~.he front winch installation at the same speed as the cargo is successively put on the belt. It is particula~ly useful before loading to take care that at least one trailer leng~h o~ belt is wrapped upon the unloading drumO After having put e.g. pallets on the belt by means of a stacker truck so that the whole width and height of the loading space is u~ilized the belt is hauled forward by the depth of one pallet. This cyle is repeated until the whole trailer is loaded. The loading can, of course, take place at diffe~ent loading stations.
The unloading and loading installation is usually provided with a limiting system having two !imit switches mounted between one of the cable drums 8 and the frame 5. These limit switches br;ng about the stopping of the system in the foremost and hindmost position. The . 20 switching of the limit switches is performed by the cable. The limiting system has to stop the device automatically when during loading the first row of the loaded piece goods, e.g. pallets, has arrived in the foremost position. The loading velocity is inf;nitely variable up to 4 meter/minute or even more.
The unloading can be performed by steps so that at first the last row of pallets is lifted from the belt and then the belt is pulled backwards by the depth of one pallet~ It is also possible to unload continuously if a gravity-roller conveyer or a conveyer belt is arranged behind the trailer. The unloading time and the loading time is variable between 3 and 10 minutes and may be shorter or longer.
The front winch installation shown in Figures 7 and 8 is used in case that the loading floor of the unloading and loading device almost complete1y consists of a belt. Through a hor;zontal slot provided in the front wall of the trailer and extending over the whole trailer width the belt is conducted forward, i.e. to the front i.. ~; . l ~;~3~3~L~
winch ;nstallation 17, and connected to the loading drum 18. The load;ng drum 1~ is at both ends coupled to a driving system 19 which comprises a combination of fluid motor and toothed-wheel ~ear~ng. This double drive avolds torsional stress act;ng on the loading drum.
One of the drive systems is provided with an impulse counter in order to stop the belt in the foremost and the hindmost position, respectively.
According to the Figures 9 and 10 several dismountable supporting beams 22 are mounted at the rear end of the trailer 3. A
conveyer belt 20 equipped with an undercarriage can be placed on said beams 22. The gap between the belt 7 and the adjacent longitudinal wall of the conveyer belt ;s br;dged by a flexible sealing member 21. A
baffle plate 23 is inserted into the opposite longitudinal wall which is adapted to avoid the overflo~ing of the bulk material when being unloaded at a high speed. The conveyer belt can be taken along with the trailer at its bottom side and can always be used when bulk goods have to be unloaded only in a small width.
The length of the belt amounts to twice the length of the trailer ~ 6 meters if the loading floor consists almost totally of a belt. It can amount to 30 meters depending on the trailer lengthO
The net loading length of both embodiments of the loading floor are almost the same. Becaus~ ~f the head radius the cable system all~ws thR trailer to be s~[~wElat.loIlger` t~an witt~ ~he ~bbod;-ment using only a belt. Some of the net loading length is1 however, lost due to the co-movable frame.
According to Fig. 11 fluid motor 24 is stationarily mounted in-side the unloading drum 13 near one of its ends, and fluid motor 37 near the other end, The fluid motors 24,37 are supported at their flanges 24a and 37a respectively by means of cyclindrical casings 25 and 3g respectively. The casings 26 and 39 respectively are mounted to support plates 41 and 42 respectively by means of flanges 27 and 40 respectively, said support plates being solid with the chassis of the vehicle. A sleeve 25 or 38, respectively, consist;ng preferably of plastics material is fixed on the outside of each cylindrical housing 26 and 39~ respectively, and serves for bearing the ends of the unloading drum 13.
31~3~33L~
One disk 28 and 36 respectively, is fixed on the shaft of each fluld motor 24 and 37, respectively, Each disk carries two teeth 29 and 34, respectively, projecting from the dlsks to the central plane o~ the unloading drum l3. Two annular disks 30 and 33, respectively, are inserted, especially welded into the drum 13. The annular disks S have each two holes 31 and 35, respectively, diametrically opposite to each other, the teeth 29 and 34, respectively, being in engagement with the holes 31 and 35, respectively. The annular disks 30 and 33 are furthermore connected by a tube 32. This structure allows to mount the fluid motors 24, 37 and the couplings 28-31 and 33-36 easily in the drum 13.
