CA1227729A - Self-cooling, non-pneumatic, shock-absorbing wheel - Google Patents
Self-cooling, non-pneumatic, shock-absorbing wheelInfo
- Publication number
- CA1227729A CA1227729A CA000423700A CA423700A CA1227729A CA 1227729 A CA1227729 A CA 1227729A CA 000423700 A CA000423700 A CA 000423700A CA 423700 A CA423700 A CA 423700A CA 1227729 A CA1227729 A CA 1227729A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- rim
- tire
- ventilators
- wheel
- pneumatic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/032—Patterns comprising isolated recesses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B9/00—Wheels of high resiliency, e.g. with conical interacting pressure-surfaces
- B60B9/02—Wheels of high resiliency, e.g. with conical interacting pressure-surfaces using springs resiliently mounted bicycle rims
- B60B9/10—Wheels of high resiliency, e.g. with conical interacting pressure-surfaces using springs resiliently mounted bicycle rims of rubber or the like
- B60B9/12—Wheels of high resiliency, e.g. with conical interacting pressure-surfaces using springs resiliently mounted bicycle rims of rubber or the like in the form of sleeves or rings concentric with the wheel axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/18—Tyre cooling arrangements, e.g. heat shields
- B60C23/19—Tyre cooling arrangements, e.g. heat shields for dissipating heat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C2200/00—Tyres specially adapted for particular applications
- B60C2200/10—Tyres specially adapted for particular applications for motorcycles, scooters or the like
Abstract
Abstract:
A self-cooling non-pneumatic, shock-absorbing wheel for automobiles, trucks, airplanes, wheelbarrows, motorcycles, other vehicles and the like.
Non-pneumatic wheels (10) are generally restricted to speed limita-tions due to heat accumulation known as hysteresis. Free movement of air through the tire (14) and the rim (19) allows the temperature of the wheel (10) to keep to a level that will permit speed in the non-pneumatic wheel (10) to compare favorably with a conventional air-filled tire.
A wheel (10) including a solid tire (14) of resilient material, such as rubber or the like, containing a plurality of ventilators (25) arranged in a configuration around the circumference of the tire (14) which ventilators (25) extend radially inward to the rim (19) on which the tire (14) is mounted, said rim (19) having holes (20) therethrough to permit air to flow through the ventilators (25) and the rim (19), with said rim (19) attached to and surrounding a central support plate (15) that may have a hole (16) therethrough and a conventional center mounting pattern of bolt holes (17) to enable the wheel (10) to be used on automobiles, trucks, airplanes, bicycles, wheelbarrows, motorcycles, other vehicles and the like.
A self-cooling non-pneumatic, shock-absorbing wheel for automobiles, trucks, airplanes, wheelbarrows, motorcycles, other vehicles and the like.
Non-pneumatic wheels (10) are generally restricted to speed limita-tions due to heat accumulation known as hysteresis. Free movement of air through the tire (14) and the rim (19) allows the temperature of the wheel (10) to keep to a level that will permit speed in the non-pneumatic wheel (10) to compare favorably with a conventional air-filled tire.
A wheel (10) including a solid tire (14) of resilient material, such as rubber or the like, containing a plurality of ventilators (25) arranged in a configuration around the circumference of the tire (14) which ventilators (25) extend radially inward to the rim (19) on which the tire (14) is mounted, said rim (19) having holes (20) therethrough to permit air to flow through the ventilators (25) and the rim (19), with said rim (19) attached to and surrounding a central support plate (15) that may have a hole (16) therethrough and a conventional center mounting pattern of bolt holes (17) to enable the wheel (10) to be used on automobiles, trucks, airplanes, bicycles, wheelbarrows, motorcycles, other vehicles and the like.
Description
7q29 A self-cooling, non-pneumatic, shock-absorbing wheel for automobiles, trucks, airplanes, wheelbarrows, motorcycles, other vehicles and the like.
S The invention relates to a non-pneumatic wheel for automobiles, trucks and the like comprising a non-pneumatic tire attached to a wheel rim.
Non-pneumatic wheels are presently used mostly on trucks and the like when it it desired to limit the risk of tire troubles thaw may occur in pneumatic tires. Prior art of non-pneumatic wheels limit vehicles to a speed of around 35 miles (56 kilometers) per hour due to heat accumulation known as hysteresis. The invention as claimed is in-tended to solve the hysteresis problem, thus allowing higher speed, by having air flow freely through numerous ventilators (air channels) in the tire which ventilators will also increase flexibility and de-crease weight of the tire.
A number of devices that have been proposed in the past to absorb or dampen shock that may be transmitted from the ground to a vehicle through the wheels include specific types of shock-absorbing tires and wheels. One such device is shown for example in US. Patent No.
3,671,088 (Woolly) as including a rotatable rim and a non-rotatable inner frame with a shock-absorbing means located between the rim and the inner frame. In US. Patent No. 1,651,009 (White) a wheel is disclosed that has an inner and an outer member with internal rubber cushioning. Whatever may be the advantages of such an invention, the device has a substantial number of parts which increases both maintenance and initial cost. US. Patents Nos. 2,176,056 (Brown),
S The invention relates to a non-pneumatic wheel for automobiles, trucks and the like comprising a non-pneumatic tire attached to a wheel rim.
Non-pneumatic wheels are presently used mostly on trucks and the like when it it desired to limit the risk of tire troubles thaw may occur in pneumatic tires. Prior art of non-pneumatic wheels limit vehicles to a speed of around 35 miles (56 kilometers) per hour due to heat accumulation known as hysteresis. The invention as claimed is in-tended to solve the hysteresis problem, thus allowing higher speed, by having air flow freely through numerous ventilators (air channels) in the tire which ventilators will also increase flexibility and de-crease weight of the tire.
A number of devices that have been proposed in the past to absorb or dampen shock that may be transmitted from the ground to a vehicle through the wheels include specific types of shock-absorbing tires and wheels. One such device is shown for example in US. Patent No.
3,671,088 (Woolly) as including a rotatable rim and a non-rotatable inner frame with a shock-absorbing means located between the rim and the inner frame. In US. Patent No. 1,651,009 (White) a wheel is disclosed that has an inner and an outer member with internal rubber cushioning. Whatever may be the advantages of such an invention, the device has a substantial number of parts which increases both maintenance and initial cost. US. Patents Nos. 2,176,056 (Brown),
2,919,737 (Everett), and 1,353,325 (Doughface) disclose other devices ~227729 intended to provide absorption of shock by a wheel assembly.
The main advantage offered by the invention is to provide a self-cooling, non-pneumatic, shock-absorbing wheel for automobiles, trucks and the like that is not restricted by speed limitations. Other ad-vantages for automobiles are to provide a tire having a longer tread life, less maintenance expense, and cost savings through eliminating the need for spare tires, time consumed making tire repairs, and no-pair costs. Another advantage is to provide a wire that is safer to use than pneumatic tires that may lead to accidents caused by flat tires, blowouts, tread peel-off, and while inflating tires, etc. In addition to higher speed mentioned above, advantages over other non-pneumatic wheels include lighter weight and greater flexibility.
Principal features of the invention include a rim with a central sup-port plate having a bolt hole configuration to permit the wheel to be attached to a vehicle and a tire made of rubber or other resilient material suitable for vehicle tires. The resilient material for the tire may contain special additives such as chemicals to deter Hester-Isis and fibers, etc., to deter elongation as well as others. The tires bonded to the rim in known fashion and both tire and rim contain a plurality of holes that form ventilators arranged in a desired con-figuration and extending from the outside surface of the tire to and/or through the rim. The ventilators preferably each include a relatively large hole opening at the tread area that may be of any desired shape and then tapered inwardly to a smaller opening at the rim engaging surface. Other features include the use of tapered sidewalls on the tire to cooperate with the ventilators in decreasing I
the weight per each increment of the tire located radially outward from the rim. This feature enhances balance of the wheel and helps retard likelihood of tire peel-off.
Still other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and drawings which illustrate only one specific embodiment, in which:-Fig. 1 is a perspective side view of the wheel of the invention;
Fig. 2, a perspective view of the other side;
Fig. 3, a front view of ventilators in tread area of Fig. l;
Fig. 4, a vertical section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5, a transverse section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2;
Fig. 6, a side view showing a different ventilator embodiment;
Fig. 7, a front view of ventilators in tread area of Fig. 6; and Fig. 8, a vertical section taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 7.
The figures show the wheel of the invention as 10. The wheel 10 in-eludes a rim assembly 13, made of metal or the like, and a tire 14, made of rubber or the like, bonded together in known fashion. The rim assembly 13 comprises a rim 19 and a central support plate 15 having a center opening 16 there through. Bolt holes 17 are spaced around the opening 16 and bolts, not shown, may be inserted through the bolt holes 17 to attach the wheel 10 to a vehicle axle, not shown. It will be apparent that while not shown other bolt hole arrangements and/or structures can be used to attach the wheel 10 for use. A ring of spaced apart openings 18 is provided outwardly of the bolt holes 17 and the openings 18 are sized and spaced to insure strength of the central support plate 15 while reducing weight and aiding air circus ~Z27729 lotion. Rim 19 with spaced rows of holes 20 there through surrounds the central support plate 15 to provide a seat for the tire 14.
The tire 14 includes outer sidewalls 21 and 22, an outer road engaging or tread surface 23, an inner rim engaging surface 24, and ventilators 25. Each ventilator 25 may include a narrow leading wall 26, a narrow following wall 27, and spaced apart sidewalls 28 and 29, or the narrow walls may be brought to a point or rounded. The ventilators 25 are larger at the tread surface 23 than the rim engaging surface 24. The tire 14 may extend slightly beyond the sides of the rim 19 to provide a cushion against contact with curbs or the like. It will be apparent that while the rim 19 it here shown without flanges that flanges can be added if desired.
Also it will be apparent that different sectional and cross-sectional configurations of the ventilators 25 can be changed to give a tread surface 23 as desired. The angles that the ventilators 25 extend through the tire 14 can also be changed as desired. As shown in Fig.
8, for example, ventilators 25 are slanted rearwardly of the forward direction at a point where the tire 14 engages the road which may prove desirable to reduce the picking up of rocks. The ventilators 25 permit air to flow through the tire 14 to cool the tire 14 during use. The ventilators 25 also make the tire 14 more flexibly thus in creasing life and wear of the tire 14 and permitting better conformity to ground contact.
Tests for hysteresis were conducted on two hand-cast wheels 10 of the type herein described with the tire 14 formed of polyurethane rubber ~2X~729 bonded to rim assembly 13. One wheel 10 was run at 50 miles (80 kilo-meters) per hour continuously for 65 hours with a load of 500 pounds (227 kilograms). In a second test the wheel 10 was run at 50 miles (80 kilometers) per hour continuously for 70 hours and 54 minutes with a beginning load of 815 pounds (370 kilograms) and ending with 1552 pounds (705 kilograms) when the wheel failed.
A test on the second wheel 10 under extra high speed conditions con-sited of carrying a load of 815 pounds (370 kilograms) beginning at 10 50 miles (80 kilometers) per hour for 2 hours, a rest period of 2 hours, and then a continuous run at 75 miles (120 kilometers) per hour for 30 minutes, 80 miles (128 kilometers) per hour for 30 mint vies, 85 miles (136 kilometers) per hour for 30 minutes, 90 miles (144 kilometers) per hour for 30 minutes, 95 miles (152 kilometers) per 15 hour for 30 minutes, and 100 miles (160 kilometers) per hour for 30 minutes at which time the test was stopped as agreed. The wheel 10 did not fail.
Although a preferred form of my invention has been herein disclosed, it is to be understood that the present disclosure is by way of exam-pie and that variations are possible without departing from the sub-sect matter coming within the scope of the following claims, which subject matter I regard as my invention.
The main advantage offered by the invention is to provide a self-cooling, non-pneumatic, shock-absorbing wheel for automobiles, trucks and the like that is not restricted by speed limitations. Other ad-vantages for automobiles are to provide a tire having a longer tread life, less maintenance expense, and cost savings through eliminating the need for spare tires, time consumed making tire repairs, and no-pair costs. Another advantage is to provide a wire that is safer to use than pneumatic tires that may lead to accidents caused by flat tires, blowouts, tread peel-off, and while inflating tires, etc. In addition to higher speed mentioned above, advantages over other non-pneumatic wheels include lighter weight and greater flexibility.
Principal features of the invention include a rim with a central sup-port plate having a bolt hole configuration to permit the wheel to be attached to a vehicle and a tire made of rubber or other resilient material suitable for vehicle tires. The resilient material for the tire may contain special additives such as chemicals to deter Hester-Isis and fibers, etc., to deter elongation as well as others. The tires bonded to the rim in known fashion and both tire and rim contain a plurality of holes that form ventilators arranged in a desired con-figuration and extending from the outside surface of the tire to and/or through the rim. The ventilators preferably each include a relatively large hole opening at the tread area that may be of any desired shape and then tapered inwardly to a smaller opening at the rim engaging surface. Other features include the use of tapered sidewalls on the tire to cooperate with the ventilators in decreasing I
the weight per each increment of the tire located radially outward from the rim. This feature enhances balance of the wheel and helps retard likelihood of tire peel-off.
Still other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and drawings which illustrate only one specific embodiment, in which:-Fig. 1 is a perspective side view of the wheel of the invention;
Fig. 2, a perspective view of the other side;
Fig. 3, a front view of ventilators in tread area of Fig. l;
Fig. 4, a vertical section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5, a transverse section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2;
Fig. 6, a side view showing a different ventilator embodiment;
Fig. 7, a front view of ventilators in tread area of Fig. 6; and Fig. 8, a vertical section taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 7.
The figures show the wheel of the invention as 10. The wheel 10 in-eludes a rim assembly 13, made of metal or the like, and a tire 14, made of rubber or the like, bonded together in known fashion. The rim assembly 13 comprises a rim 19 and a central support plate 15 having a center opening 16 there through. Bolt holes 17 are spaced around the opening 16 and bolts, not shown, may be inserted through the bolt holes 17 to attach the wheel 10 to a vehicle axle, not shown. It will be apparent that while not shown other bolt hole arrangements and/or structures can be used to attach the wheel 10 for use. A ring of spaced apart openings 18 is provided outwardly of the bolt holes 17 and the openings 18 are sized and spaced to insure strength of the central support plate 15 while reducing weight and aiding air circus ~Z27729 lotion. Rim 19 with spaced rows of holes 20 there through surrounds the central support plate 15 to provide a seat for the tire 14.
The tire 14 includes outer sidewalls 21 and 22, an outer road engaging or tread surface 23, an inner rim engaging surface 24, and ventilators 25. Each ventilator 25 may include a narrow leading wall 26, a narrow following wall 27, and spaced apart sidewalls 28 and 29, or the narrow walls may be brought to a point or rounded. The ventilators 25 are larger at the tread surface 23 than the rim engaging surface 24. The tire 14 may extend slightly beyond the sides of the rim 19 to provide a cushion against contact with curbs or the like. It will be apparent that while the rim 19 it here shown without flanges that flanges can be added if desired.
Also it will be apparent that different sectional and cross-sectional configurations of the ventilators 25 can be changed to give a tread surface 23 as desired. The angles that the ventilators 25 extend through the tire 14 can also be changed as desired. As shown in Fig.
8, for example, ventilators 25 are slanted rearwardly of the forward direction at a point where the tire 14 engages the road which may prove desirable to reduce the picking up of rocks. The ventilators 25 permit air to flow through the tire 14 to cool the tire 14 during use. The ventilators 25 also make the tire 14 more flexibly thus in creasing life and wear of the tire 14 and permitting better conformity to ground contact.
Tests for hysteresis were conducted on two hand-cast wheels 10 of the type herein described with the tire 14 formed of polyurethane rubber ~2X~729 bonded to rim assembly 13. One wheel 10 was run at 50 miles (80 kilo-meters) per hour continuously for 65 hours with a load of 500 pounds (227 kilograms). In a second test the wheel 10 was run at 50 miles (80 kilometers) per hour continuously for 70 hours and 54 minutes with a beginning load of 815 pounds (370 kilograms) and ending with 1552 pounds (705 kilograms) when the wheel failed.
A test on the second wheel 10 under extra high speed conditions con-sited of carrying a load of 815 pounds (370 kilograms) beginning at 10 50 miles (80 kilometers) per hour for 2 hours, a rest period of 2 hours, and then a continuous run at 75 miles (120 kilometers) per hour for 30 minutes, 80 miles (128 kilometers) per hour for 30 mint vies, 85 miles (136 kilometers) per hour for 30 minutes, 90 miles (144 kilometers) per hour for 30 minutes, 95 miles (152 kilometers) per 15 hour for 30 minutes, and 100 miles (160 kilometers) per hour for 30 minutes at which time the test was stopped as agreed. The wheel 10 did not fail.
Although a preferred form of my invention has been herein disclosed, it is to be understood that the present disclosure is by way of exam-pie and that variations are possible without departing from the sub-sect matter coming within the scope of the following claims, which subject matter I regard as my invention.
Claims (2)
1. A self-cooling, non-pneumatic, shock-absorbing wheel (10) for automobiles, trucks, airplanes, bicycles, wheelbarrows, motorcycle, other vehicles and the like, comprising a rim assembly (13) having a central support plate (15), means (17) for attaching said central support plate (15) to an axle (not shown), and a cylinderical rim (19) extending from and surrounding the periphery of the central support plate (15), and a substantially solid, resilient tire (14) having sidewalls (21,22), an outer tread surface (23), an inner rim engaging surface (24), and a plurality of ventilators (25) each extending from said tread surface (23) radially inward to the rim engaging surface (24), and with said ventilators (25) in the tire (14) being aligned with the holes (20) in the rim (19) to permit air in a continuous flow to pass freely through the tire (14) and the rim (19) when in motion, said ventilators (25) being of any shapes or dimens-ions but ventilators (25) that are relatively larger at the tread surface (23) and taper inwardly to smaller holes (20) in the rim (19) more effectively lower the temperature of the air being drawn cen-trifugally through the ventilators (25) when in motion, and said tapered ventilators (25) alone or together with the use of tapered sidewalls (21,22) will effect a decrease in the weight per each increment of the tire (14) located radially outward from the rim (19) which will produce a more balanced effect in the wheel (10), and with said tire (14) and rim (19) being bonded together by known means.
2. A wheel (10) as in Claim 1, wherein the ventilators (25) in the tire (14) slant rearwardly of the forward direction of the wheel (10) where the tire (14) engages the road.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US36233282A | 1982-03-26 | 1982-03-26 | |
| US362,332 | 1982-03-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1227729A true CA1227729A (en) | 1987-10-06 |
Family
ID=23425664
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000423700A Expired CA1227729A (en) | 1982-03-26 | 1983-03-16 | Self-cooling, non-pneumatic, shock-absorbing wheel |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BR (1) | BR8301607A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1227729A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2119724B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107539402A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2018-01-05 | 广西贵港市恒桥米业有限公司 | Electro-tricycle |
| CN110667306A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2020-01-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Small-diameter high-speed wheel device of unmanned system test platform false vehicle |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0195905A (en) * | 1987-10-08 | 1989-04-14 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | Casting tire |
| SE466248B (en) * | 1990-07-10 | 1992-01-20 | He Hansson Ab | BAER WHEELS |
| US20070006951A1 (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2007-01-11 | Wade Summers | Ventilated tires |
| GB2463323B (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2012-10-10 | Golf Innovations Ltd | Tyres for golf trolleys |
| GB2470743B (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2014-04-30 | Powakaddy Internat Ltd | Winter wheel |
| GB0909779D0 (en) | 2009-06-06 | 2009-07-22 | Starco Dml Ltd | A wheel |
| JP6645105B2 (en) * | 2015-10-06 | 2020-02-12 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Non-pneumatic tire |
| JP6558201B2 (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2019-08-14 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Airless tire |
| CN105539015A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-05-04 | 厦门正新橡胶工业有限公司 | Solid-tire-and-rim composite structure |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3494402A (en) * | 1969-01-31 | 1970-02-10 | Nandor Goldberger | Molded hard rubber airless tire for an automobile wheel |
-
1983
- 1983-03-16 CA CA000423700A patent/CA1227729A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-03-22 GB GB8310618A patent/GB2119724B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-03-28 BR BR8301607A patent/BR8301607A/en unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107539402A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2018-01-05 | 广西贵港市恒桥米业有限公司 | Electro-tricycle |
| CN110667306A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2020-01-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Small-diameter high-speed wheel device of unmanned system test platform false vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8310618D0 (en) | 1983-05-25 |
| BR8301607A (en) | 1983-12-06 |
| GB2119724B (en) | 1986-10-15 |
| GB2119724A (en) | 1983-11-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |