CA1203991A - Process for making an inert material for soils or gardens - Google Patents

Process for making an inert material for soils or gardens

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Publication number
CA1203991A
CA1203991A CA000407663A CA407663A CA1203991A CA 1203991 A CA1203991 A CA 1203991A CA 000407663 A CA000407663 A CA 000407663A CA 407663 A CA407663 A CA 407663A CA 1203991 A CA1203991 A CA 1203991A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
silicate
heat treatment
soluble
lignocellulosic waste
bark
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA000407663A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Gilbert Guidat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FRANCAISE D'AGREGATS STABILISES Ste
Original Assignee
FRANCAISE D'AGREGATS STABILISES Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FRANCAISE D'AGREGATS STABILISES Ste filed Critical FRANCAISE D'AGREGATS STABILISES Ste
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1203991A publication Critical patent/CA1203991A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • C09K17/48Organic compounds mixed with inorganic active ingredients, e.g. polymerisation catalysts
    • C09K17/50Organic compounds mixed with inorganic active ingredients, e.g. polymerisation catalysts the organic compound being of natural origin, e.g. cellulose derivatives
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00Other organic fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/14Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
    • C09K17/18Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds
    • C09K17/32Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds of natural origin, e.g. cellulosic materials
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/23Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une matière inerte à base de déchets ligno-cellulosiques de toute nature et son procédé de fabrication. Ce procédé se caractérise par l'utilisation de déchets ligno-cellulosiques de toute nature, stérilisés par un traitement thermique à haute température suivi d'un traitement mécanique de réduction en particules et d'un traitement chimique par action d'un sel de calcium puis d'un silicate soluble. Les matières inertes selon l'invention sont utilisables comme substrat dans le domaine de la culture et de l'agriculture ou comme composant de base dans un engrais.The invention relates to an inert material based on lignocellulosic waste of any kind and its manufacturing process. This process is characterized by the use of lignocellulosic waste of all kinds, sterilized by a high temperature heat treatment followed by a mechanical particle reduction treatment and a chemical treatment by the action of a calcium salt then of a soluble silicate. The inert materials according to the invention can be used as a substrate in the field of culture and agriculture or as a basic component in a fertilizer.

Description

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L'invention se rapporte a une matiere en granulats, en paillettes ou en particules, utilisable comme substlat inerte dans les sols ou plans de culture extérieurs ou intérieurs ou en tant que composant inerte dans un engrais S ou céans toute substance destinée à modifier la nature clu sol ou à lui procurer les qualités nécessaires.
L'invention concerne également le procédé
de fabrication d'une telle matière.
Certains sols, notamment ceux à caractère argileux, se prêten-t mal à la culture en raison de leurs propriétés physiques : agglomérats impermables ... . L'incor-poration d'engrais ne suffit pas à modifier sensiblement leurs propriétés physiques pour les transformer en SO I 5 cultivables.
Seul un amendement important, spécif`iquement dosé, pourrait procurer à ces sols quelques qualités.
Malheur-eusement le prix élevé des engrais et compositions -fertilisantes solides, même en -faibles proportions, ne permet pas d'en faire usage de f`açon continue en volumes importants.
Par ailleurs, I'incorporation d'un autre type de terre dans un sol ne conduit pas forcément au résultat recherché.
Ainsi, un sol à caractère argileux gardera pratiquement ses propriétés meme si on lui apporte de la terre de culture de bonne qualité.
De plus, cette technique nécessite le déplace-ment et le brassage de volumes importants.
L'invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant une matière inerte à utiliser directement en tan-t qlJe substrat de culture ou à incorporer dans toute substance fertiligène. Elle peut également servir de composant de base à un engrais fort nécessitant ur-e atténuation avant son incorporation dans le sol.
L'invention concerne d'abord le procéde cJe fabrication d'une telle matière caractérisé par l'utilisa-tion de déchets ligno-cellulosiques cle toute nature, produits ou sous produits stérilisés par un traitement thermique .i haute température suivi d'un traitement mecani~ e de - `~k ~2~3~

r~duc~ n en particules et d'un traitement chimique dit d'hydropholisation par action d'un sel de calcium d'acide Fort puis d'un silicate soluble en contrôlant et en agissant sur la vaieur du paramètre de potentiel d'hydrogène pour le maintenir à l'état Final du produit entre et 7.
On produit ainsi une mdtière inerte, stable dimensionnellemen~, dépouvue de toute tendance dégradation par fermentation, matière qui procure aux sois des qualités supplémentaires.
Par sa structure et ses qualités physiques, la matière selon l'invention favorise les trois éléments essentiels de la vie : oxygène, carbone, hydrogène.
Son caractère hydrophile permet la rétention d'eau par absoption, très recherchée dans l'équilibre hygrc)-métrique des sols. Son `incompressibilité augmente l'aérobiedes sols Ses qualités d'isolant thermique assurent la stabilisation des sols en température. Elle évite notamment la croûte de battance des sols argileux par suppression des tensions linéaires au retrait.
Elle présente des propriétés actives intéres-santes qui favorisent le développement végétal par :
. Ia création d'un milieu favorable au développement bactérien;
. Ia dispersion et ia répartition appropriées de tous les engrais solubles sans crainte d'étou~fement des racines;
I'ampli~ication du phénomène de rhizogénèse;
Ie maintien de conditions optimales d'humidité et de température dans le sol au voisinage des racines.
Son carac-tère parfaitement inerte et stable par rapport au `milieu de culture rend son emploi exempt de réactions secondaire`s organiques ou chimiques.
En raison du traitement de stérilisation des fibres, elle n'apporte aucun élément toxique ou pathogène aux sols.
: Les applications de cette matière en culture et agriculture s'avèrent multiples :
- cultures en lignes - cultures maraîcheres - eultures hors sol - cultures en pots - arboriculture - utilisa-tion en couches de paillage et, de facon générale, elle s'applique à toute culture dif--ficile, par exemple en sols peu riches OlJ présentant des propriétés physiques peu favorables.
Son faible prix de revient rend l'emploi de cette matière accessible à tous, aussi bien dans le cadre du jardirl familial que dans la culture industrielle.
D'autres caractéristiques techniques et avantages de l'inven-tion sont consignés dans la description qui suit portant sur un mode de réalisation du procédé de fabrication et de la matière organique inerte selon l'in-vention.
Avant de débuter la description du procédé,il convient de rappeler l'étendue particulièrement vaste du champ des matières premières. Il couvre toutes les matières ligno-cellulosiques : produits, déchets, sous-produits de toute nature, en par-ticulier écorces isolées, déchets de bois avec ou sans écorce, tiges de végétaux.
Le procédé selon l'invention consiste à
-faire subir aux matières, déchets ou autres, ligno-cellulosi-ques, préalablement broyées en morceaux, un traitement ther-25 mique par passage à la flamme sans combustion ou passagedans un flux d'air chaud porté à une température comprise entre 300 C et 700 C jusqu'à déshydratation.
Ces morceaux sont réduits simultanément ou ultérieurement dans un concasseur ou broyeur en particuies de granulométrie comprise entre 1 - 15 mm.
On procède ensuite soit par pulvérisation, soit par immersion, à un traitement chimique par action d'une solution d'un sel de calcium d'acide Fort, de préférence par du chlorure de calcium. La concentration acide de cette solution irnmobilise les fibres.
On -fait agir ensuite un silicate soluble, par exemple une solution de silicate de potassiunl ou de SOdiUIIl, OU le mélange des deux, en quantite vari.lble mais en proportion de l'ordre de trois fois plus de chlorure ~2~13~

de calcium, afin Fe maintenir là pH en~r~ 6 ut 7 un ~ha~e fir-ale, par exemple 6,8 pour ies déchets de résineux.
On contrôle l'évolution de la valeur du pH pour que sa valeur dans le produit final soit comprise entre et 7.
Il se forme ainsi, à l'intérieur même des particules, une véritable coagulation par précipitation de silicate de calcium, sel calcaire dur et insoluble assurant à la matière une parfaite stabilité dimensionnelle et orga-nique.
L'invention concerne également le produit obtenu par la mise en oeuvre du procédé décrit ci-dessus.
La matière ainsi obtenue trouvera de multiples applications, dont celles indiquées ci-dessus, dans le domaine de la culture à petite et` à grande écheile.
L'invention décrite ci-dessus ne saurait se limiter aux seules caractéristiques indiquées, il est bien entendu qu'elle doit s'élargir à diverses modifications simples, substitutions par des moyens équivalents et autres variantes directes sans apport inventif.

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~ 2 ~; 39 ~

The invention relates to a material in aggregates, in flakes or particles, usable as inert substrate in outdoor soil or crop plans or indoor or as an inert component in a fertilizer Or any substance intended to modify the nature of soil or to provide it with the necessary qualities.
The invention also relates to the method of manufacturing such a material.
Some soils, especially those with character clay, does not lend itself well to cultivation because of their physical properties: impermeable agglomerates .... Incor-poration of fertilizer is not enough to change significantly their physical properties to transform them into SO I 5 cultivable.
Only one important amendment, specifically measured, could give these soils some qualities.
Unfortunately the high price of fertilizers and solid fertilizer compositions, even in weak ones proportions, does not allow continuous use in large volumes.
Furthermore, the incorporation of another type of soil in a soil does not necessarily lead to the result research.
So a clay soil will keep practically its properties even if it is given good quality cultivation land.
In addition, this technique requires moving and mixing large volumes.
The invention aims to remedy these disadvantages in proposing an inert material to use directly as a growing medium or to be incorporated in any fertilizing substance. It can also be used basic component to a strong fertilizer requiring ur-e mitigation before incorporation into the soil.
The invention relates firstly to the method cI manufacture such a material characterized by the use lignocellulosic waste of all kinds, products or by products sterilized by heat treatment .i high temperature followed by a mechanical treatment of - `~ k ~ 2 ~ 3 ~

r ~ duc ~ n in particles and a chemical treatment said hydropholization by action of an acid calcium salt Strong then of a soluble silicate by controlling and acting on the value of the hydrogen potential parameter for keep it in the final state of the product between and 7.
This produces an inert, stable material dimensionally, devoid of any deterioration tendency by fermentation, material which gives qualities to the beings additional.
By its structure and its physical qualities, the material according to the invention favors the three elements essentials of life: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen.
Its hydrophilic nature allows retention of water by absoption, very sought after in the hygrc balance) -soil metrics. Its incompressibility increases the aerobics of the soil Its qualities of thermal insulator ensure the stabilization of soil temperature. In particular, it avoids the batting crust of clay soils by removal linear shrinkage voltages.
It has interesting active properties-health that promote plant development by:
. Creation of an environment favorable to development bacterial;
. The appropriate dispersion and distribution of all soluble fertilizers without fear of suffocation roots;
The amplification of the rhizogenesis phenomenon;
Maintaining optimum humidity conditions and temperature in the soil near the roots.
Its perfectly inert and stable character in relation to the `culture medium makes its use free organic or chemical side reactions.
Due to sterilization treatment fibers, it does not bring any toxic or pathogenic element to the soil.
: Applications of this material in culture and agriculture are multiple:
- row crops - vegetable crops - above ground tears - container cultures - arboriculture - use in mulch layers and, generally, it applies to any diffe- rent culture -little, for example in low-rich OlJ soils with unfavorable physical properties.
Its low cost price makes employment of this material accessible to all, both in the context of family gardening than in industrial culture.
Other technical characteristics and advantages of the invention are noted in the description which follows relating to an embodiment of the method of manufacturing and inert organic matter according to the vention.
Before beginning the description of the process, it is worth recalling the particularly wide scope of the raw materials field. It covers all matters lignocellulosic: products, waste, by-products of all kinds, in particular isolated bark, waste wood with or without bark, plant stems.
The method according to the invention consists in - subject materials, waste or other, ligno-cellulosi-ques, previously ground into pieces, heat treatment 25 mique by flame passage without combustion or passage in a flow of hot air brought to a temperature between 300 C and 700 C until dehydration.
These pieces are reduced simultaneously or later in a special crusher or grinder with a particle size between 1 - 15 mm.
We then proceed either by spraying, either by immersion, to a chemical treatment by action a solution of a Fort acid calcium salt, preferably with calcium chloride. The acid concentration of this solution immobilizes the fibers.
We then act on a soluble silicate, for example a solution of potassiunl silicate or SOdiUIIl, OR the mixture of the two, in variable quantities but in proportion to the order of three times more chloride ~ 2 ~ 13 ~

of calcium, so Fe maintain pH there in ~ r ~ 6 ut 7 a ~ ha ~ e fir-ale, for example 6.8 for softwood waste.
We control the evolution of the value of pH so that its value in the final product is understood between and 7.
It is thus formed, inside the particles, true precipitation coagulation calcium silicate, hard and insoluble limestone salt ensuring to the material a perfect dimensional and organic stability fuck.
The invention also relates to the product.
obtained by implementing the method described above.
The material thus obtained will find multiple applications, including those indicated above, in the field small and large scale culture.
The invention described above cannot be limited to the characteristics indicated, it is of course it has to expand to various modifications simple, substitutions by equivalent and other means direct variants without inventive contribution.

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Claims (8)

Les réalisations de l'invention, au sujet desquelles un droit exclusif de propriété ou de privilège est revendiqué, sont définies comme suit: The realizations of the invention, about which a right exclusive ownership or lien is claimed, are defined as following: 1. Procédé de fabrication d'une matière organique inerte à usage de substrat pour sols et plans de culture ou de composant dans un engrais, caractérisé
en ce que l'on utilise des déchets ligno-cellulosiques de toute nature en morceaux avec ou sans écorce, écorces isolées, que l'on stérilise par un traitement thermique à haute tempéra-ture suivi d'un traitement mécanique de réduction en particules et d'un traitement chimique par action d'un sel de calcium puis d'un silicate soluble ou d'un mélange de silicates solubles en contrôlant la valeur du paramètre de potentiel d'hydrogène pour la maintenir à l'état final du produit entre 6 et 7.
1. Process for manufacturing a material inert organic for use as a substrate for floors and planes of culture or component in a fertilizer, characterized in that we use lignocellulosic waste from all kinds in pieces with or without bark, isolated bark, sterilized by high temperature heat treatment followed by mechanical particle reduction treatment and a chemical treatment by the action of a calcium salt then a soluble silicate or a mixture of silicates soluble by controlling the value of the potential parameter hydrogen to keep it in the final state of the product between 6 and 7.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé
en ce que le traitement thermique consiste à passer les morceaux de déchets ligno-cellulosiques dans un flux d'air chaud porté à une température comprise entre 300° C et 700°C.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat treatment consists in passing the pieces of lignocellulosic waste in an air stream hot brought to a temperature between 300 ° C and 700 ° C.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1,caractérisé
en ce que le traitement thermique s'effectue dans un concas-seur qui opère simultanément la réduction mécanique.
3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat treatment is carried out in a crusher seur which simultaneously operates the mechanical reduction.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 1,caractérisé
en ce que le sel de calcium est du chlorure de calcium.
4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the calcium salt is calcium chloride.
5. Procédé selon la revendication 1,caractérisé
en ce que le silicate soluble est du silicate de potassium.
5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the soluble silicate is potassium silicate.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 1,caractérisé
en ce que l'on utilise un mélange de silicates de potassium et de sodium.
6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a mixture of potassium silicates is used and sodium.
7. Procédé selon la revendication 1,caractérisé
en ce que le rapport des quantités relatives entre silicate(s) et chlorure de calcium est de l'ordre de 3.
7. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the relative amounts between silicate (s) and calcium chloride is around 3.
8. Procédé selon la revendication 1,caracté-risé en ce que le pH est maintenu à 6,8. 8. Method according to claim 1, character-laughed in that the pH is kept at 6.8.
CA000407663A 1981-07-29 1982-07-20 Process for making an inert material for soils or gardens Expired CA1203991A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8114907 1981-07-29
FR8114907A FR2510593B1 (en) 1981-07-29 1981-07-29 INERT MATERIAL FOR CROPS SOILS OR PLANS AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1203991A true CA1203991A (en) 1986-05-06

Family

ID=9261036

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000407663A Expired CA1203991A (en) 1981-07-29 1982-07-20 Process for making an inert material for soils or gardens

Country Status (3)

Country Link
BE (1) BE893930A (en)
CA (1) CA1203991A (en)
FR (1) FR2510593B1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991002778A1 (en) * 1989-08-25 1991-03-07 Polwood Pty Ltd Treated bark product
WO1995003371A1 (en) * 1993-07-20 1995-02-02 Polwood Pty. Ltd. Peat moss alternative
US5405211A (en) * 1993-04-21 1995-04-11 Agrestech Industries Ltee Lightweight block containing stabilized wood aggregates

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2553443A1 (en) * 1983-10-18 1985-04-19 Guidat Gilbert INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF ELEMENTARY STABILIZED PLOTS FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC WASTE, IN PARTICULAR WOOD, AND PRODUCT THUS OBTAINED
FR2599736A1 (en) * 1986-06-10 1987-12-11 Erny Antoine Humic and inorganic fertilising product having an immediate and long-lasting effect
FR2612919A2 (en) * 1986-06-10 1988-09-30 Erny Antoine Humic organic improvement agent having an immediate effect
EP0482150A1 (en) * 1990-05-09 1992-04-29 Demetrio Leone Improvement of soil moisture retention
DE4130468A1 (en) * 1991-03-16 1992-09-17 Aurenz Helmut Asb Gruenland BASIC MATERIAL FOR A PLANT CULTURE SUBSTRATE AND CULTURAL SUBSTRATE FOR PLANTS
FR2806010A1 (en) * 2000-03-07 2001-09-14 Marc Christian Carl Production of soil or soil additive from organic and inorganic industrial waste by grinding into small particles, sieving, adding reagents and homogenizing in a fluidized bed

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2478493A1 (en) * 1980-03-21 1981-09-25 Finedoc Sica Sa INDUSTRIAL PLANT WASTE APPLICATIONS FOR THEIR ECONOMIC RECOVERY

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991002778A1 (en) * 1989-08-25 1991-03-07 Polwood Pty Ltd Treated bark product
US5405211A (en) * 1993-04-21 1995-04-11 Agrestech Industries Ltee Lightweight block containing stabilized wood aggregates
WO1995003371A1 (en) * 1993-07-20 1995-02-02 Polwood Pty. Ltd. Peat moss alternative

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2510593A1 (en) 1983-02-04
BE893930A (en) 1982-11-16
FR2510593B1 (en) 1986-05-30

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