CA1166036A - Methods of and machines for washing textile articles - Google Patents
Methods of and machines for washing textile articlesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1166036A CA1166036A CA000375555A CA375555A CA1166036A CA 1166036 A CA1166036 A CA 1166036A CA 000375555 A CA000375555 A CA 000375555A CA 375555 A CA375555 A CA 375555A CA 1166036 A CA1166036 A CA 1166036A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- washing
- articles
- agitation
- low temperature
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F35/00—Washing machines, apparatus, or methods not otherwise provided for
- D06F35/005—Methods for washing, rinsing or spin-drying
- D06F35/006—Methods for washing, rinsing or spin-drying for washing or rinsing only
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
- D06F34/08—Control circuits or arrangements thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
- D06F34/28—Arrangements for program selection, e.g. control panels therefor; Arrangements for indicating program parameters, e.g. the selected program or its progress
- D06F34/30—Arrangements for program selection, e.g. control panels therefor; Arrangements for indicating program parameters, e.g. the selected program or its progress characterised by mechanical features, e.g. buttons or rotary dials
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A method of washing textile articles in which, whilst the articles are immersed in a washing liquid, the liquid may be heated to a low temperature in the region of 30°C and is agitated for brief periods in the region of 15 to 60 seconds by reversals of a drum rotatable about a substantially horizontal axis and containing the liquid and articles in each of a succession of longer basic periods in the region of 5 to 20 minutes, all continuing over a period of 2 hours or longer. Prefer-ably increments of rotation are of different amounts in opposite directions respectively. A machine having a control means determining the temperature of the liquid and the durations of the basic periods and periods of agitation is also provided.
A method of washing textile articles in which, whilst the articles are immersed in a washing liquid, the liquid may be heated to a low temperature in the region of 30°C and is agitated for brief periods in the region of 15 to 60 seconds by reversals of a drum rotatable about a substantially horizontal axis and containing the liquid and articles in each of a succession of longer basic periods in the region of 5 to 20 minutes, all continuing over a period of 2 hours or longer. Prefer-ably increments of rotation are of different amounts in opposite directions respectively. A machine having a control means determining the temperature of the liquid and the durations of the basic periods and periods of agitation is also provided.
Description
) e~ 6/
This invention relates to a method o~ and machine for washing clothes or other textile articles.
Conventional washing machines comprise a body including a chamber containing a perforated drum mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis and having an open-ing at one end through which the articles can be loaded into the drum, the latter being driven by an electric motor usually in a cycle which involves rotation in one rotational sense and then rotation in the other rota-tional sense at a speed in which the articles undergo tumbling action in a washing liquid introduced into the chamber to a level such that the articles in the drum are immersed in the liquid. Such washing action is conti~ued for a relatively prolonged period and thereafter the washing liquid (which may contain a detergent) is pumped out of` the machine and the articles are subjected to at least one rinsing in f`resh water fed into the washing chamber after which it is pumped out, the articles being then subjected to centrifugal extraction by spinning the drum. Usually the rinsing and centri~ugal extraction operations are repeated twice more.
Whilst efficient washing of the articles can be achieved by this conventional method, it does consume a considerable amount of energy both by reason of the fact that the washing action is continued for an appreciable period, and in this actlon the load of articles is raised from the lowest point of` the drum to near its highest point repeatedly, and by reason of the fact that the drum undergoes reversals of rotation so that it has ko be repeatedly accelerated from rest to the "tumbling" speed.
The ability of automatic washing ma¢hines to clean articles of clothing and other textile articles is con-siderable. However the energy expended by such machines can make a washing process quite expensive. It would be desirable there~ore to provide in an automatic washing machine programme some washing event that enables the same cleanliness to result in the articles at the end o~
a washing programme with a reduced expenditure of energy.
It is known to soak articles to be washed for a long period, for example overnight, in cold water in washing liquid. However the dirt from the articles tends to form a scum on the surface of the ~ashing liquid and then when the washing liquid is subsequently pumped out of the machine before the articles are removed therefrom, the scum settles on the surface of the articles and causes streaks or tide marks, which in a subsequent washing operation are as difficult, if not more so, to remove from the articles than the original dirt.
The above described soaking technique has therefore not really provided a satisfactory answer to providing a more economical method of washing kextile articles and no longer finds the popularity with which it was first received.
Because of the rather unsatisfactory result of soak-ing articles as afore described, the tendency has been to provide shorter washing programmes which, since they are carried out for a briefer length of time, use consider-ably less energy and for some articles are quite satis-factory. However other articles made from different material, for example, or articles which by their nature of use are more soiled, may not reach a sufficient degree of cleanliness and require further washing.
V 3 ~
~4-The object of the present invent,ion is to provide a method of washing by means of which energy saving can be achieved without detriment to washirg performance, that has the ability to extract dirt from the articles under-going washing and thereafter remove it from the vicinity of the articles.
According to the present invention the method of washing textile articles comprises:
a. substantially immersing the articles in a washing liquid having a relatively low tempera-ture as herein defined, b. subjecting the washing liquid to agitation for a relatively brief period in each o~ a succession of longer basic periods over such time as is necessary to achieve removal of dirt from the articles into the washing liquid, c. removing the articles and washing liquid rela-tively from the immersed relation.
The term l'wrashing liquidl' includes water, water to which a detergent has been added, and water to which a biological agent has been added.
The number of considerably longer basic periods will be such that a sufficient time is allowed to remove dirt from the articles into the washing liquid.
The method preferably includes heating the washing liquid to a relatively low temperature. By "relatively low'l is meant a temperature above that at which unheated water available from normal domestic water systems is supplied and which generally is between 4C and 15C
depending upon climatic conditions, but not higher than is no more than pleasantly warm to the hand. Typically a llrelatively low" tempera-ture would be 30C but it is contemplated that more generally it would be in the range of 20C to l~oc.
B~3~-~, Further, if desired, khe steps of the method above defined may be preceded by subjecting the liquid to agitation for a longer time (possibly the whole of khe basic period) during the first basic period and there-after reverting to agitation ~or said brie~ period within each subsequent basic period.
From a further aspect the invention resides in the provision of a machine for washing textile articles comprising:-a. a body defining a washing chamber for receptionof the articles to be washed9b. means for sup~lying washing liquid to said chamber, c. means for agitating said liquid in said chamber, d. control means for rendering the agitating means operative for a brief period in each of a succession of longer basic periods, e. means for discharging the wash;ng liquid from said charnber, f. means for heating the washing liquid to said relatively low temperature as hereln defined.
Preferably 'the machine will also include means for heating the washing liquid, and means for controlling the temperature to which it is heated to a relatively low value as herein defined.
The ratio of the brief periods of agitation to the basic periods, and the values of each of these periods may be as already referred to in defining the method of the invention.
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:-FIGURE I is a diagrammatic view in side elevationand in vertical cross-section of one embodiment of wash-ing machine in accordance with the invention for perform-ing the method thereof;
60~
~o~
FIGURE 2 illustrates part of a washing machine control circuit for ef~ecting the method o~ washing in accordance with the present invention;
FIGURE 3 is a schematic circuit diagram o~ the control circuit o~ such washing machine.
Referring firstly to Figure 1, the washing machine illustrated comprises a body which includes a stationary washing chamber 1 which may be of generally cylindrical form containing a washing drum 2 rotatable about a hori-~ontal axis, the washing chamber being supported in any suitable manner, for example by struts 3 from a base 3a.
A casing 4 encloses the washing chamber and drive means for the drum which comprises a motor 12c which drives the drum spindle 2a through the intermediary of a belt and pulley drive 9. The spindle 2a and the drum is supported by a suitable bearing 8 carried by the washing chamber .
The washing chamber has a plurality o~ inlets, for example hot water inlet controlled by a solenoid valve 12e, a cold water inlet controlled by a solenoid valve 12~ and a drain outlet preferably oommunioating with a well or sump in the washing ohamber and oontrolled by an eleotrically driven pump 12b.
The washing ohamber 1 is sealed with respeot to the oasing by a flexible gasket or sealing ring 6 and the entrance to the washing chamber 1 and drum 2 is con-trolled by a door 5 which is hingedly connected to the casing 4 about a vertical axis 7 and is movable upon release of a solenoid controlled door lock 12a between the closed position shown and an open position. Assoc-iated with the door is a sealing ring or gasket 5 operative between the door and the casing.
0 ~ ~
A further functional unit seen in Figure 1 i~ a heater 12d for heating the liquid in the washing chamber.
Other electrically energised functional units are omitted from ~igure 1 merely for the sake of simplicity and may include a solenoid operated conditioner valve controlling the flow of conditioning liquid through a duct into the washing chamber.
Referring now to Figure 2, a simple control mechan-ism for bringing the invention into effect i5 illus-trated.
A conventional programme control mechanism shown by arrow 20 has an electric motor 21 which drives through gearbox 22 a rotary cam-operated switch 23. The position from which the rotary switch 23 commences is adjustable by a manually controlled member 24 which is normally situated externally of the casing 25 of the washing machine normally on the front panel thereof. The opera-tion of such switches is well known and in use, depending on the wash programme required, the control member 24 is rotated from an off position to a commence position7 a start switch 26 is operated, the motor 21 will rotate causing rotation of rotary switch 23.
The rotary switch 23 comprises many different pairs of contacts which are operated sequentially to cause the normal functions of a washing machine to operate, such as valves to allow the ingress or prevent ingress of water into the washing machine, a pump to pu~p out the water from the washing machine and heating means to heat the water to the required temperature etc.
The rotary switch 23 is provided with a pair of contacts 27 connected through switch 28 to a second programmer generally indicated at 29 and which comprises motor/gearbox 30, rotary timer switch 31 and manually operable member 32.
.
---`` 3 ~680~6 If it is required in a washing programme to employ the method of washing of the present invention, the switch 28 is closed and at a predetermined time in a washing programme, preferably near the beginning (see programmes on pages 16 and 17), the rotary switch 23 closes contacts 27 which has the effect, providing the switch 28 has been closed, of commencing operation of motor 30 which drives rotary timer switch 31.
The rotary timer switch 31 has a plurality of contacts, one pair o~ which 33 are normally closed but, on energisation of motor 30 they will open to prevent further rotation of the conventional programmer 20.
A second pair of contacts 34 will open, which cGntacts 34 are connected to the water inlet valve to allow the container to fill with water and contacts 35 will also close. The contacts 35 connect the motor 12c driving the drum 2 through an electrical control circuit 36 to a source of supply connected to terminals 38 and 39.
The electronic circuit 36 is adapted to provide energy for a short duration at predetermined intervals o~
time such that the ~otor 12c will be energised for a period of 30 seconds for example once i~ each basic period o~ 10 minutes for example. Such electronic circuits are well known and may comprise semi-conductor switches operated by constant time delay means provided by the rate of charging of a capacitor through resistive means.
The electronic circuit 36 may also be adapted during its period of energisation to cause the motor 12c to rotate the drum 2, first in one direction and then in an opposite direction of rotation. Such action can be achieved by using a D.C. electric motor to drive the drum 1 16~0~6 , ~
This invention relates to a method o~ and machine for washing clothes or other textile articles.
Conventional washing machines comprise a body including a chamber containing a perforated drum mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis and having an open-ing at one end through which the articles can be loaded into the drum, the latter being driven by an electric motor usually in a cycle which involves rotation in one rotational sense and then rotation in the other rota-tional sense at a speed in which the articles undergo tumbling action in a washing liquid introduced into the chamber to a level such that the articles in the drum are immersed in the liquid. Such washing action is conti~ued for a relatively prolonged period and thereafter the washing liquid (which may contain a detergent) is pumped out of` the machine and the articles are subjected to at least one rinsing in f`resh water fed into the washing chamber after which it is pumped out, the articles being then subjected to centrifugal extraction by spinning the drum. Usually the rinsing and centri~ugal extraction operations are repeated twice more.
Whilst efficient washing of the articles can be achieved by this conventional method, it does consume a considerable amount of energy both by reason of the fact that the washing action is continued for an appreciable period, and in this actlon the load of articles is raised from the lowest point of` the drum to near its highest point repeatedly, and by reason of the fact that the drum undergoes reversals of rotation so that it has ko be repeatedly accelerated from rest to the "tumbling" speed.
The ability of automatic washing ma¢hines to clean articles of clothing and other textile articles is con-siderable. However the energy expended by such machines can make a washing process quite expensive. It would be desirable there~ore to provide in an automatic washing machine programme some washing event that enables the same cleanliness to result in the articles at the end o~
a washing programme with a reduced expenditure of energy.
It is known to soak articles to be washed for a long period, for example overnight, in cold water in washing liquid. However the dirt from the articles tends to form a scum on the surface of the ~ashing liquid and then when the washing liquid is subsequently pumped out of the machine before the articles are removed therefrom, the scum settles on the surface of the articles and causes streaks or tide marks, which in a subsequent washing operation are as difficult, if not more so, to remove from the articles than the original dirt.
The above described soaking technique has therefore not really provided a satisfactory answer to providing a more economical method of washing kextile articles and no longer finds the popularity with which it was first received.
Because of the rather unsatisfactory result of soak-ing articles as afore described, the tendency has been to provide shorter washing programmes which, since they are carried out for a briefer length of time, use consider-ably less energy and for some articles are quite satis-factory. However other articles made from different material, for example, or articles which by their nature of use are more soiled, may not reach a sufficient degree of cleanliness and require further washing.
V 3 ~
~4-The object of the present invent,ion is to provide a method of washing by means of which energy saving can be achieved without detriment to washirg performance, that has the ability to extract dirt from the articles under-going washing and thereafter remove it from the vicinity of the articles.
According to the present invention the method of washing textile articles comprises:
a. substantially immersing the articles in a washing liquid having a relatively low tempera-ture as herein defined, b. subjecting the washing liquid to agitation for a relatively brief period in each o~ a succession of longer basic periods over such time as is necessary to achieve removal of dirt from the articles into the washing liquid, c. removing the articles and washing liquid rela-tively from the immersed relation.
The term l'wrashing liquidl' includes water, water to which a detergent has been added, and water to which a biological agent has been added.
The number of considerably longer basic periods will be such that a sufficient time is allowed to remove dirt from the articles into the washing liquid.
The method preferably includes heating the washing liquid to a relatively low temperature. By "relatively low'l is meant a temperature above that at which unheated water available from normal domestic water systems is supplied and which generally is between 4C and 15C
depending upon climatic conditions, but not higher than is no more than pleasantly warm to the hand. Typically a llrelatively low" tempera-ture would be 30C but it is contemplated that more generally it would be in the range of 20C to l~oc.
B~3~-~, Further, if desired, khe steps of the method above defined may be preceded by subjecting the liquid to agitation for a longer time (possibly the whole of khe basic period) during the first basic period and there-after reverting to agitation ~or said brie~ period within each subsequent basic period.
From a further aspect the invention resides in the provision of a machine for washing textile articles comprising:-a. a body defining a washing chamber for receptionof the articles to be washed9b. means for sup~lying washing liquid to said chamber, c. means for agitating said liquid in said chamber, d. control means for rendering the agitating means operative for a brief period in each of a succession of longer basic periods, e. means for discharging the wash;ng liquid from said charnber, f. means for heating the washing liquid to said relatively low temperature as hereln defined.
Preferably 'the machine will also include means for heating the washing liquid, and means for controlling the temperature to which it is heated to a relatively low value as herein defined.
The ratio of the brief periods of agitation to the basic periods, and the values of each of these periods may be as already referred to in defining the method of the invention.
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:-FIGURE I is a diagrammatic view in side elevationand in vertical cross-section of one embodiment of wash-ing machine in accordance with the invention for perform-ing the method thereof;
60~
~o~
FIGURE 2 illustrates part of a washing machine control circuit for ef~ecting the method o~ washing in accordance with the present invention;
FIGURE 3 is a schematic circuit diagram o~ the control circuit o~ such washing machine.
Referring firstly to Figure 1, the washing machine illustrated comprises a body which includes a stationary washing chamber 1 which may be of generally cylindrical form containing a washing drum 2 rotatable about a hori-~ontal axis, the washing chamber being supported in any suitable manner, for example by struts 3 from a base 3a.
A casing 4 encloses the washing chamber and drive means for the drum which comprises a motor 12c which drives the drum spindle 2a through the intermediary of a belt and pulley drive 9. The spindle 2a and the drum is supported by a suitable bearing 8 carried by the washing chamber .
The washing chamber has a plurality o~ inlets, for example hot water inlet controlled by a solenoid valve 12e, a cold water inlet controlled by a solenoid valve 12~ and a drain outlet preferably oommunioating with a well or sump in the washing ohamber and oontrolled by an eleotrically driven pump 12b.
The washing ohamber 1 is sealed with respeot to the oasing by a flexible gasket or sealing ring 6 and the entrance to the washing chamber 1 and drum 2 is con-trolled by a door 5 which is hingedly connected to the casing 4 about a vertical axis 7 and is movable upon release of a solenoid controlled door lock 12a between the closed position shown and an open position. Assoc-iated with the door is a sealing ring or gasket 5 operative between the door and the casing.
0 ~ ~
A further functional unit seen in Figure 1 i~ a heater 12d for heating the liquid in the washing chamber.
Other electrically energised functional units are omitted from ~igure 1 merely for the sake of simplicity and may include a solenoid operated conditioner valve controlling the flow of conditioning liquid through a duct into the washing chamber.
Referring now to Figure 2, a simple control mechan-ism for bringing the invention into effect i5 illus-trated.
A conventional programme control mechanism shown by arrow 20 has an electric motor 21 which drives through gearbox 22 a rotary cam-operated switch 23. The position from which the rotary switch 23 commences is adjustable by a manually controlled member 24 which is normally situated externally of the casing 25 of the washing machine normally on the front panel thereof. The opera-tion of such switches is well known and in use, depending on the wash programme required, the control member 24 is rotated from an off position to a commence position7 a start switch 26 is operated, the motor 21 will rotate causing rotation of rotary switch 23.
The rotary switch 23 comprises many different pairs of contacts which are operated sequentially to cause the normal functions of a washing machine to operate, such as valves to allow the ingress or prevent ingress of water into the washing machine, a pump to pu~p out the water from the washing machine and heating means to heat the water to the required temperature etc.
The rotary switch 23 is provided with a pair of contacts 27 connected through switch 28 to a second programmer generally indicated at 29 and which comprises motor/gearbox 30, rotary timer switch 31 and manually operable member 32.
.
---`` 3 ~680~6 If it is required in a washing programme to employ the method of washing of the present invention, the switch 28 is closed and at a predetermined time in a washing programme, preferably near the beginning (see programmes on pages 16 and 17), the rotary switch 23 closes contacts 27 which has the effect, providing the switch 28 has been closed, of commencing operation of motor 30 which drives rotary timer switch 31.
The rotary timer switch 31 has a plurality of contacts, one pair o~ which 33 are normally closed but, on energisation of motor 30 they will open to prevent further rotation of the conventional programmer 20.
A second pair of contacts 34 will open, which cGntacts 34 are connected to the water inlet valve to allow the container to fill with water and contacts 35 will also close. The contacts 35 connect the motor 12c driving the drum 2 through an electrical control circuit 36 to a source of supply connected to terminals 38 and 39.
The electronic circuit 36 is adapted to provide energy for a short duration at predetermined intervals o~
time such that the ~otor 12c will be energised for a period of 30 seconds for example once i~ each basic period o~ 10 minutes for example. Such electronic circuits are well known and may comprise semi-conductor switches operated by constant time delay means provided by the rate of charging of a capacitor through resistive means.
The electronic circuit 36 may also be adapted during its period of energisation to cause the motor 12c to rotate the drum 2, first in one direction and then in an opposite direction of rotation. Such action can be achieved by using a D.C. electric motor to drive the drum 1 16~0~6 , ~
2 and causing a reversal of polarity of energisation by the conkrol oircuit 36 to cause reversed rotation.
The clothing or other textile articles present in the drum 2 will thus be washed in accordance with the method of the present invention for a period of time which may be determined by the manually operable member 32.
The rotary timer switch 31 may, for example, be adapted to complete one revolution in 12 hours but its starting point may be predetermined by rotating the manually operable member 32 to any desired position so that the method of washing of the present invention may be carried out for any time, say from a quarter of an hour to 12 hours.
On completion of rotation of the timer, the contacts 33 will again close which will once again connect power to the motor 21, thus recommencing operation of the programmer 20 to allow the remainder of the washing programme to continue.
During the method of washing of the present inven~
tion controlled by programmer 29, the water will not be heated in the washing machine itself. In the case where a hot water supply and a cold water supply both supplies may have been open to fill khe tub with water, that is at a relakively low temperature, for example 30C, or alter-natively only the valve allowing cold water to enter may have been opened, in which case the temperature of the water will be lower.
In the case of an automatic machine having a cold fill only9 when time is limited and it is desired to achieve the same results in a short time by using the method of washing of the present invention as would be J ~0~6 achieved by carrying out the method of washing of the present invention for a considerably longer time in cold water, the water may be heated to said predetermined low temperature by heater 12d.
A switch 41 is provided on the facia of the washing machine which, when in its "switched on" position will ensure that the heater 12d is energised through thermo-stat 42 designed to switch on and off at the predeter-mined desired low temperature so that the water will be heated by heater 40 up to the desired low temperature and when it achieves that temperature thermostat 42 will open to terminate the heating supply. If the temperature falls below the predetermined low temperature thermostat 42 will once again switch on to re-energise the heater 12d to return the water to said predetermined low temperature.
Figure 2 shows only one pair of contacts 34 connected to water valve 44 for allowing the ingress of water into the tub. However it will be appreciated that in a washing machine which is adapted to be supplied with both hot and cold water from a supply, there may be two such pairs of contacts 34 and two water valves 44, one for the hot water and one for the cold water, The point of time at whioh the method of washing of the present invention is carried out during a conven-tional washing cycle will preferably be near the beginn-ing of that cycle. However the remainder of the washing cycle will, in view of the substantial degree of cleaning carried out by the method of washing o~ the present invention, be considerably shorter than would normally have been the case. Thus, if the method of washing of the present invention is selected by switching on switch 28, it will also have the effect of curtailing some of the stages, in particular the washing stages of the sub-sequent part of the programme.
J ~03~
r /~
The above described arrangement is only one method o~ providing control means for permitting of operation of the method of washing of the present inven~ion and an alternative method of control can incorporate a micro-processor in which the switching of the various ~unctional items of the machine is carried out electron-ically. Such a method of operation will now be described with reference to Figure 3.
Referring now to Figure 3, the electrically energised functional units are identified at 12a to 12~.
The supply of current to these units from a 240 volt alternating current mains is connected to the input terminals t1, t2 of a main manually operable isolator switch S1, the output terminals t3, t4 of which are connected to the primary winding of power supply trans-former T1 and also to power supply rails 15 and 16, in the latter case through the intermediary of a switch S2 operated by door release solenoid 12a.
The supply o~ current to the functional units 12a to 12~ from the conductors 15 and 16 is oontrolled by respective gate controlled semi-oonductor devices 13a to 13~ respectively in accordance with the output si~nals developed at the outlets of control circuits incorp-orating a micro processor and designated 10a to 10g respectively. In the case of functional units 13b to 13 these outputs are fed through the intermediary of an output driver 17. Associated with the functional devices are a number of supplementary devices which control or contribute to the function performed by the functional devices, these being high, medium and low level switches S3y S4 7 S5 serving respectively to control current to the hot water solenoid valve 12e, cold water solenoid valve 12f and heater 12d and which provide inputs to the micro processor at terminals 1Ok, 101, 1Om. to control the liquid levels in the drum. A further supplementary /,2 ~
device is a tacho generator 12C1 operati~ely coupled mechanically as indicated by the broken line 12C2 to drive motor 12c and providing an input to the micro processor at terminal 1On~
A further supplementary device is a thermistor Th1 which senses the temperature of the washing liquid in the washing chamber and provides an input to the micro processor at terminal 10p.
The direction of energisation of the field winding F
of the drive motor 1~c is controlled by a further supple-mentary device, namely a relay RV having reversing con-tacts S6 and powered from secondary winding T1c, trans-former T1 (44 volts). The relay RV is operated under the control of the output at micro processor terminal 10i.
The magnitude of the current in the motor is controlled by the output at terminal 10c of the micro processor and current supply to the motor is isolated by a master relay MR having switch contacts S7.
For bringing the washing machine into operation in accordance with the required programme, a series of switches, preferably of the press button type, S8a to S8i provide inputs at terminals 11a to 11i respectively for initiating the following programmes or operations, namely cancel, open door, rinse hold, test, high level, bio, prewash, start, and programme, the significance of which is explained hereinafter.
Indicator means 14 are provided comprising a plural-ity of electrically energisable indicator elements, for example light emitting diodes 14a - 14~ which constitute a 7 segment numerical indicator and elements 14h - 14m which ccnsist of single light emitting diodes, both sets of light emitting diodes being controlled by outputs at terminals 13a - 13g of the micro processor through the V ~ 6 intermediary of a display power driver. The two sets o~
display elements, namely 14a - 14g and 1~lh - 14m are each supplied respectively by alternate half qycles of the A.C. electricity supply from transformer secondary T1b via diodes 19a and 19b.
The programming provided by the micro processor is such that certain of the display elements provide differ-ent classes of information at stages of operation of the machine. Thus before and during programme selection the single L.E.D.'s 14a - 1~m indicate options for selection whilst the LED's providing the seven segment numerical indicator will indicate the identification number of the wash programme. After start the single L.E.D.'s 14a -14_ indicate progress of the selected wash programme as described later. If a fault develops, ~he seven segment numerical indicator display is then used to indicate this fact by flashing alternatively 'F' and a code number signifying the nature of the fault.
Referring now to the washing programmes which can be provided under the control of the micro processor, the latter may furnish outputs producing many di~erent programmes, one of which will now be described in detail.
The method of washing of the presenk invention may be incorporated in a complete washing programme and is hereinafter referred to by the designation "Soak".
1. Fill cold for 10 seconds no action.
Fill hot and cold to high level with action.
Heat to 30C with action.
Wash for 10 minutes.
SOAK - one tumble action every 10 minutes.
This sequence will continue until 'START' is pressed.
Pump spin at 95 r.p.m. for 1 minute 30 seconds.
., 6~03~
,~, 2. Fill cold to low level no action.
Fill cold to high level with actlon.
Rinse for 1~ minutes.
Pump spin at 95 r~p.m. for 1 minute 30 seconds.
Pump spin at 460 r.p.m. for 10 seconds.
Pump out with cold valve open for 15 seconds.
The clothing or other textile articles present in the drum 2 will thus be washed in accordance with the method of the present invention for a period of time which may be determined by the manually operable member 32.
The rotary timer switch 31 may, for example, be adapted to complete one revolution in 12 hours but its starting point may be predetermined by rotating the manually operable member 32 to any desired position so that the method of washing of the present invention may be carried out for any time, say from a quarter of an hour to 12 hours.
On completion of rotation of the timer, the contacts 33 will again close which will once again connect power to the motor 21, thus recommencing operation of the programmer 20 to allow the remainder of the washing programme to continue.
During the method of washing of the present inven~
tion controlled by programmer 29, the water will not be heated in the washing machine itself. In the case where a hot water supply and a cold water supply both supplies may have been open to fill khe tub with water, that is at a relakively low temperature, for example 30C, or alter-natively only the valve allowing cold water to enter may have been opened, in which case the temperature of the water will be lower.
In the case of an automatic machine having a cold fill only9 when time is limited and it is desired to achieve the same results in a short time by using the method of washing of the present invention as would be J ~0~6 achieved by carrying out the method of washing of the present invention for a considerably longer time in cold water, the water may be heated to said predetermined low temperature by heater 12d.
A switch 41 is provided on the facia of the washing machine which, when in its "switched on" position will ensure that the heater 12d is energised through thermo-stat 42 designed to switch on and off at the predeter-mined desired low temperature so that the water will be heated by heater 40 up to the desired low temperature and when it achieves that temperature thermostat 42 will open to terminate the heating supply. If the temperature falls below the predetermined low temperature thermostat 42 will once again switch on to re-energise the heater 12d to return the water to said predetermined low temperature.
Figure 2 shows only one pair of contacts 34 connected to water valve 44 for allowing the ingress of water into the tub. However it will be appreciated that in a washing machine which is adapted to be supplied with both hot and cold water from a supply, there may be two such pairs of contacts 34 and two water valves 44, one for the hot water and one for the cold water, The point of time at whioh the method of washing of the present invention is carried out during a conven-tional washing cycle will preferably be near the beginn-ing of that cycle. However the remainder of the washing cycle will, in view of the substantial degree of cleaning carried out by the method of washing o~ the present invention, be considerably shorter than would normally have been the case. Thus, if the method of washing of the present invention is selected by switching on switch 28, it will also have the effect of curtailing some of the stages, in particular the washing stages of the sub-sequent part of the programme.
J ~03~
r /~
The above described arrangement is only one method o~ providing control means for permitting of operation of the method of washing of the present inven~ion and an alternative method of control can incorporate a micro-processor in which the switching of the various ~unctional items of the machine is carried out electron-ically. Such a method of operation will now be described with reference to Figure 3.
Referring now to Figure 3, the electrically energised functional units are identified at 12a to 12~.
The supply of current to these units from a 240 volt alternating current mains is connected to the input terminals t1, t2 of a main manually operable isolator switch S1, the output terminals t3, t4 of which are connected to the primary winding of power supply trans-former T1 and also to power supply rails 15 and 16, in the latter case through the intermediary of a switch S2 operated by door release solenoid 12a.
The supply o~ current to the functional units 12a to 12~ from the conductors 15 and 16 is oontrolled by respective gate controlled semi-oonductor devices 13a to 13~ respectively in accordance with the output si~nals developed at the outlets of control circuits incorp-orating a micro processor and designated 10a to 10g respectively. In the case of functional units 13b to 13 these outputs are fed through the intermediary of an output driver 17. Associated with the functional devices are a number of supplementary devices which control or contribute to the function performed by the functional devices, these being high, medium and low level switches S3y S4 7 S5 serving respectively to control current to the hot water solenoid valve 12e, cold water solenoid valve 12f and heater 12d and which provide inputs to the micro processor at terminals 1Ok, 101, 1Om. to control the liquid levels in the drum. A further supplementary /,2 ~
device is a tacho generator 12C1 operati~ely coupled mechanically as indicated by the broken line 12C2 to drive motor 12c and providing an input to the micro processor at terminal 1On~
A further supplementary device is a thermistor Th1 which senses the temperature of the washing liquid in the washing chamber and provides an input to the micro processor at terminal 10p.
The direction of energisation of the field winding F
of the drive motor 1~c is controlled by a further supple-mentary device, namely a relay RV having reversing con-tacts S6 and powered from secondary winding T1c, trans-former T1 (44 volts). The relay RV is operated under the control of the output at micro processor terminal 10i.
The magnitude of the current in the motor is controlled by the output at terminal 10c of the micro processor and current supply to the motor is isolated by a master relay MR having switch contacts S7.
For bringing the washing machine into operation in accordance with the required programme, a series of switches, preferably of the press button type, S8a to S8i provide inputs at terminals 11a to 11i respectively for initiating the following programmes or operations, namely cancel, open door, rinse hold, test, high level, bio, prewash, start, and programme, the significance of which is explained hereinafter.
Indicator means 14 are provided comprising a plural-ity of electrically energisable indicator elements, for example light emitting diodes 14a - 14~ which constitute a 7 segment numerical indicator and elements 14h - 14m which ccnsist of single light emitting diodes, both sets of light emitting diodes being controlled by outputs at terminals 13a - 13g of the micro processor through the V ~ 6 intermediary of a display power driver. The two sets o~
display elements, namely 14a - 14g and 1~lh - 14m are each supplied respectively by alternate half qycles of the A.C. electricity supply from transformer secondary T1b via diodes 19a and 19b.
The programming provided by the micro processor is such that certain of the display elements provide differ-ent classes of information at stages of operation of the machine. Thus before and during programme selection the single L.E.D.'s 14a - 1~m indicate options for selection whilst the LED's providing the seven segment numerical indicator will indicate the identification number of the wash programme. After start the single L.E.D.'s 14a -14_ indicate progress of the selected wash programme as described later. If a fault develops, ~he seven segment numerical indicator display is then used to indicate this fact by flashing alternatively 'F' and a code number signifying the nature of the fault.
Referring now to the washing programmes which can be provided under the control of the micro processor, the latter may furnish outputs producing many di~erent programmes, one of which will now be described in detail.
The method of washing of the presenk invention may be incorporated in a complete washing programme and is hereinafter referred to by the designation "Soak".
1. Fill cold for 10 seconds no action.
Fill hot and cold to high level with action.
Heat to 30C with action.
Wash for 10 minutes.
SOAK - one tumble action every 10 minutes.
This sequence will continue until 'START' is pressed.
Pump spin at 95 r.p.m. for 1 minute 30 seconds.
., 6~03~
,~, 2. Fill cold to low level no action.
Fill cold to high level with actlon.
Rinse for 1~ minutes.
Pump spin at 95 r~p.m. for 1 minute 30 seconds.
Pump spin at 460 r.p.m. for 10 seconds.
Pump out with cold valve open for 15 seconds.
3. Fill cold to low level no aotion.
Fill cold to high level with action.
Rinse for 1~ minutes.
Pump spin~at 95 r.p.mO for 1 minute 30 seconds.
Pump spin at 460 r.p.m. ~or 10 seconds.
Pump out with cold valve open for 15 seconds.
Fill cold to high level with action.
Rinse for 1~ minutes.
Pump spin~at 95 r.p.mO for 1 minute 30 seconds.
Pump spin at 460 r.p.m. ~or 10 seconds.
Pump out with cold valve open for 15 seconds.
4. Fill cold to low level no action.
Fill cold plus fabric conditioner to high level with action.
Rinse for 1~ minutes.
Pause until start is operated if rinse hold is selected.
Pump spin at 95 r.p.m. for 1 minute 30 seconds.
Pump spin at 460 r.p.m. for 2 minutes.
It will be noted that although the initial wash sequence set forth in ~ub-paragraph 1 does include a wash action fo~ 10 minutes, it iB thereafter followed by a sequence which involves a tumble action (produclng agita-tion of the liquid) every 10 minutes and typically this agitation may be effected over a relatively brief period of 3Q seconds in each of a series of longer basic periods of 10 minutes. This sequence continues until the start control is pressed to bring into operation pump out of the liquid followed by the rinse sequences set forth in sub-paragraphs 2 to 4.
The sequence of paragraph 1 starting with the first tumble action producing agitation of the washing liquid ..
) 3 /~
would be continued ~or at least 1 hour and preferably longer, for example 3 to 4 hours~
It would be possible ko set a period automatically for continuance of the tumble sequence of the duration 1, 2 or more hours so that it is not necessary for the operator manually to press the start control and the machine would then continue with the sequences set forth in sub-paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 automatically.
The principal difference between the 'soak' tech-nique of the present intention and conventional washes is that 9931~91~ IL~L~:C5LD~ is achieved by long soak at relatively low temperature with minimum agitation compared with a short wash at high temperature with vigorous agitation. The economy is achieved by not heating water to a high temperature, whilst the effic-iency of the wash is ~aintained by the minimum wash action to prevent 'tide-marks' and redisposition of dirt.
This can be achieved by electronic control of the functional units of the machine without di~ficulties which would be encountered by use of a mechanical timer due to the long operational period which may be required e.g. starting the machine at say 2~00 hours and terminat-ing the soak programme at say 0800 hours the ne~t day.
The requisite programme to oarry out the ~oak programme hereinbefore re~erred to, followed, if required, by a main washing programme is provided by a micropressor as more fully disclosed in our co-pending application entitled "Improvements relating to control circuits in or for washing and the like machines or other apparatus".
Fill cold plus fabric conditioner to high level with action.
Rinse for 1~ minutes.
Pause until start is operated if rinse hold is selected.
Pump spin at 95 r.p.m. for 1 minute 30 seconds.
Pump spin at 460 r.p.m. for 2 minutes.
It will be noted that although the initial wash sequence set forth in ~ub-paragraph 1 does include a wash action fo~ 10 minutes, it iB thereafter followed by a sequence which involves a tumble action (produclng agita-tion of the liquid) every 10 minutes and typically this agitation may be effected over a relatively brief period of 3Q seconds in each of a series of longer basic periods of 10 minutes. This sequence continues until the start control is pressed to bring into operation pump out of the liquid followed by the rinse sequences set forth in sub-paragraphs 2 to 4.
The sequence of paragraph 1 starting with the first tumble action producing agitation of the washing liquid ..
) 3 /~
would be continued ~or at least 1 hour and preferably longer, for example 3 to 4 hours~
It would be possible ko set a period automatically for continuance of the tumble sequence of the duration 1, 2 or more hours so that it is not necessary for the operator manually to press the start control and the machine would then continue with the sequences set forth in sub-paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 automatically.
The principal difference between the 'soak' tech-nique of the present intention and conventional washes is that 9931~91~ IL~L~:C5LD~ is achieved by long soak at relatively low temperature with minimum agitation compared with a short wash at high temperature with vigorous agitation. The economy is achieved by not heating water to a high temperature, whilst the effic-iency of the wash is ~aintained by the minimum wash action to prevent 'tide-marks' and redisposition of dirt.
This can be achieved by electronic control of the functional units of the machine without di~ficulties which would be encountered by use of a mechanical timer due to the long operational period which may be required e.g. starting the machine at say 2~00 hours and terminat-ing the soak programme at say 0800 hours the ne~t day.
The requisite programme to oarry out the ~oak programme hereinbefore re~erred to, followed, if required, by a main washing programme is provided by a micropressor as more fully disclosed in our co-pending application entitled "Improvements relating to control circuits in or for washing and the like machines or other apparatus".
Claims (20)
1. A method of washing textile articles comprising:
a. substantially immersing the articles in a wash-ing liquid having a relatively low temperature as herein defined, b. subjecting the washing liquid to agitation for a relatively brief period in each of a succession of longer basic periods over such time as is necessary to achieve removal of dirt from the articles into the washing liquid, c. removing the articles and washing liquid rela-tively from the immersed relation.
a. substantially immersing the articles in a wash-ing liquid having a relatively low temperature as herein defined, b. subjecting the washing liquid to agitation for a relatively brief period in each of a succession of longer basic periods over such time as is necessary to achieve removal of dirt from the articles into the washing liquid, c. removing the articles and washing liquid rela-tively from the immersed relation.
2. A method according to Claim 1 wherein said relatively low temperature is in the range 20°C to 40°C.
3. A method according to Claim 1 wherein said relativ-ely low temperature is in the range 25°C to 35°C.
4. A method according to Claim 1 wherein said relativ-ely low temperature is approximately 30°C.
5. A method according to any one of Claims I to 3 including the step of heating the washing liquid to said relatively low temperature.
6. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3 wherein the ratio of the time period over which agitation is effected to the basic period between agitations is between 1/5 and 1/80.
7. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3 wherein the duration of each of the agitations is between 15 seconds and 60 seconds.
8. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3 wherein the duration of each of the basic periods is between 5 minutes and 20 minutes.
9. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3 wherein agitation is effected by rotation at a tumbling speed of a drum rotatable about a horizontal axis and in which both the articles and liquid are present, and the drum is given increments of rotation of different amounts in opposite directions respectively.
10. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3 wherein the washing is supplemented by the step of supplying water to the articles for rinsing and there-after subjecting the articles to centrifugal extraction either once or a plurality of times.
11. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 3 wherein as a preceding operation the liquid and articles are subjected to agitation for a longer time (possibly the whole of the basic period) during the first basic period and thereafter reverting to agitation for said brief period within each subsequent basic period.
12. A machine for washing textile articles comprising:-a. a body defining a washing chamber for reception of the articles to be washed, b. means for supplying washing liquid to said chamber, c. means for agitating said liquid in said chamber, d. control means for rendering the agitating means operative for a brief period in each of a succession of longer basic periods, e. means for discharging the washing liquid from said chamber, f. means for heating the washing liquid to said relatively low temperature as herein defined.
13. A machine according to Claim 12 including means for controlling the temperature to which the washing liquid is heated to said relatively low temperature as herein defined.
14. A machine according to Claim 12 or Claim 13 wherein said relatively low temperature has a value between 20°C
and 40°C.
and 40°C.
15. A machine according to Claim 12 or Claim 13 wherein said relatively low temperature has a value between 25°C
and 35°C.
and 35°C.
16. A machine according to Claim 12 or Claim 13 wherein said relatively low temperature has a value approximately 30°C.
17. A machine according to Claim 12 or Claim 13 wherein the control means are operable to control the ratio of the brief period of agitation to the basic periods and wherein the ratio of the time period over which agitation is effected to the basic period between agitations is between 1 : 5 and 1 : 80.
18. A machine according to Claim 12 or Claim 13 wherein the control means are operable to control the ratio of the brief period of agitation to the basic periods and wherein the duration of each of the agitations is between 15 seconds and 60 seconds.
19. A machine according to Claim 12 or Claim 13 wherein the control means are operable to control the ratio of the brief periods of agitation to the basic periods and wherein the duration of each of the basic periods is between 5 minutes and 20 minutes.
20. A machine according to Claim 12 or Claim 13 wherein the means for subjecting the washing liquid to agitation comprises a drum and means for rotating same about a substantially horizontal axis in increments of rotation successively in opposite directions and by different amounts.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8012555 | 1980-04-16 | ||
| GB8012555A GB2074612B (en) | 1980-04-16 | 1980-04-16 | Washing textile articles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1166036A true CA1166036A (en) | 1984-04-24 |
Family
ID=10512827
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000375555A Expired CA1166036A (en) | 1980-04-16 | 1981-04-15 | Methods of and machines for washing textile articles |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0038671A3 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU6963981A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1166036A (en) |
| DK (1) | DK174181A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES8302816A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2074612B (en) |
| IE (1) | IE51088B1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO811323L (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1204219B (en) * | 1986-03-11 | 1989-03-01 | Zanussi Elettrodomestici | LINEN AND WASHING MACHINE PROCESSING PROCEDURE THAT REALIZES THIS PROCEDURE |
| FR2618460B1 (en) * | 1987-07-21 | 1990-06-08 | Ciapem | BIOLOGICAL CYCLING WASHING MACHINE |
| NZ223460A (en) * | 1988-02-09 | 1993-01-27 | Fisher & Paykel | Flow control system for two liquids entering a mixing chamber to maintain a desired temperature |
| IT1229944B (en) * | 1988-10-20 | 1991-09-17 | Junghans Spa Arturo | ELECTRONIC TIME SWITCH FOR MOTOR DRIVING. |
| IT1250395B (en) * | 1991-06-26 | 1995-04-07 | Zanussi Elettrodomestici | CONTROL DEVICE FOR WASHING MACHINES |
| IT1252177B (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1995-06-05 | Candy Spa | UNIVERSAL WASHING CYCLE FOR WASHING MACHINES |
| IT1307908B1 (en) * | 1999-01-21 | 2001-11-29 | Philco Italiana | Washing machine wash cycle has drum rotating in either direction for different period of time so it stops in a different position each time |
| BR0105826A (en) * | 2001-11-13 | 2003-08-19 | Multibras Eletrodomesticos Sa | Stain Removal Process on Vertical Shaft Washing Machines |
| US7690063B2 (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2010-04-06 | Whirlpool Corporation | Random tumbling washing machine wash chamber for improving cleaning while minimizing mechanical damage to clothes |
| ITTO20121108A1 (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-20 | Indesit Co Spa | METHOD OF CONTROL OF A WASHING MACHINE FOR THE WASHING OF SPECIAL ITEMS |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1410174A1 (en) * | 1958-07-28 | 1970-05-06 | Constructa Werke Gmbh | Process for the mechanical treatment of items to be washed and washing machine operating according to this |
| BE631272A (en) * | 1962-11-24 | |||
| AT270550B (en) * | 1963-10-29 | 1969-04-25 | Zanussi A Spa Industrie | Leaching method for washing laundry |
| GB1174815A (en) * | 1966-02-17 | 1969-12-17 | Candy Spa | An improved Washing method |
| FR1513877A (en) * | 1966-03-11 | 1968-02-16 | Candy Spa | Washing process and washing machine devices for carrying out the process |
| FR1525295A (en) * | 1967-04-05 | 1968-05-17 | Sedelem Soc D Etudes Et De Dev | Washing cycle for automatic washing machine |
| DE1610132B2 (en) * | 1967-04-07 | 1974-04-11 | Bosch-Siemens-Hausgeraete Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Control device for a drum washing machine |
| DE1760985B1 (en) * | 1968-07-29 | 1970-10-01 | Holzer Patent Ag | Control device for automatic washing machines with biological washing programs |
| FR2028680A1 (en) * | 1969-01-21 | 1970-10-16 | Europ Manufacturing Tru |
-
1980
- 1980-04-16 GB GB8012555A patent/GB2074612B/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-04-13 IE IE836/81A patent/IE51088B1/en unknown
- 1981-04-15 NO NO811323A patent/NO811323L/en unknown
- 1981-04-15 CA CA000375555A patent/CA1166036A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-04-15 ES ES501415A patent/ES8302816A1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-04-15 EP EP81301659A patent/EP0038671A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-04-15 DK DK174181A patent/DK174181A/en active IP Right Grant
- 1981-04-16 AU AU69639/81A patent/AU6963981A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IE51088B1 (en) | 1986-10-01 |
| IE810836L (en) | 1981-10-16 |
| EP0038671A3 (en) | 1982-02-10 |
| AU6963981A (en) | 1981-10-22 |
| ES501415A0 (en) | 1982-12-01 |
| ES8302816A1 (en) | 1982-12-01 |
| EP0038671A2 (en) | 1981-10-28 |
| GB2074612A (en) | 1981-11-04 |
| DK174181A (en) | 1981-10-17 |
| GB2074612B (en) | 1985-11-20 |
| NO811323L (en) | 1981-10-19 |
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Legal Events
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| MKEX | Expiry |