The unloading drum l3 has e.g. a leng~h of 250 cm and an external diameter of 32.5 cm. The supply of the fluid medium to the fluid motors 24,37 is accomplished by means of lines which are con ducted to the motors through an aperture 27a and 40a, respectively, in lS the flanges 27 and ~0, respect;vely. As shown in Fig. 12 for one end of the drum the lines 43 are conducted through an aperture 41a in the support plate ~1 and in a longitudinal aperture 27a of f1ange 27 to the motor 24 without projecting beyond the periphery of flange 27.
The driving means shown in the drawings are hydraulically operated, For stopping the loading floor in the foremost and hindmost position the hydraulic system is provided with e1ectrica11y actuated valves so that the system can be switched off by the above-mentioned limit switches. The hydraulic pump feeding the motors is coupled to the output end of the tractor. In special cases in which it is not allowable to load and unload with running tractor engine (tobacco, food) the trailer is provided with a 24 Volt battery with a connected electric motor which drives the hydraulic pump.
The quality of the belt forming a part of the loading floor can be different. Important properties decisive for the belt selection are aside from flexibility the coefficient of friction and the breaking strength. A plast;cs and/or cloth belt can be selected having e.g. a coefficient of friction of approx. 0.5, a thickness of approx. 3 mm and a maximum load of e.g. 33 metric tons. The belt can also be a material having the quality of a conveyer belt. It can likewise consist of a flexible metallic belt.
11 ~L~3~3~L~
The vehicle with the installed unloading and loading device as specified hereabove and shown in the drawing can be modified without departing from the invention. Thus, it is possible e.g. to design the front winch installation in the same manner as the unloading drum as an inverse drum motor.
In practice th~ unloading and loadin~ system is operated in a way that, for unloadin~, the helt with the car~o placed thereon is pulled over the trailer floor to the rear b~ means of the unloadin~ installa~ion. For loading the belt is pulled the opposite direction to the front side of the trailer by means of ~.he front winch installation at the same speed as the cargo is successively put on the belt. It is particula~ly useful before loading to take care that at least one trailer leng~h o~ belt is wrapped upon the unloading drumO After having put e.g. pallets on the belt by means of a stacker truck so that the whole width and height of the loading space is u~ilized the belt is hauled forward by the depth of one pallet. This cyle is repeated until the whole trailer is loaded. The loading can, of course, take place at diffe~ent loading stations.
The unloading and loading installation is usually provided with a limiting system having two !imit switches mounted between one of the cable drums 8 and the frame 5. These limit switches br;ng about the stopping of the system in the foremost and hindmost position. The . 20 switching of the limit switches is performed by the cable. The limiting system has to stop the device automatically when during loading the first row of the loaded piece goods, e.g. pallets, has arrived in the foremost position. The loading velocity is inf;nitely variable up to 4 meter/minute or even more.
The unloading can be performed by steps so that at first the last row of pallets is lifted from the belt and then the belt is pulled backwards by the depth of one pallet~ It is also possible to unload continuously if a gravity-roller conveyer or a conveyer belt is arranged behind the trailer. The unloading time and the loading time is variable between 3 and 10 minutes and may be shorter or longer.
The front winch installation shown in Figures 7 and 8 is used in case that the loading floor of the unloading and loading device almost complete1y consists of a belt. Through a hor;zontal slot provided in the front wall of the trailer and extending over the whole trailer width the belt is conducted forward, i.e. to the front i.. ~; . l ~;~3~3~L~
winch ;nstallation 17, and connected to the loading drum 18. The load;ng drum 1~ is at both ends coupled to a driving system 19 which comprises a combination of fluid motor and toothed-wheel ~ear~ng. This double drive avolds torsional stress act;ng on the loading drum.
One of the drive systems is provided with an impulse counter in order to stop the belt in the foremost and the hindmost position, respectively.
According to the Figures 9 and 10 several dismountable supporting beams 22 are mounted at the rear end of the trailer 3. A
conveyer belt 20 equipped with an undercarriage can be placed on said beams 22. The gap between the belt 7 and the adjacent longitudinal wall of the conveyer belt ;s br;dged by a flexible sealing member 21. A
baffle plate 23 is inserted into the opposite longitudinal wall which is adapted to avoid the overflo~ing of the bulk material when being unloaded at a high speed. The conveyer belt can be taken along with the trailer at its bottom side and can always be used when bulk goods have to be unloaded only in a small width.
The length of the belt amounts to twice the length of the trailer ~ 6 meters if the loading floor consists almost totally of a belt. It can amount to 30 meters depending on the trailer lengthO
The net loading length of both embodiments of the loading floor are almost the same. Becaus~ ~f the head radius the cable system all~ws thR trailer to be s~[~wElat.loIlger` t~an witt~ ~he ~bbod;-ment using only a belt. Some of the net loading length is1 however, lost due to the co-movable frame.
According to Fig. 11 fluid motor 24 is stationarily mounted in-side the unloading drum 13 near one of its ends, and fluid motor 37 near the other end, The fluid motors 24,37 are supported at their flanges 24a and 37a respectively by means of cyclindrical casings 25 and 3g respectively. The casings 26 and 39 respectively are mounted to support plates 41 and 42 respectively by means of flanges 27 and 40 respectively, said support plates being solid with the chassis of the vehicle. A sleeve 25 or 38, respectively, consist;ng preferably of plastics material is fixed on the outside of each cylindrical housing 26 and 39~ respectively, and serves for bearing the ends of the unloading drum 13.
31~3~33L~
One disk 28 and 36 respectively, is fixed on the shaft of each fluld motor 24 and 37, respectively, Each disk carries two teeth 29 and 34, respectively, projecting from the dlsks to the central plane o~ the unloading drum l3. Two annular disks 30 and 33, respectively, are inserted, especially welded into the drum 13. The annular disks S have each two holes 31 and 35, respectively, diametrically opposite to each other, the teeth 29 and 34, respectively, being in engagement with the holes 31 and 35, respectively. The annular disks 30 and 33 are furthermore connected by a tube 32. This structure allows to mount the fluid motors 24, 37 and the couplings 28-31 and 33-36 easily in the drum 13.
The unloading drum l3 has e.g. a leng~h of 250 cm and an external diameter of 32.5 cm. The supply of the fluid medium to the fluid motors 24,37 is accomplished by means of lines which are con ducted to the motors through an aperture 27a and 40a, respectively, in lS the flanges 27 and ~0, respect;vely. As shown in Fig. 12 for one end of the drum the lines 43 are conducted through an aperture 41a in the support plate ~1 and in a longitudinal aperture 27a of f1ange 27 to the motor 24 without projecting beyond the periphery of flange 27.
The driving means shown in the drawings are hydraulically operated, For stopping the loading floor in the foremost and hindmost position the hydraulic system is provided with e1ectrica11y actuated valves so that the system can be switched off by the above-mentioned limit switches. The hydraulic pump feeding the motors is coupled to the output end of the tractor. In special cases in which it is not allowable to load and unload with running tractor engine (tobacco, food) the trailer is provided with a 24 Volt battery with a connected electric motor which drives the hydraulic pump.
The quality of the belt forming a part of the loading floor can be different. Important properties decisive for the belt selection are aside from flexibility the coefficient of friction and the breaking strength. A plast;cs and/or cloth belt can be selected having e.g. a coefficient of friction of approx. 0.5, a thickness of approx. 3 mm and a maximum load of e.g. 33 metric tons. The belt can also be a material having the quality of a conveyer belt. It can likewise consist of a flexible metallic belt.
11 ~L~3~3~L~
The vehicle with the installed unloading and loading device as specified hereabove and shown in the drawing can be modified without departing from the invention. Thus, it is possible e.g. to design the front winch installation in the same manner as the unloading drum as an inverse drum motor.
Claims (5)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A vehicle for transporting cargo, said vehicle having a frame forming a floor which supports a movable belt for carrying the cargo, comprising:
a rotatable driven loading drum carried by the frame at its front end;
a rotatable driven unloading drum carried by the frame at its rear end;
a belt connected at its front end to the loading drum and at its rear end to the unloading drum s said belt extending across sub-stantially the full width of the floor;
a stationary first fluid motor mounted within the unloading drum and having its output shaft operatively coupled to the drum whereby the motor may be actuated to rotate the drum; and means associated with the loading drum for rotating it.
a rotatable driven loading drum carried by the frame at its front end;
a rotatable driven unloading drum carried by the frame at its rear end;
a belt connected at its front end to the loading drum and at its rear end to the unloading drum s said belt extending across sub-stantially the full width of the floor;
a stationary first fluid motor mounted within the unloading drum and having its output shaft operatively coupled to the drum whereby the motor may be actuated to rotate the drum; and means associated with the loading drum for rotating it.
2. The vehicle as set forth in claim 1 comprising:
a stationary second fluid motor mounted within the unloading drum and having its output shaft operatively coupled to said drum;
said first and second fluid motors having their output shafts aligned and extending inwardly toward the midpoint of the drum;
and means coupling the two output shafts to the unloading drum in balanced arrangement.
a stationary second fluid motor mounted within the unloading drum and having its output shaft operatively coupled to said drum;
said first and second fluid motors having their output shafts aligned and extending inwardly toward the midpoint of the drum;
and means coupling the two output shafts to the unloading drum in balanced arrangement.
3. The vehicle as set forth in claim 1 wherein the unloading drum is mounted beneath the plane of the floor, and comprising:
a guide roll supported by the frame and extending parallel to the rear of the floor in rearwardly spaced relation thereto at about the level of the belt, so that the belt may pass thereover before contacting the unloading drum.
a guide roll supported by the frame and extending parallel to the rear of the floor in rearwardly spaced relation thereto at about the level of the belt, so that the belt may pass thereover before contacting the unloading drum.
4. The vehicle as set forth in claim 2 wherein the unloading drum is mounted beneath the plane of the floor, and comprising:
a guide roll supported by the frame and extending parallel to the rear of the floor in rearwardly spaced relation thereto at about the level of the belt, so that the belt may pass thereover before contacting the unloading drum.
a guide roll supported by the frame and extending parallel to the rear of the floor in rearwardly spaced relation thereto at about the level of the belt, so that the belt may pass thereover before contacting the unloading drum.
5. The vehicle as set forth in claim 1 comprising:
an upstanding second frame positioned at the front end of the belt and extending transversely thereof, said second frame being secured to the belt; and at least one cable member connected to the second frame and the loading drum, for drawing the second frame and following belt toward the loading drum when the latter is rotated in a first direction.
an upstanding second frame positioned at the front end of the belt and extending transversely thereof, said second frame being secured to the belt; and at least one cable member connected to the second frame and the loading drum, for drawing the second frame and following belt toward the loading drum when the latter is rotated in a first direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000429995A CA1230315A (en) | 1983-06-09 | 1983-06-09 | Vehicle for cargo transport |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000429995A CA1230315A (en) | 1983-06-09 | 1983-06-09 | Vehicle for cargo transport |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1230315A true CA1230315A (en) | 1987-12-15 |
Family
ID=4125439
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000429995A Expired CA1230315A (en) | 1983-06-09 | 1983-06-09 | Vehicle for cargo transport |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1230315A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114326834A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-12 | 青岛慧拓智能机器有限公司 | Unloading method of unmanned mining truck, chip, storage medium and truck |
-
1983
- 1983-06-09 CA CA000429995A patent/CA1230315A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114326834A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-12 | 青岛慧拓智能机器有限公司 | Unloading method of unmanned mining truck, chip, storage medium and truck |
| CN114326834B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-10-27 | 青岛慧拓智能机器有限公司 | Unloading method of unmanned mining truck, chip, storage medium and truck |
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| MKEX | Expiry |