CA1208597A - Conveyor belt device - Google Patents
Conveyor belt deviceInfo
- Publication number
- CA1208597A CA1208597A CA000438285A CA438285A CA1208597A CA 1208597 A CA1208597 A CA 1208597A CA 000438285 A CA000438285 A CA 000438285A CA 438285 A CA438285 A CA 438285A CA 1208597 A CA1208597 A CA 1208597A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- rubber
- conveyor belt
- dyne
- surface tension
- head
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G15/00—Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration
- B65G15/30—Belts or like endless load-carriers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
- B65G2201/04—Bulk
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Belt Conveyors (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A conveyor device for conveying a material having a critical surface tension of A dyne/cm comprises a con-veyor belt having a cover layer the critical surface tension (.gamma.c) of which is (A - 15) dyne/cm at the most, and a head snub pulley having a surface with a critical surface tension (.gamma.c) of (A ? 10) dyne/cm.
A conveyor device for conveying a material having a critical surface tension of A dyne/cm comprises a con-veyor belt having a cover layer the critical surface tension (.gamma.c) of which is (A - 15) dyne/cm at the most, and a head snub pulley having a surface with a critical surface tension (.gamma.c) of (A ? 10) dyne/cm.
Description
This invention relal:es to conveyor belt devices for conveying so-called viscous materials such as oil sand, slurry, and sludge containing water or oil or mixtures of them by 5~ wt and over.
Fig. 1 is a schemat:ic representation of a belt conveyor to which the present invention is applicable, and Fig. 2 shows data plotted, with critical surface tension as abscissa and asphalt separating force as ordinate.
Fig. 1 shows an example of a conveyor belt device for conveying the above-mentioned materials, represented schematically, and comprising a conveyor belt 1 wrapped around a drive pulley 2 and a tail pulley 3 and travelling in the direction of arrow A. A head snub pulley 4 is pro-vided to secure a larger cont(~ct angle for the drive pulley
Fig. 1 is a schemat:ic representation of a belt conveyor to which the present invention is applicable, and Fig. 2 shows data plotted, with critical surface tension as abscissa and asphalt separating force as ordinate.
Fig. 1 shows an example of a conveyor belt device for conveying the above-mentioned materials, represented schematically, and comprising a conveyor belt 1 wrapped around a drive pulley 2 and a tail pulley 3 and travelling in the direction of arrow A. A head snub pulley 4 is pro-vided to secure a larger cont(~ct angle for the drive pulley
2, and return rollers 5 are pcovided consecutively on thereturn run to support the bel~. The object indicated at 6 is a cleaner.
In conventional con-veyor belt devices for such application, as the conveyor belt used for conveying viscous materials including slurry and sludge has a cover layer which does not possess a non-adhesive property, viscous materials such as slurry or sludge will stick to the con-veyor belt 1 as well as to the outer circumferences of the head snub pulley 4 and of the return rollers 5, and will be comp_essed and grow in size irregularly, causing problems including belt meandering and spillage of the material being conveyed. Such sticking mate:rial is scraped off by scrapers, cleaners, etc. provided at appropriate places along the path of the belt, but their eEfectiveness is rather limited.
Heretofore, conveyo:c belts for such application have been required to possess sufficient strength and flexi-bility to perform a long distance conveyance of a viscous material from a .ocation at which oil sand is drilled, to a bitumen separation trcatment plant under annually varying climatic conditions, and from this point of view, conveyor belts using general purpose rubbers, which bond well to core cords and duck, have been used. However, as the general purpose rubber surface of such belts does not possess a non-adhesive property, oil sand will stick to the conveyor belt 1 as well as to outer circumferences of the head snub pulley 4 and of the return rollers 5, as mentioned above.
Heretofore, the adhesion of oil sand to oil sand conveyor belts has been counteracted by sprinkling kerosene, gas oil, etc. over the belt surface. However, for reasons of fire protection and safety, sprinkling of oil has to be terminated, and now this measure is prohibited.
The present invention was accordingly contemplated to provide a solution to the problem of prolonged adhesion of viscous materials, e.g. slurry, sludge, and oil sand, to conveyor belt devices.
According to the present invention there is pro-vided a conveyor device for conveying a material having a critical surface tension (yc) of A dyne/cm, said conveyordevice comprising a conveyor belt having a cover layer the critical surface tension lyc) of which is (A - 15) dyne/cm at-the most, and a head snub pulley having a surface with a critical surface tension (yc) of (A + 10) dyne/cm.
The present invention further provides a conveyor belt device comprising a conveyor belt having a cover layer the critical surface tension (~c) of which is 15 dyne/cm at the most, and a head snub pulley having a surface the critical surface tension (yc) of which is 20 to 40 dyne/cm.
Preferably, in order to remove at least a portion of any of the material sticking to the head snub pulley, the snub pulley is provided with a cleaner.
The cover layer may comprise at least 30% rubber.
Preferably, the surface of the head snub pulley is coated with a rubber preparation selected from the group consisting of butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber (CR), natural rubber INR), polystyrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), polybutadiene rubber lBR), acrylic elastomer and a blend thereof, the preparation comprising at least 80% polymer and at least 30~ rubber.
For the measuring method of critical surface ten-sion ~c~, c31ycerine, formamic.e, thiodiglycol, ethylene glycol, and polyethylene glycc,l (mean molecular weight:200) were employed as liquids of known surface tension values.
The angle of contact (~) of each of these liquids was measured on a sample for meas~rement at 25C, and yc was obtained by extrapolatlng cos Q to 1.
In Fig. 2, critical surface tension lyc) is plot-ted as abscissa (unit: dyne/cm), and asphalt separating force as ordinate (unit: gms/cm wide); (a) is silicone rubber, lb) is polytetrafluoroethylene, lc) is fluororubber, (d) is natural rubber, le) is polystyrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), (f) is polyethy:ene, and (g) is polyacrylo-nitrole-butadiene copolymer rubber (NBR). yC~ is the critical surface tension of bitumen, which is the main cause of the adhesive property of oil sand..
From these data, it is understood that in order to keep the critical surface tension of the cover layer surface of the conveyor belt at 15 dyne/cm and under, it is sufficient to form an integrated conveyor belt by bonding silicone rubber, by some means" to the rubber for bonding core cords or duck. It has aLso been found that it is suf-ficient to set the rubber con1ent of silicone rubber at 30% and over, and preferably at 40% and over. Furthermore, that in order to maintain the critical surface tension (yc) of the surface of the head snub pulley 4 within a range of from 20 to 40 dyne/cm, and preferably within a range of from 25 to 35 dyne/cm, it .is sufficient to coat the outer circumference of the pulley 4 with butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber (CR), natural rubber (~R), polystyrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), acrylic elastomer, or a blend of them. As for these rubbers, it is sufficient to keep their rlbber content at 30% and over.
While the critical surface tension of bitumen, the main constituent of oil sand of Fig. 2, is 30 to 32 dyne/cm, the critical surface tension ~yc) of the surface of the cover layer of the conveyor belt 1 is set at 15 dyne/cm and under to weaken the adhesion of the belt to l~U8S97 oil sand, and on the other hand, the critical surface ten-sion (yc) of the sur~ace of th.e head snub pulley 4, which encounters the belt portion having just completed chuting, is set at 20 to 40 dyne~cm and. preferably at 25 to 35 dyne/cm to approximate it to that of oil sand., and in turn, to maxi-mize said pulley's adhering property to oil sand. As a result, oil sand which is not removed at the time of chuting and which remains stuck to the belt will be transferred to the head snub pulley by the difference between two cri-tical surace tensions. In this way, since the quantityof oil sand sticking to the surface of the conveyor belt 1 is reduced every turn of the belt, this quantity will not grow beyond a certain limi.t. On the other hand-, the oil sand transferred onto the head snub pulley 4 can be continuously removed by the cleaner 6 provided for the snub pulley.
Experimental condit:ions which led to the present invention were as follows:
(I) Materials tested.
Conveyor belts 1 350 mm wide duck core conveyor belts 1 were pre-pared by using two plies of duck of 150 kg/cm2 strong nylon warp and weft as a core in rubber, and vulcanizing to bond the duck rubber plies, 4 mm thick on the front side and 2 mm thick on the rear side, to the following surface cover rubbers:
yc (unit: dyne/cm) (X) Silicone rubber 5 (Y) Polyacrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) 36 (Z) Natural rubber (NR) 32 Head snub pulleys 4 Pulleys with follow:ng surface coatings were prepared yc (dyneJcm) (A) Silicone rubber 5 (B) Butyl rubb~r 28 12()8597 ~C) Chloroprene rubber 33 [D) Steel strip ~SS41) 45 ~II) Dimensions of tested conveyor belts and test conditions.
Center-to-center distance between pulleys 2 and 3 4000 mm Center-to-center distance between pulleys 2 and 4 200 mm Diameter of drive pulley 2 200 mm Diameter of head snub pulley 4 100 mm 0 A total amount of 180 gms of oil sand, consisting of 10% bitumen, 0.5~ water and 89.5~ oil sand, W8S loaded over an area of 300 mm wide by 300 mm long at the poin1: B of Fig. 1, and compressed with a pressure of 0.2 kg/cm2 for 1 minute to stick to the belt surface. Then the belt was operated at a belt velocity of 45 m/min for five cycles. After thatr theamounts of oil sand re-maining on the surface of the belt 1 and on the surface of the head snub pulley 4 were measured.
The pressure of the head snub pulley 4 on the belt 1 was adjusted at 1 kg/cm2.
(III) Test Results The test results were as shown in the following table.
Classi Kind of Rind of Amount AmDunt Amount Differ-fication conveyor head snub remain- remain- of ence belt 1 pulley 4 ing on ing on chute (gms) the the head (gms) belt 1 snub (gms) pulley 4 (gms) Present X B 8 123 24 25 invention Present X C 13 122 22 23 invention 8S~3~
ri~e ~ f~renc-e of ~he 7th column of the taL):Ie i~ the d fference betweell the -total amount 180 gms and the s~ of the adhering amounts, or the amount of oil sand dropped off the belt due to vibration cluring travelling. In the cases of the embocliments of the present invention, it is natural that: the amount of dropped ore is small since the surface of the conveyor belt is non-adhesive. When this point is taken into consideration, it can be seen that 90% and over of the oil sand was removed from the conveyor belt 1. It can a so be seen that when the critical surface t:ension (yc) of the surface of the conveyor belt was large, almost no oil sand was chuted, and that when the critical surface tension (~c) of the head snub pulley ~ was excessive, 1:he efficiency of the removal dropped.
As set forth hereinabove, the present invention provides a conveyor belt device which counteracts adhesion of adhesive materials in viscous materials including slurry, sludge and oil sand, which does not require sprinkling of oil and the like to maintain non-tackiness of the belt to oil sand, which can be operated safely without any trouble for a long period of time, and which can be manufactured at a relatively low cost.
In conventional con-veyor belt devices for such application, as the conveyor belt used for conveying viscous materials including slurry and sludge has a cover layer which does not possess a non-adhesive property, viscous materials such as slurry or sludge will stick to the con-veyor belt 1 as well as to the outer circumferences of the head snub pulley 4 and of the return rollers 5, and will be comp_essed and grow in size irregularly, causing problems including belt meandering and spillage of the material being conveyed. Such sticking mate:rial is scraped off by scrapers, cleaners, etc. provided at appropriate places along the path of the belt, but their eEfectiveness is rather limited.
Heretofore, conveyo:c belts for such application have been required to possess sufficient strength and flexi-bility to perform a long distance conveyance of a viscous material from a .ocation at which oil sand is drilled, to a bitumen separation trcatment plant under annually varying climatic conditions, and from this point of view, conveyor belts using general purpose rubbers, which bond well to core cords and duck, have been used. However, as the general purpose rubber surface of such belts does not possess a non-adhesive property, oil sand will stick to the conveyor belt 1 as well as to outer circumferences of the head snub pulley 4 and of the return rollers 5, as mentioned above.
Heretofore, the adhesion of oil sand to oil sand conveyor belts has been counteracted by sprinkling kerosene, gas oil, etc. over the belt surface. However, for reasons of fire protection and safety, sprinkling of oil has to be terminated, and now this measure is prohibited.
The present invention was accordingly contemplated to provide a solution to the problem of prolonged adhesion of viscous materials, e.g. slurry, sludge, and oil sand, to conveyor belt devices.
According to the present invention there is pro-vided a conveyor device for conveying a material having a critical surface tension (yc) of A dyne/cm, said conveyordevice comprising a conveyor belt having a cover layer the critical surface tension lyc) of which is (A - 15) dyne/cm at-the most, and a head snub pulley having a surface with a critical surface tension (yc) of (A + 10) dyne/cm.
The present invention further provides a conveyor belt device comprising a conveyor belt having a cover layer the critical surface tension (~c) of which is 15 dyne/cm at the most, and a head snub pulley having a surface the critical surface tension (yc) of which is 20 to 40 dyne/cm.
Preferably, in order to remove at least a portion of any of the material sticking to the head snub pulley, the snub pulley is provided with a cleaner.
The cover layer may comprise at least 30% rubber.
Preferably, the surface of the head snub pulley is coated with a rubber preparation selected from the group consisting of butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber (CR), natural rubber INR), polystyrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), polybutadiene rubber lBR), acrylic elastomer and a blend thereof, the preparation comprising at least 80% polymer and at least 30~ rubber.
For the measuring method of critical surface ten-sion ~c~, c31ycerine, formamic.e, thiodiglycol, ethylene glycol, and polyethylene glycc,l (mean molecular weight:200) were employed as liquids of known surface tension values.
The angle of contact (~) of each of these liquids was measured on a sample for meas~rement at 25C, and yc was obtained by extrapolatlng cos Q to 1.
In Fig. 2, critical surface tension lyc) is plot-ted as abscissa (unit: dyne/cm), and asphalt separating force as ordinate (unit: gms/cm wide); (a) is silicone rubber, lb) is polytetrafluoroethylene, lc) is fluororubber, (d) is natural rubber, le) is polystyrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), (f) is polyethy:ene, and (g) is polyacrylo-nitrole-butadiene copolymer rubber (NBR). yC~ is the critical surface tension of bitumen, which is the main cause of the adhesive property of oil sand..
From these data, it is understood that in order to keep the critical surface tension of the cover layer surface of the conveyor belt at 15 dyne/cm and under, it is sufficient to form an integrated conveyor belt by bonding silicone rubber, by some means" to the rubber for bonding core cords or duck. It has aLso been found that it is suf-ficient to set the rubber con1ent of silicone rubber at 30% and over, and preferably at 40% and over. Furthermore, that in order to maintain the critical surface tension (yc) of the surface of the head snub pulley 4 within a range of from 20 to 40 dyne/cm, and preferably within a range of from 25 to 35 dyne/cm, it .is sufficient to coat the outer circumference of the pulley 4 with butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber (CR), natural rubber (~R), polystyrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), acrylic elastomer, or a blend of them. As for these rubbers, it is sufficient to keep their rlbber content at 30% and over.
While the critical surface tension of bitumen, the main constituent of oil sand of Fig. 2, is 30 to 32 dyne/cm, the critical surface tension ~yc) of the surface of the cover layer of the conveyor belt 1 is set at 15 dyne/cm and under to weaken the adhesion of the belt to l~U8S97 oil sand, and on the other hand, the critical surface ten-sion (yc) of the sur~ace of th.e head snub pulley 4, which encounters the belt portion having just completed chuting, is set at 20 to 40 dyne~cm and. preferably at 25 to 35 dyne/cm to approximate it to that of oil sand., and in turn, to maxi-mize said pulley's adhering property to oil sand. As a result, oil sand which is not removed at the time of chuting and which remains stuck to the belt will be transferred to the head snub pulley by the difference between two cri-tical surace tensions. In this way, since the quantityof oil sand sticking to the surface of the conveyor belt 1 is reduced every turn of the belt, this quantity will not grow beyond a certain limi.t. On the other hand-, the oil sand transferred onto the head snub pulley 4 can be continuously removed by the cleaner 6 provided for the snub pulley.
Experimental condit:ions which led to the present invention were as follows:
(I) Materials tested.
Conveyor belts 1 350 mm wide duck core conveyor belts 1 were pre-pared by using two plies of duck of 150 kg/cm2 strong nylon warp and weft as a core in rubber, and vulcanizing to bond the duck rubber plies, 4 mm thick on the front side and 2 mm thick on the rear side, to the following surface cover rubbers:
yc (unit: dyne/cm) (X) Silicone rubber 5 (Y) Polyacrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) 36 (Z) Natural rubber (NR) 32 Head snub pulleys 4 Pulleys with follow:ng surface coatings were prepared yc (dyneJcm) (A) Silicone rubber 5 (B) Butyl rubb~r 28 12()8597 ~C) Chloroprene rubber 33 [D) Steel strip ~SS41) 45 ~II) Dimensions of tested conveyor belts and test conditions.
Center-to-center distance between pulleys 2 and 3 4000 mm Center-to-center distance between pulleys 2 and 4 200 mm Diameter of drive pulley 2 200 mm Diameter of head snub pulley 4 100 mm 0 A total amount of 180 gms of oil sand, consisting of 10% bitumen, 0.5~ water and 89.5~ oil sand, W8S loaded over an area of 300 mm wide by 300 mm long at the poin1: B of Fig. 1, and compressed with a pressure of 0.2 kg/cm2 for 1 minute to stick to the belt surface. Then the belt was operated at a belt velocity of 45 m/min for five cycles. After thatr theamounts of oil sand re-maining on the surface of the belt 1 and on the surface of the head snub pulley 4 were measured.
The pressure of the head snub pulley 4 on the belt 1 was adjusted at 1 kg/cm2.
(III) Test Results The test results were as shown in the following table.
Classi Kind of Rind of Amount AmDunt Amount Differ-fication conveyor head snub remain- remain- of ence belt 1 pulley 4 ing on ing on chute (gms) the the head (gms) belt 1 snub (gms) pulley 4 (gms) Present X B 8 123 24 25 invention Present X C 13 122 22 23 invention 8S~3~
ri~e ~ f~renc-e of ~he 7th column of the taL):Ie i~ the d fference betweell the -total amount 180 gms and the s~ of the adhering amounts, or the amount of oil sand dropped off the belt due to vibration cluring travelling. In the cases of the embocliments of the present invention, it is natural that: the amount of dropped ore is small since the surface of the conveyor belt is non-adhesive. When this point is taken into consideration, it can be seen that 90% and over of the oil sand was removed from the conveyor belt 1. It can a so be seen that when the critical surface t:ension (yc) of the surface of the conveyor belt was large, almost no oil sand was chuted, and that when the critical surface tension (~c) of the head snub pulley ~ was excessive, 1:he efficiency of the removal dropped.
As set forth hereinabove, the present invention provides a conveyor belt device which counteracts adhesion of adhesive materials in viscous materials including slurry, sludge and oil sand, which does not require sprinkling of oil and the like to maintain non-tackiness of the belt to oil sand, which can be operated safely without any trouble for a long period of time, and which can be manufactured at a relatively low cost.
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A conveyor device for conveying a material having a critical surface tension (.gamma.c) of A dyne/cm, said conveyor device comprising a conveyor belt having a cover layer the critical surface tension (.gamma.c) of which is (A - 15) dyne/cm at the most, and a head snub pulley having a surface with a critical surface tension (.gamma.c) of (A ? 10) dyne/cm.
2. A conveyor belt as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said critical surface tension (.gamma.c) of said head snub pulley sur-face is (A ? 5) dyne/cm.
3. A conveyor belt device as claimed in Claim 1 wherein in order to remove at least a portion of any of the material sticking to said head snub pulley, said snub pulley is pro-vided with a cleaner.
4. A conveyor belt device comprising a conveyor belt having cover layer the critical surface tension (.gamma.c) of which is 15 dyne/cm at the most, and a head snub pulley having a surface the critical surface tension (.gamma.c) of which is 20 to 40 dyne/
cm.
cm.
5. A conveyor belt device as claimed in Claim 4 wherein said cover layer comprises silicone rubber having a rubber content of at least 30%.
6. A conveyor belt device as claimed in Claim 4, wherein said surface of said head snub pulley is coated with a rubber preparation selected from the group consisting of butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber (CR), natural rubber (NR), polystyrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), acrylic elastomer and a blend thereof, said preparation comprising at least 80% polymer and at least 30% rubber.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18799182A JPS5978003A (en) | 1982-10-25 | 1982-10-25 | Conveyor belt device |
| JP57-187991 | 1982-10-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1208597A true CA1208597A (en) | 1986-07-29 |
Family
ID=16215707
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000438285A Expired CA1208597A (en) | 1982-10-25 | 1983-10-04 | Conveyor belt device |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5978003A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1208597A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6834272B2 (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2021-02-24 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Belt conveyor test equipment and belt conveyor test method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5160088U (en) * | 1974-11-05 | 1976-05-12 |
-
1982
- 1982-10-25 JP JP18799182A patent/JPS5978003A/en active Granted
-
1983
- 1983-10-04 CA CA000438285A patent/CA1208597A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0357002B2 (en) | 1991-08-29 |
| JPS5978003A (en) | 1984-05-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |