CA1171663A - Desulphurising agent - Google Patents

Desulphurising agent

Info

Publication number
CA1171663A
CA1171663A CA000371607A CA371607A CA1171663A CA 1171663 A CA1171663 A CA 1171663A CA 000371607 A CA000371607 A CA 000371607A CA 371607 A CA371607 A CA 371607A CA 1171663 A CA1171663 A CA 1171663A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
weight
agent according
agent
quicklime
diamide lime
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA000371607A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Alfred Freissmuth
Werner Gmohling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
SKW Trostberg AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SKW Trostberg AG filed Critical SKW Trostberg AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1171663A publication Critical patent/CA1171663A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/02Dephosphorising or desulfurising
    • C21C1/025Agents used for dephosphorising or desulfurising

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Tea And Coffee (AREA)
  • Soy Sauces And Products Related Thereto (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides an agent for desulphurising crude iron and raw steel, comprising a mixture of quicklime and diamide lime. The agent preferably comprises 50 to 90% by weight of quicklime and 10 to 50% by weight of diamide lime and may, if desired, also comprise up to 10% by weight of fluor-spar. The diamide lime used preferably has a carbon content of 5 to 50% by weight.

Description

~Y~W 386 ~.~ 7~663 ' -2-~ he present invention is concerned with an agent and a method for desulphurising crude iron and ra~ steel.
It is already known that a desulphuri~ing o crude iron can be accomplished by the addition of quicklime to the iron melt. Thus, for example, in the production of ~teel in an oxygen blow convertor, lime is added in order to bind sulphur.
It i~ also known to blow in quicklime in powdered form~ Thi~ take~ place, for example, in electric arc furnaces, in oxygen blow convertors (LDAC proce~s) and in bottom blow convertors (OBM process). When blowing lime into crude iron transport ladle~, it i~ found to he nece~ary to blow in a large amount of lime in order to achieve the desired desulphuri~ing effec~. Further-more, large amount~ of conveyor gas (about 1 litre of gas per kg. of quicklime) are neces~ary for the pneumatic conveyance of the lime ~ince o~herwise blockages, ~toppage formation~ and non-unifonm pneumatic conveyance would result. ~owever, this i~ unde~irable becau~e it give~
rise to spattering and ejection of metal from the ladle.
Consequently~ khere is a need for a de~ulphuri~ing agent ba~ed upon quicklime which, with the use of com-paratively ~mall amount~ of conveying gas of, for example, 10 ~l. conveying gas (10 litre~ of ga~ under normal condition~) per ~9. of de~ulphurising agent, can be con-veyed uniformly.
Thu~, it is an object of the pre~ent inventi~n '" ', "' ' , ' "' ~ , .

.

~7~3 to provide a highly ef~ective de~ulphuri3ing ~gent which can be introduced into the crude iron to be treated with the use of a comparatively ~mall amount of conveying ga~, thus making pos~ible ~maller los~e~
of material and a considerable saving of energy due to a reduced cooling of ~he crude iron to be de~ulphurised.
Thus, according to the pre3ent invention, ~here is provided an agent for desulphuri~ing crude iron and raw steel which comprises a mixtura of quicklime (CaO) and diamide lime~
The agent according to the present invention is preferably in powdered form, which can be obtained by grinding the components. The agent according to the present invention preferably has a particle ~i~e suit-able for pneumatic conveying.
The diamide lime u~ed as a com~onent of the agent according to the present invention i~ a chemically produced, precipitated calcium carbonate, which prefer-ably ha~ a car~on content of rom 5 to 4~/0 by weight.
The de~ulphuri~ing agent according to the present invention preferably compri~es 50 to 9~ by weight and, more preferably, 60 to 85% by weight of quicklime and 10 to 50/0 ~y weight and especially 15 to 40% by weight of diamide lime. According to an e~pecially preferred embodiment, the desulphuri~ing agent according to ~he pre~ent invention contains about 40% by weight (40 ~ 3%
by weight) of diamide llme.

.: :

.. , , , ..................... .
.. , :. . ~', ' :' . .

~7~63 The de~ulphurising agent according to ~he present invention with a diamide lime content of about 4~/0 by weight (with a carbon content of 40 to 5~0 by weight) is especially ~uitable for the de~ulphurising of crude iron in torpedo ladles. For desulphurising in open crude iron transport and charging ladle~, the desulphur-iqing agent according to the present invention prefer-ably has a diamide lime content of 15 to 25% by weight.
The diamide lime present in the desulphurising agent according to the pre~ent invention has a carbon content of from 5 to 5~0 by weight and prefarably of 10 to 40% by weight.
Furthermore, the de~ulphurising agent according to the present invention can also contain co~paratively small additions of conventional adjuvant~, or example of fluor3par, of up to loY~ by weight.
Surprisingly, we have found that the desulphur-i~ing agent according to the present invention require~
a substantially 3maller amount of conveying gas than the quicklime previously used for the same purpose.
Thu~, the agent according to the present invention can be uniformly conveyed with an amount of conveyor gas of only 7 Nlo per kg. The calcium carbonate component o the diamide lime, after its emergence from the lance u~ed for the introduction of the agent into the crude iron to be desulphuri3ed, decomposes instantaneouqly and thereby ensures an intensi~e mixing up of the ~olid .
.

.
'' :' ' ~ " ~ ' ' ' ~:3L7~6~

desulphuri~ing agent with the iron melt to ~ de~ulphur~
ised. From the calcium carbonat~ component of the diæmide lime there thereb~ ~ir~t r2sult~ quicklime, which is highly reacti~e because it i~ freshly calcined.
Since thi~ mixture produce~ gaS in the iron melt, very many ga9 bubbleY of small diameter are fonmed. The re~ult of this i~ that only a very small amount of the de3ulphuri~ing agent according to the pre3ent invention i~ su~pended in relatively large bubble~ and is conv~yed through the melt without the agent coming into contact wi~h the iron. This can clearly be een by ob~erving the surface of the iron melt during the desulphurisi~g treatment. Thu~, when blowing quicklime into a molten iron, bubhle~ of the conveying ga~ used reach the sur-face and there burs~ and liberate large amount~ of fine, dust~like ~uicklime~ Thi9 dus~ mu~t be ~ucked off and removed from the waste ga~ with the help of a filter or of a ~crubber, which considerably increase~ the cost of the de~ulphurising treatment. In the case of blowing in the de~ulphurisin~ agent according to the pre~ent invention, no large bubble~ appear on the 9UX-face of the molten iron and only a very ~mall amount of dust formation is ob~erved.
In comparison with the conventionally u3ed lime, the de3ulphuri~ing agent according to the pre~ent inventlon po~sesse~ the considerable adva~tage of a substantially improved reactivity. Thus, when u~ing ,, ~, . . . . .
.

;3 the agent according to th~ present invention, for obtaining the same desulphuri~ing effect it i~, ~urprisingly, only nece3~ary to use about half the amount which would be necessary if carrying out the treatment with quicklime.
This ~urpri~ing advantage of ~ubstantially better reactivity or of increa~ed degree of action i~
also manife~ted by the fact that, because of the reduction of t~e a~ount of desulphuriqing agent to be blown in, a correspondingly ~maller amount of de~ulphur-i~ing slag i9 obtained. The de~ulphurising ~lag always contain~ a high proportion of metallic iron, which can amount to up to ~OYO by weight. This iron contained in the de~ulphurising 31ag is first 105t from the ladle and can only ~e recovered ~ub~equently ~ro~ the ~olid-ified slag with considerable expen~e. E3pecially when the slag c0019 more considerably, for example ~hen it is not removed immediately after the treatment, ~his can result in a part of it remaining in the treatment ves~el, whereb~ the transport capacity thereof for the liquid metal melt i~ reduced.
In the following Example, which is given for the purpo~e of illu~trating the pr2sent invention, a compari~on i~ made between the use of the agent accord ing to the present invention and the use of the previously conventionally employed quicklime.

.

:

: ' ' ' ' :

.

~7~6~3 ~.
a~ 9b~ L~L~æeaa~
160 Tonne~ crude iron were desulphuri3ed in a torpedo ladle solely wi~h quicklime. The initial ~ulphur content of the crude iron wa~ 0.042% by weight.
A total of 1760 k~. of fine quicklime were blown into the melt with the u~e of a lance which wa~ in~erted into the melt to a depth of 1.6 xetres. In order to be able to achieve a rea-~onably uniform blownng in of the quicklime, 120 ~1. of conveying gas per kg. of quicklime had to be u~ed. Due to this large amount of gas, a violent bubbling of he molten metal occurred, large amount~ of m~tal spattering out of the ladleO
Thick cloud~ of white ~moke th~reby emerged from the mouth of the ladle. In order to prevent the spatter-ing from becoming too violent, only 30 k~. of ~uicklime could be blown in per minute with 3600 ~1. of conveying ga~. The final sulphur content of the crude iron was 0.018% by weight.

b) invention.
Sub~equently, i~ the came plant, the ~ame amount of crude iron was desulphuri~ed using t~e agent accord-ing to the pre~ent invention, w~ich had been produced by grinding 60% by weight of quicklime and 4~% by weight of diamide lime with a carbon content o~ 2~o by weight.
In order to achieve the sæme desulphurising action~ only 1 ,L7~l 6Çi 3 4.8 kg. of desulphurising agent were needed per tonne of crude iron and the mixture could thereby al~o be conveyed with a ~maller amount o~ ga3. For a uniform and di~turbance-free blowing in, it wa~ only neces~ary to use 7 ~1. of conveying ga~ per Xg. o~ desulphurising agent. Therefore, the rate of conveying could be increased to 100 kg. per minute. Even in the case of thi~ higher rate of blowing, only 700 ~1. of conveying gas per minute were needed. Thi9 corresponds to only about one fif~h of the amount per unit time which was needed for conveying the quicklime. There wa~ also a correspondingly lower turbulence of the melt. ~en when the ladle wa~ well filled, no spattering occurred.
A further advantage of the desulphurising agent according to the present invention, which only had to be u~ed in smaller amounts, and of the higher conveying rates which were po~ible, i9 the fact that the treat-ment of 160 tonnes of crude iron i~ inished after about 10 minutes, whereas the de~ulphurisation with quicklime takes practically 1 hour. ~ormally, such a long period of time i~ not available for the desulphur-ing~ A further consequence of the laborious treatment in which large amounts of quicklime are blown in is a considerable cooling of the molten crude iron. Thu~, ~the temperature cf the crude iron melt de~ulphurised with q~icXlime decreased by 42C., whereas the temper-ature losr in the case oE using the dosu1phurising ' ' ~7~63 g agent according to the present invention was only 8C.
Thus, it can be ~een that, in compari~on with the quicklime normall.y used, the desulphurising agent according to the present invention display~ ~urpri3ing advantages.

.

Claims (15)

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:-
1. An agent for desulphurising crude iron and raw steel, comprising a mixture of quicklime and diamide lime.
2. An agent according to claim 1, which comprises, by weight, 50 to 90% of quicklime and 10 to 50% of diamide lime.
3. An agent according to claim 2, which comprises, by weight, 60 to 85% of quicklime and 15 to 40% of diamide lime.
4. An agent according to claim 1, wherein the diamide lime has a carbon content of from 5 to 50% by weight.
5. An agent according to claim 1, wherein the diamide lime has a carbon content of from 10 to 40% by weight.
6. An agent according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which additionally contains up to 10% by weight of fluorspar.
7. An agent according to claim 4 or 5, which addi-tionally contains up to 10% by weight of fluorspar.
8. An agent according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein it has a particle size appropriate for pneumatic conveying.
9. An agent according to claim 4 or 5, wherein it has a particle size appropriate for pneumatic conveying.
10. An agent according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the diamide lime has a carbon content of from 5 to 50% by weight.
11. An agent according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the diamide lime has a carbon content of from 10 to 40% by weight.
12. An agent according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the diamide lime has a carbon content of from 5 to 50% by weight and additionally contains up to 10% by weight of fluorspar.
13. An agent according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the diamide lime has a carbon content of from 10 to 40% by weight and additionally contains up to 10% by weight of fluorspar.
14. A method of desulphurising crude iron and raw steel, wherein an agent as defined in claim 1, 2 or 3, is blown into molten crude iron or into molten raw steel.
15. A method of desulphurising crude iron and raw steel, wherein an agent as defined in claim 4 or 5, is blown into molten crude iron or into molten raw steel.
CA000371607A 1980-04-18 1981-02-24 Desulphurising agent Expired CA1171663A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP3015024.4 1980-04-18
DE3015024A DE3015024C2 (en) 1980-04-18 1980-04-18 Desulphurising agents for pig iron

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1171663A true CA1171663A (en) 1984-07-31

Family

ID=6100415

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000371607A Expired CA1171663A (en) 1980-04-18 1981-02-24 Desulphurising agent

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0038417B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS56158807A (en)
AT (1) ATE10650T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1171663A (en)
DE (2) DE3015024C2 (en)
ES (1) ES8205867A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6989040B2 (en) 2002-10-30 2006-01-24 Gerald Zebrowski Reclaimed magnesium desulfurization agent

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56158827A (en) * 1980-05-10 1981-12-07 Nippon Carbide Ind Co Ltd Powdered composition for desulfurizing agent
JPS58204119A (en) * 1982-05-25 1983-11-28 Nippon Carbide Ind Co Ltd Desulfurizing agent for molten iron
ATE37902T1 (en) * 1984-06-28 1988-10-15 Thyssen Stahl Ag PIG IRON DESULPHURIZATION PROCESS.
LU86689A1 (en) * 1985-12-03 1987-05-04 Centro Speriment Metallurg CONTINUOUS PURIFICATION PROCESS OF MOLTEN CAST IRON
DE4242328C2 (en) * 1992-12-15 1995-06-08 Alfred Dipl Ing Dr Freissmuth Means for desulfurization, dephosphorization, desiliconization and denitrification of pig iron and cast iron melts
JP5653741B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2015-01-14 タカタ株式会社 Buckle and seat belt device provided with the same
DE102011116501C5 (en) * 2011-10-20 2018-05-24 Almamet Gmbh Bitumen-containing desulphurising agent

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1583268B1 (en) * 1967-12-29 1971-08-05 Konink Nl Hoogovens En Staalfa Means for the desulphurisation of liquid iron based on technical calcium cyanamide and a process for the desulphurisation of iron

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6989040B2 (en) 2002-10-30 2006-01-24 Gerald Zebrowski Reclaimed magnesium desulfurization agent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES501153A0 (en) 1982-07-01
DE3015024A1 (en) 1981-10-29
ES8205867A1 (en) 1982-07-01
JPS56158807A (en) 1981-12-07
DE3015024C2 (en) 1982-12-23
ATE10650T1 (en) 1984-12-15
EP0038417A1 (en) 1981-10-28
DE3167539D1 (en) 1985-01-17
EP0038417B1 (en) 1984-12-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4209325A (en) Desulphuration of metals
CA1140907A (en) Method of improving the flowability of desulphurizing agents for crude iron and steel melts
CA1171663A (en) Desulphurising agent
CN101294233A (en) A method for simultaneous desiliconization and demanganization of molten iron
JPH0135045B2 (en)
JPS6023163B2 (en) steel smelting method
JPS6286108A (en) Desulfurizing mixture for molten metal, its production and desulfurization of molten metal
TWI664294B (en) Dephosphorization method of molten iron
SU1693081A1 (en) Method of making electrical steel
JPS5916921A (en) Method for removing adhered slag
JP4701752B2 (en) Hot metal pretreatment method
KR100325103B1 (en) Chartering desulfurization agent using performance waste sludge
SU711104A1 (en) Cast iron desulfurizer
JP7107292B2 (en) Hot metal dephosphorization treatment method
JPH07188728A (en) Desulfurization agent for molten steel
KR100496566B1 (en) Desulfurizing agent using anthracite with improved desulfurizing-ability
JPH10273346A (en) Manufacturing method of hard granulated blast furnace slag
JP3704912B2 (en) Hot metal desiliconization and desulfurization methods
JPS6364484B2 (en)
JP6375822B2 (en) Hot metal desiliconization method
JPS61174305A (en) Desulfurizing method of molten iron
PL97551B1 (en) METHOD OF DESULFULATING OR EQUIVALENT DESULFULATION AND DEOXIFICATION OF LIQUID STEEL DURING VACUUM DEGASSING
JPS62161906A (en) Preliminary treatment method for hot metal in blast furnace tap runner
JP2000328122A (en) Forming inhibitor
JPS59159911A (en) Molten steel treatment

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
MKEX Expiry