CA1197554A - Fuel cell anode based on a disordered catalytic material - Google Patents
Fuel cell anode based on a disordered catalytic materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA1197554A CA1197554A CA000431711A CA431711A CA1197554A CA 1197554 A CA1197554 A CA 1197554A CA 000431711 A CA000431711 A CA 000431711A CA 431711 A CA431711 A CA 431711A CA 1197554 A CA1197554 A CA 1197554A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- anode
- catalytic
- materials
- disordered
- fuel cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 Meg Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013080 microcrystalline material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000415 inactivating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 49
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 22
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 10
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 9
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminotitanium Chemical compound [Ti]=N KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150088702 Denr gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010023204 Joint dislocation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000018734 Sambucus australis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000180577 Sambucus australis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910011214 Ti—Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002156 adsorbate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940105305 carbon monoxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003334 potential effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000682 scanning probe acoustic microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001550 testis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical group [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9041—Metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
- H01M4/8621—Porous electrodes containing only metallic or ceramic material, e.g. made by sintering or sputtering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M2004/8678—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/8684—Negative electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US399,876 | 1982-07-19 | ||
| US06/399,876 US4487818A (en) | 1982-07-19 | 1982-07-19 | Fuel cell anode based on a disordered catalytic material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1197554A true CA1197554A (en) | 1985-12-03 |
Family
ID=23581322
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000431711A Expired CA1197554A (en) | 1982-07-19 | 1983-07-04 | Fuel cell anode based on a disordered catalytic material |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4487818A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0101423A3 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS5929377A (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU564374B2 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1197554A (enExample) |
| IN (1) | IN161384B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4623597A (en) * | 1982-04-28 | 1986-11-18 | Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. | Rechargeable battery and electrode used therein |
| CA1240363A (en) * | 1983-10-28 | 1988-08-09 | John E. Keem | Electrodes made with disordered active material and method of making the same |
| US4711829A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1987-12-08 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Ordered ternary fuel cell catalysts containing platinum and cobalt |
| JPS6362154A (ja) * | 1986-09-01 | 1988-03-18 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | 燃料電池のアノード電極製造用アトマイズドＮｉ合金粉末およびその製造法 |
| JP3612365B2 (ja) * | 1995-04-26 | 2005-01-19 | クロリンエンジニアズ株式会社 | 活性陰極及びその製造法 |
| US6287717B1 (en) | 1998-11-13 | 2001-09-11 | Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. | Fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies with improved power outputs |
| US6300000B1 (en) | 1999-06-18 | 2001-10-09 | Gore Enterprise Holdings | Fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies with improved power outputs and poison resistance |
| US6492056B1 (en) * | 2000-03-13 | 2002-12-10 | Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. | Catalytic hydrogen storage composite material and fuel cell employing same |
| KR100460443B1 (ko) * | 2002-08-05 | 2004-12-08 | 광주과학기술원 | 코스퍼터링법을 이용한 박막형 연료전지용 전극의 제조방법 |
| AU2003275103A1 (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2004-04-08 | Diffusion Science, Inc. | Electrochemical generation, storage and reaction of hydrogen and oxygen using gas permeable catalyst-coated hollow microspheres |
| US20040142203A1 (en) * | 2003-01-07 | 2004-07-22 | Woolley Christopher P. | Hydrogen storage medium |
| JP4519871B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-28 | 2010-08-04 | 株式会社東芝 | アノード担持触媒、アノード担持触媒の製造方法、アノード触媒、アノード触媒の製造方法、膜電極複合体及び燃料電池 |
| JP5032251B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-21 | 2012-09-26 | 株式会社東芝 | メタノール酸化触媒およびその製造方法 |
| EP3118350A1 (en) * | 2012-06-12 | 2017-01-18 | Monash University | Gas permeable electrode and method of manufacture |
| CA2919372A1 (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-05 | Aquahydrex Pty Ltd | Electro-synthetic or electro-energy cell with gas diffusion electrode(s) |
| AU2017298994B2 (en) | 2016-07-22 | 2019-09-12 | Nantenergy, Inc. | Moisture and carbon dioxide management system in electrochemical cells |
| BR112018074575B1 (pt) | 2016-07-22 | 2023-01-17 | Nantenergy, Inc | Célula eletroquímica |
| CN112805868A (zh) | 2018-06-29 | 2021-05-14 | 福恩能源公司 | 金属空气电化学电池构架 |
| EP3815172A4 (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2022-03-09 | Form Energy, Inc. | ROLLER DIAPHRAGM SEAL |
| AU2020216203A1 (en) | 2019-02-01 | 2021-08-05 | Aquahydrex, Inc. | Electrochemical system with confined electrolyte |
| EP3991234A4 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2024-01-17 | Form Energy, Inc. | DEVICE ARCHITECTURES FOR METAL-AIR BATTERIES |
| CN114982020A (zh) * | 2019-11-19 | 2022-08-30 | 福恩能源公司 | 氢氧化电极和包括其的电化学电池 |
| EP4147296A4 (en) | 2020-05-06 | 2025-08-13 | Form Energy Inc | ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM WITH DECOUPLED ELECTRODE |
| CN116759571A (zh) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-09-15 | 南京理工大学北方研究院 | 阳离子无序岩盐相正极薄膜材料的制备方法、全固态薄膜电池 |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3226341A (en) * | 1961-11-08 | 1965-12-28 | Leesona Corp | Method of preparing a catalyst composition consisting of lithium in a host metal of either group ib or viii |
| DE1172650B (de) * | 1962-09-07 | 1964-06-25 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Elektroden fuer elektrochemische Reaktionen |
| US3511714A (en) * | 1967-01-24 | 1970-05-12 | Energy & Catalytic Corp Of Ame | Chemical source of electrical current,catalyst suitable for use therein and method for the manufacturing thereof |
| FR1589362A (enExample) * | 1967-05-29 | 1970-03-31 | ||
| FR2036930A6 (enExample) * | 1969-04-18 | 1970-12-31 | Comp Generale Electricite | |
| DE2328050C3 (de) * | 1973-06-01 | 1978-10-05 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Katalysator für Brennstoffelektroden von Brennstoffelementen |
| FR2317377A1 (fr) * | 1975-07-08 | 1977-02-04 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | Cathode pour cellule d'electrolyse |
| JPS53102279A (en) * | 1977-02-18 | 1978-09-06 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Electrode body |
| US4192907A (en) * | 1978-07-03 | 1980-03-11 | United Technologies Corporation | Electrochemical cell electrodes incorporating noble metal-base metal alloy catalysts |
| JPS5927215B2 (ja) * | 1978-12-27 | 1984-07-04 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 表面活性化処理を施した機能材料とその製造方法 |
| US4544473A (en) * | 1980-05-12 | 1985-10-01 | Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. | Catalytic electrolytic electrode |
| US4342792A (en) * | 1980-05-13 | 1982-08-03 | The British Petroleum Company Limited | Electrodes and method of preparation thereof for use in electrochemical cells |
| US4396473A (en) * | 1981-04-29 | 1983-08-02 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Cathode prepared by electro arc spray metallization, electro arc spray metallization method of preparing a cathode, and electrolysis with a cathode prepared by electro arc spray metallization |
-
1982
- 1982-07-19 US US06/399,876 patent/US4487818A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1983
- 1983-07-04 CA CA000431711A patent/CA1197554A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-07-08 EP EP83850194A patent/EP0101423A3/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-07-13 AU AU16798/83A patent/AU564374B2/en not_active Expired
- 1983-07-13 IN IN868/CAL/83A patent/IN161384B/en unknown
- 1983-07-18 JP JP58130741A patent/JPS5929377A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU1679883A (en) | 1984-01-26 |
| JPS5929377A (ja) | 1984-02-16 |
| US4487818A (en) | 1984-12-11 |
| IN161384B (enExample) | 1987-11-21 |
| EP0101423A3 (en) | 1985-04-10 |
| AU564374B2 (en) | 1987-08-13 |
| EP0101423A2 (en) | 1984-02-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEC | Expiry (correction) | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |