CA1158470A - Loading table for firearms - Google Patents
Loading table for firearmsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1158470A CA1158470A CA000366983A CA366983A CA1158470A CA 1158470 A CA1158470 A CA 1158470A CA 000366983 A CA000366983 A CA 000366983A CA 366983 A CA366983 A CA 366983A CA 1158470 A CA1158470 A CA 1158470A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- holding
- holding trough
- loading table
- units
- plane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
- F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
- F41A9/04—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using endless-chain belts carrying a plurality of ammunition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G17/00—Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface
- B65G17/30—Details; Auxiliary devices
- B65G17/32—Individual load-carriers
- B65G17/36—Individual load-carriers having concave surfaces, e.g. buckets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
- B65G2201/02—Articles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
- Chain Conveyers (AREA)
- Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)
- Drives For Endless Conveyors (AREA)
- Feeding Of Articles To Conveyors (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
Abstract
Case 2527 A B S T R A C T
A loading table is built up with a stable frame and comprises a flat depositing plane (13) for shells (14) lying beside each other and feeding means for removing these, one at a time, from the plane, through lateral displacement. The feeding means utilize holding trough segments arranged in an endless chain with two storeys, of which the upper storey comes into connection with the depositing plane. The segments are fastened in the links (16) of two drive chains which by means of the step drive mechanism can be actuated so that at a certain actuation of the step drive mechanism, holding troughs (15) for the shells, which can be composed of holding trough segments in the upper storey, are moved forwards one spacing distance.
The pairs of holding trough segments are arranged in such a way that said holding troughs which are formed are cabpable of receiving new shells directly from above under parallel displace-ment substantially at right angles to the depositing plane in a number corresponding to the number of shells removed from the plane. The holding troughs can then receive two or more shells simultaneously when these are arranged parallel to each other.
A loading table is built up with a stable frame and comprises a flat depositing plane (13) for shells (14) lying beside each other and feeding means for removing these, one at a time, from the plane, through lateral displacement. The feeding means utilize holding trough segments arranged in an endless chain with two storeys, of which the upper storey comes into connection with the depositing plane. The segments are fastened in the links (16) of two drive chains which by means of the step drive mechanism can be actuated so that at a certain actuation of the step drive mechanism, holding troughs (15) for the shells, which can be composed of holding trough segments in the upper storey, are moved forwards one spacing distance.
The pairs of holding trough segments are arranged in such a way that said holding troughs which are formed are cabpable of receiving new shells directly from above under parallel displace-ment substantially at right angles to the depositing plane in a number corresponding to the number of shells removed from the plane. The holding troughs can then receive two or more shells simultaneously when these are arranged parallel to each other.
Description
Case 2527 Applicant: Ak~iebolaget Bofors, Bo~ors Atto~ney: Gunnar Olsson Inventors: Goran Sundmar and Olle Gustavsson TITLE
Loading table TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a loading table comprising a stable frame with a substantially flat depositing plane for units of ammunition, e.g. shells lying beside each other and with feeding means allotted to the units which in dependence on actuations displace the units laterally in the plane and remove them from same, one at a time.
The new loading table is then intended to be mounted on artillery pieces of various kinds, and as an example of these may be men-tioned a field howitzer which can be driven.
.~
11St~4 ~0 BACKGROUND ART
A number of loading tables for firearms of the kind in question are previously known, and of these may be mentioned a loading table which has a depositing plane for the shells or the like and on which the shells can roll on the depositing plane owing to the inclination of the plane towards the removal position and under the control of a step drive mechanism.
For loading tables it is also previously known to utilize holding troughs in which the ammunition units in question can be applied and fed forwards.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
~ = .
TECHNICAL PROBLEM
For e.g. a field howitzer, however, there is a need for a techni-cally simple loading table, which is small from the point of view of space but from the point of view of functioning nevertheless well functioning, which moreover shall be capable of permitting effective depositing of the ammunition units by means of a loading cassette or the like. Thus, it shall be possible to deposit a plurality of ammunition units simultaneously in dependence on how the feed from the loading table progresses. It shall be possible to lift a predetermined number of units simultaneously to the loading table, which number in the present case has been chosen to be a maximum of three. However, receiving can take place of only one ammunition unit or two ammunition units at a time.
Units of one kind are then received in the respective lift and depositing, but receiving of units of different kinds in the same lift can occur. On loading tables of the kind in question there is also a requirement that the am~unition units in their applied positions shall be effectively secured against actuations from the recoiling parts in connection with firing.
4`~0 It is difficult for the previously known loading tables to fulfil the above-mentioned requirements, and it is therefore a main purpose of the present invention to replace the known loading tables within the field of use in question. The principle with e.g. rolling cannot be used for e.g. an ammunition unit which has front guiding cleats instead of a front guide surface, which poses problems in maintaining the rolling direction from the table.
THE SOLUTION
According to the invention there is provided a loading table comprising a stable frame for receiving units of ammunition, e.g.
shells lying beside each other and with feeding means allotted to the units which in dependence on actuations displace the units laterally in the plane and remove them from same, one at a time, characterized in that the feeding means comprises a number of holding trough segments arranged in an endless chain in two storeys, of which the upper storey is placed in connection with said depositing plane, that the holding trough segments can be put together in pairs in said plane so that a respective pair forms a holding trough for a unit, that the holding trough segments are fastened in at least one drive chain also comprised in the feeding means and which can be actuated with a step drive mechanism belonging to the driving means and which can be subjected to said actuations which at each actuation move the holding trough segments forwards a distance corresponding to a spacing distance between two holding troughs, that in the respective step forwards position all of the holding trough segments in said holding troughs formed in said upper liS~34 ~ ~
storey are in said depositing plane, that the holding trough segments are arranged so that said holding troughs which are formed are capable of receiving new units directly from above during parallel displace-ment substantially at right angles to the depositing plane in a number corresponding to the number of units removed from the plane and then, when receiving two or more units, to receive these simultaneously and when they are arranged parallel to each other.
ADVANTAGES
Through the arrangement proposed an effectively functioning loading table is obtained, on which shells of various lengths and forms can be placed, transported, and removed. The loading table also permits the shells to be applied by means of a cassette or the like.
The fixing of the shells to the loading table during the recoiling movements of the firearm is also effective, and does not interfere with the normal functions of the loading table. The table can receive various kinds of ammunition which varies as regards the length and the distance between the rear end and the driving band. The new table can also receive shells which have guiding cleats instead of front guiding means.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
An embodiment proposed at present of a loading table which has the characteristics significant for the invention will be described in the following, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 in a view from above shows the new loading table, 115t~
figure 2. in a side view shows the loading table according to figure 1, figure 3 from one end shows the loading table according to figures 1 and 2, figure 4 shows the feeding means for shells or corresponding ammunition units in the loading table according to figures 1-3, figure 5 in cross-section and along section A-A in figure 2 shows supporting arrangements for a clamping bar comprised in the loading table, figure 6 in cross-section and along the section B-B in figure 2 shows the supporting arrangement for the sprocket wheels comprised in the feeding means, figure 7 in cross-section and along the section C-C in figure 2 shows the supporting arrangement for a shaft comprised in a step drive mechanism, figure 8 in cross-section and along the section D-D in figure 2 shows a first part in the step drive mechanism, figure 9 partly in cross-section and along the section E-E
in figure 1 shows further parts of the step drive mechanism, figure 10 in cross-section and along the section F-F in figure 2 shows slide guides for links comprised in the drive chains belonging to said step drive mechanism, figure lOa partly in cross-section and along section I-I
in figure 10 shows a slide guide in detail, llSt~ O
Figure 11 in cross-section and enlarged in relation to Figure 2 shows the support for a hand crank utilized in the step drive mechanism, and Figure 12 in a view along the section J-J in Figure 2 shows the securing device for the hand crank shown in connection with Figure 11.
BEST MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In accordance with Figures 1-3 the new loading table comprises a stable frame with a number of vertically arranged beams la-lf and a number of horizontally arranged beams 2a-2g. The frame comprises two beams 3a, 3b, extending straight forwards from the lower parts of the frame and directed obliquely upwards, of which one of the beams 3a is fastened at the middle parts of a lower horizontal beam 2c and the other beam 3b is fastened to a lower front corner formed by the beams 2c and lf. The free ends of the beams 3a and 3b are on a level with the upper parts of the frame.
At the rear parts of the frame, on the two lower horizontal beams 2g and 2f a first unit is rotatably supported which supports a horizontally arranged clamping bar 4 which is lowerable and removable from the loading table by means of the unit. The first unit comprises a first frame part with beams 5a, 5b, and a second frame part which is set at an angle in relation to the first frame part, and which has the beams 6a-~d, the clamping bar 4 then being connected to the free ends of the beams 6a, 6b, and 6c. Positioning elements 7a and 7b fix the first and second frame parts to each other. The rotatable support for the first unit is indicated by 8a and 8b, and consists, in principle, of a journal support.
On the same rotatable supports 8a and 8b, but individually ad-justable in relation to said first unit, there is also a second unit, llSt~4'~0 rotatably supported. The second unit has beams 9a and 9b for a part 9c in the form of a plate which has a flat surf~ace 9c'.
The beams 9a and 9b are guided by means of guide elements lOa, lOb, at which also securing means not specially shown are arranged, to secure the second unit in various desired angular positions.
Said first unit with the clamping bar 4 can be actuated by means of an operating rod 11, which has a handle lla. The rod is supported at the upper ends of the vertical beams la and lb so that it can be displaced in its longitudinal direction. The free end of the rod has a rotatable support llb, via which the clamping part is connected, in order to enable the actuation movements of the first unit.
As will be noted from, inter alia, figure 4, the loading table is provided with a number of holding trou~ segments 12, arranged in an endless chain. The chain is arranged in two storeys, of which the upper one is in connection with a straight depositing plane 13 for a number of ammunition units, e.g. in the form of shells 14. In the example of the embodiment the loading table is arranged to be capable of receiving a total of three shells simultaneously. It is then characteristic for the loading table that it works with holding troughs 15 for the shells, the respective holding trough then being intended to receive one ammunition unit.
Said holding troughs are formed in said upper storey by the holding trough segments assembling in pairs so that a respective pair forms a holding trough. The holding trough segments in the respective pair are then unsymmetrical in relation to each other in the cross-section according to figure 4. The holding trough segments in the respective pair substantially form a semicircle in the cross-sections. The segment located farthest to the front in the feeding direction M then has an arc length which is greater than the arc length of the rear segment. Said straight depositing plane 13 for the shells 14 can be considered to be tangent internally to all of the holding troughs formed in said upper storey.
~S~4 ~0 The holding trough segments are fastened at the bottom to links 16 which are connected together in an endless drive chain, in accord-ance with fiyure 4. Two such drive chains are arranged at the loading table, of which, however, only one drive chain is shown in the figures. The holding trough segments have a length a and the drive chains are arranged at the ends of the respective holding trough segments. The two drive chains comprise two sprocket wheels 17, 18, for the respective drive chain. The sprocket wheels at the ends of the respective drive chain are supported on the same shaft, in accordance with figure 6, which shows the front pair of sprocket wheels 17, 17' which form the driving wheels in the drive chains. The sprocket wheels and shaft are rotatably supported in the frame via ball bearings 20, 21. See also figure 3, which shows the fastening arrangements for the ball bearings 20 and 20' for one and the same drive chain. One end of the shaft 19 is applied in a drive wheel 22 described in the following, which is comprised in a step drive mechanism for the drive chains.
The sprocket wheels 17, 18 coact with the links 16 of the respective drive chain via straight actuating surfaces 17a and 18a, respectively. Thus, in its cross-section shown in figure 4, the respective chain wheel has the form of a polygon. In the example of the embodiment with three holding troughs in the straight depositing plane and step movements with a spacing distance b between the holding troughs for each actuation, the sprocket wheels have been given the form of a heptagon.
This design is particularly favourable owing to its unsymme-trical meshing with the links in the respective drive chain.
Said unsymmetrical meshing involves that the chain tension can be kept substantially constant in the respective drive chain during the step movement. If the corner 17b of the sprocket wheel 17 is regarded, it will be noted that at clockwise rotation it will mesh with the link 16' in question, and in its uppermost position it would strive to stretch the drive chain. At the same 11~4 . 0 9 time, however, the corner 17c leaves its lowest point, involving that a corresponding slackening function arises, etc. During the driving of the chain, the links 16 in the respective drive chain slide along a horizontal slide rail 23 ~figure 4) which moreover in accordance with figures 10 and lOa is set at an angle with a side support rail 24 which supports the chain links on the out-sides. A slide rail 25 corresponding to said side support rail is also arranged in the lower storey of the chain.
The holding trough segments are driven via the relevant sprocket wheel, and the drive chain manually by means of a step drive mechanism which comprises, inter alia, the hand wheel 26 shown in figure 1, the step drive mechanism then being arranged so that one turn of the crank corresponds to a step of one spacing distance b (figure 4). As will be noted from figure 2, the crank 26 is provided with a stop pin 26a which defines the starting position. The support for the hand wheel at the free ends of the frame beams 3a and 3b is shown in figures 2 and 12. The hand wheel is in connection with a drive wheel, see also figure 11, which in an enlarged view and in cross-section shows the shaft support for the hand wheel and said wheel 27. Via a belt or chain 28 the wheel 27 is in connection with an elongate rotatable shaft 29 supported in brackets 30 and 31 on the beam 3b and on a built out part 32 of said beam 3a. Said built out part 32 is also supported by a transversal element 33 comprised in the frame, which extends from the middle parts of the vertical beam la to the middle parts of the beam 3b. The inner end of the rod 29 has a sprocket wheel 34 which via a chain 35 drives the drive wheel 22 mentioned above which actuates the shaft 19 and therewith the sprocket wheels 17, 17' for the driving. The bearing bracket for the bearing 20 is shown in figure 8.
In order to prevent undue movements of the step drive mechanism, the rotatable shaft 29 is in coaction with a blocking mechanism according to figure 9. Said mechanism comprises an electro-4~
magnet 36, which is known in itself, which is controlledelectrically by the functions in question (e.g. the recoiling parts) of a firearm, e.q. a field howitzer, at which the loading table is intended to be used. The electromagnet actuates a blocking plunger 37 which in the unactuated position of the magnet is engaged with a cleat on the shaft 29, and thereby prevents the shaft from being further turned. In the actuated position of the magnet, the blocking plunger is released from the shaft, and permits it to be turned. As regards the design of the holding troughs formed by the pairs of holding trough segments, the holding troughs are pulled over the centre at the rear edge 12c. Said rear edge is intended to coact with the front edge of a driving band 14a located on the shell in question or the like. The respective holding trough segments are made with side recesses 12d which extend under the centre (applicable to the cross-section) which extend up to the centre with their middle and front parts with sections 12e and 12f, respectively.
Through the side recesses, the holding troughs form compound recesses, viewed from above. The holding troughs which are thus open from straight above permit the shells to be deposited in the holding troughs directly from above, i.e. under parallel displacement of the respective shell at right angles (see arrow P
in figure 4) towards the depositing plane 13. Said compound side recesses then permit application of the shells on the table by means of a cassette, and said compound side recesses then enable gripping means on the cassette to be inserted between the holding troughs and released when the respective shell has reached its posit_on in the respective holding trough. With said cassette more than one shell can be applied simultaneously to the table, and the cassette, in addition to said parallel displace-ment of the shell, then also keeps the shells oriented in space so that they are in a horizontal position and parallel to each other. The cassette is then arranged so that, like the loading table, it can support three ammunition units. When depositing '0 one or two shells on the table from the cassette, this can take place if the~cassette has the same number of shells as there are empty holding troughs. The empty holding troughs should then be farthest towards the outside of the loading table, i.e. at the beam 2e and the rod 11, which makes it possible to insert an empty compartment in the cassette over the beam 2e and the rod 11.
The loading table is fastened or can be fastened to the artillery piece in question, e.g. a field howitzer, via e.g. the vertical beams la, lb, lf,and lg.
FUNCTIONING
The loading table described above functions in the following way. In order to enable the application of the shells, the clamping bar 4 is swung over rearwards through manual longitu-dinal displacement rearwards of the rod 11, and said first and second units with the beams Sa, Sb,and 6a-6d are then swung over rearwards and therewith the clamping bar 4. The number of shells in question are lowered horizontally and parallel to each other by means of a cassette or the like at right angles to the depositing plane 13. When the shells have assumed their positions in the holding troughs, the rear edges 12c of these, through coaction with the front edges of the driving bands 14a of the shells,prevent the shells from being displaced forwards in connection with the subsequent recoil movements of the firearm.
Movements directed rearwards of the shell are prevented by the plate 9c, the surface 9c' of which is located at the rear end 14b of the shells. By the suspension of the plate 9c being adjustable in relation to the suspension of the clamping bar, the plate can be set for different distances between the driving band and the rear end of the shells, i.e. the loading table can be used for shells of various types. The suspension beams 9a and 9b for the plate, in accordance with the above, are arranged so that they 115~4'f C~
can be secured to the guide elements lOa and lOb for securing the plate in a position where its surface is located just behind the rear end of the shells. The securing means can then consist of a clamping device of a kind which is known in itself.
When the shells have been applied and the cassette has been removed, the`clamping bar 4 is swung back by means of the rod 11.
The distance between the underside of the clamping bar and the upper parts of the shells has been chosen with comparatively little play, and the shells are thereby fixed also as regards movements directed upwards in connection with the recoiling move-ments of the firearm. However, said play is chosen so that the lateral displacement of the shells between the recoiling actions is not prevented.
In order to remove one shell at a time from the loading table to e.g. a loading tray, not shown, or the like, the hand crank shall be actuated one turn. The hand crank is pulled outwards to release the catch 26a and can thereafter be turned one turn, provided that the blocking magnet 36 has received an all-clear signal from the lo~ding system in front of it, and has retracted its blocking device 37. The movements of the hand crank are transferred via the wheel 27, the chain 28, the rotatable shaft 2~,the wheel 34, the chain 35,and the drive wheel 22 to the shaft 19 and therewith the sprocket wheels 17 and 17' for the two drive chains. The chains are stepped forwards one spacing b, which involves that the holding trough segments which form the front holding trough on the table are successively tipped down at the front ends of the chain. Because of the extended arc form of the front holding trough segment, a long supported depositing movement for the shell in question takes place. It is only when said holding trough segment has been tipped down to a level with the centre line 38 (figure 4) of the chain that the actual depositing of the shell down into a loading tray or the like, not shown, takes place. The following rear holding trough segment will then, when also this tips down over the front edges of the chains, give a pushing actuation of the shell or the like, to ensure that the shell will be correctly placed in the loading tray.
` 115~4 ~'0 When the crank has been turned one turn and said step and depositing has been carried out, the magnet 36 will prevent actuation of the crank a further turn until an all-clear signal has been received that the loading system in front of the loading table is ready to receive a further shell. The all-clear signal actuates the magnet 36 and the crank can thereafter be actuated to deposit a new shell, etc.
When placing new shells on the loading table, the clamping bar 4 is swung out of the way, and the cassette can be lowered over the table with the number of shells in question.
The invention is not limited to the embodiment shown above as an example, but can be subject to modifications within the scope of the following claims and the concept of the invention. Thus, the design of the various palts comprised in the table can be varied and/or to a certain extent automati~ed. The step drive mechanism can then be made automatic, instead of manual, etc.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The parts comprised in the new loading table consist of tech-nically simple components which are easy to manufacture and assemble in efficient production. At the manufacture, the loading table can be integrated with the artillery piece in question, but it can also easily be applied to artillery pieces already in field service.
Loading table TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a loading table comprising a stable frame with a substantially flat depositing plane for units of ammunition, e.g. shells lying beside each other and with feeding means allotted to the units which in dependence on actuations displace the units laterally in the plane and remove them from same, one at a time.
The new loading table is then intended to be mounted on artillery pieces of various kinds, and as an example of these may be men-tioned a field howitzer which can be driven.
.~
11St~4 ~0 BACKGROUND ART
A number of loading tables for firearms of the kind in question are previously known, and of these may be mentioned a loading table which has a depositing plane for the shells or the like and on which the shells can roll on the depositing plane owing to the inclination of the plane towards the removal position and under the control of a step drive mechanism.
For loading tables it is also previously known to utilize holding troughs in which the ammunition units in question can be applied and fed forwards.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
~ = .
TECHNICAL PROBLEM
For e.g. a field howitzer, however, there is a need for a techni-cally simple loading table, which is small from the point of view of space but from the point of view of functioning nevertheless well functioning, which moreover shall be capable of permitting effective depositing of the ammunition units by means of a loading cassette or the like. Thus, it shall be possible to deposit a plurality of ammunition units simultaneously in dependence on how the feed from the loading table progresses. It shall be possible to lift a predetermined number of units simultaneously to the loading table, which number in the present case has been chosen to be a maximum of three. However, receiving can take place of only one ammunition unit or two ammunition units at a time.
Units of one kind are then received in the respective lift and depositing, but receiving of units of different kinds in the same lift can occur. On loading tables of the kind in question there is also a requirement that the am~unition units in their applied positions shall be effectively secured against actuations from the recoiling parts in connection with firing.
4`~0 It is difficult for the previously known loading tables to fulfil the above-mentioned requirements, and it is therefore a main purpose of the present invention to replace the known loading tables within the field of use in question. The principle with e.g. rolling cannot be used for e.g. an ammunition unit which has front guiding cleats instead of a front guide surface, which poses problems in maintaining the rolling direction from the table.
THE SOLUTION
According to the invention there is provided a loading table comprising a stable frame for receiving units of ammunition, e.g.
shells lying beside each other and with feeding means allotted to the units which in dependence on actuations displace the units laterally in the plane and remove them from same, one at a time, characterized in that the feeding means comprises a number of holding trough segments arranged in an endless chain in two storeys, of which the upper storey is placed in connection with said depositing plane, that the holding trough segments can be put together in pairs in said plane so that a respective pair forms a holding trough for a unit, that the holding trough segments are fastened in at least one drive chain also comprised in the feeding means and which can be actuated with a step drive mechanism belonging to the driving means and which can be subjected to said actuations which at each actuation move the holding trough segments forwards a distance corresponding to a spacing distance between two holding troughs, that in the respective step forwards position all of the holding trough segments in said holding troughs formed in said upper liS~34 ~ ~
storey are in said depositing plane, that the holding trough segments are arranged so that said holding troughs which are formed are capable of receiving new units directly from above during parallel displace-ment substantially at right angles to the depositing plane in a number corresponding to the number of units removed from the plane and then, when receiving two or more units, to receive these simultaneously and when they are arranged parallel to each other.
ADVANTAGES
Through the arrangement proposed an effectively functioning loading table is obtained, on which shells of various lengths and forms can be placed, transported, and removed. The loading table also permits the shells to be applied by means of a cassette or the like.
The fixing of the shells to the loading table during the recoiling movements of the firearm is also effective, and does not interfere with the normal functions of the loading table. The table can receive various kinds of ammunition which varies as regards the length and the distance between the rear end and the driving band. The new table can also receive shells which have guiding cleats instead of front guiding means.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
An embodiment proposed at present of a loading table which has the characteristics significant for the invention will be described in the following, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 in a view from above shows the new loading table, 115t~
figure 2. in a side view shows the loading table according to figure 1, figure 3 from one end shows the loading table according to figures 1 and 2, figure 4 shows the feeding means for shells or corresponding ammunition units in the loading table according to figures 1-3, figure 5 in cross-section and along section A-A in figure 2 shows supporting arrangements for a clamping bar comprised in the loading table, figure 6 in cross-section and along the section B-B in figure 2 shows the supporting arrangement for the sprocket wheels comprised in the feeding means, figure 7 in cross-section and along the section C-C in figure 2 shows the supporting arrangement for a shaft comprised in a step drive mechanism, figure 8 in cross-section and along the section D-D in figure 2 shows a first part in the step drive mechanism, figure 9 partly in cross-section and along the section E-E
in figure 1 shows further parts of the step drive mechanism, figure 10 in cross-section and along the section F-F in figure 2 shows slide guides for links comprised in the drive chains belonging to said step drive mechanism, figure lOa partly in cross-section and along section I-I
in figure 10 shows a slide guide in detail, llSt~ O
Figure 11 in cross-section and enlarged in relation to Figure 2 shows the support for a hand crank utilized in the step drive mechanism, and Figure 12 in a view along the section J-J in Figure 2 shows the securing device for the hand crank shown in connection with Figure 11.
BEST MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In accordance with Figures 1-3 the new loading table comprises a stable frame with a number of vertically arranged beams la-lf and a number of horizontally arranged beams 2a-2g. The frame comprises two beams 3a, 3b, extending straight forwards from the lower parts of the frame and directed obliquely upwards, of which one of the beams 3a is fastened at the middle parts of a lower horizontal beam 2c and the other beam 3b is fastened to a lower front corner formed by the beams 2c and lf. The free ends of the beams 3a and 3b are on a level with the upper parts of the frame.
At the rear parts of the frame, on the two lower horizontal beams 2g and 2f a first unit is rotatably supported which supports a horizontally arranged clamping bar 4 which is lowerable and removable from the loading table by means of the unit. The first unit comprises a first frame part with beams 5a, 5b, and a second frame part which is set at an angle in relation to the first frame part, and which has the beams 6a-~d, the clamping bar 4 then being connected to the free ends of the beams 6a, 6b, and 6c. Positioning elements 7a and 7b fix the first and second frame parts to each other. The rotatable support for the first unit is indicated by 8a and 8b, and consists, in principle, of a journal support.
On the same rotatable supports 8a and 8b, but individually ad-justable in relation to said first unit, there is also a second unit, llSt~4'~0 rotatably supported. The second unit has beams 9a and 9b for a part 9c in the form of a plate which has a flat surf~ace 9c'.
The beams 9a and 9b are guided by means of guide elements lOa, lOb, at which also securing means not specially shown are arranged, to secure the second unit in various desired angular positions.
Said first unit with the clamping bar 4 can be actuated by means of an operating rod 11, which has a handle lla. The rod is supported at the upper ends of the vertical beams la and lb so that it can be displaced in its longitudinal direction. The free end of the rod has a rotatable support llb, via which the clamping part is connected, in order to enable the actuation movements of the first unit.
As will be noted from, inter alia, figure 4, the loading table is provided with a number of holding trou~ segments 12, arranged in an endless chain. The chain is arranged in two storeys, of which the upper one is in connection with a straight depositing plane 13 for a number of ammunition units, e.g. in the form of shells 14. In the example of the embodiment the loading table is arranged to be capable of receiving a total of three shells simultaneously. It is then characteristic for the loading table that it works with holding troughs 15 for the shells, the respective holding trough then being intended to receive one ammunition unit.
Said holding troughs are formed in said upper storey by the holding trough segments assembling in pairs so that a respective pair forms a holding trough. The holding trough segments in the respective pair are then unsymmetrical in relation to each other in the cross-section according to figure 4. The holding trough segments in the respective pair substantially form a semicircle in the cross-sections. The segment located farthest to the front in the feeding direction M then has an arc length which is greater than the arc length of the rear segment. Said straight depositing plane 13 for the shells 14 can be considered to be tangent internally to all of the holding troughs formed in said upper storey.
~S~4 ~0 The holding trough segments are fastened at the bottom to links 16 which are connected together in an endless drive chain, in accord-ance with fiyure 4. Two such drive chains are arranged at the loading table, of which, however, only one drive chain is shown in the figures. The holding trough segments have a length a and the drive chains are arranged at the ends of the respective holding trough segments. The two drive chains comprise two sprocket wheels 17, 18, for the respective drive chain. The sprocket wheels at the ends of the respective drive chain are supported on the same shaft, in accordance with figure 6, which shows the front pair of sprocket wheels 17, 17' which form the driving wheels in the drive chains. The sprocket wheels and shaft are rotatably supported in the frame via ball bearings 20, 21. See also figure 3, which shows the fastening arrangements for the ball bearings 20 and 20' for one and the same drive chain. One end of the shaft 19 is applied in a drive wheel 22 described in the following, which is comprised in a step drive mechanism for the drive chains.
The sprocket wheels 17, 18 coact with the links 16 of the respective drive chain via straight actuating surfaces 17a and 18a, respectively. Thus, in its cross-section shown in figure 4, the respective chain wheel has the form of a polygon. In the example of the embodiment with three holding troughs in the straight depositing plane and step movements with a spacing distance b between the holding troughs for each actuation, the sprocket wheels have been given the form of a heptagon.
This design is particularly favourable owing to its unsymme-trical meshing with the links in the respective drive chain.
Said unsymmetrical meshing involves that the chain tension can be kept substantially constant in the respective drive chain during the step movement. If the corner 17b of the sprocket wheel 17 is regarded, it will be noted that at clockwise rotation it will mesh with the link 16' in question, and in its uppermost position it would strive to stretch the drive chain. At the same 11~4 . 0 9 time, however, the corner 17c leaves its lowest point, involving that a corresponding slackening function arises, etc. During the driving of the chain, the links 16 in the respective drive chain slide along a horizontal slide rail 23 ~figure 4) which moreover in accordance with figures 10 and lOa is set at an angle with a side support rail 24 which supports the chain links on the out-sides. A slide rail 25 corresponding to said side support rail is also arranged in the lower storey of the chain.
The holding trough segments are driven via the relevant sprocket wheel, and the drive chain manually by means of a step drive mechanism which comprises, inter alia, the hand wheel 26 shown in figure 1, the step drive mechanism then being arranged so that one turn of the crank corresponds to a step of one spacing distance b (figure 4). As will be noted from figure 2, the crank 26 is provided with a stop pin 26a which defines the starting position. The support for the hand wheel at the free ends of the frame beams 3a and 3b is shown in figures 2 and 12. The hand wheel is in connection with a drive wheel, see also figure 11, which in an enlarged view and in cross-section shows the shaft support for the hand wheel and said wheel 27. Via a belt or chain 28 the wheel 27 is in connection with an elongate rotatable shaft 29 supported in brackets 30 and 31 on the beam 3b and on a built out part 32 of said beam 3a. Said built out part 32 is also supported by a transversal element 33 comprised in the frame, which extends from the middle parts of the vertical beam la to the middle parts of the beam 3b. The inner end of the rod 29 has a sprocket wheel 34 which via a chain 35 drives the drive wheel 22 mentioned above which actuates the shaft 19 and therewith the sprocket wheels 17, 17' for the driving. The bearing bracket for the bearing 20 is shown in figure 8.
In order to prevent undue movements of the step drive mechanism, the rotatable shaft 29 is in coaction with a blocking mechanism according to figure 9. Said mechanism comprises an electro-4~
magnet 36, which is known in itself, which is controlledelectrically by the functions in question (e.g. the recoiling parts) of a firearm, e.q. a field howitzer, at which the loading table is intended to be used. The electromagnet actuates a blocking plunger 37 which in the unactuated position of the magnet is engaged with a cleat on the shaft 29, and thereby prevents the shaft from being further turned. In the actuated position of the magnet, the blocking plunger is released from the shaft, and permits it to be turned. As regards the design of the holding troughs formed by the pairs of holding trough segments, the holding troughs are pulled over the centre at the rear edge 12c. Said rear edge is intended to coact with the front edge of a driving band 14a located on the shell in question or the like. The respective holding trough segments are made with side recesses 12d which extend under the centre (applicable to the cross-section) which extend up to the centre with their middle and front parts with sections 12e and 12f, respectively.
Through the side recesses, the holding troughs form compound recesses, viewed from above. The holding troughs which are thus open from straight above permit the shells to be deposited in the holding troughs directly from above, i.e. under parallel displacement of the respective shell at right angles (see arrow P
in figure 4) towards the depositing plane 13. Said compound side recesses then permit application of the shells on the table by means of a cassette, and said compound side recesses then enable gripping means on the cassette to be inserted between the holding troughs and released when the respective shell has reached its posit_on in the respective holding trough. With said cassette more than one shell can be applied simultaneously to the table, and the cassette, in addition to said parallel displace-ment of the shell, then also keeps the shells oriented in space so that they are in a horizontal position and parallel to each other. The cassette is then arranged so that, like the loading table, it can support three ammunition units. When depositing '0 one or two shells on the table from the cassette, this can take place if the~cassette has the same number of shells as there are empty holding troughs. The empty holding troughs should then be farthest towards the outside of the loading table, i.e. at the beam 2e and the rod 11, which makes it possible to insert an empty compartment in the cassette over the beam 2e and the rod 11.
The loading table is fastened or can be fastened to the artillery piece in question, e.g. a field howitzer, via e.g. the vertical beams la, lb, lf,and lg.
FUNCTIONING
The loading table described above functions in the following way. In order to enable the application of the shells, the clamping bar 4 is swung over rearwards through manual longitu-dinal displacement rearwards of the rod 11, and said first and second units with the beams Sa, Sb,and 6a-6d are then swung over rearwards and therewith the clamping bar 4. The number of shells in question are lowered horizontally and parallel to each other by means of a cassette or the like at right angles to the depositing plane 13. When the shells have assumed their positions in the holding troughs, the rear edges 12c of these, through coaction with the front edges of the driving bands 14a of the shells,prevent the shells from being displaced forwards in connection with the subsequent recoil movements of the firearm.
Movements directed rearwards of the shell are prevented by the plate 9c, the surface 9c' of which is located at the rear end 14b of the shells. By the suspension of the plate 9c being adjustable in relation to the suspension of the clamping bar, the plate can be set for different distances between the driving band and the rear end of the shells, i.e. the loading table can be used for shells of various types. The suspension beams 9a and 9b for the plate, in accordance with the above, are arranged so that they 115~4'f C~
can be secured to the guide elements lOa and lOb for securing the plate in a position where its surface is located just behind the rear end of the shells. The securing means can then consist of a clamping device of a kind which is known in itself.
When the shells have been applied and the cassette has been removed, the`clamping bar 4 is swung back by means of the rod 11.
The distance between the underside of the clamping bar and the upper parts of the shells has been chosen with comparatively little play, and the shells are thereby fixed also as regards movements directed upwards in connection with the recoiling move-ments of the firearm. However, said play is chosen so that the lateral displacement of the shells between the recoiling actions is not prevented.
In order to remove one shell at a time from the loading table to e.g. a loading tray, not shown, or the like, the hand crank shall be actuated one turn. The hand crank is pulled outwards to release the catch 26a and can thereafter be turned one turn, provided that the blocking magnet 36 has received an all-clear signal from the lo~ding system in front of it, and has retracted its blocking device 37. The movements of the hand crank are transferred via the wheel 27, the chain 28, the rotatable shaft 2~,the wheel 34, the chain 35,and the drive wheel 22 to the shaft 19 and therewith the sprocket wheels 17 and 17' for the two drive chains. The chains are stepped forwards one spacing b, which involves that the holding trough segments which form the front holding trough on the table are successively tipped down at the front ends of the chain. Because of the extended arc form of the front holding trough segment, a long supported depositing movement for the shell in question takes place. It is only when said holding trough segment has been tipped down to a level with the centre line 38 (figure 4) of the chain that the actual depositing of the shell down into a loading tray or the like, not shown, takes place. The following rear holding trough segment will then, when also this tips down over the front edges of the chains, give a pushing actuation of the shell or the like, to ensure that the shell will be correctly placed in the loading tray.
` 115~4 ~'0 When the crank has been turned one turn and said step and depositing has been carried out, the magnet 36 will prevent actuation of the crank a further turn until an all-clear signal has been received that the loading system in front of the loading table is ready to receive a further shell. The all-clear signal actuates the magnet 36 and the crank can thereafter be actuated to deposit a new shell, etc.
When placing new shells on the loading table, the clamping bar 4 is swung out of the way, and the cassette can be lowered over the table with the number of shells in question.
The invention is not limited to the embodiment shown above as an example, but can be subject to modifications within the scope of the following claims and the concept of the invention. Thus, the design of the various palts comprised in the table can be varied and/or to a certain extent automati~ed. The step drive mechanism can then be made automatic, instead of manual, etc.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The parts comprised in the new loading table consist of tech-nically simple components which are easy to manufacture and assemble in efficient production. At the manufacture, the loading table can be integrated with the artillery piece in question, but it can also easily be applied to artillery pieces already in field service.
Claims (10)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A loading table comprising a stable frame for receiving units of ammunition, e.g. shells lying beside each other and with feeding means allotted to the units which in dependence on actuations displace the units laterally in the plane and remove them from same, one at a time, characterized in that the feeding means comprises a number of holding trough segments arranged in an endless chain in two storeys, of which the upper storey is placed in connection with said depositing plane, that the holding trough segments can be put together in pairs in said plane so that a respective pair forms a holding trough for a unit, that the holding trough segments are fastened in at least one drive chain also comprised in the feeding means and which can be actuated with a step drive mechanism belonging to the driving means and which can be subjected to said actuations which at each actuation move the holding trough segments forwards a distance corresponding to a spacing distance between two holding troughs, that in the respective step forwards position all of the holding trough segments in said holding troughs formed in said upper storey are in said depositing plane, that the holding trough segments are arranged so that said holding troughs which are formed are capable of receiving new units directly from above during parallel displacement substantially at right angles to the depositing plane in a number corresponding to the number of units removed from the plane and then, when receiving two or more units, to receive these simultaneously and when they are arranged parallel to each other.
2. A loading table according to claim 1, two drive chains then being used, characterized in that the holding trough segments at their outer edges are connected together with links in said drive chains, that the links in the respective drive chains are arranged to slide on a first slide rail extending in the feeding direction of the holding troughs and that at their outsides they are supported by a second slide rail which is arranged at right angles in relation to the first slide rail.
3. A loading table according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the respective drive chain can be driven via sprocket wheels with straight coaction surfaces for the links of the chain, and that the sprocket wheels are arranged in such a way with their coaction surfaces that a minimum variation will arise in the chain tension during the driving of the respective chain by means of the sprocket wheels.
4. A loading table according to claim 2, characterized in that the respective sprocket wheel is heptagonal, i.e. the number of coaction surfaces is seven, such an unsymmetrical configuration of the cross-section of the sprocket wheel then being obtained that when an upper corner approaches a highest point this corres-ponds to a lower corner at the same time leaving its lowest point, involving that the tendency caused by the upper corner to stretch the chain is counteracted by a slackening of the chain at the lower corner.
5. A loading table according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that the holding trough segments are unsymmetrical in relation to each other, and in a pair of segments which form a holding trough the cross-section of the holding trough in the front holding trough segment in the feeding direction of the hold-ing trough has an arc length which exceeds the arc length of the rear holding trough segment, and that said front holding trough segment is arranged so that in connection with the removal of a unit in question from the plane to achieve a depositing movement in which the front holding trough segment supports the unit in its movement when falling down from the plane so that the unit by means of its moving and weight fulfils the downwards falling movement, the rear holding trough segment then also being arranged to contribute to the positioning of the unit at the side of the table by achieving a push actuation of the unit if this should not fall down straight in connection with the depositing at the side of the table.
6. A loading table according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that the holding trough composed of a pair of respective holding trough segments is made with a rear edge drawn over the centre which after the application of the ammunition unit in question in the holding trough is intended to coact with a front edge of a section (e.g. a driving band) located on the unit and thereby cause the unit to remain fixed as regards forward movements.
7. A loading table according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that it comprises a rotatably supported clamping bar which in its first end position is turned down over the hold-ing troughs to prevent any units placed in these from moving upwards, and which in its second end position uncovers the holding troughs for possibly receiving new ammunition units.
8. A loading table according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that it comprises a rotatably supported blocking surface which is arranged to be facing and located at the rear surfaces of any ammunition units applied in the holding troughs to prevent the units from sliding rearwards in the holding troughs.
9. A loading table according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that the respective holding trough which is formed is arranged to extend up around the ammunition unit in question at a front guide means or bourrelet existing on the unit, and that the respective holding trough is recessed under the centre line of the ammunition unit along its sides to form side recesses which permit receiving of ammunition units in the holding troughs by means of a cassette or the like and depositing them on a loading tray located at the side of the table which has extending lips arranged to extend into the side recesses to receive the shell.
10. A loading table according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that the feeding mechanism comprises a hand-operated crank, and that the step drive mechanism is arranged to achieve a movement of one step at one turn of the crank.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE7910436A SE430820B (en) | 1979-12-18 | 1979-12-18 | loading table |
| SE7910436-0 | 1979-12-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1158470A true CA1158470A (en) | 1983-12-13 |
Family
ID=20339581
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000366983A Expired CA1158470A (en) | 1979-12-18 | 1980-12-17 | Loading table for firearms |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4393747A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5694198A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1158470A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH652202A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3047394A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI68906C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2472162B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2065844B (en) |
| IL (1) | IL61590A (en) |
| IN (1) | IN155618B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1146948B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8006839A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO153703C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE430820B (en) |
| YU (1) | YU43481B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3725666C2 (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1995-11-16 | Rheinmetall Ind Gmbh | Magazine chain for taking ammunition |
| FR2668253B1 (en) * | 1990-10-17 | 1994-09-30 | Creusot Loire | DEVICE FOR IDENTIFYING AND MONITORING THE AMMUNITION OF A SELF-LOADING FIREARMS AND METHOD FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION. |
| DE19738418C2 (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 2000-11-09 | Rheinmetall Ind Ag | Ammunition magazine for large-caliber ammunition |
| IT1299951B1 (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2000-04-04 | Ima Spa | CONVEYOR FOR HANDLING AND CONTAINERS BETWEEN OPERATING STATIONS. |
| SE512596C2 (en) * | 1998-07-29 | 2000-04-10 | Aga Ab | Device and conveyor belt for making pellets |
| DE102004050215B4 (en) * | 2004-08-11 | 2019-05-02 | Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh | Ammunition chain for especially large-caliber ammunition in an ammunition magazine |
| US7237580B2 (en) * | 2005-02-16 | 2007-07-03 | Evergreen Packaging Inc. | Container guide for a container filling apparatus |
| CN110949992B (en) * | 2018-04-05 | 2021-05-07 | 新昌县澄潭镇科创机械配件厂 | Continuous machining device for disc-shaped workpieces |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1136695A (en) * | 1914-12-02 | 1915-04-20 | Alexander Miclaus Jr | Automatic gun. |
| US2460384A (en) * | 1944-05-25 | 1949-02-01 | United Shoe Machinery Corp | Gun-loading mechanism |
| FR1099576A (en) * | 1954-02-16 | 1955-09-07 | Armored combat vehicle | |
| US3376968A (en) * | 1965-03-26 | 1968-04-09 | George T. Lott | Loading fixture |
| DE1301742B (en) * | 1966-01-26 | 1969-08-21 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Magazine for guns built into armored domes |
| US3703954A (en) * | 1971-03-16 | 1972-11-28 | Artos Engineering Co | Conveyor system for wire like articles |
| JPS5036622Y2 (en) * | 1971-05-31 | 1975-10-25 | ||
| JPS4919744U (en) * | 1972-05-22 | 1974-02-19 | ||
| SE396998B (en) * | 1973-04-02 | 1977-10-10 | Bofors Ab | DEVICE FOR CHARGING AN ARTILLERY PIECE |
| US4044649A (en) * | 1973-09-17 | 1977-08-30 | General Electric Company | Conveyor mechanism |
| JPS50102072A (en) * | 1974-01-21 | 1975-08-13 | ||
| JPS5262869A (en) * | 1975-11-18 | 1977-05-24 | Hatsuo Sakurazawa | Device for conveying out food container |
| SE413697B (en) * | 1976-03-31 | 1980-06-16 | Bofors Ab | TRANSPORTING DEVICE FOR ARTILLERY SHOT |
| US4041822A (en) * | 1976-06-11 | 1977-08-16 | Gabel Floyd S | Sausage slicing machine |
| JPS5726352Y2 (en) * | 1976-07-31 | 1982-06-08 |
-
1979
- 1979-12-18 SE SE7910436A patent/SE430820B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1980
- 1980-11-30 IL IL61590A patent/IL61590A/en unknown
- 1980-12-10 FI FI803829A patent/FI68906C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-12-11 JP JP17521380A patent/JPS5694198A/en active Granted
- 1980-12-16 DE DE19803047394 patent/DE3047394A1/en active Granted
- 1980-12-16 IT IT8050379A patent/IT1146948B/en active
- 1980-12-17 YU YU3183/80A patent/YU43481B/en unknown
- 1980-12-17 CH CH9320/80A patent/CH652202A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-12-17 FR FR8026825A patent/FR2472162B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-12-17 NO NO803822A patent/NO153703C/en unknown
- 1980-12-17 CA CA000366983A patent/CA1158470A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-12-17 NL NL8006839A patent/NL8006839A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-12-18 US US06/217,635 patent/US4393747A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1980-12-18 GB GB8040592A patent/GB2065844B/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-02-19 IN IN92/DEL/81A patent/IN155618B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI68906C (en) | 1985-11-11 |
| SE7910436L (en) | 1981-06-19 |
| FI803829L (en) | 1981-06-19 |
| FI68906B (en) | 1985-07-31 |
| NO153703B (en) | 1986-01-27 |
| IT1146948B (en) | 1986-11-19 |
| DE3047394A1 (en) | 1981-09-17 |
| YU318380A (en) | 1983-09-30 |
| JPS5694198A (en) | 1981-07-30 |
| CH652202A5 (en) | 1985-10-31 |
| IL61590A (en) | 1984-10-31 |
| GB2065844B (en) | 1983-07-27 |
| SE430820B (en) | 1983-12-12 |
| FR2472162B1 (en) | 1986-04-18 |
| NO803822L (en) | 1981-06-19 |
| JPH0123719B2 (en) | 1989-05-08 |
| YU43481B (en) | 1989-08-31 |
| FR2472162A1 (en) | 1981-06-26 |
| IT8050379A0 (en) | 1980-12-16 |
| GB2065844A (en) | 1981-07-01 |
| IN155618B (en) | 1985-02-16 |
| US4393747A (en) | 1983-07-19 |
| NL8006839A (en) | 1981-07-16 |
| NO153703C (en) | 1986-05-07 |
| DE3047394C2 (en) | 1992-09-24 |
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| MKEX | Expiry |