CA1218630A - Magnetic refuse separator - Google Patents
Magnetic refuse separatorInfo
- Publication number
- CA1218630A CA1218630A CA000455549A CA455549A CA1218630A CA 1218630 A CA1218630 A CA 1218630A CA 000455549 A CA000455549 A CA 000455549A CA 455549 A CA455549 A CA 455549A CA 1218630 A CA1218630 A CA 1218630A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- magnetic field
- field generating
- articles
- generating portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/16—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts
- B03C1/22—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts with non-movable magnets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Landscapes
- Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Belt Conveyors (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION
A magnetic separator comprising a plurality of relatively aligned magnetic field generating means and belt means associated with the magnetic field generating means and supported to move serially through the magnetic fields generated by the magnetic field generating means. The magnetic field generating means are spaced relative to each other in the direction of their relative alignment a distance sufficient to produce serial gaps between the magnetic fields generated such that magnetic articles attracted to the belt means by one of the magnetic fields fall away from the belt means at the gaps.
The magnetic separator also comprises conveying means below the belt means means and supported at the yaps to receive magnetic articles falling from one of the magnetic fields and to transport the fallen magnetic articles to the next magnetic field where the magnetic articles are again attracted to the belt means.
A magnetic separator comprising a plurality of relatively aligned magnetic field generating means and belt means associated with the magnetic field generating means and supported to move serially through the magnetic fields generated by the magnetic field generating means. The magnetic field generating means are spaced relative to each other in the direction of their relative alignment a distance sufficient to produce serial gaps between the magnetic fields generated such that magnetic articles attracted to the belt means by one of the magnetic fields fall away from the belt means at the gaps.
The magnetic separator also comprises conveying means below the belt means means and supported at the yaps to receive magnetic articles falling from one of the magnetic fields and to transport the fallen magnetic articles to the next magnetic field where the magnetic articles are again attracted to the belt means.
Description
i3~
~AGNET~C REFU~E SEPARATOR
This invention relatefi to magnetic separators and, more particularly, to magnetic ~eparation of maynetic material in re~use.
Wi~h more and more emphasis being placed on racycling, it is hecoming more desirable to recover salvageable articles from otherwise discarded ~aterial. Much of ehe metalic material dificarded as retufie can generally be recycled for one purpo~e or another, provided it can be efficiently separated from t~e remainder of the reu~e. The metalic material intended to be recaptsred is generally also maqnetic EO that magnetic separation is a possibility for recapture. Ho~ever, the nonmetalic material, e.q., paper, is usually light and tangled with the magnetic material and thus ~ub3ect to being carried along with the magnetic material, making complete separa~ion diffirult, if not impossible. Also, in ~ome cases it may be desirable to separate the lighter material (e.g. paper) for recycling.
~ here a~e various designs of magnetic separators, none of which, to the inventor's knowledge, insure comple~a 6eparation of magnetic mJterial from nonmagnetic material.
One type of magnetic separator provides a continuoufi belt moving through a magnetic field generated by a magnetic assembly, the magnetic assembly being positioned above a portion of the belt. The magnetic assembly typically comprises a . ... . .. , .. .. . . _, _ . . . . _ .. .
~ J`
~2~3~
plurality of magnet~ magnetically coupled together.
Magnetic objects are attracted to and carLied along th~e belt, while nonmagnetic obje~ts fall away from the belt and are thereby separatead from the magnetic objects. A problem with thi~ type of magnetic separator is that heavy magnetic ob)ect~ sometime6 fall away from the belt as they are tran6ferred from one magnet of the magnetic a66embly to another, and are irretrievably lost.
Barrett, et al. U.S. Paten~ 3,890,239 and Barrett U.~. Patent 3,935.947, both entitled "Magnetic Refuse Separator, " disclo6e magnetic 6eparators.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The inveption provide~ a magnetic 6eparator compri6ing first belt mean~, means supporting ~he fir6t belt msan~ for movement along a horizontal path and with a portion of the first belt means facing downwardly, and means ~or moving the ir6t belt means along the horizon~al path.
Preferably, the first belt mean~ is a conveyor belt moving around a clo~ed path, witb a portion of the closed patb being horizontal.
The magnetlc separator also compri6es magnetic field generating means ~upported adjacent the first belt mean6 alony tho horizontal path to generate an attractive maqnetic field through which the fir6t belt means moves. The magnetic field generating means includes first and second magnstic field generating portions, the 6econd field generating portion being spaced horizontally a . ... . . , .. . ... . , _ _ _, . _ . , , _3_ ~Z~8~3~
predetermined distance from ~he first field generating portion in the direction o~ movement of the first belt means along the horizontal path. This provides a gap in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means 80 that magnetic articles attracted to the first belt means in the area of the firEt field geDerating portion are released in the gap and fall away from the first belt means. In the preferred embodiment. ths magnetic field generating portons are conventional electromagnets.
The magnetic separator further comprises second belt means and mean6 supporting the second belt means for mo~ement along a horizontal path and with a portion of the second belt means facing generally upwardly. The ~econd belt means is positioned generally between the first~magnetic field generating portion and the second magnetic field generating portion 80 that articles released in the gap and falling away from the first belt means fall onto the second belt means.
The magnetic separator further comprises means for moving the second belt means along the horizontal path and into the attractivs magnetic field generated 'oy the second magnetic field generating portion so that magnetic articles that have fallen onto the second belt means from the first belt means at the gap are conveyed by the second belt means along the hori~ontal path to the magnetic field of the second magnetic field generating portion. At this point, the magnetic articles are again attracted to the first belt means, this time in the area of the second magnetic field generating portion, while nonmagnetic article6 carried with the magnetic articles remain on the second belt means and are thu5 separated from the magnetic articlec.
In the preferred embodiment, the fiecond belt mean6 is also a conveyor belt moving around a cloged path, with a portion of the closed path being horizontal.
- A principal advantage of the invention is that it provides an improved means for separating magn0tic articles from nonmagnetic articles, ~his being the pic~ing up, dropping and again picking up of the magnetic articles.
Another advintage of the invention iB
that magnetic articles need not be conveyed continuously by a single belt from the magnetic field of one magnet to the magnetic ield of another.
Other advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of the following detailed description, claims, and drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DR~WINGS
Figure 1 is a side view of a combination refuse separator and 6upply conveyor.
Figure 2 is a top view of the refuse separator of Figure 1.
Figure 3 i5 a ~chematic vie~ of an alternative embodiment of the refuse 6eparator.
DESCRIPTION OF T~E PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Illu~trated in the drawings is a magnetic refuse ~eparator 10 in combination with a supply conveyor lZ, a hopper 14, and a splitter baffle 16. The function of the hopper 14 and splitter baffle 16 i8 to physically segregate -s ~2~ 3~
6eparated magnetic and nonmagnstic material. No pa~ticular form o either is necessary.
The refuse separator 10 is intended to receive burden from the 6upply conveyor 12 and carry the magnetic portion of the burden over the splitter baffle 16 while the nonmagnetia portion ~alls. by reason of gravity, into the hopper 14. To this end, the separator 10 includes a plurality of relatively aligned magnetic fi~ld generating portions la and first conveying means Z0 supported to move serially through the magnetic field generated by the magnetic ield generating portions 18. The magnetic field generating portions 18 are spaced relative to each other in the directioD of their relative alignment a distance sufficient to produce serial gaps between the magnetic fields generated 6uch that magnetic articles attracted to the first conveying means 20 by one of the magnetic fields fall away from the firsL
conveying means 20 at ~he qaps. The separator 10 further includes second conveying means 22 below the first conveying means 20 and supported at the gaps to receive magnetic articles falling from one of the magnetic Pields and to transport the fallen magnetic articles to the next magnetic field where they are again attracted to the first conveying means ~0.
While various suitable first conveying means 20 could be employed, in the preferred embodiment, the first conveying means 20 comprises a pair of conveyor belts 30 and 32, each o which moves around a closed path, and, in the iliustrated construction, in a counter-clockwise manner. Belt 30 moves around pulleys or rollers 3q and 36 and has a generally horizontal lower extension. The drive pulley 34 is connected to a drive motor 38 .. . .. . . ... ~
~2~
through a drive belt 40 80 that belt 30 is driven by the drive pulley 34. Thu~, belt 30 travels in a continuous closed path under the influence o~ the drive pulley 3q.
!8elt 32 also moves around pulleys or rollers 35 and 37 and has a generally horizontal lower extension. The drive pulley 35 is connected to a drive motor 39 through a drive belt so that belt 3Z
is driven by the drive pulley 35.
In the preferred embodiment. the maqnetic field generating portions 18 are conventional electromagnetz 42, 44 and 46. The magnets are spaced apart a sufficient distance so that ehe magnetic flux in the gap between the magnets i8 either reduced to zero or diminished ~o a point where magnetic articles are not attracted.
It should be appreciated that the magnetic field generating portions 18 could also be permanent magnets or a combination of electromagnets and permanent magnets. Electromagnets afford a possible safety advantage when wor~ must be done in the area of the separator in that they can be turned off and cleared of all material.
While other ~uitable means could be used, in the preferred embodiment the second conveying means 22 compri6es conveyor belts 4a and 50 positloned generally between the magnets g2, 44, and 46. Each belt moves continuously around a pair of rollers 5Z, with one of the roller6 52 being driven by a drive motor (not ~hown) in a manner similar to that in which the drive motor 38 drives balt 30.
Each belt has a generally horizontal upper extension. In tha illustrated construction, belts 48 and 50 move in a clockwise manner so that the upper lZ~63~
qx~ension6 o~ belts 48 and S~ are moving in the same direction as the lower 2xtensions of belts 30 and 32.
~ elts 48 and S0 are positioned generally between magnets 42, 44, and 46 such that articles released in one of the gaps and falling away from one o belts 30 and 32 fall onto one of belts 48 and 50 and are conveyed by the belt to the magnetic field of the n~xt magnet. At this point, the magnetic articles are again attracted to belt 30 or 32 adjacent the next magnet, whereby nonmagnetic articles carried with the magnetic articles are separated therefrom.
The belts and magnets may be supported by an suitable frame structure, and a portion of a frame structure 60 i8 illustrated in Fig. l. A
complete showing of the strucural framework of the separator lO is not necessary to an understanding of tbis invention, and a g~neral description of the support structure is believed to bq adequate. Also, the upper belts 30 and 32 should be adjustable vertically with reEpect to the supply conveyor 12 and the lower belts 48 and 50, or vice veLsa, and the lower belts 48 and S0 should be adjustable horizontally with respect to the upper belts 30 and 32, or vice versa. The details of an adju6table mounting ~re not shown, but if details of such a mounting are desired, referenae may be had to the aforementioned U.S. ~3arrett Patent 3,809,239.
In operation, as shown in Fig. 1, the conveyor 12 carrie8 burden into the magnetic field of magnet 42 and the magnetic material contained in the burden is attracted to belt 30 by magnet 42. The nonmagnetic material such as paper will fall by gravity into the hopper 14, and the magnetic material travels with belt 30. However, paper and like nonmagneeic material, being relatiYely light, is prone to being tangled with the magnetic material and carried along with it into engagem*nt with bslt 30 such that it cannot fall into the hopper 14. To provide improved means for d~slodging this entrapped nonmagnetic material, thi~ in~ention provides for dropping and picking up of the burdan carried by belt 30.
More specifically, a magnetic article i8 initially attracted to belt 30 by magnet 42. ~he magnetic arlicle is then conveyed through the magnetic field of magnet 42 (to the right in Fig. l) until it reaches the gap between magnets 42 and 44.
Since there is no attractive force in the gap holding the magnetic article on belt 30, the magnetic article will fall, due to gravity, onto belt 4~. During the course of tumbling through the air and landing on belt 48, any nonmagne~ic articles that were entangled with the magnetic article should become separated therefrom.
~ elt 48 then conveys the magnetic article and any nonmagnetic articles that have fallen thereon into the magnetic field of magnet 44. Here the magnetic article i5 again attracted to belt 30, while any nonmagnetic articles that were carried to belt 4a with the magnetic article will remain on belt 48 until they fall from the end of the upper extension of belt 48 into the hopper 14.
After being again attracted to belt 30, the magnetic article is conveyed by belt 30 through the magnetic field of magnet 44. Upon reaching the gap between magnets 44 and 4~, the magnetic article again falls away from belt 30, this time onto belt 8~0 50, and the proce6s of separating nonmagnetic articles from the magnetic article i~ repeated. Any nonmagnetic articles that were carried by the magnetic article to belt 50 are deposited into the hoppar 14 at the end of the upper extension of belt 50, while the magnetic article is attracted to belt 32 in the magnetic field of magnet 46. .8elt 3Z
conveys the magnetic article through the magnetic field of magnet 46 and OVeL the splitter baffle 16, where the magne~ic article is then dropped from the separator 10 into an area separated from the hopper 14.
An additional advantage of this invention, along with improved separation of magnetic and nonmagnetic articles, i8 that magnetlc articles need not be conveyed coDtinuously by a single belt from the magnetic field of one magnet to the mangetic field of another. This is sometimes a problem in that heavy magnetic object~ tend to fall off as they are transferred from one magnet to another. This invention does not attempt to do this, a~ each magnet picks up and drops the magnetic articles.
Illustrated in Figure 3 i~ an alternative embodiment of the invention. The magnetic field generating portions are magnets 60, 62, and 64. The first conveying means 20 comprises th~ee separate belts 66, 68, and 70, with belt 66 moving along a continuous path around magnet 60, belt 68 moving along a continuous path around magnet 62, and belt 70 moving along a continuous path around magnet 64. The second conveying means Z2 comprises a single belt 72 extending from beneath magnet 60 to baneath magnet 64, and moving along a continous path having a generally horizontal upper extension.
-10 ~L86~
In the construction illustrated in Fig.
3, belt~ 66, 68, and 70 move counter-clockwi6e, and belt 72 moves clockwise.
In operation, the conveyor 12 carries burden into the magnetic field of magnet 60 and the magnetic material contained in the burden is thereby attracted to belt 66. The magnetic material is then carried by belt 66 to the gap between magnets 60 and 62, where i~ is dropped onto belt 72, whereby it is carried into the magnetic field o~ magnet 62, whe~e it i6 attracted to belt 68. The magnetic material i6 next carried by belt 68 to the gap between magnets 62 and 64, where it is dropped again onto belt 72, whereby it is carried into the magnetic field of magnet 64, where it is attracted to belt 70. The magnetic material is finally carried by belt 70 over the 6plitter baffle 16, where it is dropped in an area separated from nonmagnetic mateIial. Meanwhile, nonmagnetic material carried with the magnetic material to bels 72 is deposited from the end of belt 72 on the 6ide of the splittar baffle 16 opposite the side on which magnetic material i8 deposited.
~ t should be appreciated that many other combinations of magnet6 and cohveying means are within the scope of the invention, and that the conveying means need not be conveyor belts. ~ny means conveying the magnetic material through the magnetic fields will do. Purthermore, the invention does not require more than two magnatic field generating portion6, or, alternatively stated, more than one gap. Depending on the nature of the refuse to be separated, one gap may be sufficient.
Additional gaps, or additional dropping and picking up of magnetic material, simply increase the 36;~1 likelihood of complete 6~paration of magnetic and nonmagnetic material.
~AGNET~C REFU~E SEPARATOR
This invention relatefi to magnetic separators and, more particularly, to magnetic ~eparation of maynetic material in re~use.
Wi~h more and more emphasis being placed on racycling, it is hecoming more desirable to recover salvageable articles from otherwise discarded ~aterial. Much of ehe metalic material dificarded as retufie can generally be recycled for one purpo~e or another, provided it can be efficiently separated from t~e remainder of the reu~e. The metalic material intended to be recaptsred is generally also maqnetic EO that magnetic separation is a possibility for recapture. Ho~ever, the nonmetalic material, e.q., paper, is usually light and tangled with the magnetic material and thus ~ub3ect to being carried along with the magnetic material, making complete separa~ion diffirult, if not impossible. Also, in ~ome cases it may be desirable to separate the lighter material (e.g. paper) for recycling.
~ here a~e various designs of magnetic separators, none of which, to the inventor's knowledge, insure comple~a 6eparation of magnetic mJterial from nonmagnetic material.
One type of magnetic separator provides a continuoufi belt moving through a magnetic field generated by a magnetic assembly, the magnetic assembly being positioned above a portion of the belt. The magnetic assembly typically comprises a . ... . .. , .. .. . . _, _ . . . . _ .. .
~ J`
~2~3~
plurality of magnet~ magnetically coupled together.
Magnetic objects are attracted to and carLied along th~e belt, while nonmagnetic obje~ts fall away from the belt and are thereby separatead from the magnetic objects. A problem with thi~ type of magnetic separator is that heavy magnetic ob)ect~ sometime6 fall away from the belt as they are tran6ferred from one magnet of the magnetic a66embly to another, and are irretrievably lost.
Barrett, et al. U.S. Paten~ 3,890,239 and Barrett U.~. Patent 3,935.947, both entitled "Magnetic Refuse Separator, " disclo6e magnetic 6eparators.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The inveption provide~ a magnetic 6eparator compri6ing first belt mean~, means supporting ~he fir6t belt msan~ for movement along a horizontal path and with a portion of the first belt means facing downwardly, and means ~or moving the ir6t belt means along the horizon~al path.
Preferably, the first belt mean~ is a conveyor belt moving around a clo~ed path, witb a portion of the closed patb being horizontal.
The magnetlc separator also compri6es magnetic field generating means ~upported adjacent the first belt mean6 alony tho horizontal path to generate an attractive maqnetic field through which the fir6t belt means moves. The magnetic field generating means includes first and second magnstic field generating portions, the 6econd field generating portion being spaced horizontally a . ... . . , .. . ... . , _ _ _, . _ . , , _3_ ~Z~8~3~
predetermined distance from ~he first field generating portion in the direction o~ movement of the first belt means along the horizontal path. This provides a gap in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating means 80 that magnetic articles attracted to the first belt means in the area of the firEt field geDerating portion are released in the gap and fall away from the first belt means. In the preferred embodiment. ths magnetic field generating portons are conventional electromagnets.
The magnetic separator further comprises second belt means and mean6 supporting the second belt means for mo~ement along a horizontal path and with a portion of the second belt means facing generally upwardly. The ~econd belt means is positioned generally between the first~magnetic field generating portion and the second magnetic field generating portion 80 that articles released in the gap and falling away from the first belt means fall onto the second belt means.
The magnetic separator further comprises means for moving the second belt means along the horizontal path and into the attractivs magnetic field generated 'oy the second magnetic field generating portion so that magnetic articles that have fallen onto the second belt means from the first belt means at the gap are conveyed by the second belt means along the hori~ontal path to the magnetic field of the second magnetic field generating portion. At this point, the magnetic articles are again attracted to the first belt means, this time in the area of the second magnetic field generating portion, while nonmagnetic article6 carried with the magnetic articles remain on the second belt means and are thu5 separated from the magnetic articlec.
In the preferred embodiment, the fiecond belt mean6 is also a conveyor belt moving around a cloged path, with a portion of the closed path being horizontal.
- A principal advantage of the invention is that it provides an improved means for separating magn0tic articles from nonmagnetic articles, ~his being the pic~ing up, dropping and again picking up of the magnetic articles.
Another advintage of the invention iB
that magnetic articles need not be conveyed continuously by a single belt from the magnetic field of one magnet to the magnetic ield of another.
Other advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of the following detailed description, claims, and drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DR~WINGS
Figure 1 is a side view of a combination refuse separator and 6upply conveyor.
Figure 2 is a top view of the refuse separator of Figure 1.
Figure 3 i5 a ~chematic vie~ of an alternative embodiment of the refuse 6eparator.
DESCRIPTION OF T~E PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Illu~trated in the drawings is a magnetic refuse ~eparator 10 in combination with a supply conveyor lZ, a hopper 14, and a splitter baffle 16. The function of the hopper 14 and splitter baffle 16 i8 to physically segregate -s ~2~ 3~
6eparated magnetic and nonmagnstic material. No pa~ticular form o either is necessary.
The refuse separator 10 is intended to receive burden from the 6upply conveyor 12 and carry the magnetic portion of the burden over the splitter baffle 16 while the nonmagnetia portion ~alls. by reason of gravity, into the hopper 14. To this end, the separator 10 includes a plurality of relatively aligned magnetic fi~ld generating portions la and first conveying means Z0 supported to move serially through the magnetic field generated by the magnetic ield generating portions 18. The magnetic field generating portions 18 are spaced relative to each other in the directioD of their relative alignment a distance sufficient to produce serial gaps between the magnetic fields generated 6uch that magnetic articles attracted to the first conveying means 20 by one of the magnetic fields fall away from the firsL
conveying means 20 at ~he qaps. The separator 10 further includes second conveying means 22 below the first conveying means 20 and supported at the gaps to receive magnetic articles falling from one of the magnetic Pields and to transport the fallen magnetic articles to the next magnetic field where they are again attracted to the first conveying means ~0.
While various suitable first conveying means 20 could be employed, in the preferred embodiment, the first conveying means 20 comprises a pair of conveyor belts 30 and 32, each o which moves around a closed path, and, in the iliustrated construction, in a counter-clockwise manner. Belt 30 moves around pulleys or rollers 3q and 36 and has a generally horizontal lower extension. The drive pulley 34 is connected to a drive motor 38 .. . .. . . ... ~
~2~
through a drive belt 40 80 that belt 30 is driven by the drive pulley 34. Thu~, belt 30 travels in a continuous closed path under the influence o~ the drive pulley 3q.
!8elt 32 also moves around pulleys or rollers 35 and 37 and has a generally horizontal lower extension. The drive pulley 35 is connected to a drive motor 39 through a drive belt so that belt 3Z
is driven by the drive pulley 35.
In the preferred embodiment. the maqnetic field generating portions 18 are conventional electromagnetz 42, 44 and 46. The magnets are spaced apart a sufficient distance so that ehe magnetic flux in the gap between the magnets i8 either reduced to zero or diminished ~o a point where magnetic articles are not attracted.
It should be appreciated that the magnetic field generating portions 18 could also be permanent magnets or a combination of electromagnets and permanent magnets. Electromagnets afford a possible safety advantage when wor~ must be done in the area of the separator in that they can be turned off and cleared of all material.
While other ~uitable means could be used, in the preferred embodiment the second conveying means 22 compri6es conveyor belts 4a and 50 positloned generally between the magnets g2, 44, and 46. Each belt moves continuously around a pair of rollers 5Z, with one of the roller6 52 being driven by a drive motor (not ~hown) in a manner similar to that in which the drive motor 38 drives balt 30.
Each belt has a generally horizontal upper extension. In tha illustrated construction, belts 48 and 50 move in a clockwise manner so that the upper lZ~63~
qx~ension6 o~ belts 48 and S~ are moving in the same direction as the lower 2xtensions of belts 30 and 32.
~ elts 48 and S0 are positioned generally between magnets 42, 44, and 46 such that articles released in one of the gaps and falling away from one o belts 30 and 32 fall onto one of belts 48 and 50 and are conveyed by the belt to the magnetic field of the n~xt magnet. At this point, the magnetic articles are again attracted to belt 30 or 32 adjacent the next magnet, whereby nonmagnetic articles carried with the magnetic articles are separated therefrom.
The belts and magnets may be supported by an suitable frame structure, and a portion of a frame structure 60 i8 illustrated in Fig. l. A
complete showing of the strucural framework of the separator lO is not necessary to an understanding of tbis invention, and a g~neral description of the support structure is believed to bq adequate. Also, the upper belts 30 and 32 should be adjustable vertically with reEpect to the supply conveyor 12 and the lower belts 48 and 50, or vice veLsa, and the lower belts 48 and S0 should be adjustable horizontally with respect to the upper belts 30 and 32, or vice versa. The details of an adju6table mounting ~re not shown, but if details of such a mounting are desired, referenae may be had to the aforementioned U.S. ~3arrett Patent 3,809,239.
In operation, as shown in Fig. 1, the conveyor 12 carrie8 burden into the magnetic field of magnet 42 and the magnetic material contained in the burden is attracted to belt 30 by magnet 42. The nonmagnetic material such as paper will fall by gravity into the hopper 14, and the magnetic material travels with belt 30. However, paper and like nonmagneeic material, being relatiYely light, is prone to being tangled with the magnetic material and carried along with it into engagem*nt with bslt 30 such that it cannot fall into the hopper 14. To provide improved means for d~slodging this entrapped nonmagnetic material, thi~ in~ention provides for dropping and picking up of the burdan carried by belt 30.
More specifically, a magnetic article i8 initially attracted to belt 30 by magnet 42. ~he magnetic arlicle is then conveyed through the magnetic field of magnet 42 (to the right in Fig. l) until it reaches the gap between magnets 42 and 44.
Since there is no attractive force in the gap holding the magnetic article on belt 30, the magnetic article will fall, due to gravity, onto belt 4~. During the course of tumbling through the air and landing on belt 48, any nonmagne~ic articles that were entangled with the magnetic article should become separated therefrom.
~ elt 48 then conveys the magnetic article and any nonmagnetic articles that have fallen thereon into the magnetic field of magnet 44. Here the magnetic article i5 again attracted to belt 30, while any nonmagnetic articles that were carried to belt 4a with the magnetic article will remain on belt 48 until they fall from the end of the upper extension of belt 48 into the hopper 14.
After being again attracted to belt 30, the magnetic article is conveyed by belt 30 through the magnetic field of magnet 44. Upon reaching the gap between magnets 44 and 4~, the magnetic article again falls away from belt 30, this time onto belt 8~0 50, and the proce6s of separating nonmagnetic articles from the magnetic article i~ repeated. Any nonmagnetic articles that were carried by the magnetic article to belt 50 are deposited into the hoppar 14 at the end of the upper extension of belt 50, while the magnetic article is attracted to belt 32 in the magnetic field of magnet 46. .8elt 3Z
conveys the magnetic article through the magnetic field of magnet 46 and OVeL the splitter baffle 16, where the magne~ic article is then dropped from the separator 10 into an area separated from the hopper 14.
An additional advantage of this invention, along with improved separation of magnetic and nonmagnetic articles, i8 that magnetlc articles need not be conveyed coDtinuously by a single belt from the magnetic field of one magnet to the mangetic field of another. This is sometimes a problem in that heavy magnetic object~ tend to fall off as they are transferred from one magnet to another. This invention does not attempt to do this, a~ each magnet picks up and drops the magnetic articles.
Illustrated in Figure 3 i~ an alternative embodiment of the invention. The magnetic field generating portions are magnets 60, 62, and 64. The first conveying means 20 comprises th~ee separate belts 66, 68, and 70, with belt 66 moving along a continuous path around magnet 60, belt 68 moving along a continuous path around magnet 62, and belt 70 moving along a continuous path around magnet 64. The second conveying means Z2 comprises a single belt 72 extending from beneath magnet 60 to baneath magnet 64, and moving along a continous path having a generally horizontal upper extension.
-10 ~L86~
In the construction illustrated in Fig.
3, belt~ 66, 68, and 70 move counter-clockwi6e, and belt 72 moves clockwise.
In operation, the conveyor 12 carries burden into the magnetic field of magnet 60 and the magnetic material contained in the burden is thereby attracted to belt 66. The magnetic material is then carried by belt 66 to the gap between magnets 60 and 62, where i~ is dropped onto belt 72, whereby it is carried into the magnetic field o~ magnet 62, whe~e it i6 attracted to belt 68. The magnetic material i6 next carried by belt 68 to the gap between magnets 62 and 64, where it is dropped again onto belt 72, whereby it is carried into the magnetic field of magnet 64, where it is attracted to belt 70. The magnetic material is finally carried by belt 70 over the 6plitter baffle 16, where it is dropped in an area separated from nonmagnetic mateIial. Meanwhile, nonmagnetic material carried with the magnetic material to bels 72 is deposited from the end of belt 72 on the 6ide of the splittar baffle 16 opposite the side on which magnetic material i8 deposited.
~ t should be appreciated that many other combinations of magnet6 and cohveying means are within the scope of the invention, and that the conveying means need not be conveyor belts. ~ny means conveying the magnetic material through the magnetic fields will do. Purthermore, the invention does not require more than two magnatic field generating portion6, or, alternatively stated, more than one gap. Depending on the nature of the refuse to be separated, one gap may be sufficient.
Additional gaps, or additional dropping and picking up of magnetic material, simply increase the 36;~1 likelihood of complete 6~paration of magnetic and nonmagnetic material.
Claims (6)
1. A magnetic separator comprising first belt means, means supporting said first belt means for movement along a horizontal path and with a portion of said first belt means facing downwardly, means for moving said first belt means along said horizontal path, magnetic field generating means supported adjacent said first belt means along said horizontal path to generate an attractive magnetic field through which said first belt means moves, said magnetic field generating means including a first magnetic field generating portion and a second magnetic field generating portion. said second field generating portion being spaced horizontally a predetermined distance from said first field generating portion in the direction of movement of said first belt means along said horizontal path to provide a gap in the magnetic field generated by said magnetic field generating means so that magnetic articles attracted to said first belt means in the area of said first field generating portion are released in said gap and fall away from said first belt means, second belt means.
means supporting said second belt means for movement along a horizontal path and with a portion of said second belt means facing generally upwardly and being positioned generally between said first magnetic field generating portion and said second magnetic field generating portion so that (Claim 1 con't.) articles released in said gap and falling away from said first belt means fall onto said second belt means, and means for moving said second belt means along said horizontal path and into the attractive magnetic field generated by said second magnetic field generating portion so that magnetic articles falling from said first belt means at said gap are conveyed by said second belt means along said horizontal path to the magnetic field of said second magnetic field generating portion and are again attracted to said first belt means in the area of said second field generating portion, whereby nonmagnetic articles carried with said magnetic articles are separated therefrom.
means supporting said second belt means for movement along a horizontal path and with a portion of said second belt means facing generally upwardly and being positioned generally between said first magnetic field generating portion and said second magnetic field generating portion so that (Claim 1 con't.) articles released in said gap and falling away from said first belt means fall onto said second belt means, and means for moving said second belt means along said horizontal path and into the attractive magnetic field generated by said second magnetic field generating portion so that magnetic articles falling from said first belt means at said gap are conveyed by said second belt means along said horizontal path to the magnetic field of said second magnetic field generating portion and are again attracted to said first belt means in the area of said second field generating portion, whereby nonmagnetic articles carried with said magnetic articles are separated therefrom.
2. The magnetic separator of Claim 1 wherein said magnetic assembly further includes a third magnetic field generating portion spaced horizontally a predetermined distance from said second field generating portion in the direction of movement of said first belt means along said horizontal path to provide a second gap in the magnetic field generated by said magnetic assembly so that magnetic articles attracted to said first belt means in the area of said second field generating portion are released in said second gap and fall away from said first belt means, third belt means, means supporting said third belt means for movement along a horizontal path and with a portion of said third belt means facing generally upwardly and being positioned generally between said second magnetic field generating portion and said third magnetic field generating portion so that magnetic articles released in said second gap and falling away from said first belt means fall onto said third belt means, and means for moving said third belt means along said horizontal path and into the attractive magnetic field generated by said third magnetic field generating portion so that magnetic articles falling from said first belt means at said second gap are conveyed by said third belt means along said horizontal path to the magnetic field of said third magnetic field generating portion and are again attracted to said first belt means in the area of said third field generating portion. whereby nonmagnetic articles carried with said magnetic articles are separated therefrom.
3. A magnetic separator comprising a plurality of relatively aligned magnetic field generating means, belt means associated with said magnetic field generating means and supported to move serially through the magnetic fields generated by said magnetic field generating means, said magnetic field generating means being spaced relative to each other in the direction of their relative alignment a distance sufficient to produce serial gaps between the magnetic fields generated such that magnetic articles attracted to said belt means by one of the magnetic fields fall away from said belt means at said gaps, and conveying means below said belt means and supported at said gaps to receive magnetic articles falling from one of the magnetic fields and to transport said fallen magnetic articles to the next magnetic field where said magnetic articles are again attracted to said belt means.
4. A magnetic separator comprising first conveying means moving along a generally horizontal path for conveying articles along said generally horizontal path, magnetic field generating means supported adjacent said first conveying means along said generally horizontal path to generate an attractive magnetic field through which said first conveying means moves, said magnetic field generating means including a first magnetic field generating portion and a second magnetic field generating portion, said second field generating portion being spaced horizontally a predetermined distance from said first field generating portion in the direction of movement of said first conveying means along said horizontal path to provide a gap in the magnetic field generated by said magnetic field generating means so that magnetic articles attracted to said first conveying means in the area of said first field generating portion are released in said gap and fall away from said first conveying means, second conveying means moving along a second generally horizontal path for conveying articles along said second generally horizontal path and being positioned generally between said first magnetic field generating portion and said second magnetic field generating portion so that articles released in said gap and falling away from said first conveying means fall onto said second conveying means and move along said second generally horizontal path and into the attractive magnetic field generated by said second magnetic field generating portion so that magnetic articles falling from said first conveying means at said gap are conveyed by said second (Claim 4 con't.) conveying means along said horizontal path to the magnetic field of said second magnetic field generating portion and are again attracted to said first conveying means in the area of said second field generating portion, whereby nonmagnetic articles carried with said magnetic articles are separated therefrom.
5. The magnetic separator of Claim 4 wherein said magnetic assembly further includes a third magnetic field generating portion spaced horizontally a predetermined distance from said second field generating portion in the direction of movement of said first conveying means along said horizontal path to provide a second gap in the magnetic field generated by said magnetic assembly so that magnetic articles attracted to said first conveying means in the area of said second field generating portion are released in said second gap and fall away from said first conveying means, third conveying means moving along a horizontal path for conveying articles along said horizontal path and being positioned generally between said second magnetic field generating portion and said third magnetic field generating portion so that magnetic articles released in said second gap and falling away from said first conveying means fall onto said third conveying means, said third conveying means moving along said horizontal path and into the attractive magnetic field generated by said third magnetic field generating portion so that magnetic articles falling from said first conveying means at said second gap are conveyed by said third conveying means along said horizontal path to the magnetic field of said third magnetic field generating portion and are again attracted to said first conveying means in the area of said third field generating portion, whereby nonmagnetic articles carried with said magnetic articles are separated therefrom.
6. A magnetic separator comprising a plurality of relatively aligned magnetic field generating means, first conveying means associated with said magnetic field generating means and supported to move serially through the magnetic fields generated by said magnetic field generating means, said magnetic field generating means being spaced relative to each other in the direction of their relative alignment a distance sufficient to produce serial gaps between the magnetic fields generated such that magnetic articles attracted to said first conveying means by one of the magnetic fields fall away from said first conveying means at said gaps, and second conveying means below said first conveying means and supported at said gaps to receive magnetic articles falling from one of the magnetic fields and to transport said fallen magnetic articles to the next magnetic field where said magnetic articles are again attracted to said belt means.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US58231984A | 1984-02-22 | 1984-02-22 | |
| US582,319 | 1984-02-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1218630A true CA1218630A (en) | 1987-03-03 |
Family
ID=24328680
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000455549A Expired CA1218630A (en) | 1984-02-22 | 1984-05-31 | Magnetic refuse separator |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60175560A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU560774B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1218630A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2559683A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2154474B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1180727B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA844036B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1998019955A1 (en) * | 1996-11-06 | 1998-05-14 | Reom Industries (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. | Portable lifting device and multifunctional tool |
| US6899230B2 (en) | 2000-11-20 | 2005-05-31 | Magnetic Torque International, Ltd. | Apparatus and method for isolating materials |
| CN104525368B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-08-11 | 宁夏共享机床辅机有限公司 | A kind of combined type blanking sorting equipment |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1429671A (en) * | 1965-03-31 | 1966-02-25 | Schwermaschb E Thalmann Veb | Magnetic tape separator |
| US3935947A (en) * | 1974-02-20 | 1976-02-03 | Wehr Corporation | Magnetic refuse separator |
| GB1459125A (en) * | 1974-10-07 | 1976-12-22 | Rank Xerox Ltd | Conditioning electrostatographic carriers |
| NL180484C (en) * | 1976-06-09 | 1987-03-02 | Esmil Bv | METHOD FOR SEPARATING FERROMAGNETIC MATERIAL FROM URBAN DIRT OR SIMILAR MATERIAL |
-
1984
- 1984-05-17 AU AU28335/84A patent/AU560774B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1984-05-28 ZA ZA844036A patent/ZA844036B/en unknown
- 1984-05-31 CA CA000455549A patent/CA1218630A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-06-20 FR FR8409656A patent/FR2559683A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1984-07-11 JP JP59144107A patent/JPS60175560A/en active Pending
- 1984-09-20 GB GB08423835A patent/GB2154474B/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-02-20 IT IT47705/85A patent/IT1180727B/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2833584A (en) | 1985-08-29 |
| GB2154474B (en) | 1987-05-07 |
| IT8547705A0 (en) | 1985-02-20 |
| ZA844036B (en) | 1984-12-24 |
| IT1180727B (en) | 1987-09-23 |
| GB2154474A (en) | 1985-09-11 |
| FR2559683A1 (en) | 1985-08-23 |
| GB8423835D0 (en) | 1984-10-24 |
| AU560774B2 (en) | 1987-04-16 |
| IT8547705A1 (en) | 1986-08-20 |
| JPS60175560A (en) | 1985-09-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |