CA1168416A - Process for manufacturing lignocellulosic material fibreboard - Google Patents
Process for manufacturing lignocellulosic material fibreboardInfo
- Publication number
- CA1168416A CA1168416A CA000382881A CA382881A CA1168416A CA 1168416 A CA1168416 A CA 1168416A CA 000382881 A CA000382881 A CA 000382881A CA 382881 A CA382881 A CA 382881A CA 1168416 A CA1168416 A CA 1168416A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- fibre
- binder mixture
- solids content
- urea
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J161/00—Adhesives based on condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J161/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
- C09J161/22—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
- C09J161/24—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds with urea or thiourea
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A process for manufacturing lignocellulosic material fibre-board, wherein the fibre impregnation step is effected after drying thereof. Said impregnation is effected with a binder mixture having a resin solids content of about 50% and a viscosity at 25°C of less than 30 cps, prepared from a tack free urea-formaldehyde resin having a solids content of 60%
to 70%, a viscosity at 25°C lying between 150 and 300 cps and a free formaldehyde value of less than 1%.
A process for manufacturing lignocellulosic material fibre-board, wherein the fibre impregnation step is effected after drying thereof. Said impregnation is effected with a binder mixture having a resin solids content of about 50% and a viscosity at 25°C of less than 30 cps, prepared from a tack free urea-formaldehyde resin having a solids content of 60%
to 70%, a viscosity at 25°C lying between 150 and 300 cps and a free formaldehyde value of less than 1%.
Description
~ ~ 6 3 5 " ~ O ~
This inve~tio~ relates to a proceQs for manufacturing lignocellulosic material fibreboard~ comprising the ~teps o~
preparing a bind~r mixture, proviai~g a lignocellulo~ic material~ shredding said material, dige~ting ~aid shredded material, grinding the resulting product, drying the fibre, impregnQting the fibre with said bi~aer mixture and pressi~g it.
The currcnt practice is ~or the m~nu~acturer o~ this type of ~ibreboard to u~e a binder mixture obtainea from a urea-formaldehyde resin prepared i~ turn from a co~mercially available urea-~ormaldehyde preco~densate.
Urea-~ormaldehyde precondensates are commercial high ooncentratio~ formaldehyde solutions, stabilised with urea.
A resin is prepared from the precondensate 9 by reaction with urea (or urea and melamine) and this re~n ~s used to prepare a binder mix~ure with which the ligno¢ellulosic materia1 fibre is impregnated (normally soft woodq are u~ed, such as pine, eucalyptus, poplar9 etc., but other ~oods and products such a~ bagasse, straw, etc. may be u~ed) and the impregnated fibre i~ trans~erred thereafter to a preQ~, where the fibreboard i~ prepared by heat ( by hot fluids flo~ing through the pre S3 platen or by electrical system3: elements, high frequency) and pressure. Ne~ertheless, ~everal disadvantageY are encountered in this proces~.
'~
: -- 2 --~6s~4 In the first placef there i~ a high degree of instability, sI~ce the res m remai~ ~table for a period o~ less tha~ 48 hours.
In the second place9 the fibre is not correctly i~pregnatea, since the instability of the re~in ~ea~s that its degree of polymerization increa~es with time, ~aking it impossible to obtain correct, ~table fibre impregnstion conditions. This incorreet i~pregnation gives rise to the appearance of binder - mixture stai~s on the fibreboard surface~ with the disadvantage (apart from the irregular visual appearanoe of the board surface) of causing problems at the time of applying ~inishes such as pa mt, Yarnish, plastified papers, etc., by the different degree of absorption in the areas showing dry resin stains relative to the unstained areasO
In the third place, there are problems i~ the tra~sfer of the impregnated fibre, since the incorrect fibre impregnation ~nd the high degree of tack of the resin used cause~ the formation of lumps of bonded fibre (balls of bonded fibre) giving rise to serious problems in the transfer 9y9tem9 (air or mechanical) of the impregn~ted fibre to the press.
To solve the above problem~, the invention provides a proces~ of the above mentioned type characteri~ed essentially in that said binder mixture is prepared ~rom a tack free urea-~ormalaehyde resin having a solid~ content lying between 60~ and 70%, preferably 65%, having at 25C, for a 65% solids content9 a vi8c08ity lying betwee~ 150 and 300 Cp8 and a free formaldehyde ~slue o~ less than 1~, prefersbly.lying be-t~een .,. ~
_ 3 _ ~ ~6,~
0.45% and 0.65%~ to which resin th~re i9 added water at a rate o~ 25% to 30% by weight of the re~in and about 0~2~o of ammonium chloride or sulphate a~ catalyst. The re ulting binder mi~ture ha~ a resi~ solids content o~ about 50% and a YiSCosity at 25~C of less than 30 cps.
In a ~urther development, from 1 to 15 ~ of the urea in the resin is replaced by a product having a similar chemical behaviour, preferably melamine or dicyandiamide.
The fibreboard produced by the process a~ the i~ve~tion provides important Improvements over the hitherto known ~ibreboards7 particularly in comparison ~ith particle board.
The following advantages may be pointed out:
A homogenous appearance of the surface and the inside of the board. ~his homogenousness even allows mouldings to be made in it.
Greater bending strength.
Greater resistence to removal of screws in the board.
A~ saia above, the resin used for the preparation of the bi~der mixture h~s a solid~ content lying bet~een 60% and 70 pre~erably 6~o and at 25C, for a 65~ solids content, it has a ~isco~ity of 150-300 cps.
I~ certain cases, there may be an economic intere~t in prepar m g a similar resin~ but with a lower solid~ content ~e.g.
wh~n the resin is to be used at a point close to where it i~
menu~actured, the slight increase in the carriage costs resulting from the greater product weight may be compensated by the reduction o~ the energy required for concentrating the resin). Such a re~in ~ith a 60% solid~ content ha~ a viscosity at 25 QC 0~ 80 to 140 cps.
~ 4 ~ ~
In spite of the~e low viscosity values which would indicate (for resin~ ha~i~g ~imilar solids content3 a~d form~ldehyde and urea contents) that they are resins with a lo~ level of polymerization and having high ~ree form~ldehyde le~el~, there are obtained, surpris~ngly, ~ree for~aldehyde ~alues of le88 than ~, ~ore precisely, ~ying between 0.45 and 0.65%
(determination ef~ected with the traditional "cold sulphite' method).
When impreg~ati~g the ~ibre, the binder mixture behaves as though it had no tac~, such that there i~ avoided the ~ormation of l~mps or "balls" of bo~ded fibre~, giving ri~e to serious problems in the transfer (air or mechanical) of the bonded fibres, and there i~ a~oided also the appearance m the finished fibreboard of irregularities in the mechanical properties and appearance, which irregularities are caused by the arrival at the press of some of the~e lumps or ~ball9~ of bonded fibres.
To impregnate the dry fibre with re in, metering me~ns are required to regulate the proportions o~ the fibre and resin.
The weight ratio normally used is:
~eight dry resi~
- . . = 0.07 - 0.11 Weight dry fibre The impregnation i~ nor~ally effected at the outlet from the dryer using a continuously or intermittently operating ~ apparatus in whi~h the fibre i9 mechanic~lly (or pneumatically) stirred and the previously catalysed resin is sprayed thereon using sprayer~ operating by direct pres~ure9 c~mpressed air, etc :
;~ 5 -~ 6 .
XAMPI.~ 1 .
The b mder mixture was prepared with a urea-formaldehyde resin having a 301id~ content of 65%, a visc09ity at 25~
of 225 cps and a ~ree formaldehyde value of 0.50%, in a mixing .
vessel equipped with 3tirring means, in the way and proportio~s gi~en belo~.
100 parts m ~eight o~ the abo~e resi~ were poured into the p~eparation ve~el. Thereafter 28 parts in weight of water and
This inve~tio~ relates to a proceQs for manufacturing lignocellulosic material fibreboard~ comprising the ~teps o~
preparing a bind~r mixture, proviai~g a lignocellulo~ic material~ shredding said material, dige~ting ~aid shredded material, grinding the resulting product, drying the fibre, impregnQting the fibre with said bi~aer mixture and pressi~g it.
The currcnt practice is ~or the m~nu~acturer o~ this type of ~ibreboard to u~e a binder mixture obtainea from a urea-formaldehyde resin prepared i~ turn from a co~mercially available urea-~ormaldehyde preco~densate.
Urea-~ormaldehyde precondensates are commercial high ooncentratio~ formaldehyde solutions, stabilised with urea.
A resin is prepared from the precondensate 9 by reaction with urea (or urea and melamine) and this re~n ~s used to prepare a binder mix~ure with which the ligno¢ellulosic materia1 fibre is impregnated (normally soft woodq are u~ed, such as pine, eucalyptus, poplar9 etc., but other ~oods and products such a~ bagasse, straw, etc. may be u~ed) and the impregnated fibre i~ trans~erred thereafter to a preQ~, where the fibreboard i~ prepared by heat ( by hot fluids flo~ing through the pre S3 platen or by electrical system3: elements, high frequency) and pressure. Ne~ertheless, ~everal disadvantageY are encountered in this proces~.
'~
: -- 2 --~6s~4 In the first placef there i~ a high degree of instability, sI~ce the res m remai~ ~table for a period o~ less tha~ 48 hours.
In the second place9 the fibre is not correctly i~pregnatea, since the instability of the re~in ~ea~s that its degree of polymerization increa~es with time, ~aking it impossible to obtain correct, ~table fibre impregnstion conditions. This incorreet i~pregnation gives rise to the appearance of binder - mixture stai~s on the fibreboard surface~ with the disadvantage (apart from the irregular visual appearanoe of the board surface) of causing problems at the time of applying ~inishes such as pa mt, Yarnish, plastified papers, etc., by the different degree of absorption in the areas showing dry resin stains relative to the unstained areasO
In the third place, there are problems i~ the tra~sfer of the impregnated fibre, since the incorrect fibre impregnation ~nd the high degree of tack of the resin used cause~ the formation of lumps of bonded fibre (balls of bonded fibre) giving rise to serious problems in the transfer 9y9tem9 (air or mechanical) of the impregn~ted fibre to the press.
To solve the above problem~, the invention provides a proces~ of the above mentioned type characteri~ed essentially in that said binder mixture is prepared ~rom a tack free urea-~ormalaehyde resin having a solid~ content lying between 60~ and 70%, preferably 65%, having at 25C, for a 65% solids content9 a vi8c08ity lying betwee~ 150 and 300 Cp8 and a free formaldehyde ~slue o~ less than 1~, prefersbly.lying be-t~een .,. ~
_ 3 _ ~ ~6,~
0.45% and 0.65%~ to which resin th~re i9 added water at a rate o~ 25% to 30% by weight of the re~in and about 0~2~o of ammonium chloride or sulphate a~ catalyst. The re ulting binder mi~ture ha~ a resi~ solids content o~ about 50% and a YiSCosity at 25~C of less than 30 cps.
In a ~urther development, from 1 to 15 ~ of the urea in the resin is replaced by a product having a similar chemical behaviour, preferably melamine or dicyandiamide.
The fibreboard produced by the process a~ the i~ve~tion provides important Improvements over the hitherto known ~ibreboards7 particularly in comparison ~ith particle board.
The following advantages may be pointed out:
A homogenous appearance of the surface and the inside of the board. ~his homogenousness even allows mouldings to be made in it.
Greater bending strength.
Greater resistence to removal of screws in the board.
A~ saia above, the resin used for the preparation of the bi~der mixture h~s a solid~ content lying bet~een 60% and 70 pre~erably 6~o and at 25C, for a 65~ solids content, it has a ~isco~ity of 150-300 cps.
I~ certain cases, there may be an economic intere~t in prepar m g a similar resin~ but with a lower solid~ content ~e.g.
wh~n the resin is to be used at a point close to where it i~
menu~actured, the slight increase in the carriage costs resulting from the greater product weight may be compensated by the reduction o~ the energy required for concentrating the resin). Such a re~in ~ith a 60% solid~ content ha~ a viscosity at 25 QC 0~ 80 to 140 cps.
~ 4 ~ ~
In spite of the~e low viscosity values which would indicate (for resin~ ha~i~g ~imilar solids content3 a~d form~ldehyde and urea contents) that they are resins with a lo~ level of polymerization and having high ~ree form~ldehyde le~el~, there are obtained, surpris~ngly, ~ree for~aldehyde ~alues of le88 than ~, ~ore precisely, ~ying between 0.45 and 0.65%
(determination ef~ected with the traditional "cold sulphite' method).
When impreg~ati~g the ~ibre, the binder mixture behaves as though it had no tac~, such that there i~ avoided the ~ormation of l~mps or "balls" of bo~ded fibre~, giving ri~e to serious problems in the transfer (air or mechanical) of the bonded fibres, and there i~ a~oided also the appearance m the finished fibreboard of irregularities in the mechanical properties and appearance, which irregularities are caused by the arrival at the press of some of the~e lumps or ~ball9~ of bonded fibres.
To impregnate the dry fibre with re in, metering me~ns are required to regulate the proportions o~ the fibre and resin.
The weight ratio normally used is:
~eight dry resi~
- . . = 0.07 - 0.11 Weight dry fibre The impregnation i~ nor~ally effected at the outlet from the dryer using a continuously or intermittently operating ~ apparatus in whi~h the fibre i9 mechanic~lly (or pneumatically) stirred and the previously catalysed resin is sprayed thereon using sprayer~ operating by direct pres~ure9 c~mpressed air, etc :
;~ 5 -~ 6 .
XAMPI.~ 1 .
The b mder mixture was prepared with a urea-formaldehyde resin having a 301id~ content of 65%, a visc09ity at 25~
of 225 cps and a ~ree formaldehyde value of 0.50%, in a mixing .
vessel equipped with 3tirring means, in the way and proportio~s gi~en belo~.
100 parts m ~eight o~ the abo~e resi~ were poured into the p~eparation ve~el. Thereafter 28 parts in weight of water and
2 parts m weight of 10% ammonium sulphate were added (the same effects are achieved with 1.8 parts i~ weight oi 10 ammonium chloride) and stirred. The thus prepared resin solution has a gelling time at 100C of 2 minutes and good stability on the shelf at 20QC. The viscosity of the binder mixture i~ 30 cp~ and the resin solids content i9 50%.
EXAMp~E 2 Impregnation of dry fibre with the mixture prepared accordin~
to Example 1.
The fibre used was a mixture of pine and poplar wood chip~, at a rate of 90~ and 10~ respectively.
~ he fibre was pretreated with a paraf~in emulsion. The amount of paraffin ~upplied over the dry fibre wa3 1% paraffin solids .
~` , ' .' , ~ ` ' , ' .
6~
A fibre charge of 6,000 g with a 5% moisture level was prepared. ~he corresponding amount of binder mixture was 912 g, 6,912 g o~ bonded ~ibre were obtained.
EX~PLE 3 ~ he fibre impregnatea accordi~g to the previous example (fibre dried be~ore impregnation) was used for the manufacture o~ fibreboard ~ith the following proces~.
The impregnated fibre was moulded in a 500 x 500 mm laboratory ~ormer. It was prepressed cold in a 500 x 500 mm SrEMPELKAMP laboratory press for 60 sec at a pressure of 15 kg/cm2. ~he edges of the block were trimmed to 450 x 450 mm prior to hot pressing.
The 6.912 g of impregnated ~ibre were ~ufficient to prepare a finished board measuring 450 x 450 mm by 17 mm thick, with a density of 720 kg/m3.
The pressing of the cold prepressed fibre block~ wa~
effected in a SIEMPE~KAMP laboratory press, ha~ing both platens electrically heated to a temperature of 180QC, under a pressure of 23 kg/cm 9 with automatic ~entilation device.
; The pressing time was 6 minutes.
After sanding the boards, the re~ults were as follo~:
~.~L6~
SPECIFICATIONS OF THE BOARD
Thick~ess mm 16.1 Density K ~m3 715 Bending strength kg/cm2 345 Tensile strength k ~cm2 8.2 Absorptio~ in ~ater at 20QC % 10.5 Swell~ng in water at 20QC ~ 3.7 Resistence to screw removal on sur~ace kg 145 Resi~tence to screw remo~al m edge kg 115 The above texts were ef~ected with fibreboards manufactured with den~ities set to a particular value. They may al~o be m~nufactured with densities other than those chosen, there `~
~arying in this case mainly the tensile strength values and the bending 3trength values to a lesser extent. These properties go down at lower den~ities and increase at hi~her den8itie8 .
' ' ::;
EXAMp~E 2 Impregnation of dry fibre with the mixture prepared accordin~
to Example 1.
The fibre used was a mixture of pine and poplar wood chip~, at a rate of 90~ and 10~ respectively.
~ he fibre was pretreated with a paraf~in emulsion. The amount of paraffin ~upplied over the dry fibre wa3 1% paraffin solids .
~` , ' .' , ~ ` ' , ' .
6~
A fibre charge of 6,000 g with a 5% moisture level was prepared. ~he corresponding amount of binder mixture was 912 g, 6,912 g o~ bonded ~ibre were obtained.
EX~PLE 3 ~ he fibre impregnatea accordi~g to the previous example (fibre dried be~ore impregnation) was used for the manufacture o~ fibreboard ~ith the following proces~.
The impregnated fibre was moulded in a 500 x 500 mm laboratory ~ormer. It was prepressed cold in a 500 x 500 mm SrEMPELKAMP laboratory press for 60 sec at a pressure of 15 kg/cm2. ~he edges of the block were trimmed to 450 x 450 mm prior to hot pressing.
The 6.912 g of impregnated ~ibre were ~ufficient to prepare a finished board measuring 450 x 450 mm by 17 mm thick, with a density of 720 kg/m3.
The pressing of the cold prepressed fibre block~ wa~
effected in a SIEMPE~KAMP laboratory press, ha~ing both platens electrically heated to a temperature of 180QC, under a pressure of 23 kg/cm 9 with automatic ~entilation device.
; The pressing time was 6 minutes.
After sanding the boards, the re~ults were as follo~:
~.~L6~
SPECIFICATIONS OF THE BOARD
Thick~ess mm 16.1 Density K ~m3 715 Bending strength kg/cm2 345 Tensile strength k ~cm2 8.2 Absorptio~ in ~ater at 20QC % 10.5 Swell~ng in water at 20QC ~ 3.7 Resistence to screw removal on sur~ace kg 145 Resi~tence to screw remo~al m edge kg 115 The above texts were ef~ected with fibreboards manufactured with den~ities set to a particular value. They may al~o be m~nufactured with densities other than those chosen, there `~
~arying in this case mainly the tensile strength values and the bending 3trength values to a lesser extent. These properties go down at lower den~ities and increase at hi~her den8itie8 .
' ' ::;
Claims (7)
PROPERTY OR PRIVII,EGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A process for manufacturing lignocellulosic material fibreboard, comprising the steps of preparing a binder mixture, providing a lignocellulosic material, shredding said materia1, digesting said shredded material, grinding the resulting product, drying the fibre, impregnating the dry fibre with said binder mixture and pressing it, wherein said binder mixture is prepared from a tack free urea-formaldehyde resin having a solids content lying between 60% and 70%, having at 25°C, for a resin solids content of 65%, a viscosity lying between 150 and 300 cps and a free formaldehyde value of less than 1%, to which resin there is added water in the amount of 25 to 30 weight % of resin and about 0.2% of ammonium chloride or sulphate as catalyst; the resulting binder mixture having a resin solids content of about 50% and a viscosity at 25°C of less than 30 cps.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the pressing step comprises a cold prepressing and a hot pressing in a platen press.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein the impregnation step takes place in an apparatus in which the fibre is stirred and the binder mixture is supplied by spraying.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein prior to impregnation, the material is treated with a paraffin emulsion, providing an amount of paraffin solids of about 1% by weight of the dry fibre.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of dry resin to dry fibre lies between 0.07 and 0.11.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein in the resin part of the urea, lying between 1 and 15%, has been replaced by melamine or dicyandiamide.
7. The process of claim 1, wherein said tack free urea-formaldehyde resin has a solids content of 65% and the free formaldehyde value lies between 0.45% and 0.65%.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES494,324 | 1980-08-18 | ||
| ES494324A ES494324A0 (en) | 1980-08-18 | 1980-08-18 | IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL FIBER BOARDS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1168416A true CA1168416A (en) | 1984-06-05 |
Family
ID=8480973
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000382881A Expired CA1168416A (en) | 1980-08-18 | 1981-07-30 | Process for manufacturing lignocellulosic material fibreboard |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AR (1) | AR229681A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT374518B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1168416A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3132467A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES494324A0 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX157313A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO156291C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE442102B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU615009B2 (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1991-09-19 | Isovolta Osterreichische Isolierstoffwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Process for manufacturing a compression-moulded synthetic resin object, possibly in board form, and fabricated material for use in said process |
-
1980
- 1980-08-18 ES ES494324A patent/ES494324A0/en active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-06-04 MX MX187639A patent/MX157313A/en unknown
- 1981-07-27 AT AT0330281A patent/AT374518B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-07-30 CA CA000382881A patent/CA1168416A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-08-06 AR AR286359A patent/AR229681A1/en active
- 1981-08-07 SE SE8104756A patent/SE442102B/en unknown
- 1981-08-14 NO NO812761A patent/NO156291C/en unknown
- 1981-08-17 DE DE19813132467 patent/DE3132467A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU615009B2 (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1991-09-19 | Isovolta Osterreichische Isolierstoffwerke Aktiengesellschaft | Process for manufacturing a compression-moulded synthetic resin object, possibly in board form, and fabricated material for use in said process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES8104065A1 (en) | 1981-04-01 |
| MX157313A (en) | 1988-11-15 |
| NO156291C (en) | 1987-08-26 |
| NO156291B (en) | 1987-05-18 |
| ATA330281A (en) | 1983-09-15 |
| AR229681A1 (en) | 1983-10-31 |
| ES494324A0 (en) | 1981-04-01 |
| DE3132467A1 (en) | 1982-06-03 |
| SE442102B (en) | 1985-12-02 |
| NO812761L (en) | 1982-02-19 |
| SE8104756L (en) | 1982-02-19 |
| AT374518B (en) | 1984-05-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |