CA1169397A - Warmer apparatus for horticulture facilities utilizing the solar heat - Google Patents
Warmer apparatus for horticulture facilities utilizing the solar heatInfo
- Publication number
- CA1169397A CA1169397A CA000386959A CA386959A CA1169397A CA 1169397 A CA1169397 A CA 1169397A CA 000386959 A CA000386959 A CA 000386959A CA 386959 A CA386959 A CA 386959A CA 1169397 A CA1169397 A CA 1169397A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- water
- greenhouse
- heat exchange
- tanks
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A heat exchange device or its modification is utilized in a warmer apparatus for horticulture facilities utilizing solar heat comprising a sensor device provided in a greenhouse to detect the greenhouse temperature, the heat exchange device of a water-air counterflow type functioning to collect and discharge heat provided with a control unit regulating various devices, a circulating pump and linked heat storage tanks serving as heat stocking means with a change-over valve to change the flow of water and sensors to detect water temperature are provided to piping connecting the heat ex-change device and heat storage tanks.
A heat exchange device or its modification is utilized in a warmer apparatus for horticulture facilities utilizing solar heat comprising a sensor device provided in a greenhouse to detect the greenhouse temperature, the heat exchange device of a water-air counterflow type functioning to collect and discharge heat provided with a control unit regulating various devices, a circulating pump and linked heat storage tanks serving as heat stocking means with a change-over valve to change the flow of water and sensors to detect water temperature are provided to piping connecting the heat ex-change device and heat storage tanks.
Description
3~'~
sackground o~ the Invention This invention is directed to a warmer apparatus utilizing a heat exchange apparatus which may be used in horticulture -facilities, and more particularly to a warmer apparatus for use in horticulture facilities i.n which is incorporated the said exchange apparatus utilizing the solar heat.
The present invention concerns a warmer apparatus utilizing a heat exchange apparatus which for example causes heat generated in a greenhouse during the day to be absorbed by circulating water in order to stock such heat in water tanks and then let such stored heat discharged or emitted to effect warming of the greenhouse during the night lYithout utilizing any artificially created heat source, or a heat exchange apparatus for heating or air cooling purpose which utilizes hot spring water or subterranean water.
This invention therefore relates to a warmer apparatus in which there are provided said heat exchange apparatus of specially designed water-air counter flow type operated highly effectively at a slight difference of temperatures of water and air and heat storage means comprising water tank units linked with each other, said heat exchange apparatus and heat storage means are connected by piping means, wherein water is employed as a medium and also as a regenera-tive source.
The background Oe one embodiment of the invention will be briefly described first. Needless to say, horticulture facilities o:f any country are indispensable to its national life. Even since the so-called oil-shock, saving of fuels of the petroleum family consumed in heating has become one of the most important and urgent problems. In order to cope with the problem, the saving of petroleum is being tried in one direction which comprises an efficiency improvement and lowering of the load, for example devalopment of high performance warmer apparatus, improved use of warmer apparatus, lessening .
~ '3'~
of the load in the warmer apparatus through thermal ~nsulation and so :Forth.
One of the most e~pected means for attaining the abovedescribed object that will be accepted generally is the utilization of the solar heat.
In addition, exploitation of the wind power, terrestrial heat, scrap wood, coal or natural gas to replace petroleum is being studied. Of these, it is needless to say that the use of the solar heat is the most universal.
In those areas of Japan where horticulture facilities are in use, for example, there is so much irradiation of the solar heat into the greenhouse during the day throughout the season when the warming and thermal insulation are required, the solar heat being sufficient to secure the energy required for the night time warming, ~hich suggests t]le possibilitiy of positively utilizing the solar heat.
A given temperature may be grasped as a heat conversion source, a greenhouse or the like itself being employed as a heat collecting means. One method to carry out this reasoning is a terrestrial heat exchange type house.
However, the house of this type requires for heat exchange purposes wind tunnels of which floor area is substantially equal to that of the house, making the space of the wind tunnel enormo~lsly large, increasing time and labor needed to dig the ground, having a weakness that the storage of heat under the ground cannot be satisfactorily realized when the size of the house to be warmed and the effect of warming are taken into consideration~ not to mention the defects such as water leakage and/or permeation of water. Wet air of sufficiently high temperature is not easily available according to such subterranean heat exchange.
Heat emitted in the initial stage of the nighttime warming which lasts -from two to three hours is relatively substantial. Ilowever, as the subterranean temperature goes down, and particularly at the final phase o~ the warming operation~ warming capacity becomes so weakened that the emitted heat is very
sackground o~ the Invention This invention is directed to a warmer apparatus utilizing a heat exchange apparatus which may be used in horticulture -facilities, and more particularly to a warmer apparatus for use in horticulture facilities i.n which is incorporated the said exchange apparatus utilizing the solar heat.
The present invention concerns a warmer apparatus utilizing a heat exchange apparatus which for example causes heat generated in a greenhouse during the day to be absorbed by circulating water in order to stock such heat in water tanks and then let such stored heat discharged or emitted to effect warming of the greenhouse during the night lYithout utilizing any artificially created heat source, or a heat exchange apparatus for heating or air cooling purpose which utilizes hot spring water or subterranean water.
This invention therefore relates to a warmer apparatus in which there are provided said heat exchange apparatus of specially designed water-air counter flow type operated highly effectively at a slight difference of temperatures of water and air and heat storage means comprising water tank units linked with each other, said heat exchange apparatus and heat storage means are connected by piping means, wherein water is employed as a medium and also as a regenera-tive source.
The background Oe one embodiment of the invention will be briefly described first. Needless to say, horticulture facilities o:f any country are indispensable to its national life. Even since the so-called oil-shock, saving of fuels of the petroleum family consumed in heating has become one of the most important and urgent problems. In order to cope with the problem, the saving of petroleum is being tried in one direction which comprises an efficiency improvement and lowering of the load, for example devalopment of high performance warmer apparatus, improved use of warmer apparatus, lessening .
~ '3'~
of the load in the warmer apparatus through thermal ~nsulation and so :Forth.
One of the most e~pected means for attaining the abovedescribed object that will be accepted generally is the utilization of the solar heat.
In addition, exploitation of the wind power, terrestrial heat, scrap wood, coal or natural gas to replace petroleum is being studied. Of these, it is needless to say that the use of the solar heat is the most universal.
In those areas of Japan where horticulture facilities are in use, for example, there is so much irradiation of the solar heat into the greenhouse during the day throughout the season when the warming and thermal insulation are required, the solar heat being sufficient to secure the energy required for the night time warming, ~hich suggests t]le possibilitiy of positively utilizing the solar heat.
A given temperature may be grasped as a heat conversion source, a greenhouse or the like itself being employed as a heat collecting means. One method to carry out this reasoning is a terrestrial heat exchange type house.
However, the house of this type requires for heat exchange purposes wind tunnels of which floor area is substantially equal to that of the house, making the space of the wind tunnel enormo~lsly large, increasing time and labor needed to dig the ground, having a weakness that the storage of heat under the ground cannot be satisfactorily realized when the size of the house to be warmed and the effect of warming are taken into consideration~ not to mention the defects such as water leakage and/or permeation of water. Wet air of sufficiently high temperature is not easily available according to such subterranean heat exchange.
Heat emitted in the initial stage of the nighttime warming which lasts -from two to three hours is relatively substantial. Ilowever, as the subterranean temperature goes down, and particularly at the final phase o~ the warming operation~ warming capacity becomes so weakened that the emitted heat is very
- 2 -~ 3s3~
little. Furthermore, there is a need to supply a large quantity of air to the long piping of big diameter under the ground, so that the power required by the blower must be large.
Summary of the Invention It is therefore a general object o~ this invention to provide a warmer apparatus of horticulture facilities and the like in which is incorporated a heat exchange apparatus capable of e~ficiently stocking heat such as solar heat and exchanging the stored heat with water.
1~ In one embodiment of the invention to achieve afore-described object, a warmer apparatus for horticulture facilities utilizing solar heat comprises in combination a heat exchange means of a water-air counterflow type for selectively transferring heat from solar heated air in a greenhouse to unheated storage water in a pair of heat storage tanks and transferring heat from heated storage water in the tanks to unheated air in the greenhouse; a piping means connecting the pair of heat storage tanks to each other and connecting the tanks to khe heat exchange means for transporting the storage water to and from the heat exchange means and between the tanks; a valve means in the piping means ~or selectively controlling the flow of the storage water from the heat storage tanks to the heat exchange means;
a pump means connected to the piping means for pumping the storage water between the heat exchange means and the heat storage tanks; a first sensor means in the greenhouse for detecting t.he temperature of the air within the greenhouse; a second sensor means associated with the heat storage tanks for detecting the temperature of the storage water in the heat storage tanks; and
little. Furthermore, there is a need to supply a large quantity of air to the long piping of big diameter under the ground, so that the power required by the blower must be large.
Summary of the Invention It is therefore a general object o~ this invention to provide a warmer apparatus of horticulture facilities and the like in which is incorporated a heat exchange apparatus capable of e~ficiently stocking heat such as solar heat and exchanging the stored heat with water.
1~ In one embodiment of the invention to achieve afore-described object, a warmer apparatus for horticulture facilities utilizing solar heat comprises in combination a heat exchange means of a water-air counterflow type for selectively transferring heat from solar heated air in a greenhouse to unheated storage water in a pair of heat storage tanks and transferring heat from heated storage water in the tanks to unheated air in the greenhouse; a piping means connecting the pair of heat storage tanks to each other and connecting the tanks to khe heat exchange means for transporting the storage water to and from the heat exchange means and between the tanks; a valve means in the piping means ~or selectively controlling the flow of the storage water from the heat storage tanks to the heat exchange means;
a pump means connected to the piping means for pumping the storage water between the heat exchange means and the heat storage tanks; a first sensor means in the greenhouse for detecting t.he temperature of the air within the greenhouse; a second sensor means associated with the heat storage tanks for detecting the temperature of the storage water in the heat storage tanks; and
3 -..:.;,, a control means connected and responsive to the first and second sensor means to start and stop operation of the heat exchange means and the pump means and to operate the valve means to transfer heat from the air in the greenhouse to khe storage water in the heat storage tanks until the water is heated to a desired temperature and to transfer heat in the storage water in the storage tanks to the air in the greenhouse until the heat in the storage water falls to a selected temperature.
The following is a description by way of example of one embodiment of the present invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which:-Figure 1 is a flow chart of a day time heat collectingoperation of a warmer apparatus; and Figure 2 is a flow chart of a night time warrming operation o~ the warmer apparatus.
Description of the Prefe'rr'e'd'Embo'd'ime'nt A preferred embodiment o the present in~ention will now be described referring to Figures 1 and 2.
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Figure 1 is a flow chart of the day time heat collecting operation, and Figure 2 a flow chart of the night time warming operation. In a greenhouse A, there are provided as heat collecting and heat discharge means a heat exchange apparatus 41, a circulating pump 48 and a control unit 46, linked heat storage tanks B, B' as means for stocking heat, with wa~er flow change- -over valves D, D' provided to piping C, C' which connect the heat storage tanks and the heat exchange apparatus 41.
The heat e~change apparatus 41 is provided with, at its upper central part, a blower 42, an air inlet 43 at its upper part and internally of its internai periphery, and an air outlet 44 at its upper part and externally of its internal periphery, with its central part formed hollow, and -further, internally of its internal periphery, the said heat exchange apparatus 41 is provided with a heat exchange unit of a counterflow type, and a control means (control circuit not shown) comprises a detector means comprising a house temperature sensor 45 attached to an appropriate location in the greenhouse A
and sensors E, E' attached to heat storage tanks and a control unit 46 which controls the blower 42, circulating pump 48 and an auxiliary heat source (not shown~ upon comparison of the reading of the detector means ~md a set point.
Such a heat exchange device was disclosed and described in the Canadian Patent 2Q Appliction of ~essrs. Kuwa, M.; Kamanaka, R.; and Nihei, T., filed on 24 September 19813 s~ la l ~, 3 8~, 5~ ~
~s indicated, in that heat exchange device there may be provided internally of a longitudinal cylindrical main body formed with a bottom an internal cylinder having a diameter smaller than that of the main body in such a manner that there is provided a desired space between the lower part of the internal cylinder and the bottom of the main body, a wind guide of conical shape is provided to the central part of the lower bottom of the main body, a blower
The following is a description by way of example of one embodiment of the present invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which:-Figure 1 is a flow chart of a day time heat collectingoperation of a warmer apparatus; and Figure 2 is a flow chart of a night time warrming operation o~ the warmer apparatus.
Description of the Prefe'rr'e'd'Embo'd'ime'nt A preferred embodiment o the present in~ention will now be described referring to Figures 1 and 2.
,~ .
~t''` ~ - 3a -, :. .. . .. .
3~
Figure 1 is a flow chart of the day time heat collecting operation, and Figure 2 a flow chart of the night time warming operation. In a greenhouse A, there are provided as heat collecting and heat discharge means a heat exchange apparatus 41, a circulating pump 48 and a control unit 46, linked heat storage tanks B, B' as means for stocking heat, with wa~er flow change- -over valves D, D' provided to piping C, C' which connect the heat storage tanks and the heat exchange apparatus 41.
The heat e~change apparatus 41 is provided with, at its upper central part, a blower 42, an air inlet 43 at its upper part and internally of its internai periphery, and an air outlet 44 at its upper part and externally of its internal periphery, with its central part formed hollow, and -further, internally of its internal periphery, the said heat exchange apparatus 41 is provided with a heat exchange unit of a counterflow type, and a control means (control circuit not shown) comprises a detector means comprising a house temperature sensor 45 attached to an appropriate location in the greenhouse A
and sensors E, E' attached to heat storage tanks and a control unit 46 which controls the blower 42, circulating pump 48 and an auxiliary heat source (not shown~ upon comparison of the reading of the detector means ~md a set point.
Such a heat exchange device was disclosed and described in the Canadian Patent 2Q Appliction of ~essrs. Kuwa, M.; Kamanaka, R.; and Nihei, T., filed on 24 September 19813 s~ la l ~, 3 8~, 5~ ~
~s indicated, in that heat exchange device there may be provided internally of a longitudinal cylindrical main body formed with a bottom an internal cylinder having a diameter smaller than that of the main body in such a manner that there is provided a desired space between the lower part of the internal cylinder and the bottom of the main body, a wind guide of conical shape is provided to the central part of the lower bottom of the main body, a blower
- 4 -42 is provided in an upper part of the internal cylinder, an air intake 43 is provided above said internal tube, a plurality of air exhaust tubes 4~ are radially provided at the upper end portion of the space between the main body and the internal cylinder J ring shaped upper and lower heat exchange compart-ments are separately formed in such a manner that chambers are formed between the upper and lower heat exchange compartments, on the upper heat exchange compartment and under the lower heat exchange compartment, with upper and lower charnbers being connected to communicate with each other, multiple winding concentric coil tubes are accommodated in the upper and lower heat exchange compartments, ends of upper and lower coil tubes are arranged so that outer coil tubes and inner coil tubes may be successively connected, ends of upper coil tubes are connected to a header in the upper chamber and ends of lower coil tubes to a header in the lower chamber, water supply tube is connected to a water inlet of the upper header and a water discharge tube to a water outle-t of the lower header.
The circulating pump 48 circulates ~ater in piping connecting the heat exchange unit of the heat exchange apparatus 41 and the linked heat stor-age tanks which communicate with the heat exchange unit, while there is pro-vided a by-pass valve 47 rom near an inlet and an outlet o:E the circulating pump 48 to vary the flow rate of water in the piping. ~urther, by means of change-over valves D, D' it is possible to change over the flow of water in heat storage tanks B, B' to forward and reverse directions.
With the apparatus of the present embodiment being structured as described above, the sensor 45 which detects the temperature o-f the greenhouse may be attached to the body of the apparatus or separately to a suitable place in the greenhouse. The sensor vf the greenhouse temperature operates to start heat collection if a set temperature for heating collecting (for example 25C) is reached during the day, and when the temperature is below that, both the blower and the pump are stopped.
During the night, the operation starts when the greenhouse tempera-ture is below a set temperature for warming (~or example 10C), and when the greenhouse temperature is above the set temperature, the ~lower and the pump stop their operation.
By such an arrangement, there i5 a technical e-ffect that unnecessary waste of electric power and dissipation of the heat stored in the water are avoided.
During the day, the heat of comparatively high temperature retained by air in the upper space of the greenhouse A is transferred to circulating water by the heat exchange apparatus 41, warm water is then introduced into heat storage tanks B, B' to carry out a phase of heat collecting and storing.
In heat storing during the day, the flow of circulating water in the heat storage tank is indicated, as seen in the flow chart of the day time heat collecting opera~ion of Figure 1, by a dark arrow which denotes the :Elow direc-tion of water at the time of heat collecting.
During the night, water which stocked heat durin~ the day is pumped out of the heat storage tanks B, Bl, led to the heat exchange apparatus, and exchanges heat with air in the greenhouse, with warmed air being discharged through the air outlet 44 to warm the greenhouse.
In collecting the heat during the day, air of comparatively high temperature ~25 to 30C) in the upper part of the greenhouse and circulating water flow in a counterflow fashion, and circulating water is warmed to a temperature which is close to the temperature of the gree-nhouse into which it is introduced. ~àrmed water is introduced into the linked heat storage tanks B, B' as heat storage ~ater, and in the heat storage tank B (the first water ~ 6 -. .
', . '' ~ . '' . :
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tank), water moves from the upper part of the tank to the lower part thereof, with cold water ~n said tank being transferred to the heat storage tank B' ~the second water tank). When the heat storage tank B is filled with warm water, said warm water moves to the tank B'. In this manner of transfer, heat storage tanks are successively filled with water, and the heat is stored in these tanks.
In discharging heat at night, the flow of circulating water in heat storage tanks is indicated, as seen in the flow chart of night time warming operation of Figure 2, by a hollow arrow which denotes the flow direction of water at the time of warnling. ~uite contrary to the day time operation, water is pumped out of the tank B. In the heat exchange apparatus, air in the green-house and circulating water as heat storage water are caused to flow in a counterflow manner as during the day time, and circulating water which has been warmed to a temperature near the greenhouse temperature during the day is cooled down to comparatively low temperature of the greenhouse (8 to 12C), and by this circulation of ~ater, heat retained by~warm water is utilized. ~y virtue of the temperature difference between warm water and cool water which is Sue-ficiently large, the volume of the heat storage tank is 1/3 to 1/~ compared to the tank of a known sys*em to obtain the same amount of stored heat.
Furthermore, comparatively large amount of air is caused to flow so that relatively high temperature of air and water, or more specifically log-mean temperature difference, may be obtained~ thus enabling an economic selection of heat conducting area.
Further explanation of the control of the apparatus will finally be added. When heat collecting conditions deteriorate during the day, the green-house temperature sensor detects the greenhouse temperature to prevent low temperature circulating water from flowing into heat storage tanks to regulate 3'~' operation of the apparatus so as to stop operation of the apparatus at green-house temperature which is below the set point while during the night the blower and the pump automatically begin the heat discharge operation when the green-house temperature is belo~ a desired temperature. When the greenhouse temperature rises, the apparatus halts and an effective utilization of heat stoTing water is reali~ed. The sensor of water temperature terminates operation o~ the apparatus when heat storing water is sufficiently warmed during the day, and when low temperature heat storing water flows during the night and loses its warming capacity, the said sensor also discontinues operation of the apparatus. By this arrangement, unnecessary consumption of power is checked, decrease of the function of the apparatus is thus prevented.
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The circulating pump 48 circulates ~ater in piping connecting the heat exchange unit of the heat exchange apparatus 41 and the linked heat stor-age tanks which communicate with the heat exchange unit, while there is pro-vided a by-pass valve 47 rom near an inlet and an outlet o:E the circulating pump 48 to vary the flow rate of water in the piping. ~urther, by means of change-over valves D, D' it is possible to change over the flow of water in heat storage tanks B, B' to forward and reverse directions.
With the apparatus of the present embodiment being structured as described above, the sensor 45 which detects the temperature o-f the greenhouse may be attached to the body of the apparatus or separately to a suitable place in the greenhouse. The sensor vf the greenhouse temperature operates to start heat collection if a set temperature for heating collecting (for example 25C) is reached during the day, and when the temperature is below that, both the blower and the pump are stopped.
During the night, the operation starts when the greenhouse tempera-ture is below a set temperature for warming (~or example 10C), and when the greenhouse temperature is above the set temperature, the ~lower and the pump stop their operation.
By such an arrangement, there i5 a technical e-ffect that unnecessary waste of electric power and dissipation of the heat stored in the water are avoided.
During the day, the heat of comparatively high temperature retained by air in the upper space of the greenhouse A is transferred to circulating water by the heat exchange apparatus 41, warm water is then introduced into heat storage tanks B, B' to carry out a phase of heat collecting and storing.
In heat storing during the day, the flow of circulating water in the heat storage tank is indicated, as seen in the flow chart of the day time heat collecting opera~ion of Figure 1, by a dark arrow which denotes the :Elow direc-tion of water at the time of heat collecting.
During the night, water which stocked heat durin~ the day is pumped out of the heat storage tanks B, Bl, led to the heat exchange apparatus, and exchanges heat with air in the greenhouse, with warmed air being discharged through the air outlet 44 to warm the greenhouse.
In collecting the heat during the day, air of comparatively high temperature ~25 to 30C) in the upper part of the greenhouse and circulating water flow in a counterflow fashion, and circulating water is warmed to a temperature which is close to the temperature of the gree-nhouse into which it is introduced. ~àrmed water is introduced into the linked heat storage tanks B, B' as heat storage ~ater, and in the heat storage tank B (the first water ~ 6 -. .
', . '' ~ . '' . :
.
,. . ~ . :
.
tank), water moves from the upper part of the tank to the lower part thereof, with cold water ~n said tank being transferred to the heat storage tank B' ~the second water tank). When the heat storage tank B is filled with warm water, said warm water moves to the tank B'. In this manner of transfer, heat storage tanks are successively filled with water, and the heat is stored in these tanks.
In discharging heat at night, the flow of circulating water in heat storage tanks is indicated, as seen in the flow chart of night time warming operation of Figure 2, by a hollow arrow which denotes the flow direction of water at the time of warnling. ~uite contrary to the day time operation, water is pumped out of the tank B. In the heat exchange apparatus, air in the green-house and circulating water as heat storage water are caused to flow in a counterflow manner as during the day time, and circulating water which has been warmed to a temperature near the greenhouse temperature during the day is cooled down to comparatively low temperature of the greenhouse (8 to 12C), and by this circulation of ~ater, heat retained by~warm water is utilized. ~y virtue of the temperature difference between warm water and cool water which is Sue-ficiently large, the volume of the heat storage tank is 1/3 to 1/~ compared to the tank of a known sys*em to obtain the same amount of stored heat.
Furthermore, comparatively large amount of air is caused to flow so that relatively high temperature of air and water, or more specifically log-mean temperature difference, may be obtained~ thus enabling an economic selection of heat conducting area.
Further explanation of the control of the apparatus will finally be added. When heat collecting conditions deteriorate during the day, the green-house temperature sensor detects the greenhouse temperature to prevent low temperature circulating water from flowing into heat storage tanks to regulate 3'~' operation of the apparatus so as to stop operation of the apparatus at green-house temperature which is below the set point while during the night the blower and the pump automatically begin the heat discharge operation when the green-house temperature is belo~ a desired temperature. When the greenhouse temperature rises, the apparatus halts and an effective utilization of heat stoTing water is reali~ed. The sensor of water temperature terminates operation o~ the apparatus when heat storing water is sufficiently warmed during the day, and when low temperature heat storing water flows during the night and loses its warming capacity, the said sensor also discontinues operation of the apparatus. By this arrangement, unnecessary consumption of power is checked, decrease of the function of the apparatus is thus prevented.
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Claims
1. A warmer apparatus for horticulture facilities utilizing solar heat comprising in combination:
a heat exchange means of a water-air counterflow type for selectively transferring heat from solar heated air in a greenhouse to unheated storage water in a pair of heat storage tanks and transferring heat from heated storage water in said tanks to unheated air in said greenhouse;
a piping means connecting said pair of heat storage tanks to each other and connecting said tanks to said heat exchange means for transporting said storage water to and from said heat exchange means and between said tanks;
a valve means in said piping means for selectively controlling the flow of said storage water from said heat storage tanks to said heat exchange means;
a pump means connected to said piping means for pumping said storage water between said heat exchange means and said heat storage tanks;
a first sensor means in said greenhouse for detecting the temperature of said air within said greenhouse;
a second sensor means associated with said heat storage tanks for detecting the temperature of said storage water in said heat storage tanks; and a control means connected and responsive to said first and second sensor means to start and stop operation of said heat exchange means and said pump means and to operate said valve means to transfer heat from the air in said greenhouse to said storage water in said heat storage tanks until said water is heated to a desired temperature and to transfer heat in said storage water in said storage tanks to the air in said greenhouse until the heat in said storage water falls to a selected temperature.
a heat exchange means of a water-air counterflow type for selectively transferring heat from solar heated air in a greenhouse to unheated storage water in a pair of heat storage tanks and transferring heat from heated storage water in said tanks to unheated air in said greenhouse;
a piping means connecting said pair of heat storage tanks to each other and connecting said tanks to said heat exchange means for transporting said storage water to and from said heat exchange means and between said tanks;
a valve means in said piping means for selectively controlling the flow of said storage water from said heat storage tanks to said heat exchange means;
a pump means connected to said piping means for pumping said storage water between said heat exchange means and said heat storage tanks;
a first sensor means in said greenhouse for detecting the temperature of said air within said greenhouse;
a second sensor means associated with said heat storage tanks for detecting the temperature of said storage water in said heat storage tanks; and a control means connected and responsive to said first and second sensor means to start and stop operation of said heat exchange means and said pump means and to operate said valve means to transfer heat from the air in said greenhouse to said storage water in said heat storage tanks until said water is heated to a desired temperature and to transfer heat in said storage water in said storage tanks to the air in said greenhouse until the heat in said storage water falls to a selected temperature.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP135809/1980 | 1980-10-01 | ||
| JP55135809A JPS5762361A (en) | 1980-10-01 | 1980-10-01 | Heater device using solar energy for nurcery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1169397A true CA1169397A (en) | 1984-06-19 |
Family
ID=15160321
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000386959A Expired CA1169397A (en) | 1980-10-01 | 1981-09-30 | Warmer apparatus for horticulture facilities utilizing the solar heat |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4454862A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5762361A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1169397A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58198227A (en) * | 1982-04-28 | 1983-11-18 | 日立プラント建設株式会社 | Heat storing apparatus of greenhouse |
| US6968637B1 (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2005-11-29 | Nike, Inc. | Sole-mounted footwear stability system |
| EP1707912A1 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2006-10-04 | Fiwihex B.V. | Heat exchanger and greenhouse |
| NL1029280C1 (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-19 | Fiwihex B V | Housing with a cooling. |
| CN113475272A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-10-08 | 恩施不亦乐乎科技农业有限公司 | Novel energy-saving greenhouse production environment control device based on heat storage heat pump |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2417253B1 (en) * | 1978-02-17 | 1988-11-25 | Comte Paul | METHODS AND DEVICES FOR AIR CONDITIONING GREENHOUSES |
| DE2855154A1 (en) * | 1978-12-20 | 1980-06-26 | Lamm Helmut | FILM HALL |
| US4289116A (en) * | 1979-10-16 | 1981-09-15 | Meadowbrook Resort, Inc. | Solar heating system for a greenhouse or other building |
-
1980
- 1980-10-01 JP JP55135809A patent/JPS5762361A/en active Pending
-
1981
- 1981-09-21 US US06/304,074 patent/US4454862A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1981-09-30 CA CA000386959A patent/CA1169397A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5762361A (en) | 1982-04-15 |
| US4454862A (en) | 1984-06-19 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |