CA1208041A - Method for balancing mechanical components - Google Patents
Method for balancing mechanical componentsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1208041A CA1208041A CA000425300A CA425300A CA1208041A CA 1208041 A CA1208041 A CA 1208041A CA 000425300 A CA000425300 A CA 000425300A CA 425300 A CA425300 A CA 425300A CA 1208041 A CA1208041 A CA 1208041A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- balancing
- adhesive composition
- metal particles
- mechanical component
- particulate material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/32—Correcting- or balancing-weights or equivalent means for balancing rotating bodies, e.g. vehicle wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C19/00—Tyre parts or constructions not otherwise provided for
- B60C19/003—Balancing means attached to the tyre
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/32—Correcting- or balancing-weights or equivalent means for balancing rotating bodies, e.g. vehicle wheels
- F16F15/322—Correcting- or balancing-weights or equivalent means for balancing rotating bodies, e.g. vehicle wheels the rotating body being a shaft
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
- F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
- F16C2326/06—Drive shafts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2226/00—Manufacturing; Treatments
- F16F2226/04—Assembly or fixing methods; methods to form or fashion parts
- F16F2226/042—Gluing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Testing Of Balance (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present invention relates to a method for balancing mechanical components such as, for example, vehicular drive train components. The method utilizes a balancing material comprising an adhesive composition and a particulate material having a density higher than the adhesive composition dispersed therein. The material which is dispersed within the adhesive composition is typically metal particles such as steel or lead shot. Preferably, an external heat or light source is used to increase the cure rate of the balancing material and, correspondingly, the rate at which the balancing material can be applied.
The present invention relates to a method for balancing mechanical components such as, for example, vehicular drive train components. The method utilizes a balancing material comprising an adhesive composition and a particulate material having a density higher than the adhesive composition dispersed therein. The material which is dispersed within the adhesive composition is typically metal particles such as steel or lead shot. Preferably, an external heat or light source is used to increase the cure rate of the balancing material and, correspondingly, the rate at which the balancing material can be applied.
Description
~2~
TITLE
METHOD FOR BALANCING MECHANICAL COMPONENTS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to a method for balancing mechanical components and more specifically to a method for balancing rotatable mechanical components such as vehicular drive train components.
Typically, it is often advantageous to balance selected components of a mechanical mechanism in order to reduce vibration of the components within the operating mechanism. This i5 especially true in the case of rotational components such as rotors or driveshafts.
A number of methods and devices have been proposed for balancing mechanical components. For example, some devices apply a quickly solidifying, liquid balancing material to a mechanical component such as a rotor. The liquid balancing material can be a molten metal, a resin, an adhesive, or a plastic material. Another balancing device utilizes either a molten or solid balancing material which is e~ected at a relatively high velocity onto a rotor. Still another balancing apparatus utilizes balancing material initially in the form of a lead or plastic xod which is subseqllently liquefied and fused onto the surface of a rotor.
One method which is often utilized in balancing vehicular drive train components consists of the welding of balancing slugs at selected locations along the driveshaft tubing. However, while such a method enables the attachment of a relatively large weight to the driveshaft, the welding operation causes microstructural changes in the metal in highly localized areas. These areas can act as stress risers and have an adverse .. .. .. ... " . ~
~' affect on the service life of the driveshaft. The microstructural changes in the metal as a result of the welding operation are especially detrimental in instances where the driveshaft is constructed of aluminum.
SU~ ~Y 0~ THE INVEN~ION
The present invention relates to a method for balancing a mechanical component such as, for example, a vehicular driveshaft. Basicallyt the balancing material used in accordance with the method of the present invention comprises a polymer carrier with a particulate material having a density higher than the polymer carrier dispersed throughout the carrier. In the preferred embodiments of the invention, the balancing material comprises metal particles such as steel or lead shot dispersed in a polymer carrier such as an adhesive composition containing thermoplastic or thermosetting resin which can be, for example, an epoxy resin, a vinyl resin, a phenol formaldehyde resin, an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer or the likeO
The balancing material, while it can be applied to a wide variety of components, is especially advantageous for balancing mechanical components constructed of aluminum, since no welding operations are required.
The method of the present invention utilizes at least three embodiments of the balancing material. In the first embodiment, the material is liquid, comprising a dispersion of metal particles in a hardenable liquid polymer carrier, e.g., an epoxy resin. In use, a predetermined amount of the liquid balancing material, after the addition of a hardener, if required, is applied to selected locations on the driveshaft and the polymer carrier is hardened. Although a liquid epoxy polymer can be cured under ambient conditions, it is desirable to use heat, for example from an ultraviolet - source or induction apparatus, to increase the cure ~LZ~
rate, and correspondingly, the rate at which the balancing material can be applied.
A second embodiment of the balancing material is a mixture of a powdered polymer carrier such as a phenol formaldehyde resin and metal particles. The mixture can be applied to a driveshaft which has been heated to a comparatively low temperature, e.g., 300~F., at which the polymer carrier cures or it can be applied to and held in contact with the driveshaft and heated, for example by an in~uction heater, to cure the mixture onto the driveshaft.
The third embodiment of the balancing material is a plurality of metal particles which are individually encapsulated within a polymer carrier. The encapsulated metal particles, when the carrier is thermosetting, can be applied to and maintained in contact with the driveshaft while heat is applied, for example from an induction heater, to cure the carrier with the particles distributed therein onto the surface of the driveshaft.
If the carrier is thermoplastic, heat can be applied to cause softening, and the carrier then allowed to cool for resolidification onto the driveshaft surface.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art from the following detailed description in combination with the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an apparatus for applying a balancing material of the present invention to a rotatable component; and Figure 2 is an enlarged sectional view through the rotatable component of Figure 1 showing the balancing material adhered to the outer surface of the component.
~Z~ J~
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFER~ED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to Figure 1, there is shown a schematic representation of an apparatus 10 for applying a balancing material 12 of the present invention to a rotatable member such as a driveshaft 14. While not shown in the drawings, the balancing apparatus 10 can include means for supporting and rotating the driveshaft 14 about its longitudinal axis. The balancing apparatus 10 also includes a material reservoir 16 ~or holding a supply of the ba~ancing material 12. The reservoir 16 has a lower outlet 1~ which supplies the balancing composition to an inner passageway 20 formed in a metering tube 22. An elongate metering rod 24 is mounted for selective axial movement within the metering passageway 20 for controlling the application of the balancing material 12 to the driveshaft 14 through an outlet 26. The end of the metering tube 22 adjacent the outlet 26 is shaped to form, with the driveshaft 14, a segmented spherical mold 28. As will be discussed, the mold 28 can be utilized for maintaining the balancing material on the outer surface of the driveshaft 14 during the curing operation.
The balancing apparatus 10 can further include a vibration detector 30 which is coupled to sense the vibration of the rotating driveshaft 14 in order to determine the selected locations for application of the balancing material l~. The coupling between the driveshaft 14 and the vibration detector 30 is represented in Figure 1 by the dashed line 32. The vibration detector 30 generates a signal representing the amount of detected vibration on a line 34 to a metering rod control 36. The meteriny rod control 36 utilizes this signal to determine the amount of balancing material 12 to be applied to the outer surface of the driveshaft 14. The metering rod control 36 is mechanically coupled to control the axial movement of Q~
the metering rod 24 within the metering tube 22. This mechanical coupling is represented in Figure 1 by a dashed line 38. When it is desired to apply a predetermined amount of the balancing material to the driveshaft, the control 36 withdraws the tip of the rod 24 past the outlet 18 to enable a selected amount of the material to flow into the passageway 20. Next, the rod 24 is advanced to force the material 12 into the mold 28 and into contact with the driveshaft 14. While not shown in the drawings, means can be provided for automatically orientating the driveshaft 14 to receive the balancing material at the selected locations.
Although the balancing material 12 according to the present invention can utilize a polymer carrier which will cure on the surface of the driveshaft 14 under am~ient conditions, it is preferable to use heat to increase the cure rate of the material. An example of one type of heat source is shawn in Figure l as a heater ring 40 which encompasses the mold 28 at the outlet of ~0 the metering tube 22 to generate heat by induction. The heater ring 40 is connected to an induction heater control 42 by a line 44. The heater control 42 can control the application of power to the ring 40 to regulate the cure rate of the material on the driveshaft 14.
Another example of an energy source which can be used is shown in Figure 1 as an ultraviolet light 46 positioned proximate the outer surface of the driveshaft 14 and connected to an ultraviolet light control 48.
~fter the balancing material has been applied to the driveshaft 14, the driveshaft can be rotated to move the material into the ultraviolet light beam whereby the material can be cured by the light.
Basically, the balancing material which is contemplated for use by the method of the present invention comprises a carrier such as an adhesive ~z~
composition and a particulate material having a density higher than the adhesive composition dispersed therein.
The adhesive composition can contain a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin which can be, for example, a epoxy resin, a vinyl resin, a phenol formaldehyde resin, are acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer or a similar type material which can function as a carrier and which will suitably adhere to the component being balanced.
As will be discussed, usually the adhesive composition is either a powder or a liquid, while typically the higher density particulate material dispersed therein comprises metal particles. As shown in the enlarged sectional view of Figure 2, the cured balancing material 12 includes a solid Gr elastomeric adhesive composition 50 having a plurality of metal particles 52 dispersed therein. The following paragraphs are a discussion and description of several examples of balancing materials which can be used in the present invention.
A balancing material useful in practicing he present invention can be a liquid adhesive composition with metal particles dispersed therein. While the liquid composition can be an adhesive composition which cures under ambient conditions, cure is preferably accelerated by heat or light from a suitable source. An ~5 example of a liquid adhesive composition which can be cured by an ultraviolet light is that manufactured by Loctite Corporation and marketed under the tradename "Speedbonder". Another example of an adhesive composition which can be cured by an ultraviolet source 3~ is marketed by 3M Corporation under the designation #3130 Adhesive.
The balancing material can also be a miY~ture of metal particles with an adhesive composition which is initially in the form of a powder. Typically, the powdered adhesive can be either a thermosetting or a thermoplastic resin which requires the use of an external heat source to cause the material to cure onto the driveshaft, if thermosetting, or to cause the material to soften onto the driveshaft, if thermoplastic. In the latter case, the heating is discontinued after the material has softened so that it ultimately cools and resolidifies on the driveshaft. An example of a suitable powdered adhesive composition is that available from Polymer Corporation under the tradename n Corvel".
10Finally, the balancing material of the present invention can be metal particles which are individually encapsulated in an adhesive composition. The encapsulated metal particles can be applied to and maintained in contact with the surface of the driveshaft 1514 by the mold 28 while the heater ring 40 is activated to cure the material onto the driveshaft if the adhesive is thermosetting or to soften the adhesive, if thermoplastic. In the latter case, heating is ultimately discontinued so that the adhesive can resolidify on the driveshaft.
Examples of balancing materials which can be used in practicing the instant invention are set forth in the following table ~Table A) solely for the purpose of illustrating and disclosing and not as limiting. These materials and their use constitute the best modes presently contemplated by the inventor, which is optimum depending upon what result is desired.
., ~z~
TA~LE A
COMPOSrTICN
~ature of alancing 5Example Material Particulate Material Adhesive No. 7 ~ No. 7 ~ Trade De-Steel Shot Lead Shot signation Amount 1 Shot in 50 g. Speed- Equal liquid bonder volume dispersion
TITLE
METHOD FOR BALANCING MECHANICAL COMPONENTS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to a method for balancing mechanical components and more specifically to a method for balancing rotatable mechanical components such as vehicular drive train components.
Typically, it is often advantageous to balance selected components of a mechanical mechanism in order to reduce vibration of the components within the operating mechanism. This i5 especially true in the case of rotational components such as rotors or driveshafts.
A number of methods and devices have been proposed for balancing mechanical components. For example, some devices apply a quickly solidifying, liquid balancing material to a mechanical component such as a rotor. The liquid balancing material can be a molten metal, a resin, an adhesive, or a plastic material. Another balancing device utilizes either a molten or solid balancing material which is e~ected at a relatively high velocity onto a rotor. Still another balancing apparatus utilizes balancing material initially in the form of a lead or plastic xod which is subseqllently liquefied and fused onto the surface of a rotor.
One method which is often utilized in balancing vehicular drive train components consists of the welding of balancing slugs at selected locations along the driveshaft tubing. However, while such a method enables the attachment of a relatively large weight to the driveshaft, the welding operation causes microstructural changes in the metal in highly localized areas. These areas can act as stress risers and have an adverse .. .. .. ... " . ~
~' affect on the service life of the driveshaft. The microstructural changes in the metal as a result of the welding operation are especially detrimental in instances where the driveshaft is constructed of aluminum.
SU~ ~Y 0~ THE INVEN~ION
The present invention relates to a method for balancing a mechanical component such as, for example, a vehicular driveshaft. Basicallyt the balancing material used in accordance with the method of the present invention comprises a polymer carrier with a particulate material having a density higher than the polymer carrier dispersed throughout the carrier. In the preferred embodiments of the invention, the balancing material comprises metal particles such as steel or lead shot dispersed in a polymer carrier such as an adhesive composition containing thermoplastic or thermosetting resin which can be, for example, an epoxy resin, a vinyl resin, a phenol formaldehyde resin, an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer or the likeO
The balancing material, while it can be applied to a wide variety of components, is especially advantageous for balancing mechanical components constructed of aluminum, since no welding operations are required.
The method of the present invention utilizes at least three embodiments of the balancing material. In the first embodiment, the material is liquid, comprising a dispersion of metal particles in a hardenable liquid polymer carrier, e.g., an epoxy resin. In use, a predetermined amount of the liquid balancing material, after the addition of a hardener, if required, is applied to selected locations on the driveshaft and the polymer carrier is hardened. Although a liquid epoxy polymer can be cured under ambient conditions, it is desirable to use heat, for example from an ultraviolet - source or induction apparatus, to increase the cure ~LZ~
rate, and correspondingly, the rate at which the balancing material can be applied.
A second embodiment of the balancing material is a mixture of a powdered polymer carrier such as a phenol formaldehyde resin and metal particles. The mixture can be applied to a driveshaft which has been heated to a comparatively low temperature, e.g., 300~F., at which the polymer carrier cures or it can be applied to and held in contact with the driveshaft and heated, for example by an in~uction heater, to cure the mixture onto the driveshaft.
The third embodiment of the balancing material is a plurality of metal particles which are individually encapsulated within a polymer carrier. The encapsulated metal particles, when the carrier is thermosetting, can be applied to and maintained in contact with the driveshaft while heat is applied, for example from an induction heater, to cure the carrier with the particles distributed therein onto the surface of the driveshaft.
If the carrier is thermoplastic, heat can be applied to cause softening, and the carrier then allowed to cool for resolidification onto the driveshaft surface.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art from the following detailed description in combination with the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an apparatus for applying a balancing material of the present invention to a rotatable component; and Figure 2 is an enlarged sectional view through the rotatable component of Figure 1 showing the balancing material adhered to the outer surface of the component.
~Z~ J~
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFER~ED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to Figure 1, there is shown a schematic representation of an apparatus 10 for applying a balancing material 12 of the present invention to a rotatable member such as a driveshaft 14. While not shown in the drawings, the balancing apparatus 10 can include means for supporting and rotating the driveshaft 14 about its longitudinal axis. The balancing apparatus 10 also includes a material reservoir 16 ~or holding a supply of the ba~ancing material 12. The reservoir 16 has a lower outlet 1~ which supplies the balancing composition to an inner passageway 20 formed in a metering tube 22. An elongate metering rod 24 is mounted for selective axial movement within the metering passageway 20 for controlling the application of the balancing material 12 to the driveshaft 14 through an outlet 26. The end of the metering tube 22 adjacent the outlet 26 is shaped to form, with the driveshaft 14, a segmented spherical mold 28. As will be discussed, the mold 28 can be utilized for maintaining the balancing material on the outer surface of the driveshaft 14 during the curing operation.
The balancing apparatus 10 can further include a vibration detector 30 which is coupled to sense the vibration of the rotating driveshaft 14 in order to determine the selected locations for application of the balancing material l~. The coupling between the driveshaft 14 and the vibration detector 30 is represented in Figure 1 by the dashed line 32. The vibration detector 30 generates a signal representing the amount of detected vibration on a line 34 to a metering rod control 36. The meteriny rod control 36 utilizes this signal to determine the amount of balancing material 12 to be applied to the outer surface of the driveshaft 14. The metering rod control 36 is mechanically coupled to control the axial movement of Q~
the metering rod 24 within the metering tube 22. This mechanical coupling is represented in Figure 1 by a dashed line 38. When it is desired to apply a predetermined amount of the balancing material to the driveshaft, the control 36 withdraws the tip of the rod 24 past the outlet 18 to enable a selected amount of the material to flow into the passageway 20. Next, the rod 24 is advanced to force the material 12 into the mold 28 and into contact with the driveshaft 14. While not shown in the drawings, means can be provided for automatically orientating the driveshaft 14 to receive the balancing material at the selected locations.
Although the balancing material 12 according to the present invention can utilize a polymer carrier which will cure on the surface of the driveshaft 14 under am~ient conditions, it is preferable to use heat to increase the cure rate of the material. An example of one type of heat source is shawn in Figure l as a heater ring 40 which encompasses the mold 28 at the outlet of ~0 the metering tube 22 to generate heat by induction. The heater ring 40 is connected to an induction heater control 42 by a line 44. The heater control 42 can control the application of power to the ring 40 to regulate the cure rate of the material on the driveshaft 14.
Another example of an energy source which can be used is shown in Figure 1 as an ultraviolet light 46 positioned proximate the outer surface of the driveshaft 14 and connected to an ultraviolet light control 48.
~fter the balancing material has been applied to the driveshaft 14, the driveshaft can be rotated to move the material into the ultraviolet light beam whereby the material can be cured by the light.
Basically, the balancing material which is contemplated for use by the method of the present invention comprises a carrier such as an adhesive ~z~
composition and a particulate material having a density higher than the adhesive composition dispersed therein.
The adhesive composition can contain a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin which can be, for example, a epoxy resin, a vinyl resin, a phenol formaldehyde resin, are acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer or a similar type material which can function as a carrier and which will suitably adhere to the component being balanced.
As will be discussed, usually the adhesive composition is either a powder or a liquid, while typically the higher density particulate material dispersed therein comprises metal particles. As shown in the enlarged sectional view of Figure 2, the cured balancing material 12 includes a solid Gr elastomeric adhesive composition 50 having a plurality of metal particles 52 dispersed therein. The following paragraphs are a discussion and description of several examples of balancing materials which can be used in the present invention.
A balancing material useful in practicing he present invention can be a liquid adhesive composition with metal particles dispersed therein. While the liquid composition can be an adhesive composition which cures under ambient conditions, cure is preferably accelerated by heat or light from a suitable source. An ~5 example of a liquid adhesive composition which can be cured by an ultraviolet light is that manufactured by Loctite Corporation and marketed under the tradename "Speedbonder". Another example of an adhesive composition which can be cured by an ultraviolet source 3~ is marketed by 3M Corporation under the designation #3130 Adhesive.
The balancing material can also be a miY~ture of metal particles with an adhesive composition which is initially in the form of a powder. Typically, the powdered adhesive can be either a thermosetting or a thermoplastic resin which requires the use of an external heat source to cause the material to cure onto the driveshaft, if thermosetting, or to cause the material to soften onto the driveshaft, if thermoplastic. In the latter case, the heating is discontinued after the material has softened so that it ultimately cools and resolidifies on the driveshaft. An example of a suitable powdered adhesive composition is that available from Polymer Corporation under the tradename n Corvel".
10Finally, the balancing material of the present invention can be metal particles which are individually encapsulated in an adhesive composition. The encapsulated metal particles can be applied to and maintained in contact with the surface of the driveshaft 1514 by the mold 28 while the heater ring 40 is activated to cure the material onto the driveshaft if the adhesive is thermosetting or to soften the adhesive, if thermoplastic. In the latter case, heating is ultimately discontinued so that the adhesive can resolidify on the driveshaft.
Examples of balancing materials which can be used in practicing the instant invention are set forth in the following table ~Table A) solely for the purpose of illustrating and disclosing and not as limiting. These materials and their use constitute the best modes presently contemplated by the inventor, which is optimum depending upon what result is desired.
., ~z~
TA~LE A
COMPOSrTICN
~ature of alancing 5Example Material Particulate Material Adhesive No. 7 ~ No. 7 ~ Trade De-Steel Shot Lead Shot signation Amount 1 Shot in 50 g. Speed- Equal liquid bonder volume dispersion
2 Shot in 50 g. Speed- Equal liquid honder volume dispersion
3 Shot in 50 g. 3M #3190 Equal liquid volume dispersion
4 Shot in 50 g. 3M #3190 Equal liquid volume dispersion Powdered 50 g. Corvel 2X
blend volume 6 Powdered 50 g. Corvel 2X
blend volume 7 Coated 50 g. Corvel 0.030"
metal thick particles coat-ing 8 Coated 50 g. Corvel 0.030"
metal thick particles coat-ing While the above examples utiliz~ an adhesive composition with metal particles dispersed therein, it will be appreciated that particulate materials other than metal can be used. The only requirement is that the material added to the adhesive have a density higher than that of the adhesive and be inert in the embodiment. Particulate silica, aluminum, and zirconia can all he used.
It will be appreciated that the size and proportions of particulate material which can be used may vary from application to application. For example, #7 ~ shot has a nominal diameter of approximately 0.095 inches. Also, the particular proportion of metal particles by weight which can be mixed with an adhesive composition will typically be limited by the overall size of the metal particles. The following tables (Table B and Table C~ set forth the range of particle size and the percent by weight of particulate material which can be used.
TABLE B
Particle Size (nominal diameter for a sphere of equal volume) Operable 0~080 in. to 0.120 in.
Preferred 0.090 in. to 0.110 in.
Optimum 0.095 in. to 0.105 in.
TA~LE C
Percent by l~eight Particulate Material Adhesive operable 90~ to 94% 6% to 10~
Preferred 90.S% to 93.S% 6.5% to 9.5%
Optimum 91% to 93% 7% to 9%
In summary, the present invention encompasses a method of balancing a mechanical component with a balancing material comprising an adhesive composition and a material having a density higher than the adhesive dispersed therein. Such a balancing material has a number of advantages. First of all, such a material can adhere to a wide variety of materials. For example, it has been found that the material can be effectively utilized to balance drive train components constructed of aluminum. Also, since no welding operations are involved, the material can be applied to a metallic component without causing adverse microstructural changes in the component. This permits the application of the balancing material to locations on the component previously deemed unacceptable due to metallurgical and service li~e considerations. Furthermore, since a lC higher density material is added to the adhesive composition, the resultant balancing material has an overall average density which is greater than a balancing material which consists solely of the adhesive composition. Thus, less balancing material can be utili~ed to achieve a given amount weight addition.
In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, the formulations and method of the present invention have been described in what is now considered to represent its best embodiments. However, it should be understood that the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically illustrated and described without departing from the spirit or scope thereof in accordance with the attached claims.
f
blend volume 6 Powdered 50 g. Corvel 2X
blend volume 7 Coated 50 g. Corvel 0.030"
metal thick particles coat-ing 8 Coated 50 g. Corvel 0.030"
metal thick particles coat-ing While the above examples utiliz~ an adhesive composition with metal particles dispersed therein, it will be appreciated that particulate materials other than metal can be used. The only requirement is that the material added to the adhesive have a density higher than that of the adhesive and be inert in the embodiment. Particulate silica, aluminum, and zirconia can all he used.
It will be appreciated that the size and proportions of particulate material which can be used may vary from application to application. For example, #7 ~ shot has a nominal diameter of approximately 0.095 inches. Also, the particular proportion of metal particles by weight which can be mixed with an adhesive composition will typically be limited by the overall size of the metal particles. The following tables (Table B and Table C~ set forth the range of particle size and the percent by weight of particulate material which can be used.
TABLE B
Particle Size (nominal diameter for a sphere of equal volume) Operable 0~080 in. to 0.120 in.
Preferred 0.090 in. to 0.110 in.
Optimum 0.095 in. to 0.105 in.
TA~LE C
Percent by l~eight Particulate Material Adhesive operable 90~ to 94% 6% to 10~
Preferred 90.S% to 93.S% 6.5% to 9.5%
Optimum 91% to 93% 7% to 9%
In summary, the present invention encompasses a method of balancing a mechanical component with a balancing material comprising an adhesive composition and a material having a density higher than the adhesive dispersed therein. Such a balancing material has a number of advantages. First of all, such a material can adhere to a wide variety of materials. For example, it has been found that the material can be effectively utilized to balance drive train components constructed of aluminum. Also, since no welding operations are involved, the material can be applied to a metallic component without causing adverse microstructural changes in the component. This permits the application of the balancing material to locations on the component previously deemed unacceptable due to metallurgical and service li~e considerations. Furthermore, since a lC higher density material is added to the adhesive composition, the resultant balancing material has an overall average density which is greater than a balancing material which consists solely of the adhesive composition. Thus, less balancing material can be utili~ed to achieve a given amount weight addition.
In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, the formulations and method of the present invention have been described in what is now considered to represent its best embodiments. However, it should be understood that the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically illustrated and described without departing from the spirit or scope thereof in accordance with the attached claims.
f
Claims (16)
ROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of balancing a mechanical component comprising the steps of:
(a) applying to a selected location on the mechanical component a predetermined amount of a balancing material comprising an adhesive composition which is convertible to a solid or elastomeric con-dition, and a particulate material having a density higher than that of the adhesive composition dis-persed therein, the particulate material including metal particles having a particle size in the range of 0.080 to 0.120 inches and comprising 90% to 94%
of the balancing material by weight; and (b) converting the balancing material on the mechanical component to a solid or elastomeric condition.
(a) applying to a selected location on the mechanical component a predetermined amount of a balancing material comprising an adhesive composition which is convertible to a solid or elastomeric con-dition, and a particulate material having a density higher than that of the adhesive composition dis-persed therein, the particulate material including metal particles having a particle size in the range of 0.080 to 0.120 inches and comprising 90% to 94%
of the balancing material by weight; and (b) converting the balancing material on the mechanical component to a solid or elastomeric condition.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein step (a) includes the step of mixing an adhesive composition with a particulate material.
3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the adhesive composition includes a thermosetting resin and the composition is heated to convert the balancing material to a solid or elastomeric condition.
4. The method according to claim 3 wherein cure is by means of ultraviolet light.
5. The method according to claim 3 wherein the heating is inductive.
6. The method according to claim 1 wherein the adhesive composition includes a thermoplastic resin and the composition is heated to soften the balancing material onto the mechanical component and then discontinuing heating so that the composition resolidifies onto the component.
7. The method according to claim 1 which includes the step of mixing an adhesive composition with a particulate material including metal particles, and wherein it is the resulting mixture which is applied in step (a).
8. The method according to claim 1 which includes the step of mixing an adhesive composition with a particulate material including metal particles having a particle size in the range of 0.095 to 0.105 inches, and wherein it is the re-sulting mixture which is applied in step (a).
9. The method according to claim 1 which includes the step of mixing the adhesive composition with a particulate material including metal particles comprising 91 percent to 93 percent of the balancing material by weight, and wherein it is the resulting mixture which is applied in step (a).
10. An article comprising a mechanical metal component which is adapted to rotate in service about an axis through the component, but is unbalanced relative to rotation about the axis, and balancing means adhered to the component, said balancing means comprising a hardened body of an adhesive composition and a particulate material having a density higher than said adhesive composition dispersed therein, pre-determined amounts of said balancing means being adhered at selected locations on the outer surface of the component to balance the article for rotation about the axis.
11. A mechanical component according to claim 10 wherein said adhesive composition includes a thermoset resin.
12. A mechanical component according to claim 10 wherein said adhesive composition includes a thermoplastic resin.
13. A mechanical component according to claim 10 wherein said particulate material includes metal particles.
14. A mechanical component according to claim 13 wherein said metal particles comprise 91 percent to 93 percent of the balancing means by weight.
15. A mechanical component according to claim 13 wherein said metal particles have a particle size in the range of 0.095 to 0.105 inches.
16. A mechanical component according to claim 13 wherein said metal particles comprise steel or lead shot.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US37179082A | 1982-04-26 | 1982-04-26 | |
| US371,790 | 1982-04-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1208041A true CA1208041A (en) | 1986-07-22 |
Family
ID=23465418
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000425300A Expired CA1208041A (en) | 1982-04-26 | 1983-04-06 | Method for balancing mechanical components |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58200832A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1208041A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3313568A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2525768B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2119063B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX163996B (en) |
Families Citing this family (29)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4998448A (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1991-03-12 | Dana Corporation | Aluminum driveshaft with balancing composition |
| GB2175692B (en) * | 1985-05-24 | 1988-08-24 | Ferranti Plc | Rotatable body with non-uniform mass distribution |
| JPS62174137U (en) * | 1986-04-25 | 1987-11-05 | ||
| JPH0670452B2 (en) * | 1986-05-08 | 1994-09-07 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Rotation balance adjustment device |
| JPS63198842A (en) * | 1987-02-12 | 1988-08-17 | Hiromitsu Okumura | Unbalance correcting device |
| JPH074761B2 (en) * | 1987-07-31 | 1995-01-25 | オークマ株式会社 | Unbalance correction method for rotating body |
| US4895551A (en) * | 1987-09-24 | 1990-01-23 | A. O. Smith Corporation | Dynamically balanced drive shaft |
| US4887989A (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1989-12-19 | A. O. Smith Corporation | Dynamically balanced driveshaft and method of producing the same |
| GB2214999A (en) * | 1988-02-16 | 1989-09-13 | Automotive Products Plc | Balance weight for rotating body |
| JPH0247165U (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1990-03-30 | ||
| JPH02201236A (en) * | 1989-01-31 | 1990-08-09 | Teac Corp | Balance adjustment for rotor |
| DE3913493C1 (en) * | 1989-04-25 | 1990-01-25 | Loehr & Bromkamp Gmbh, 6050 Offenbach, De | Attaching balance wt. to rotating member - using adhesive cured with artificial light |
| US5151325A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1992-09-29 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Method of dynamically balancing ceramic turbine wheels |
| US5047264A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1991-09-10 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Method of dynamically balancing ceramic turbine wheels |
| US5133226A (en) * | 1989-07-04 | 1992-07-28 | Gkn Automotive Ag | Connecting part equippable with balance weights for cardan shafts and process for balancing |
| DE3924715A1 (en) * | 1989-07-26 | 1991-02-07 | Mtu Muenchen Gmbh | DEVICE FOR UNBALANCE COMPENSATION ON A RADIAL COMPRESSOR ROTOR |
| US5141768A (en) * | 1989-08-02 | 1992-08-25 | Asmo Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for correcting dynamic balance of rotating body |
| US5201248A (en) * | 1989-09-19 | 1993-04-13 | Sumitomo Bakelite Company Limited | Materials for balancing rotators and method for balancing rotators |
| US5234378A (en) * | 1990-08-06 | 1993-08-10 | Ford Motor Company | Balanced rotary assembly |
| JP2828346B2 (en) * | 1990-12-27 | 1998-11-25 | アスモ株式会社 | Method and apparatus for correcting dynamic balance of rotating body |
| DE4440812C2 (en) * | 1994-11-15 | 2000-01-05 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Device for attaching balancing weights to shafts |
| DE19828498C2 (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 2001-07-05 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Method for measuring unbalance of rotating bodies and device for carrying out the method |
| DK1079141T3 (en) * | 1999-08-20 | 2003-03-10 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind | Balancing lot for vehicle wheels |
| US6701802B2 (en) | 2001-12-13 | 2004-03-09 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Balancing weight for a rotating shaft |
| DE102004037608A1 (en) * | 2004-08-03 | 2006-03-16 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Gas turbine engine`s rotary aviation component e.g. blade of blisk disk, balancing method, involves applying material of selected mass by material coating procedure at selected place of component based on result of balance test |
| KR101563116B1 (en) * | 2007-02-19 | 2015-10-23 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 | Apparatus and method for dispensing vehicle ballasting weights |
| US10247003B2 (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2019-04-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Balanced rotating component for a gas powered engine |
| EP2871386A1 (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-13 | Wegmann Automotive GmbH & Co. KG | Method and device for balancing a wheel by application of a hot-melt adhesive balancing mass |
| DE102017011431A1 (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-28 | Daimler Ag | Shaft for an electric drive of a motor vehicle, electric drive, motor vehicle and method for balancing a shaft of an electric drive |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2245355A (en) * | 1938-05-23 | 1941-06-10 | Thomas W Mullen | Tire balancing |
| US3130075A (en) * | 1960-05-18 | 1964-04-21 | Everett P Larsh | Balancing apparatus |
| DE1199386B (en) * | 1962-06-26 | 1965-08-26 | Licentia Gmbh | Armature of electrical machines balanced with resinous putty |
| JPS5630123B2 (en) * | 1974-05-07 | 1981-07-13 | ||
| GB1478803A (en) * | 1975-01-13 | 1977-07-06 | Gnii Mashinovedeniya | Methods of and apparatus for balan"ing rotors |
| DE2528007C2 (en) * | 1975-06-24 | 1984-04-19 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München | Procedure for correcting the center of gravity and the weight of rotor blades |
| JPS536773A (en) * | 1976-07-08 | 1978-01-21 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Unbalance correction process |
| JPS5381887A (en) * | 1976-12-28 | 1978-07-19 | Toshiba Corp | Balancing device for rotary body |
| US4083735A (en) * | 1977-03-29 | 1978-04-11 | Caramanian John A | Method of balancing rotors and composition therefor |
| JPS556265A (en) * | 1978-06-28 | 1980-01-17 | Shimadzu Corp | Unbalance correcting method and apparatus of rotating body |
| JPS576143A (en) * | 1980-06-12 | 1982-01-13 | Akebono Brake Ind Co Ltd | Braking flywheel |
| DE3028592C2 (en) * | 1980-07-28 | 1985-04-18 | Zakavkazskij filial eksperimental'nogo naučno-issledovatel'skogo instituta metallorežuščich stankov, Erevan | Device for applying a leveling compound by melting it onto a product to be balanced as it rotates |
-
1983
- 1983-04-06 CA CA000425300A patent/CA1208041A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-14 DE DE19833313568 patent/DE3313568A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-04-21 GB GB08310832A patent/GB2119063B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-25 JP JP58071558A patent/JPS58200832A/en active Pending
- 1983-04-26 FR FR838306824A patent/FR2525768B1/en not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-04-25 MX MX197049A patent/MX163996B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2525768A1 (en) | 1983-10-28 |
| MX163996B (en) | 1992-07-07 |
| GB2119063A (en) | 1983-11-09 |
| FR2525768B1 (en) | 1989-06-23 |
| DE3313568A1 (en) | 1983-10-27 |
| JPS58200832A (en) | 1983-11-22 |
| GB2119063B (en) | 1985-07-31 |
| GB8310832D0 (en) | 1983-05-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |