FR2455008A1 - REFRACTORY PIECE WITH SELECTIVE AND ORIENTED PERMEABILITY FOR THE INSUFFLATION OF A FLUID - Google Patents

REFRACTORY PIECE WITH SELECTIVE AND ORIENTED PERMEABILITY FOR THE INSUFFLATION OF A FLUID

Info

Publication number
FR2455008A1
FR2455008A1 FR7910445A FR7910445A FR2455008A1 FR 2455008 A1 FR2455008 A1 FR 2455008A1 FR 7910445 A FR7910445 A FR 7910445A FR 7910445 A FR7910445 A FR 7910445A FR 2455008 A1 FR2455008 A1 FR 2455008A1
Authority
FR
France
Prior art keywords
refractory
selective
insufflation
fluid
assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR7910445A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
FR2455008B3 (en
Inventor
Pierre Vayssiere
Charles Roederer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Institut de Recherches de la Siderurgie Francaise IRSID
Original Assignee
Institut de Recherches de la Siderurgie Francaise IRSID
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=27250915&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=FR2455008(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Institut de Recherches de la Siderurgie Francaise IRSID filed Critical Institut de Recherches de la Siderurgie Francaise IRSID
Priority to FR7910445A priority Critical patent/FR2455008A1/en
Priority to LU81208A priority patent/LU81208A1/en
Priority to FR8002905A priority patent/FR2475529A1/en
Priority to DE8080400536T priority patent/DE3069960D1/en
Priority to EP80400536A priority patent/EP0021861B2/en
Priority to AT80400536T priority patent/ATE11305T1/en
Priority to BR8002528A priority patent/BR8002528A/en
Priority to US06/143,306 priority patent/US4340208A/en
Priority to AU57810/80A priority patent/AU533373B2/en
Priority to PT71141A priority patent/PT71141A/en
Priority to CA000350620A priority patent/CA1146599A/en
Priority to ZA00802522A priority patent/ZA802522B/en
Priority to JP5440080A priority patent/JPS55145129A/en
Priority to ES490903A priority patent/ES8103718A1/en
Priority to AT0526480A priority patent/AT376701B/en
Publication of FR2455008A1 publication Critical patent/FR2455008A1/en
Publication of FR2455008B3 publication Critical patent/FR2455008B3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Priority to CA000411794A priority patent/CA1153886A/en
Priority to US06/619,536 priority patent/USRE32192E/en
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/35—Blowing from above and through the bath
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
    • B22D1/002—Treatment with gases
    • B22D1/005—Injection assemblies therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/34—Blowing through the bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/48—Bottoms or tuyéres of converters

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Abstract

PIECE REFRACTAIRE A PERMEABILITE INTERNE SELECTIVE ET ORIENTEE. L'INVENTION CONSISTE A REALISER CETTE PIECE PAR UN ASSEMBLAGE 1 ORDONNE ET SANS JEU D'ELEMENTS REFRACTAIRES NON POREUX PREFABRIQUES, PAR EXEMPLE DES PLAQUES 2, ET JUXTAPOSEES SANS JOINT MATERIEL D'ETANCHEITE ENTRE EUX. L'ASSEMBLAGE 1 EST MONTE DANS UN RECEPTACLE ETANCHE 3, 4 OUVERT A L'UNE DE SES EXTREMITES DE MANIERE A LAISSER APPARAITRE LES JOINTS 8 ENTRE LES ELEMENTS 2, ET DONT LA FACE OPPOSEE 4 PRESENTE AU MOINS UNE PERFORATION 6. LA PIECE SELON L'INVENTION EST PERMEABLE A UN GAZ SOUS PRESSION ET TROUVE SON APPLICATION NOTAMMENT EN TANT QU'ELEMENT POREUX INCORPORABLE A LA MACONNERIE REFRACTAIRE D'UN RECIPIENT METALLURGIQUE CONTENANT UN METAL EN FUSION, PAR EXEMPLE DE L'ACIER LIQUIDE.REFRACTORY PART WITH SELECTIVE AND ORIENTED INTERNAL PERMEABILITY. THE INVENTION CONSISTS OF MAKING THIS PART BY AN ASSEMBLY 1 ORDERED AND WITHOUT SET OF PREFABRICATED NON-POROUS REFRACTORY ELEMENTS, FOR EXAMPLE PLATES 2, AND JUXTAPOSED WITHOUT SEALING MATERIAL SEALING BETWEEN THEM. THE ASSEMBLY 1 IS MOUNTED IN A WATERPROOF RECEPTACLE 3, 4 OPEN AT ONE OF ITS ENDS SO AS TO LEAVE THE JOINTS 8 BETWEEN THE ELEMENTS 2, AND WHOSE OPPOSITE SIDE 4 HAS AT LEAST ONE PERFORATION 6. THE PART ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION IS PERMEABLE IN A GAS UNDER PRESSURE AND FOUND ITS APPLICATION IN PARTICULAR AS A POROUS ELEMENT INCORPORATED IN THE REFRACTORY MASONRY OF A METALLURGIC CONTAINER CONTAINING A MOLTEN METAL, FOR EXAMPLE LIQUID STEEL.

FR7910445A 1979-04-25 1979-04-25 REFRACTORY PIECE WITH SELECTIVE AND ORIENTED PERMEABILITY FOR THE INSUFFLATION OF A FLUID Granted FR2455008A1 (en)

Priority Applications (17)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7910445A FR2455008A1 (en) 1979-04-25 1979-04-25 REFRACTORY PIECE WITH SELECTIVE AND ORIENTED PERMEABILITY FOR THE INSUFFLATION OF A FLUID
LU81208A LU81208A1 (en) 1979-04-25 1979-04-30 DEVICE FOR INJECTING GAS THROUGH THE BOTTOM INTO THE METAL BATH CONTAINED IN A REFINING CONTAINER
FR8002905A FR2475529A1 (en) 1979-04-25 1980-02-08 PERMEABLE PIECE OF NON-POROUS PERMEABLE REFRACTORY, IN PARTICULAR FOR USE IN THE STEEL CONVERTER AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
DE8080400536T DE3069960D1 (en) 1979-04-25 1980-04-21 Gas-permeable refractory block and method of making this block
EP80400536A EP0021861B2 (en) 1979-04-25 1980-04-21 Gas-permeable refractory block and method of making this block
AT80400536T ATE11305T1 (en) 1979-04-25 1980-04-21 GAS-PERMEABLE REFRACTORY BODY AND PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURE.
AU57810/80A AU533373B2 (en) 1979-04-25 1980-04-24 Gas-permeable refractory piece
US06/143,306 US4340208A (en) 1979-04-25 1980-04-24 Refractory piece permeable to gases
BR8002528A BR8002528A (en) 1979-04-25 1980-04-24 PIECE REFRACTORY PERMANIBLE TO GASES AND PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
PT71141A PT71141A (en) 1979-04-25 1980-04-24 PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF REFRACTORY GAS PERMEABLE MATERIALS
CA000350620A CA1146599A (en) 1979-04-25 1980-04-24 Gas permeable refractory body
ES490903A ES8103718A1 (en) 1979-04-25 1980-04-25 Gas-permeable refractory block and method of making this block.
JP5440080A JPS55145129A (en) 1979-04-25 1980-04-25 Air permeable refractory material
ZA00802522A ZA802522B (en) 1979-04-25 1980-04-25 Refractory part permeable to gases
AT0526480A AT376701B (en) 1979-04-25 1980-10-24 GAS-PERMEABLE CONSTRUCTION BODY FROM REFRACTOR-RESISTANT MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
CA000411794A CA1153886A (en) 1979-04-25 1982-09-20 Gas permeable refractory part
US06/619,536 USRE32192E (en) 1979-04-25 1984-06-11 Refractory piece permeable to gases

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7910445A FR2455008A1 (en) 1979-04-25 1979-04-25 REFRACTORY PIECE WITH SELECTIVE AND ORIENTED PERMEABILITY FOR THE INSUFFLATION OF A FLUID
LU81208A LU81208A1 (en) 1979-04-25 1979-04-30 DEVICE FOR INJECTING GAS THROUGH THE BOTTOM INTO THE METAL BATH CONTAINED IN A REFINING CONTAINER
FR8002905A FR2475529A1 (en) 1979-04-25 1980-02-08 PERMEABLE PIECE OF NON-POROUS PERMEABLE REFRACTORY, IN PARTICULAR FOR USE IN THE STEEL CONVERTER AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2455008A1 true FR2455008A1 (en) 1980-11-21
FR2455008B3 FR2455008B3 (en) 1982-02-26

Family

ID=27250915

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FR7910445A Granted FR2455008A1 (en) 1979-04-25 1979-04-25 REFRACTORY PIECE WITH SELECTIVE AND ORIENTED PERMEABILITY FOR THE INSUFFLATION OF A FLUID
FR8002905A Granted FR2475529A1 (en) 1979-04-25 1980-02-08 PERMEABLE PIECE OF NON-POROUS PERMEABLE REFRACTORY, IN PARTICULAR FOR USE IN THE STEEL CONVERTER AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FR8002905A Granted FR2475529A1 (en) 1979-04-25 1980-02-08 PERMEABLE PIECE OF NON-POROUS PERMEABLE REFRACTORY, IN PARTICULAR FOR USE IN THE STEEL CONVERTER AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (2) US4340208A (en)
EP (1) EP0021861B2 (en)
JP (1) JPS55145129A (en)
AT (1) AT376701B (en)
AU (1) AU533373B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8002528A (en)
CA (1) CA1146599A (en)
DE (1) DE3069960D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8103718A1 (en)
FR (2) FR2455008A1 (en)
LU (1) LU81208A1 (en)
PT (1) PT71141A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0043338A1 (en) * 1980-06-25 1982-01-06 Arbed S.A. Gas-permeable body of fire-resistant material
FR2504664A1 (en) * 1981-04-24 1982-10-29 Francais Aciers Speciaux DEVICE FOR BLOWING BREWING GAS IN A METAL REFINING CONVERTER
FR2516938A1 (en) * 1981-11-23 1983-05-27 Usinor DEVICE FOR INTRODUCING GAS INTO THE LIQUID METAL BATH

Families Citing this family (45)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU82552A1 (en) * 1980-06-25 1982-01-20 Arbed FIRE-RESISTANT, GAS-PERMEABLE CONSTRUCTION
LU82597A1 (en) * 1980-07-09 1982-02-17 Arbed FIRE-RESISTANT, GAS-PERMEABLE CONSTRUCTION
LU83247A1 (en) * 1981-03-23 1983-02-22 Arbed METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATING METAL MELT IN THE METALURGICAL PROCESSES
LU83313A1 (en) * 1981-04-22 1983-03-24 Arbed METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE DIRECT PRODUCTION OF LIQUID IRON
LU83314A1 (en) * 1981-04-24 1983-03-24 Arbed METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DESULFURING IRON MELT
AU541441B2 (en) * 1981-07-15 1985-01-10 Nippon Steel Corporation Bottom blowing nozzle embedded in a refractory block
NL189008C (en) * 1981-11-18 1992-12-01 Hoogovens Groep Bv Gas-permeable wall element for a metallurgic barrel lined with refractory material, in particular for an L.D. steel converter.
FR2518240A1 (en) * 1981-12-16 1983-06-17 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech PERMEABLE REFRACTORY ELEMENT FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF A BREWING FLUID IN A FUSION METAL BATH
DE3206499C1 (en) * 1982-02-24 1988-03-03 Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Apparatus for introduction of gases into metallurgical vessels
US4462576A (en) * 1982-02-24 1984-07-31 Didier-Werke Ag Apparatus for supplying gas through the wall of a metallurgical container
FR2525632A1 (en) * 1982-04-22 1983-10-28 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech PROCESSING PROCESS FOR IMPROVING THE PERMEABILITY OF METALLURGIC CONTAINER FILLS HAVING PERMEABLE REFRACTORY ELEMENTS, AND MATERIALS FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION
FR2525633A1 (en) * 1982-04-22 1983-10-28 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE LIFETIME OF PERMEABLE REFRACTORY ELEMENTS LODGED IN THE BOTTOM OF METALLURGIC REFINING CONTAINERS, IN PARTICULAR OXYGEN-BLOW-CONTAINING OXYGEN STEEL CONVERTERS
GB2120369A (en) * 1982-05-20 1983-11-30 Ksr Int Ltd An improved metallurgical lance
LU84167A1 (en) * 1982-05-25 1983-11-23 Arbed FIRE-RESISTANT, GAS-PERMEABLE CONSTRUCTION
FR2532194A1 (en) * 1982-08-31 1984-03-02 Comp Generale Electricite Crucible for treating a molten material with a gas flow.
AT376455B (en) * 1982-10-06 1984-11-26 Oesterr Amerikan Magnesit METALLURGICAL OVEN OR METALLURGICAL TANK
FR2538410B1 (en) * 1982-12-24 1988-04-29 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech REFRACTORY ELEMENT AND NOZZLE HOLDER AND METHOD FOR PREVENTING REFRACTORY WEAR USING THE SAME
DE3318422C2 (en) * 1983-05-20 1985-03-21 Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Gas purging arrangement and method for actuating such an arrangement
LU85131A1 (en) * 1983-12-12 1985-09-12 Arbed GAS-PERMEABLE CONSTRUCTION BODY MADE OF FIRE-RESISTANT MATERIAL
AT382889B (en) * 1984-03-15 1987-04-27 Voest Alpine Ag RINSING DEVICE FOR A METALLURGICAL VESSEL
AT383617B (en) * 1984-09-18 1987-07-27 Oesterr Amerikan Magnesit GAS PURGE FOR METALLURGICAL OVENS AND VESSELS
AT384623B (en) * 1985-12-23 1987-12-10 Tosin Albert COOLING STONE FOR METALLURGICAL VESSELS
US4754954A (en) * 1986-01-29 1988-07-05 Lazcano Navarro Arturo Refractory device for introducing a gas into a molten metal and a method for making the device
AT384034B (en) * 1986-02-03 1987-09-25 Voest Alpine Ag RINSING DEVICE FOR A METALLURGICAL VESSEL
DE3625117C1 (en) * 1986-07-25 1987-11-26 Didier Werke Ag Gas-flushing cone
US4741515A (en) * 1986-10-20 1988-05-03 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Apparatus for introducing gas into a metallurgical vessel
US4705563A (en) * 1986-10-23 1987-11-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Methods and apparatus for reducing corrosion in refractory linings
DE3727938C1 (en) * 1987-08-21 1988-09-08 Didier Werke Ag Dish stone
DE3734713A1 (en) * 1987-10-14 1989-04-27 Pa Ha Ge Huetten Und Giesserei COOLING STONE FOR METALLURGICAL VESSELS
ES2021894B3 (en) * 1988-02-19 1991-11-16 Veitscher Magnesitwerke-Actien-Gesellschaft GAS SINK.
US4840356A (en) * 1988-06-13 1989-06-20 Labate Michael D Externally replaceable stirring plug for molten metal vessels
US4840355A (en) * 1988-07-13 1989-06-20 Labate M D Slag controlling device for basic oxygen furnaces
US5147137A (en) * 1991-01-22 1992-09-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Refractory thermowell for continuous high temperature measurement of molten metal
US5225143A (en) * 1991-02-01 1993-07-06 Insul Company, Inc. Device for directional gas distribution into molten metal
CA2091280C (en) * 1991-06-18 1996-06-11 Michael D. Ii Labate Device for directional gas distribution into molten metal
AT398632B (en) * 1991-07-08 1995-01-25 Veitsch Radex Ag METALLURGICAL VESSEL
DE4207881C1 (en) * 1992-03-12 1993-08-26 Veitscher Magnesitwerke-Actien-Gesellschaft, Wien, At Gas flushing brick for melting vessels - has gas channels slightly inclined to vertical to ensure that gas flow is towards centre of vessel despite non-vertical fitting of brick inside vessel bottom
DE19954918C2 (en) * 1999-11-16 2001-09-20 Veitsch Radex Gmbh Wien Refractory ceramic gas purging plug
US6994148B1 (en) 2003-12-30 2006-02-07 Hayes Lemmerz International, Inc. Method and apparatus for venting a gas in a lined pressure furnace
CN101497935B (en) * 2008-02-03 2010-12-01 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Mounting and locating method for changeable air brick
CN106825533A (en) * 2015-12-03 2017-06-13 刘得顺 A kind of preparation method for repairing combined air brick
RU2750254C1 (en) * 2017-10-26 2021-06-24 Закрытое акционерное общество "Ферро Балт Плюс" Device for bottom blowing of metal by gas in ladle
CN111570886B (en) * 2020-04-10 2021-08-27 彩虹集团有限公司 Method for horizontally clamping refractory material to cut heating wire groove
RU2766401C1 (en) * 2021-07-09 2022-03-15 Акционерное общество "Ферро Балт Плюс" Apparatus for bottom blowing of liquid metal with gas in a ladle
US20230349638A1 (en) * 2022-04-05 2023-11-02 Doggone Investment Co. LLC Apparatus and method for production of high purity copper-based alloys

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR418622A (en) * 1910-04-05 1910-12-14 Alphonse Gouillon Converter background
US2456798A (en) * 1944-10-06 1948-12-21 Edwin E Slick Bottom structure for bessemer converters
GB684048A (en) * 1949-06-22 1952-12-10 Mini Of Mines And Technical Su The gas flushing of liquid masses
FR1162727A (en) * 1956-10-26 1958-09-16 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Process for obtaining porous concrete parts ensuring the directed blowing of a fluid and products obtained by means of this process
FR1031504A (en) * 1957-09-09 1953-06-24 Air Liquide Device for blowing gas into a mass of molten metal
FR1183569A (en) * 1957-09-30 1959-07-09 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Porous concrete parts for directed blowing of a fluid
FR1271201A (en) * 1960-07-28 1961-09-08 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Process for manufacturing refractory parts with oriented permeability and products obtained by this process
BE635868A (en) * 1962-08-07
FR1350751A (en) * 1962-12-14 1964-01-31 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Improvements to porous slabs and plugs
LU54172A1 (en) * 1967-07-26 1969-05-21
DE2205656C3 (en) * 1972-02-07 1976-01-02 Uralskij Nautschno-Issledowatelskij Institut Tschernych Metallow, Swerdlowsk (Sowjetunion) Ladle for blowing metal through with gas
JPS505849U (en) † 1973-05-14 1975-01-22
IT1016281B (en) * 1973-07-27 1977-05-30 Didier Werke Ag IMPROVEMENT IN REFRACTORY FOR GAS MEABLES

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0043338A1 (en) * 1980-06-25 1982-01-06 Arbed S.A. Gas-permeable body of fire-resistant material
FR2504664A1 (en) * 1981-04-24 1982-10-29 Francais Aciers Speciaux DEVICE FOR BLOWING BREWING GAS IN A METAL REFINING CONVERTER
EP0064449A1 (en) * 1981-04-24 1982-11-10 Compagnie Francaise Des Aciers Speciaux Apparatus for blowing an agitating gas into a converter for refining metals
FR2516938A1 (en) * 1981-11-23 1983-05-27 Usinor DEVICE FOR INTRODUCING GAS INTO THE LIQUID METAL BATH

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0021861B1 (en) 1985-01-16
FR2475529A1 (en) 1981-08-14
EP0021861B2 (en) 1992-04-01
DE3069960D1 (en) 1985-02-28
CA1146599A (en) 1983-05-17
JPS55145129A (en) 1980-11-12
ATA526480A (en) 1984-05-15
AU533373B2 (en) 1983-11-17
US4340208A (en) 1982-07-20
EP0021861A1 (en) 1981-01-07
FR2475529B1 (en) 1984-02-24
USRE32192E (en) 1986-06-24
BR8002528A (en) 1980-12-09
AT376701B (en) 1984-12-27
FR2455008B3 (en) 1982-02-26
LU81208A1 (en) 1980-12-16
ES490903A0 (en) 1981-03-16
PT71141A (en) 1980-05-01
ES8103718A1 (en) 1981-03-16
AU5781080A (en) 1980-10-30

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