CA1157909A - Electrochemical cell structure - Google Patents
Electrochemical cell structureInfo
- Publication number
- CA1157909A CA1157909A CA000360398A CA360398A CA1157909A CA 1157909 A CA1157909 A CA 1157909A CA 000360398 A CA000360398 A CA 000360398A CA 360398 A CA360398 A CA 360398A CA 1157909 A CA1157909 A CA 1157909A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cell
- anode
- cathode
- terminal
- separator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 200
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 claims description 27
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001537 lithium tetrachloroaluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MPDOUGUGIVBSGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(cyclobutylmethyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical group FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(NCC2CCC2)=C1 MPDOUGUGIVBSGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- VRDIULHPQTYCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Prothionamide Chemical compound CCCC1=CC(C(N)=S)=CC=N1 VRDIULHPQTYCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000005238 principal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GJCNZQUZWSHFHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].O=S=O Chemical compound [Li].O=S=O GJCNZQUZWSHFHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YYMBVTVMLPKZND-UHFFFAOYSA-N [ClH]1[ClH][ClH][ClH][Al]=C1C(=O)[O-].[Li+] Chemical compound [ClH]1[ClH][ClH][ClH][Al]=C1C(=O)[O-].[Li+] YYMBVTVMLPKZND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOZVEOGRIFZGRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].ClS(Cl)=O Chemical compound [Li].ClS(Cl)=O SOZVEOGRIFZGRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006181 electrochemical material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940037395 electrolytes Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical class [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001455 metallic ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SYHGEUNFJIGTRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenedioxypyrovalerone Chemical compound C=1C=C2OCOC2=CC=1C(=O)C(CCC)N1CCCC1 SYHGEUNFJIGTRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003334 potential effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
- H01M6/10—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid with wound or folded electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
- H01M50/588—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries outside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of terminals or busbars
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
- H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
- H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/42—Grouping of primary cells into batteries
- H01M6/46—Grouping of primary cells into batteries of flat cells
- H01M6/48—Grouping of primary cells into batteries of flat cells with bipolar electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/50—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance, e.g. for maintaining operating temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US144,660 | 1980-04-28 | ||
| US06/144,660 US4331745A (en) | 1980-04-28 | 1980-04-28 | Electrochemical cell structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1157909A true CA1157909A (en) | 1983-11-29 |
Family
ID=22509559
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000360398A Expired CA1157909A (en) | 1980-04-28 | 1980-09-17 | Electrochemical cell structure |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4331745A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0040458B1 (enExample) |
| JP (2) | JPS56153664A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1157909A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE3172936D1 (enExample) |
| IL (1) | IL62702A (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4366212A (en) * | 1981-02-09 | 1982-12-28 | Duracell International Inc. | Non-aqueous cell with fluid cathode depolarizer and corrodible cathode |
| US4450213A (en) * | 1982-01-18 | 1984-05-22 | Duracell Inc. | Cell having improved abuse resistance |
| DK266384A (da) * | 1983-06-24 | 1984-12-25 | Ray O Vac Corp | Lithiumcelle beskyttet mod skift i stroemretningen |
| US4563401A (en) * | 1983-08-08 | 1986-01-07 | Battery Engineering, Inc. | Electrochemical cell with adjustable step-like output voltage |
| DE3938262A1 (de) * | 1989-11-17 | 1991-05-23 | Asea Brown Boveri | Schutzeinrichtung fuer hochtemperaturbatterien |
| US5458997A (en) * | 1994-08-19 | 1995-10-17 | Medtronic, Inc. | Rebalancing of lithium/silver vandium oxide (Li/SVO) cells for improved performance |
| US5595839A (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1997-01-21 | Yardney Technical Products, Inc. | Bipolar lithium-ion rechargeable battery |
| EP0978888B1 (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2003-05-07 | Japan Storage Battery Company Limited | Nonaqueous electrolyte battery |
| US7341802B1 (en) | 2004-03-25 | 2008-03-11 | Quallion Llc | Feedthrough assembly and method |
| JP2008541353A (ja) * | 2005-05-03 | 2008-11-20 | ランディー オッグ， | バイポーラ電気化学二次電池 |
| KR20150021107A (ko) * | 2007-02-12 | 2015-02-27 | 랜디 오그 | 전기화학적 배터리의 적층 구조 |
| CA2703145A1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-04-30 | G4 Synergetics, Inc. | Dish shaped and pressure equalizing electrodes for electrochemical batteries |
| JP5540570B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-26 | 2014-07-02 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 双極型二次電池、双極型二次電池の製造方法、双極型電極、双極型電極の製造方法、組電池 |
| CN102341949A (zh) * | 2009-01-27 | 2012-02-01 | G4协同学公司 | 用于储能器件的电极折叠体 |
| KR20120016252A (ko) * | 2009-04-24 | 2012-02-23 | 지4 시너제틱스 인크. | 직렬 및 병렬로 전기적으로 결합된 단극 및 쌍극 셀을 갖는 에너지 저장 장치 |
| DE102016125168A1 (de) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-21 | Fortu New Battery Technology Gmbh | Wiederaufladbare elektrochemische Zelle mit keramischer Separatorschicht und Indikatorelektrode |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2614138A (en) * | 1950-01-26 | 1952-10-14 | Pierre A C Jacquier | Sealable storage battery construction |
| US3078329A (en) * | 1958-04-16 | 1963-02-19 | Union Carbide Corp | Battery assembly |
| US3200014A (en) * | 1962-02-14 | 1965-08-10 | Roberts Alan King | Auxiliary battery arrangement |
| US3278334A (en) * | 1963-06-25 | 1966-10-11 | Union Carbide Corp | Anode limited sealed secondary battery having an auxiliary electrode |
| US3752704A (en) * | 1971-11-22 | 1973-08-14 | Du Pont | Self-sealing battery with nonaqueous electrolyte |
| CA993503A (en) * | 1971-12-23 | 1976-07-20 | Union Carbide Corporation | Non-aqueous battery system |
| US3871921A (en) * | 1974-04-01 | 1975-03-18 | Union Carbide Corp | Flat alkaline cell construction and method for assembling the same |
| US3885991A (en) * | 1974-05-28 | 1975-05-27 | Gte Laboratories Inc | Primary electrochemical cell |
| US4127702A (en) * | 1977-10-11 | 1978-11-28 | Catanzarite Vincent Owen | Self-venting battery |
| US4129686A (en) * | 1977-11-16 | 1978-12-12 | Union Carbide Corporation | Pronged anode collector for internally shorting galvanic cells |
| US4184014A (en) * | 1978-11-24 | 1980-01-15 | P. R. Mallory & Co. Inc. | Abuse resistant cells containing fluid depolarizers |
-
1980
- 1980-04-28 US US06/144,660 patent/US4331745A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1980-09-16 JP JP12844880A patent/JPS56153664A/ja active Granted
- 1980-09-17 CA CA000360398A patent/CA1157909A/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-01-28 EP EP81300370A patent/EP0040458B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-01-28 DE DE8181300370T patent/DE3172936D1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-04-23 IL IL62702A patent/IL62702A/xx unknown
-
1988
- 1988-11-08 JP JP63282307A patent/JPH01194273A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0040458B1 (en) | 1985-11-21 |
| US4331745A (en) | 1982-05-25 |
| IL62702A0 (en) | 1981-06-29 |
| JPS56153664A (en) | 1981-11-27 |
| EP0040458A3 (en) | 1981-12-02 |
| EP0040458A2 (en) | 1981-11-25 |
| IL62702A (en) | 1984-05-31 |
| JPH01194273A (ja) | 1989-08-04 |
| JPH0411986B2 (enExample) | 1992-03-03 |
| DE3172936D1 (en) | 1986-01-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |