CA1220962A - Armour-plated turret - Google Patents
Armour-plated turretInfo
- Publication number
- CA1220962A CA1220962A CA000440900A CA440900A CA1220962A CA 1220962 A CA1220962 A CA 1220962A CA 000440900 A CA000440900 A CA 000440900A CA 440900 A CA440900 A CA 440900A CA 1220962 A CA1220962 A CA 1220962A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- weapon
- cross
- pivot
- gunnery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G5/00—Elevating or traversing control systems for guns
- F41G5/14—Elevating or traversing control systems for guns for vehicle-borne guns
- F41G5/24—Elevating or traversing control systems for guns for vehicle-borne guns for guns on tanks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A tank turret has a vertically displaceable weapon and an auxiliary gunnery instrument, e.g., a sight or gun position indicator. In this, error-free and direct transmission of the angular position of the weapon to the auxiliary gunnery instrument, which is remotely installed in relation to the weapon, is made possible in that between the weapon and the gun position indicator is incorporated a linkage system that is made up of a linkage parallelogram and a sliding bearing. At least the longitudinal rods of the linkage parallelogram are configured so as to be identical. The weapon is rigidly secured to one of the cross struts, and the sliding rod of the sliding bearing is rigidly secured to the other. The guide sleeve of the sliding bearing is accommodated in a pivot bearing that is secured to the turret and the pivot axis of this is oriented at right angles to the direction of displacement of the sliding rod. The auxiliary gunnery instrument is secured rigidly to a bearing trunnion that is connected rigidly to the guide sleeve.
A tank turret has a vertically displaceable weapon and an auxiliary gunnery instrument, e.g., a sight or gun position indicator. In this, error-free and direct transmission of the angular position of the weapon to the auxiliary gunnery instrument, which is remotely installed in relation to the weapon, is made possible in that between the weapon and the gun position indicator is incorporated a linkage system that is made up of a linkage parallelogram and a sliding bearing. At least the longitudinal rods of the linkage parallelogram are configured so as to be identical. The weapon is rigidly secured to one of the cross struts, and the sliding rod of the sliding bearing is rigidly secured to the other. The guide sleeve of the sliding bearing is accommodated in a pivot bearing that is secured to the turret and the pivot axis of this is oriented at right angles to the direction of displacement of the sliding rod. The auxiliary gunnery instrument is secured rigidly to a bearing trunnion that is connected rigidly to the guide sleeve.
Description
6~1' The present invention relates to a tank turret that houses a vertically pivo~ing weapon, e.g.1 a tank gun9 and having an auxiliary s tl~ v ~ vl t gunnery- ca~ e.g., a sight or a gun position indicator such as a resolver, which is installed so as to be able to pivot and moves in conjunction with the weapon and a linkage system having attachment points on the weapon and on the auxiliary gunnery instrument.
In a known tank turret of this kind, the linkage system is configured as a double linkage rod, i.e., as two rods that are connected through a joint. One free end of the double linkage rod is articulated ~ 71/~ f at a distance from the gun support in the turret, the so-called ~Pa4~-support, at the mantlet or the gun shield. The other free end of the double ~ ' ~-~ J /~7 f l ~
linkage rod is connected rigidly to thelg~mnery instrument, in this case the gun position indicator in the form of a resolver.- In the event that the gun is moved in the vertical plane, the auxiliary gunnery instrument in its fixed position in the turret will be moved through the same angle by the double linkage rod.
However, such a double linkage rod can lead to errors in transmission of the angle in the event that there is play in the gun and auxiliary gunnery instrument bearings. Such errors can also be caused by large variations in temperature, for example when the metal turret is exposed by strong sunlight.
Since both the weapon and tha auxiliary gunnery instrument are installed in the turret, their relative positions can change as a result of expansion of the different parts of the turret. As a rule, the double linkage rod does not expand equally, so that even if the weapon is in the basic position the auxiliary gunnery instrument will be displaced by an incorrect angle that corresponds to the difference in the lengths. Varying reactions to vibration in the turret and the double linkage rod will also lead to dynamic transmission :.
errors. In additionJ after installation the double linkage rod must be adjusted to the basic clearance between the weapon and the auxiliary gunner instrument, and this entails costly calibration of the weapon. Articulation of the double linkage rod on the mantlet requires milling and free cutting operations on the articulation point to ensure unrestricted mutual movement of the weapon and the double linkage rod. In most instances this leads to a - weakening of the mantlet armour.
In another known armoured vehicle turret~ the resolver is flange-mounted directly on the mantlet in order to avoid errors in angle transmission.
Although this leads to transmission errors that are caused by the linkage system, bearing play will cause such errors as beiore, and thqse can become quite considerable in extended turret service life.
~bove all else, however, access to the resolver is very poor so that the weapon itself has to be dismounted in order that routine maintenance work or the like can be carried out. In the event that a sighting device is coupled there is no possibility of resorting to such a solution~ since design options are greatly restricted because of the prescribed spatial arrangement of the sight.
The present invention aims to provide a tank turret of the type described above, which ensures reliable direct transmission of the angular position of the weapon to an auxiliary gunnery instrument arranged in the turret apart from the weapon mounting, that will retain its reliability even if there is play in the weapon and/or auxiliary gunnery instrument bearings as in the event of temperature variations.
The invention provides a tank turret that houses a vertically ~"st~ e~77' pivoting w~apon, an auxiliary gunnery weapon installed so as to be able to pivot and move in conjunction with the weapon~ and a linkage system having ~oa~z attachment points on the weapon and on the awxiliary gunnery instrument, said linkage system comprising a linkage parallelogram made up of two longitudinal rods and two cross struts and a sliding bearing formed by two bearing elements that can move relative to each other, at least said longitudinal rods are configured identically, one of said two bearing elements being secured in a fixed pivot bearing, having a pivot axis that is transverse to the direction of displacement of the other bearing element, through at least one pivot bearing trunnion the other bearing element being rigidly secured on one said cross strut, said trunnion that is connected to said one bearing element~
and the other cross strut that is furthest from the sliding bearing forming the attachment points for the linkage system to which the weapon and the auxiliary gunnery instrument are rigidly attached~
The linkage system of the invention entails the advantage that translational movements of the weapon in the horizontal or vertical direction resulting from ree play in the bearings, lead only to a shifting of the linkage parallelogram and/or rods in the guide sleeves of the sliding bearings but do not cause any rotary movement of the guide sleeve in the ~trunnion) bearings. Only vertical slewing movement of the gun and its associated mantlet produces pivoting of the guide sleeve and thereby an exact angular slewing of the auxiliary gunnery instrument.
Changes in temperature do not lead to any transmission errors. The longitudinal rods of the linkage parallelogram, which are located inside the turret are not exposed to such high temperatures as the outside of the turret itsel~. Any temperature changes cause equal changes in the lengths of the two longitudinal rods because of the identical configuration of these rods, and will thus lead only to a shifting of the rod in the guide sleeve.
Since both of the longitudinal rods are configured in an identical manner they ~i2 both display the same behaviour when subjected to vibration. equal vibrations on both longitudinal rods cause only oscillation of the rod in the guide sleeve and have no e~fect on the auxiliary gunnery instrument, so that it is even possible to eliminate dynamic transmission errors. The linkage parallelogram can be calibrated or zeroed outside the turret, and this effectively eliminates the need to carry out time-consuming adjustment procedures inside the turret.
Preferably it is the cross strut farthest from the sliding bearing that is connec~ed to the weapon. Because of this, only one pivot bearing fixed in the turret is needed for the auxiliary gunnery instrument and the sliding bearing. Preferably the cross strut away from the sliding bearing is located on the back of the mantlet so that the linkage system can be installed and arranged in the most favourable position according to the possible spatial installation conditions. There is absolutely no need to make modifications on the mantlet, which always leads to a weakening of the armour.
One cross strut can be constituted by the mantlet itself. Even though this makes it possible to eliminate the cross rod that is remote from the sliding bearing, it entails the disadvantage that the linkage parallelogram can no longer be zeroed outside the turret.
It is possible to compensate for low order vibration in the linkage pa~allelogram by an intermediate cross strut that is supported flexible between the longitudinal rods.
The invention ~ill be described in greater detail below, on the basis of an exemplary embodiment tha~ is illustrated in the drawings appended hereto. These drawings provide schematic representations of the following:
Figure 1, a longitudinal part cross-section of a tank turret;
~;220~
~ igure 2, a perspective view of the gun, linkage system and auxiliary gunneryinstrument of Figure l; and Figure 3~ a perspective drawing of a cross shaft o the linkage system shown in Figure 2, according to a further embodiment.
The front section 10 of the tank turret shown in Figure 1 incorporates a weapon 11 that can ~e elevated and depressed and is represented in this illustration by a tank gun. The part 12 in the tùrret which is required for this is covered by a gun mantlet 13 ~also called a gun shield). The mantlet 13 surrounds the actual gun barrel 14 and is rigidly connected to it. On both sides, transverse to the axis of the bore 15 the mantlet 13 has trunnions 16, supported in bearing shells 17 of a main trunnion bearing 18~
Within the turret an auxiliary gunnery instrument is mounted and this too can pivot in a vertical diroction. In this particular instance, this auxiliary gunnery instrument is a gun position indicator configured as a resolver; this replicates the movements of the gun and displays the elevated position of the gun 11 in the form of electrical values. The gun position indicator 19 is connected to the gun 11 through a linkage system 20 in such a manner that an angle of elevation/depression of the gun 11 in the vertical direction will cause the gun position indicator 19 to move through an identical vertical angle.
The linkage system 20 consists of a linkage parallelogram 21 and a sliding bearing 22. The linkage parallelogram 21 consists of two longitudinal rods 23 and 24 and two cross braces 25 and 26, being connected through joints 27 that preferably move freely about three axes. At least the two longitudinal rods 23 and 24 are configured in identical fashion, i.e., of materials of the same kind, of equal material strength, and the same length.
The sliding bearing 22 has a guide sleeve 28 and a sliding rod 29 that moves _ 5 _ 12209~;2 within this. The rod 29 is secured rigidly to cross brace 25. The guide sleeve 28 of the sliding bearing 22 is housed in a pivot bearing 30 that is fixed in the turret. In this regard the bearing axis 31 of the pivot bearing is oriented at right angles to the direction of movement of the sliding rod 29.
Two trunnions 32 and 33 protrude transversely from the guide sleeve 28, and these form the pivot bearing 30 with the bearing shells 44. The trunnion 33 extends beyond the bearing shell 34, and at one end bears the gun position indicator 19 that is connected rigidly to it and thus replicates the same slewing movements as the guide sleeve 28. The other cross brace 26 that is furthest from the sliding bearing is secured rigidly to the back 35 of the mantlet 13. The cross brace 26 and the trunnion 34 of the pivot bearing 30 thus form the points of attachment for the linkage system to the gun 11, on the one hand, and to the gun position indicator on the other. The cross brace 26 can be attached anywhere on the rear 35 of the mantlet 13, with the result that space constraints relevant to the installation of the gun position indicator 19 and the linkage system 20 can be readily met.
A cross brace 36 is provided in order to avoid low order vibrations in the case of relatively long longitudinal rods 23 and 24 and this is mounted flexibly at the centre of the longitudinal rods 23 and 24.
If the weapon 11 is now moved vertically through ~he angle ~
~Figure 1~, which is to say in the plane of the drawing of Figure 1, then this vertical movement will be transmitted through the linkage parallelogram 21, that will move in a corresponding manner, and through the guide sleeve 28 of the sliding bearing 22 which will be moved in its pivot bearing 30 through the identical angle ~Figure 1). Because the gun position indicator 19 is rigidly connected through the trunnion 33 with the guide sleeve 28, this will bring about an equal vertical displacement of the gun position indicator ~L2æ~62 19 through the angle ~. Thus a corresponding electrical value can be taken from the electrical output of the gun position indicator 19 or resolver.
Vertical and hori~ontal movements of the weapon 11 in its pivot bearings 18 ~bearing play~ will displace the linkage parallelogram 21 and shift the sliding rod 29 in the guide sleeve 28, but will cause no rotation of the guide sleeve 28 in its pivot bearing 30. Chang0s in the lengths of the two longitudinal rods 23, 24 as a result of temperature effects are equally large because of the identical configuration of the longitudinal rods 23, 24,a~d thus only shift the sliding rod 29 in the guide sleeve 28, to the exclusion of any sort of rotational movement of the guide sleeve 28.
The invention is not restricted to the embodiment described above.
Thus, a sighting device ~hat is moved by the weapon 11 can take the place of the gun position indicator l9. Neither the layout nor the method of operation change as a result of this.
It is possible to eliminate the cross strut 26 that is furthest from the sliding bearing and assign its function to the mantlet 13. In this c3se the longitudinal rods 23 and 24 must be articulated onto the back 35 of the man~let, separated from each other by a specific interval that corresponds to the length o~ the cross strut 25.
Furthermore, it is also possible to reverse the linkage system 20 in such a manner that the attachment points for the linkage system on the weapon 11 and the gun position indicator 19 are exchanged with each other, such that the cross strut 26 is connected to the gun position indicator 19 and the trunnion 33 is connected to the weapon 11, to a trunnion 16.
In the same way, the guide sleeve 28 and the slide rod 29 can be reversed in the way they are attached to the cross strut 25 and the pivot bearing 30. In this case the guide sleeve 29 is connected rigidly to the :, ~22~31G~
cross strut 25, whereas the slide rod 29 is held in the pivot bearing 20 through the trunnions 32, 33 in such a manner as to permit it to pivot.
This provides a better connection of the cross strut 25 and the sliding bearing 22, although greater moving masses result and this entails an increasecl risk of vibration.
A particularly effective configuration of the cross strut 25, 26 as a so-called cross spring element 37 is illustrated in Figure 3. These cross spring elements are intended to even out those slight changes in the attachment points of the linkage system 20 on the weapon 11 or the axis of the fixed pivot bearing 22 as may be necessitated by diferences in the tolerances involved, so that post-installation adjustment of the linkage system 20 in the turret becomes unnecessary. It is most expedient if the linkage system is so configured that the plane spanned by the longitudinal rods 23, 24 as well as a plane that extends through the plane of the direction of displacement of the sliding bearing 22 and one passing through the plane of the axis of the bore 15 are for the most part parallel.
The joint connectors of the linkage parallelogram 21 between the longitudinal rods 23, 24 and the cross strut 25, 26 are configured as cross struts 27 with one degree of freedom when this cross spring element 37 is used as the cross struts 25, 26, as they are represented by one pivot bearing 30.
Each cross spring element 37 has two prismatic installation blocks 38, 39 which, when the surface diagonals 40, 41 (shown by broken lines in Figure 3) are aligned, abut on each other on a long edge 42, 43. The two installation blocks 38, 39 are secured to each other by crossed spring bands 44~ 45, and 46 that are under tension. The ends of the longitudinal rods 23, 24 are articulated on one installation block 38 with their pivot axes 47, 48 transverse to the long edge 42, whereas in the case of the cross strut 26 the ~z~z weapon, and in the case o~ the cross strut 26 the sliding rod 29 o~ the sliding bearing 22 is secured rigidly to the other installation block 39.
In a known tank turret of this kind, the linkage system is configured as a double linkage rod, i.e., as two rods that are connected through a joint. One free end of the double linkage rod is articulated ~ 71/~ f at a distance from the gun support in the turret, the so-called ~Pa4~-support, at the mantlet or the gun shield. The other free end of the double ~ ' ~-~ J /~7 f l ~
linkage rod is connected rigidly to thelg~mnery instrument, in this case the gun position indicator in the form of a resolver.- In the event that the gun is moved in the vertical plane, the auxiliary gunnery instrument in its fixed position in the turret will be moved through the same angle by the double linkage rod.
However, such a double linkage rod can lead to errors in transmission of the angle in the event that there is play in the gun and auxiliary gunnery instrument bearings. Such errors can also be caused by large variations in temperature, for example when the metal turret is exposed by strong sunlight.
Since both the weapon and tha auxiliary gunnery instrument are installed in the turret, their relative positions can change as a result of expansion of the different parts of the turret. As a rule, the double linkage rod does not expand equally, so that even if the weapon is in the basic position the auxiliary gunnery instrument will be displaced by an incorrect angle that corresponds to the difference in the lengths. Varying reactions to vibration in the turret and the double linkage rod will also lead to dynamic transmission :.
errors. In additionJ after installation the double linkage rod must be adjusted to the basic clearance between the weapon and the auxiliary gunner instrument, and this entails costly calibration of the weapon. Articulation of the double linkage rod on the mantlet requires milling and free cutting operations on the articulation point to ensure unrestricted mutual movement of the weapon and the double linkage rod. In most instances this leads to a - weakening of the mantlet armour.
In another known armoured vehicle turret~ the resolver is flange-mounted directly on the mantlet in order to avoid errors in angle transmission.
Although this leads to transmission errors that are caused by the linkage system, bearing play will cause such errors as beiore, and thqse can become quite considerable in extended turret service life.
~bove all else, however, access to the resolver is very poor so that the weapon itself has to be dismounted in order that routine maintenance work or the like can be carried out. In the event that a sighting device is coupled there is no possibility of resorting to such a solution~ since design options are greatly restricted because of the prescribed spatial arrangement of the sight.
The present invention aims to provide a tank turret of the type described above, which ensures reliable direct transmission of the angular position of the weapon to an auxiliary gunnery instrument arranged in the turret apart from the weapon mounting, that will retain its reliability even if there is play in the weapon and/or auxiliary gunnery instrument bearings as in the event of temperature variations.
The invention provides a tank turret that houses a vertically ~"st~ e~77' pivoting w~apon, an auxiliary gunnery weapon installed so as to be able to pivot and move in conjunction with the weapon~ and a linkage system having ~oa~z attachment points on the weapon and on the awxiliary gunnery instrument, said linkage system comprising a linkage parallelogram made up of two longitudinal rods and two cross struts and a sliding bearing formed by two bearing elements that can move relative to each other, at least said longitudinal rods are configured identically, one of said two bearing elements being secured in a fixed pivot bearing, having a pivot axis that is transverse to the direction of displacement of the other bearing element, through at least one pivot bearing trunnion the other bearing element being rigidly secured on one said cross strut, said trunnion that is connected to said one bearing element~
and the other cross strut that is furthest from the sliding bearing forming the attachment points for the linkage system to which the weapon and the auxiliary gunnery instrument are rigidly attached~
The linkage system of the invention entails the advantage that translational movements of the weapon in the horizontal or vertical direction resulting from ree play in the bearings, lead only to a shifting of the linkage parallelogram and/or rods in the guide sleeves of the sliding bearings but do not cause any rotary movement of the guide sleeve in the ~trunnion) bearings. Only vertical slewing movement of the gun and its associated mantlet produces pivoting of the guide sleeve and thereby an exact angular slewing of the auxiliary gunnery instrument.
Changes in temperature do not lead to any transmission errors. The longitudinal rods of the linkage parallelogram, which are located inside the turret are not exposed to such high temperatures as the outside of the turret itsel~. Any temperature changes cause equal changes in the lengths of the two longitudinal rods because of the identical configuration of these rods, and will thus lead only to a shifting of the rod in the guide sleeve.
Since both of the longitudinal rods are configured in an identical manner they ~i2 both display the same behaviour when subjected to vibration. equal vibrations on both longitudinal rods cause only oscillation of the rod in the guide sleeve and have no e~fect on the auxiliary gunnery instrument, so that it is even possible to eliminate dynamic transmission errors. The linkage parallelogram can be calibrated or zeroed outside the turret, and this effectively eliminates the need to carry out time-consuming adjustment procedures inside the turret.
Preferably it is the cross strut farthest from the sliding bearing that is connec~ed to the weapon. Because of this, only one pivot bearing fixed in the turret is needed for the auxiliary gunnery instrument and the sliding bearing. Preferably the cross strut away from the sliding bearing is located on the back of the mantlet so that the linkage system can be installed and arranged in the most favourable position according to the possible spatial installation conditions. There is absolutely no need to make modifications on the mantlet, which always leads to a weakening of the armour.
One cross strut can be constituted by the mantlet itself. Even though this makes it possible to eliminate the cross rod that is remote from the sliding bearing, it entails the disadvantage that the linkage parallelogram can no longer be zeroed outside the turret.
It is possible to compensate for low order vibration in the linkage pa~allelogram by an intermediate cross strut that is supported flexible between the longitudinal rods.
The invention ~ill be described in greater detail below, on the basis of an exemplary embodiment tha~ is illustrated in the drawings appended hereto. These drawings provide schematic representations of the following:
Figure 1, a longitudinal part cross-section of a tank turret;
~;220~
~ igure 2, a perspective view of the gun, linkage system and auxiliary gunneryinstrument of Figure l; and Figure 3~ a perspective drawing of a cross shaft o the linkage system shown in Figure 2, according to a further embodiment.
The front section 10 of the tank turret shown in Figure 1 incorporates a weapon 11 that can ~e elevated and depressed and is represented in this illustration by a tank gun. The part 12 in the tùrret which is required for this is covered by a gun mantlet 13 ~also called a gun shield). The mantlet 13 surrounds the actual gun barrel 14 and is rigidly connected to it. On both sides, transverse to the axis of the bore 15 the mantlet 13 has trunnions 16, supported in bearing shells 17 of a main trunnion bearing 18~
Within the turret an auxiliary gunnery instrument is mounted and this too can pivot in a vertical diroction. In this particular instance, this auxiliary gunnery instrument is a gun position indicator configured as a resolver; this replicates the movements of the gun and displays the elevated position of the gun 11 in the form of electrical values. The gun position indicator 19 is connected to the gun 11 through a linkage system 20 in such a manner that an angle of elevation/depression of the gun 11 in the vertical direction will cause the gun position indicator 19 to move through an identical vertical angle.
The linkage system 20 consists of a linkage parallelogram 21 and a sliding bearing 22. The linkage parallelogram 21 consists of two longitudinal rods 23 and 24 and two cross braces 25 and 26, being connected through joints 27 that preferably move freely about three axes. At least the two longitudinal rods 23 and 24 are configured in identical fashion, i.e., of materials of the same kind, of equal material strength, and the same length.
The sliding bearing 22 has a guide sleeve 28 and a sliding rod 29 that moves _ 5 _ 12209~;2 within this. The rod 29 is secured rigidly to cross brace 25. The guide sleeve 28 of the sliding bearing 22 is housed in a pivot bearing 30 that is fixed in the turret. In this regard the bearing axis 31 of the pivot bearing is oriented at right angles to the direction of movement of the sliding rod 29.
Two trunnions 32 and 33 protrude transversely from the guide sleeve 28, and these form the pivot bearing 30 with the bearing shells 44. The trunnion 33 extends beyond the bearing shell 34, and at one end bears the gun position indicator 19 that is connected rigidly to it and thus replicates the same slewing movements as the guide sleeve 28. The other cross brace 26 that is furthest from the sliding bearing is secured rigidly to the back 35 of the mantlet 13. The cross brace 26 and the trunnion 34 of the pivot bearing 30 thus form the points of attachment for the linkage system to the gun 11, on the one hand, and to the gun position indicator on the other. The cross brace 26 can be attached anywhere on the rear 35 of the mantlet 13, with the result that space constraints relevant to the installation of the gun position indicator 19 and the linkage system 20 can be readily met.
A cross brace 36 is provided in order to avoid low order vibrations in the case of relatively long longitudinal rods 23 and 24 and this is mounted flexibly at the centre of the longitudinal rods 23 and 24.
If the weapon 11 is now moved vertically through ~he angle ~
~Figure 1~, which is to say in the plane of the drawing of Figure 1, then this vertical movement will be transmitted through the linkage parallelogram 21, that will move in a corresponding manner, and through the guide sleeve 28 of the sliding bearing 22 which will be moved in its pivot bearing 30 through the identical angle ~Figure 1). Because the gun position indicator 19 is rigidly connected through the trunnion 33 with the guide sleeve 28, this will bring about an equal vertical displacement of the gun position indicator ~L2æ~62 19 through the angle ~. Thus a corresponding electrical value can be taken from the electrical output of the gun position indicator 19 or resolver.
Vertical and hori~ontal movements of the weapon 11 in its pivot bearings 18 ~bearing play~ will displace the linkage parallelogram 21 and shift the sliding rod 29 in the guide sleeve 28, but will cause no rotation of the guide sleeve 28 in its pivot bearing 30. Chang0s in the lengths of the two longitudinal rods 23, 24 as a result of temperature effects are equally large because of the identical configuration of the longitudinal rods 23, 24,a~d thus only shift the sliding rod 29 in the guide sleeve 28, to the exclusion of any sort of rotational movement of the guide sleeve 28.
The invention is not restricted to the embodiment described above.
Thus, a sighting device ~hat is moved by the weapon 11 can take the place of the gun position indicator l9. Neither the layout nor the method of operation change as a result of this.
It is possible to eliminate the cross strut 26 that is furthest from the sliding bearing and assign its function to the mantlet 13. In this c3se the longitudinal rods 23 and 24 must be articulated onto the back 35 of the man~let, separated from each other by a specific interval that corresponds to the length o~ the cross strut 25.
Furthermore, it is also possible to reverse the linkage system 20 in such a manner that the attachment points for the linkage system on the weapon 11 and the gun position indicator 19 are exchanged with each other, such that the cross strut 26 is connected to the gun position indicator 19 and the trunnion 33 is connected to the weapon 11, to a trunnion 16.
In the same way, the guide sleeve 28 and the slide rod 29 can be reversed in the way they are attached to the cross strut 25 and the pivot bearing 30. In this case the guide sleeve 29 is connected rigidly to the :, ~22~31G~
cross strut 25, whereas the slide rod 29 is held in the pivot bearing 20 through the trunnions 32, 33 in such a manner as to permit it to pivot.
This provides a better connection of the cross strut 25 and the sliding bearing 22, although greater moving masses result and this entails an increasecl risk of vibration.
A particularly effective configuration of the cross strut 25, 26 as a so-called cross spring element 37 is illustrated in Figure 3. These cross spring elements are intended to even out those slight changes in the attachment points of the linkage system 20 on the weapon 11 or the axis of the fixed pivot bearing 22 as may be necessitated by diferences in the tolerances involved, so that post-installation adjustment of the linkage system 20 in the turret becomes unnecessary. It is most expedient if the linkage system is so configured that the plane spanned by the longitudinal rods 23, 24 as well as a plane that extends through the plane of the direction of displacement of the sliding bearing 22 and one passing through the plane of the axis of the bore 15 are for the most part parallel.
The joint connectors of the linkage parallelogram 21 between the longitudinal rods 23, 24 and the cross strut 25, 26 are configured as cross struts 27 with one degree of freedom when this cross spring element 37 is used as the cross struts 25, 26, as they are represented by one pivot bearing 30.
Each cross spring element 37 has two prismatic installation blocks 38, 39 which, when the surface diagonals 40, 41 (shown by broken lines in Figure 3) are aligned, abut on each other on a long edge 42, 43. The two installation blocks 38, 39 are secured to each other by crossed spring bands 44~ 45, and 46 that are under tension. The ends of the longitudinal rods 23, 24 are articulated on one installation block 38 with their pivot axes 47, 48 transverse to the long edge 42, whereas in the case of the cross strut 26 the ~z~z weapon, and in the case o~ the cross strut 26 the sliding rod 29 o~ the sliding bearing 22 is secured rigidly to the other installation block 39.
Claims (9)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A tank turret that houses a vertically pivoting weapon, an auxiliary gunnery instrument installed so as to be able to pivot and move in conjunction with the weapon, and a linkage system having attachment points on the weapon and on the auxiliary gunnery instrument, said linkage system comprising a linkage parallelogram made up of two longitudinal rods and two cross struts and a sliding bearing formed by two bearing elements that can move relative to each other, at least said longitudinal rods are configured identically, one of said two bearing elements being secured in a fixed pivot bearing, having a pivot axis that is transverse to the direction of displacement of the other bearing element, through at least one pivot bearing trunnion the other bearing element being rigidly secured on one said cross strut, said trunnion that is connected to said one bearing element, and the other cross strut that is furthest from the sliding bearing forming the attachment points for the linkage system to which the weapon and the auxiliary gunnery instrument are rigidly attached.
2. A tank turret according to claim 1, wherein said other cross strut is connected rigidly to the weapon, and said pivot bearing trunnion is formed from the bearing trunnion of the auxiliary gunnery instrument pivot bearing.
3. A tank turret according to claim 2, wherein said other cross strut is secured to the back of a mantlet of the weapon.
4. A tank turret according to claim 2, wherein said other cross strut is formed by a mantlet of the weapon.
5. A tank turret according to claim 1, 2 or 3, comprising an intermediate cross strut that abuts against and is flexible to the longitudinal rods.
6. A tank turret according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said sliding bearing has a guide sleeve within which can slide a sliding rod, and wherein said one bearing element that is contained in the pivot bearing is the guide sleeve and said other bearing element that is connected to the cross strut is the sliding rod.
7. A tank turret according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the linkage system is arranged and oriented so that the plane encompassed by the longitudinal rods and the direction of displacement of the sliding bearing are parallel or approximately parallel to each other and to the axis of the boreof the weapon.
8. A tank turret according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the cross struts are configured as cross spring elements, and the joint connections of the linkage parallelogram are configured as joints having one degree of freedom.
9. A tank turret according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the cross struts are configured as cross spring elements, and the joint connections of the linkage parallelogram are configured as joints having one degree of freedom,and wherein each of the cross spring elements has two installation blocks which, when the surface diagonals are aligned abut against each other on a long edge and are connected to each other securely by means of crossed spring bands ; said longitudinal rods being articulated on one installation block with their pivot axes transverse to said long edge, and the weapon or said one bearing element of the sliding bearing, respectively, is articulated on the other installation block.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823241665 DE3241665A1 (en) | 1982-11-11 | 1982-11-11 | Tank turret |
| DEP3241665.2 | 1982-11-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1220962A true CA1220962A (en) | 1987-04-28 |
Family
ID=6177826
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000440900A Expired CA1220962A (en) | 1982-11-11 | 1983-11-10 | Armour-plated turret |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU553857B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE898178A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1220962A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3241665A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK157416C (en) |
| GR (1) | GR79500B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1169933B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8303703A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO156958C (en) |
| TR (1) | TR22025A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3928614A1 (en) * | 1989-08-30 | 1992-10-08 | Wegmann & Co | Secondary weapon on armoured fighting vehicle - has its elevation movement synchronised with main weapon |
| FR2824896B1 (en) | 2001-05-17 | 2003-08-15 | Giat Ind Sa | WEAPON POINTING SYSTEM |
| FR2827667B1 (en) | 2001-07-17 | 2003-10-03 | Giat Ind Sa | WEAPON POINTING SYSTEM |
| FR2827668B1 (en) * | 2001-07-17 | 2003-10-03 | Giat Ind Sa | WEAPON AND SITE POINTING SYSTEM |
| DE10337642B4 (en) * | 2003-08-16 | 2007-08-02 | Kraus-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Modular weapon station, in particular for placement on a combat vehicle |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1817554C3 (en) * | 1968-12-31 | 1978-04-13 | Wegmann & Co, 3500 Kassel | Mechanical connection between target optics and weapon |
-
1982
- 1982-11-11 DE DE19823241665 patent/DE3241665A1/en active Granted
-
1983
- 1983-10-27 NL NL8303703A patent/NL8303703A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-11-02 DK DK501783A patent/DK157416C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-11-02 NO NO833985A patent/NO156958C/en unknown
- 1983-11-03 TR TR22025A patent/TR22025A/en unknown
- 1983-11-07 AU AU21039/83A patent/AU553857B2/en not_active Expired
- 1983-11-08 BE BE0/211841A patent/BE898178A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-11-08 IT IT23628/83A patent/IT1169933B/en active
- 1983-11-09 GR GR72922A patent/GR79500B/el unknown
- 1983-11-10 CA CA000440900A patent/CA1220962A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GR79500B (en) | 1984-10-30 |
| NL8303703A (en) | 1984-06-01 |
| AU2103983A (en) | 1984-05-17 |
| IT8323628A0 (en) | 1983-11-08 |
| NO156958B (en) | 1987-09-14 |
| AU553857B2 (en) | 1986-07-31 |
| BE898178A (en) | 1984-03-01 |
| DK501783D0 (en) | 1983-11-02 |
| IT1169933B (en) | 1987-06-03 |
| DE3241665A1 (en) | 1984-05-17 |
| DE3241665C2 (en) | 1990-09-06 |
| NO833985L (en) | 1984-05-14 |
| DK501783A (en) | 1984-05-12 |
| TR22025A (en) | 1986-01-16 |
| DK157416C (en) | 1990-06-05 |
| NO156958C (en) | 1987-12-23 |
| DK157416B (en) | 1990-01-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |