CA1229228A - Fireproof gas-permeable construction elements - Google Patents
Fireproof gas-permeable construction elementsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1229228A CA1229228A CA000428621A CA428621A CA1229228A CA 1229228 A CA1229228 A CA 1229228A CA 000428621 A CA000428621 A CA 000428621A CA 428621 A CA428621 A CA 428621A CA 1229228 A CA1229228 A CA 1229228A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- refractory
- metal
- unit according
- elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/48—Bottoms or tuyéres of converters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
- B22D1/002—Treatment with gases
- B22D1/005—Injection assemblies therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A fireproof construction module for blowing gas through the lining of a metal treatment container, comprises at least two superposed rectangular segments of fireproof material All longitudinal sides and also the cool front side of each segment are protected by a gas-tight cover. The cover is made of a metal sheet provided with longitudinal passages defined by ribs, grooves or corrugations to facilitate passage of gas.
If desired, spacers in the form of metal bands, wires or steel wool are disposed between the segments. The gas-tight cover may be also in the form of coating of a metallic or ceramic paint. The fireproof construction module of the invention permits the blowing into the container of any gas which under normal operating temperature does not react with the protective cover, thus, the exact composition and the grain structure of the fireproof mass of the module are of less importance.
A fireproof construction module for blowing gas through the lining of a metal treatment container, comprises at least two superposed rectangular segments of fireproof material All longitudinal sides and also the cool front side of each segment are protected by a gas-tight cover. The cover is made of a metal sheet provided with longitudinal passages defined by ribs, grooves or corrugations to facilitate passage of gas.
If desired, spacers in the form of metal bands, wires or steel wool are disposed between the segments. The gas-tight cover may be also in the form of coating of a metallic or ceramic paint. The fireproof construction module of the invention permits the blowing into the container of any gas which under normal operating temperature does not react with the protective cover, thus, the exact composition and the grain structure of the fireproof mass of the module are of less importance.
Description
12~9;Z:;~8 -The invention relates to a fireproof, gas-permeable construction module for blowing gases through the outer lining of metal treatment containers.
The oxygen blowing methods for purifying pig iron material are improved from the metallurgical standpoint by blowing secondary gases such as nitrogen or argon into the converter under controlled conditions through the bottom of the converter. Also, in methods involving the blowing of oxygen through the bottom as well as in metal treatment containers, such as furnace pans, desulfuring pans and the like, the blowing in of gases into the metal bath through the container bottom or the lining of the container walls is taken into consideration.
The gas-permeable stones which are used in the lining of such containers must meet the requirement that their durability matches the durability of the remainder of the fireproof lining since the exchanging of used-up gas-permeable stones in a hot condition is a difficult operation Furthermore, it is desirable that the gas feed be possible both continuously and in particular discontinuously, that is, the container should be operable without the gas feed and, after restoring the gas supply, the stones should be gas-permeable in an unchanged manner. Furthermore, thetas permeability of the stones should remain approxi-mutely the same throughout their use, that is, through-out the total operation of the furnace.
In Canadian Patent Jo. 1,1~6,599 of May 17, 1983, Applicants have disclosed a device which may be inserted in the bottom of a metal treatment container for blowing a treatment gas into a metal bath. This prior art device has a good durability and permits the blowing in of the desired quantity of gas. The device ok`
`,,~
~29Z28 `
consists essentially of a fireproof, gas-permeable structural module including a plurality of metallic separating members of a low wall thickness which are embedded in an axial direction into the fireproof material of the unit. The separating members have a flat, corrugated, pipe-like or wire-like configuration.
In accordance with one embodiment, this prior art structural module consists of steel sheet metal plates and segments, or of strips made of fireproof material in an alternating arrangement.
- For making such structural modules, it has been necessary to cut a prefabricated block made from fireproof material into the required strips or segments and this cutting operation turns out to be a very expensive method. Segments made of compressed fire-proof material, due to their low thickness and large length, are inconvenient to manipulate and also, unless subjected to a firing, are prone to shrink.
Applicant has improved such fireproof modules (Canadian Patent No. 1,177,643 issued November 13, 1984) by making the segments in press-molds, whereby the metal layers are pressed together with the fireproof material.
Thus, the abutting longitudinal faces of the segments can be made with a smooth or profiled surface, for example, or with a corrugated or a grooved surface.
When assembling the segments provided with the profiled metal layers, there result joints, channels and the like in the structural element through which the gas is supplied, whereby the profiled longitudinal faces may rest on a smooth as well as on a profiled longitu-dial face of the adjoining segment. The engaging longitudinal face of the adjacent segment may be provided with a molded-in metal layer, or the latter ; may be dispensed with. Also, pairs of superposed metal Jo ~LX;~9228 inserts, such as for example sheet metal plates, may be embedded in the individual segments. Spacers may be installed between the metal plates of one pair of inserted elements.
Fireproof structural modules of the aforedescribed type operate successfully if one uses argon or nitrogen as a rinsing gas. Unfortunately, argon is a very expensive gas. Pure nitrogen is less expensive but dissolves at very high temperatures in liquid steel, thus impairing steel quality.
Attempts have been made to blow through the previous stones different gases into the con-venter, for example carbon dioxide, whereby a rapid deterioration of the fireproof stones was noticed and the fireproof mass crumbled already after a few charges. Furthermore, it was noticed that the deterioration of the fireproof material took place mainly at the hot side of the structural module. The prevailing temperature at the hot side apparently causes reactions like C02 + C = CO, the C-atoms originating from the carbon containing binding material of the fireproof mass. In addition, it is also believed that further reactions occur, like C2 + Moo = MgO3. This also would explain the crumbling of the stone mass.
It is an object of the invention to provide an improved refractory gas-permeable struck tubal module or unit including elements which do not substantially react with the rinsing gas used even if the latter has an oxidizing effect.
In accordance with the present invention, there is thus provided a refractory gas-permeable structural unit for blowing gas into a metallurgical vessel through its lining, comprising at least two elements having a core of refractory non-porous material, the elements abutting against one another with their longitudinal faces a common metal housing surrounding the longitudinal faces of the ~L~;292;~3 elements with at one of the end faces of the unit, at least one gas connection and a gas distribution chamber. The structural unit according to the invention is characterized in that the elements are provided at least on all their longitudinal faces with a gas-tight cover.
The structural unit of the invention permits the blowing into the converter of any gas which under normal operating temperature does not react with the selected protective cover. Therefore, the exact composition and the grain structure of the refractory mass of the unit are of less importance.
The refractory mass gives support to the protective cover and in addition avoids an excessive heating of the same due to deflection of -the heat to the cold side of the structural unit. One of the most important characteristics of the refractory material is a low expansion coefficient which is adjusted to that of the protective cover, so as to eliminate premature formation of cracks in the structural unit. Suitable refractory materials are, for example, tar-bound sistered magnesium, high-alumina-content material or mixtures of magnesium and chrome ore.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become more readily apparent prom the following description of preferred embodiments thereof as illustrated by way of examples in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a refract tory structural unit according to the invention; and FIGS. 2-6 are sectional perspective views of the individual segments which may be used in the module of FIG. 1.
- pa -The structural unit 1 illustrated in FIG.
1 includes a metal housing 10 made of welded plates and enclosing a total of twelve segments 3 which are disposed in two columns. Each segments is provided with protective metal plates, 4, pa on all four 92;~8 longitudinal sides The sheet metal plates are corrugated on two longitudinal sides, while the other two sides of the sheet metal plates are flat. The segments are arranged in such a manner that a Corey-grated sheet metal plate pa of each segment is in contact with a flat sheet metal plate 4 ox the adjoining segment. In order to prevent bulging of metal housing 10, no corrugated plates pa face the walls of the housing. A central sheet metal plate 5 can be inserted between the two columns of segments 3 so that gas can pass along the plate 5 as well as along the metal plates 4, pa of respective segments 3. The segments are spaced apart from the front edges of the metal housing by means of two bars 6 which are mounted on the inside of metal housing 10, preferably by spot welding. At this region which represents the cold side, a front plate 7 is tightly welded on the housing and is provided with a pipe connection 8. The free space between the front plate 7 and the front sides of segments 3 is the distribution chamber for the gas.
In this embodiment, fireproof mass 9 at the cold front side of segments 3 is covered with a protect live sheet metal plate (not shown). On the cold side of the structural module, temperatures between 300 and 400C are present, at which carbon dioxide, for example, attacks the fireproof mass only very slowly; never the-less, a protective coating is still of advantage. The opposite side, not visible in the drawing, represents the fire side of the structural module and can be closed with a sheet metal cover. The latter is used when the metal treatment container which surrounds the structural module, contains tar or similar carbon containing materials. During the heating of the treatment containers, it serves to prevent the penes .
traction of tar or the like into the gas-permeable joints of the structural module or the cementing of the same.
The sheet metal cover melts at the start of the operation and opens the passages between the joints.
In an advantageous modification of the module illustrated, there are arranged only three superposed segments 3 in the housing 10. The five protective sheet metal plates covering one of the segments are all of flat configuration (plates 4) whereas at the two remaining segments only one longitudinal side of each is covered by a corrugated plate pa and the three remaining sides as well as the cold front side are again covered by flat plates 4. The three segments are arranged in housing lo in such a manner that none of the corrugated plates contacts the inner wall of the housing.
FIG. 2 illustrates a segment 23 whose fire-proof mass 29 is covered on all four lateral sides as well as on the cold front side with flat steel plates 24. The flat sheet steel plates 24 are provided with longitudinal metallic strips 22, the strips on opposite sides being staggered. The strips can be fixed to the sheet metal plates by spot welding. The extent of the gas permeability can be varied by the thickness of these strips. however, the strips should not be too thick, so as to permit the operation of the structural modules even without a gas supply. In the latter case, some metal will penetrate in the tight slot between the segments, however, when restarting the gas supply, this penetrated metal is rinsed off from the structural module and the original gas permeability is restored.
Issue surprising effect occurs only if the strips of sheet metal are not excessively thick.
In the segment 33 illustrated in FIG. 3, the fireproof mass 39 is surrounded by sheet metal plates 34 1~:29~
which are provided with longitudinal arresting ribs 32.
The ribs 32 ma be simply rolled into the sheet metal plates. The ribs on opposite sides of the module are staggered relative to each other FIG. 4 illustrates a segment 43 whose fire-proof mass 49 is covered on all sides with steel plates 44. The gas passage in this embodiment primarily occurs through longitudinal grooves 42 which are milled into the sheet metal plates.
In the segment 53 illustrated in FIG. 5, the fireproof mass 59 is covered at all sides with flat sheet metal plates 54. The distance between two segments is adjusted by means of a manlike structure So made of steel wool, which acts as a spacer. Spacers in the form of metal bands or wires may also be used.
In the aforedescribed embodiments steel sheet material is used as a protective layer for the fireproof mass. For this purpose, the sheet metal is rolled into the desired shape, cut into the desired size, bent and welded.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 6. Fireproof material is first introduced into a press-mold, The mold shapes the fire-proof material with the arresting bars, grooves or corrugations. After a short thermal treatment which may be required in order to solidify the material, the longitudinal rectangular blocs of material are provided with a protective coating.
The liquid used for the coating may be a metal paint with a ceramic binding material or a ceramic paint, for example. The two segments 63 illustrated in FIG. 6 have a coating 64 which is made by immersing the corrugated fireproof material 69 into a metal paint bath. Depending on the metal paint used, 3~X;29Z28 the segments after the immersion are tempered It may be eventually necessary to repeat the immersion-temper process a few times until the desired thickness of the coating has been reached, It will be understood what the elements described above may also find a useful application in other types of constructions differing from those described above While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in a gas-permeable construe-lion element for use with metal treatment containers, it is not limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention
The oxygen blowing methods for purifying pig iron material are improved from the metallurgical standpoint by blowing secondary gases such as nitrogen or argon into the converter under controlled conditions through the bottom of the converter. Also, in methods involving the blowing of oxygen through the bottom as well as in metal treatment containers, such as furnace pans, desulfuring pans and the like, the blowing in of gases into the metal bath through the container bottom or the lining of the container walls is taken into consideration.
The gas-permeable stones which are used in the lining of such containers must meet the requirement that their durability matches the durability of the remainder of the fireproof lining since the exchanging of used-up gas-permeable stones in a hot condition is a difficult operation Furthermore, it is desirable that the gas feed be possible both continuously and in particular discontinuously, that is, the container should be operable without the gas feed and, after restoring the gas supply, the stones should be gas-permeable in an unchanged manner. Furthermore, thetas permeability of the stones should remain approxi-mutely the same throughout their use, that is, through-out the total operation of the furnace.
In Canadian Patent Jo. 1,1~6,599 of May 17, 1983, Applicants have disclosed a device which may be inserted in the bottom of a metal treatment container for blowing a treatment gas into a metal bath. This prior art device has a good durability and permits the blowing in of the desired quantity of gas. The device ok`
`,,~
~29Z28 `
consists essentially of a fireproof, gas-permeable structural module including a plurality of metallic separating members of a low wall thickness which are embedded in an axial direction into the fireproof material of the unit. The separating members have a flat, corrugated, pipe-like or wire-like configuration.
In accordance with one embodiment, this prior art structural module consists of steel sheet metal plates and segments, or of strips made of fireproof material in an alternating arrangement.
- For making such structural modules, it has been necessary to cut a prefabricated block made from fireproof material into the required strips or segments and this cutting operation turns out to be a very expensive method. Segments made of compressed fire-proof material, due to their low thickness and large length, are inconvenient to manipulate and also, unless subjected to a firing, are prone to shrink.
Applicant has improved such fireproof modules (Canadian Patent No. 1,177,643 issued November 13, 1984) by making the segments in press-molds, whereby the metal layers are pressed together with the fireproof material.
Thus, the abutting longitudinal faces of the segments can be made with a smooth or profiled surface, for example, or with a corrugated or a grooved surface.
When assembling the segments provided with the profiled metal layers, there result joints, channels and the like in the structural element through which the gas is supplied, whereby the profiled longitudinal faces may rest on a smooth as well as on a profiled longitu-dial face of the adjoining segment. The engaging longitudinal face of the adjacent segment may be provided with a molded-in metal layer, or the latter ; may be dispensed with. Also, pairs of superposed metal Jo ~LX;~9228 inserts, such as for example sheet metal plates, may be embedded in the individual segments. Spacers may be installed between the metal plates of one pair of inserted elements.
Fireproof structural modules of the aforedescribed type operate successfully if one uses argon or nitrogen as a rinsing gas. Unfortunately, argon is a very expensive gas. Pure nitrogen is less expensive but dissolves at very high temperatures in liquid steel, thus impairing steel quality.
Attempts have been made to blow through the previous stones different gases into the con-venter, for example carbon dioxide, whereby a rapid deterioration of the fireproof stones was noticed and the fireproof mass crumbled already after a few charges. Furthermore, it was noticed that the deterioration of the fireproof material took place mainly at the hot side of the structural module. The prevailing temperature at the hot side apparently causes reactions like C02 + C = CO, the C-atoms originating from the carbon containing binding material of the fireproof mass. In addition, it is also believed that further reactions occur, like C2 + Moo = MgO3. This also would explain the crumbling of the stone mass.
It is an object of the invention to provide an improved refractory gas-permeable struck tubal module or unit including elements which do not substantially react with the rinsing gas used even if the latter has an oxidizing effect.
In accordance with the present invention, there is thus provided a refractory gas-permeable structural unit for blowing gas into a metallurgical vessel through its lining, comprising at least two elements having a core of refractory non-porous material, the elements abutting against one another with their longitudinal faces a common metal housing surrounding the longitudinal faces of the ~L~;292;~3 elements with at one of the end faces of the unit, at least one gas connection and a gas distribution chamber. The structural unit according to the invention is characterized in that the elements are provided at least on all their longitudinal faces with a gas-tight cover.
The structural unit of the invention permits the blowing into the converter of any gas which under normal operating temperature does not react with the selected protective cover. Therefore, the exact composition and the grain structure of the refractory mass of the unit are of less importance.
The refractory mass gives support to the protective cover and in addition avoids an excessive heating of the same due to deflection of -the heat to the cold side of the structural unit. One of the most important characteristics of the refractory material is a low expansion coefficient which is adjusted to that of the protective cover, so as to eliminate premature formation of cracks in the structural unit. Suitable refractory materials are, for example, tar-bound sistered magnesium, high-alumina-content material or mixtures of magnesium and chrome ore.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become more readily apparent prom the following description of preferred embodiments thereof as illustrated by way of examples in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a refract tory structural unit according to the invention; and FIGS. 2-6 are sectional perspective views of the individual segments which may be used in the module of FIG. 1.
- pa -The structural unit 1 illustrated in FIG.
1 includes a metal housing 10 made of welded plates and enclosing a total of twelve segments 3 which are disposed in two columns. Each segments is provided with protective metal plates, 4, pa on all four 92;~8 longitudinal sides The sheet metal plates are corrugated on two longitudinal sides, while the other two sides of the sheet metal plates are flat. The segments are arranged in such a manner that a Corey-grated sheet metal plate pa of each segment is in contact with a flat sheet metal plate 4 ox the adjoining segment. In order to prevent bulging of metal housing 10, no corrugated plates pa face the walls of the housing. A central sheet metal plate 5 can be inserted between the two columns of segments 3 so that gas can pass along the plate 5 as well as along the metal plates 4, pa of respective segments 3. The segments are spaced apart from the front edges of the metal housing by means of two bars 6 which are mounted on the inside of metal housing 10, preferably by spot welding. At this region which represents the cold side, a front plate 7 is tightly welded on the housing and is provided with a pipe connection 8. The free space between the front plate 7 and the front sides of segments 3 is the distribution chamber for the gas.
In this embodiment, fireproof mass 9 at the cold front side of segments 3 is covered with a protect live sheet metal plate (not shown). On the cold side of the structural module, temperatures between 300 and 400C are present, at which carbon dioxide, for example, attacks the fireproof mass only very slowly; never the-less, a protective coating is still of advantage. The opposite side, not visible in the drawing, represents the fire side of the structural module and can be closed with a sheet metal cover. The latter is used when the metal treatment container which surrounds the structural module, contains tar or similar carbon containing materials. During the heating of the treatment containers, it serves to prevent the penes .
traction of tar or the like into the gas-permeable joints of the structural module or the cementing of the same.
The sheet metal cover melts at the start of the operation and opens the passages between the joints.
In an advantageous modification of the module illustrated, there are arranged only three superposed segments 3 in the housing 10. The five protective sheet metal plates covering one of the segments are all of flat configuration (plates 4) whereas at the two remaining segments only one longitudinal side of each is covered by a corrugated plate pa and the three remaining sides as well as the cold front side are again covered by flat plates 4. The three segments are arranged in housing lo in such a manner that none of the corrugated plates contacts the inner wall of the housing.
FIG. 2 illustrates a segment 23 whose fire-proof mass 29 is covered on all four lateral sides as well as on the cold front side with flat steel plates 24. The flat sheet steel plates 24 are provided with longitudinal metallic strips 22, the strips on opposite sides being staggered. The strips can be fixed to the sheet metal plates by spot welding. The extent of the gas permeability can be varied by the thickness of these strips. however, the strips should not be too thick, so as to permit the operation of the structural modules even without a gas supply. In the latter case, some metal will penetrate in the tight slot between the segments, however, when restarting the gas supply, this penetrated metal is rinsed off from the structural module and the original gas permeability is restored.
Issue surprising effect occurs only if the strips of sheet metal are not excessively thick.
In the segment 33 illustrated in FIG. 3, the fireproof mass 39 is surrounded by sheet metal plates 34 1~:29~
which are provided with longitudinal arresting ribs 32.
The ribs 32 ma be simply rolled into the sheet metal plates. The ribs on opposite sides of the module are staggered relative to each other FIG. 4 illustrates a segment 43 whose fire-proof mass 49 is covered on all sides with steel plates 44. The gas passage in this embodiment primarily occurs through longitudinal grooves 42 which are milled into the sheet metal plates.
In the segment 53 illustrated in FIG. 5, the fireproof mass 59 is covered at all sides with flat sheet metal plates 54. The distance between two segments is adjusted by means of a manlike structure So made of steel wool, which acts as a spacer. Spacers in the form of metal bands or wires may also be used.
In the aforedescribed embodiments steel sheet material is used as a protective layer for the fireproof mass. For this purpose, the sheet metal is rolled into the desired shape, cut into the desired size, bent and welded.
Another preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 6. Fireproof material is first introduced into a press-mold, The mold shapes the fire-proof material with the arresting bars, grooves or corrugations. After a short thermal treatment which may be required in order to solidify the material, the longitudinal rectangular blocs of material are provided with a protective coating.
The liquid used for the coating may be a metal paint with a ceramic binding material or a ceramic paint, for example. The two segments 63 illustrated in FIG. 6 have a coating 64 which is made by immersing the corrugated fireproof material 69 into a metal paint bath. Depending on the metal paint used, 3~X;29Z28 the segments after the immersion are tempered It may be eventually necessary to repeat the immersion-temper process a few times until the desired thickness of the coating has been reached, It will be understood what the elements described above may also find a useful application in other types of constructions differing from those described above While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in a gas-permeable construe-lion element for use with metal treatment containers, it is not limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention
Claims (10)
1. A refractory gas-permeable structural unit for blowing gas into a metallurgical vessel through its lining, comprising at least two elements having a core of refractory non-porous material, said elements abutting against one another with their longitudinal faces, a common metal housing surrounding the longitudinal faces of said elements with at one of the end faces of the unit, at least one gas connection and a gas distribution chamber, characterized in that the elements are provided at least on all their longitudinal faces with a gas-tight cover.
2. Refractory unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas-tight cover consists of sheet metal.
3. Refractory unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the sheet metal is of steel.
4. Refractory unit according to claim 3, characterized in that the sheet metal is provided with surface protecting means.
5. Refractory unit according to claims 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that metal layers or spacers are arranged between the elements.
6. Refractory unit according to claims 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that metal strips, wires or steel wool are arranged between the elements.
7. Refractory unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas-tight cover consists of a coating of metal paint.
8. Refractory unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas-tight cover consists of a coating of ceramic paint.
9. Refractory unit according to claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the refractory material is provided with bars, grooves, or corrugations.
10. Refractory unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the elements are provided on all their faces, with the exception of the face coming into contact with the liquid metal, with a gas-tight cover.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU84167 | 1982-05-25 | ||
| LU84167A LU84167A1 (en) | 1982-05-25 | 1982-05-25 | FIRE-RESISTANT, GAS-PERMEABLE CONSTRUCTION |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1229228A true CA1229228A (en) | 1987-11-17 |
Family
ID=19729884
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000428621A Expired CA1229228A (en) | 1982-05-25 | 1983-05-20 | Fireproof gas-permeable construction elements |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0095436B1 (en) |
| JP (2) | JPS58210113A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR910009493B1 (en) |
| AR (1) | AR229811A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE23196T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU557537B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8302619A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1229228A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3367257D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES522666A0 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN157467B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU84167A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX158037A (en) |
| PT (1) | PT76732B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA833627B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LU85131A1 (en) * | 1983-12-12 | 1985-09-12 | Arbed | GAS-PERMEABLE CONSTRUCTION BODY MADE OF FIRE-RESISTANT MATERIAL |
| EP0547080B1 (en) * | 1990-09-08 | 1994-11-30 | Veitsch-Radex Aktiengesellschaft für feuerfeste Erzeugnisse | Scavenging port for passing gases and/or solids into a metallurgical melt, and a process for manufacturing the port |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2455008A1 (en) * | 1979-04-25 | 1980-11-21 | Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech | REFRACTORY PIECE WITH SELECTIVE AND ORIENTED PERMEABILITY FOR THE INSUFFLATION OF A FLUID |
| CS241483B2 (en) * | 1980-06-25 | 1986-03-13 | Arbed | Refractory building body |
| LU82552A1 (en) * | 1980-06-25 | 1982-01-20 | Arbed | FIRE-RESISTANT, GAS-PERMEABLE CONSTRUCTION |
-
1982
- 1982-05-25 LU LU84167A patent/LU84167A1/en unknown
-
1983
- 1983-05-13 MX MX197280A patent/MX158037A/en unknown
- 1983-05-18 BR BR8302619A patent/BR8302619A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-05-19 ZA ZA833627A patent/ZA833627B/en unknown
- 1983-05-20 EP EP83630093A patent/EP0095436B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-05-20 JP JP58087820A patent/JPS58210113A/en active Pending
- 1983-05-20 PT PT76732A patent/PT76732B/en unknown
- 1983-05-20 CA CA000428621A patent/CA1229228A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-05-20 AT AT83630093T patent/ATE23196T1/en active
- 1983-05-20 DE DE8383630093T patent/DE3367257D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-05-21 KR KR1019830002239A patent/KR910009493B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1983-05-24 ES ES522666A patent/ES522666A0/en active Granted
- 1983-05-24 AR AR293133A patent/AR229811A1/en active
- 1983-05-24 AU AU14931/83A patent/AU557537B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-05-25 IN IN664/CAL/83A patent/IN157467B/en unknown
-
1991
- 1991-12-16 JP JP103561U patent/JPH0744041U/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PT76732A (en) | 1983-06-01 |
| ZA833627B (en) | 1984-02-29 |
| LU84167A1 (en) | 1983-11-23 |
| ES8404414A1 (en) | 1984-04-16 |
| JPH0744041U (en) | 1995-10-24 |
| AR229811A1 (en) | 1983-11-30 |
| BR8302619A (en) | 1983-12-13 |
| IN157467B (en) | 1986-04-05 |
| DE3367257D1 (en) | 1986-12-04 |
| MX158037A (en) | 1988-12-28 |
| KR840004787A (en) | 1984-10-24 |
| ES522666A0 (en) | 1984-04-16 |
| KR910009493B1 (en) | 1991-11-19 |
| ATE23196T1 (en) | 1986-11-15 |
| PT76732B (en) | 1986-01-27 |
| JPS58210113A (en) | 1983-12-07 |
| EP0095436A1 (en) | 1983-11-30 |
| EP0095436B1 (en) | 1986-10-29 |
| AU557537B2 (en) | 1986-12-24 |
| AU1493183A (en) | 1983-12-01 |
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