CA1146668A - Multiple antennae arrangements coupled via a power divider to provide directional and/or omnidirectional characteristics - Google Patents
Multiple antennae arrangements coupled via a power divider to provide directional and/or omnidirectional characteristicsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1146668A CA1146668A CA000348259A CA348259A CA1146668A CA 1146668 A CA1146668 A CA 1146668A CA 000348259 A CA000348259 A CA 000348259A CA 348259 A CA348259 A CA 348259A CA 1146668 A CA1146668 A CA 1146668A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- antennae
- arrangement
- directional
- shift device
- phase shift
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
- H04B7/084—Equal gain combining, only phase adjustments
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION
"MULTIPLE ANTENNAE ARRANGEMENTS COUPLED VIA A POWER DIVIDER TO
PROVIDE DIRECTIONAL AND/OR OMNIDIRECTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS"
The invention relates to a multiple antennae arrangement composed of at least two antennae (A1, A2) and providing directional and/or omnidirectional characteristics, the antennae being fed via a common power dividing junction (1), in particular for use in a mobile radio system comprising two directional antennae arranged mutually back to back. A
radiation characteristic which is substantially free of zero-points is produced by means of a controllable phase shift device (2) which is arranged in the feed path of an antenna and which is controlled in such manner that the interference pattern is changed to give the required radiation characteristic.
"MULTIPLE ANTENNAE ARRANGEMENTS COUPLED VIA A POWER DIVIDER TO
PROVIDE DIRECTIONAL AND/OR OMNIDIRECTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS"
The invention relates to a multiple antennae arrangement composed of at least two antennae (A1, A2) and providing directional and/or omnidirectional characteristics, the antennae being fed via a common power dividing junction (1), in particular for use in a mobile radio system comprising two directional antennae arranged mutually back to back. A
radiation characteristic which is substantially free of zero-points is produced by means of a controllable phase shift device (2) which is arranged in the feed path of an antenna and which is controlled in such manner that the interference pattern is changed to give the required radiation characteristic.
Description
"MULTIPLE ANTENNA~ ARRANGEMENTS COUPLED VIA A POWER DIVIDER TO
PROVIDE DIRECTIONAL AND/OR_OMNIDIRECI'IONAL_CHARACTERISTICS"
The invention relates to multiple antennae arrange-ments coupled -via a power divider to provide directional and/
or omnidirectional characteristics, in particular for a mobile radio system comprising two antennae arranged mutually back to back.
In antenna arrangements providing omnidirectional and directional characteristics, mutual interference produces zero points in the common radiation characteristic. In static installations, any possible resultant break in the communications pattern can be avoided by using adjustable phase networks whose phase can be set to give a fixed charact-eristic of the required pattern, so achieving a field strength minimum at specific angles of the antenna diagram.
One object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement composed of at least two antennae having direct-ional and/or omnidirectional characteristics, in which there are means producing a desired radiation characteristic with no zero points. In particular the arrangement is intended toavoid any zero-points in arrangements having two antennae arranced back to back for use in mobile radio systems, each of which antennae possesses directional and omnidirectional character-istics, and the two being commonly fed via a power dividing junction.
The invention consists in a multiple antennae arrangement having directional and/or omnidirectional ,,
PROVIDE DIRECTIONAL AND/OR_OMNIDIRECI'IONAL_CHARACTERISTICS"
The invention relates to multiple antennae arrange-ments coupled -via a power divider to provide directional and/
or omnidirectional characteristics, in particular for a mobile radio system comprising two antennae arranged mutually back to back.
In antenna arrangements providing omnidirectional and directional characteristics, mutual interference produces zero points in the common radiation characteristic. In static installations, any possible resultant break in the communications pattern can be avoided by using adjustable phase networks whose phase can be set to give a fixed charact-eristic of the required pattern, so achieving a field strength minimum at specific angles of the antenna diagram.
One object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement composed of at least two antennae having direct-ional and/or omnidirectional characteristics, in which there are means producing a desired radiation characteristic with no zero points. In particular the arrangement is intended toavoid any zero-points in arrangements having two antennae arranced back to back for use in mobile radio systems, each of which antennae possesses directional and omnidirectional character-istics, and the two being commonly fed via a power dividing junction.
The invention consists in a multiple antennae arrangement having directional and/or omnidirectional ,,
2 --characteristics, at least two antennae being fed via a common power divider, and an electronically controllable phase-shift device which is controlled in such manner that the resultant radiation characteristic is substantially free from zero-points.
In an arrangement comprising two directional antennae arranged mutually back to back, this enables a radiation characteristic of advantageous nature to be ' ` obtained that is generally omnidirectional, but provides two mutually opposed main lobes.
The phase shift device is advantageously controlled to vary an introduced phase angle periodically, adjusted by approximately 180 asynchronously with a frequency exceeding the signal band width of the receiver, the phase angle preferably being regulated in dependence upon reception level so that the reception level is at a maximum at all times, or so that the phase angle is controlled by means of an exter-nal signal to vary synchronously in time with a rotary or linear movement, for example.
In an arrangement comprising two directional antennae, each having one main radiation direction, together with one omnidirectional antenna, it is advantageous to provide a phase shift device in the feed path which is common to the two directional antennae at a point prior to the power dividing junction, or may be inserted in the feed path to the omnidirectional antenna.
The invention will now be described with reference to the drawings, in which:-Figure 1 is an explanatory gxaph showing a typical radiation diagram for two directional antennae arranged mutually back to back;
Figure 2 is a block schematic circuit diagram of one exemplary embodiment of such an antenna arrangement constructed in accordance with the invention; and Figure 3 is a block schematic circuit diagram of a ( further antenna arrangement constructed in accordance with the invention.
The radiation diagram shown in Figure 1 contains two mutually opposed main lobes, i.e. disposed at 180 relative to one another. A plurality of minor lobes, each of which exhibits an attenuation of 20 dB relative to the main lobes, and arranged symmetrically with respect thereto, in approximately rectangular sectors of a circle, whose central axes are each at 90 relative to the axis of the main lobes. These two groups of minor lobes, which are arranged in the shaded zone, are produced as a result of interference between the radiation from the two antennae. The radiation characteristic contains zero-points which lie between the individual minor lobes, and which represent an undesired interruption in the communications pattern.
Figure 2 illustrates an antenna arrangement comprising two directional antennae, A1 and A2, which are arranged mutually back to back and commonly fed via a 3 dB
coupler 1, and so providing a characteristic such as that shown in Figure 1, except for the fact that there is provided in the feed path to the antenna A2 a phase shift device 2 which is controlled electronically by a control voltage applied to a terminal Ust. This phase shift device serves to 5 shift the interference pattern of the radiation fields produced by the combination of the antennae in a periodic manner, spatiially controlled in synchronism with the timing of the control signal of the phase shift device in such ' manner that at the reception location the field strength 10 fluctuates between phase-opposing extinction and equal-phase addition in the timing determined by the control signal. If the frequency of any amplitude modulation resulting from this control is large in comparison to the signal band width of the receiver, no significant interference is produced n 15 the communications channel.
Figure 3 illustrates an antenna arrangement composed of two directional antennae, A1 and A2, each having t one main radiation lobe, arranged mutually back to back, and fed commonly via a 3dB coupler 1. The common feed line for 20 the two directional antennae, A1 and A2,is taken through a further output coupling device 3, which is arranged prior to the common 3 dB coupler 1, and via which power is taken for a further antenna A3 having omnidirectional characterist-ics. In this antenna arrangement the electronically 25 controllable phase shift device 2 is inserted in the feed path of the third antenna A3, as shown by the solid-drawn rectangle, or alternatively it may be inserted i.n the common feed path for the two directional antennae prior to the
In an arrangement comprising two directional antennae arranged mutually back to back, this enables a radiation characteristic of advantageous nature to be ' ` obtained that is generally omnidirectional, but provides two mutually opposed main lobes.
The phase shift device is advantageously controlled to vary an introduced phase angle periodically, adjusted by approximately 180 asynchronously with a frequency exceeding the signal band width of the receiver, the phase angle preferably being regulated in dependence upon reception level so that the reception level is at a maximum at all times, or so that the phase angle is controlled by means of an exter-nal signal to vary synchronously in time with a rotary or linear movement, for example.
In an arrangement comprising two directional antennae, each having one main radiation direction, together with one omnidirectional antenna, it is advantageous to provide a phase shift device in the feed path which is common to the two directional antennae at a point prior to the power dividing junction, or may be inserted in the feed path to the omnidirectional antenna.
The invention will now be described with reference to the drawings, in which:-Figure 1 is an explanatory gxaph showing a typical radiation diagram for two directional antennae arranged mutually back to back;
Figure 2 is a block schematic circuit diagram of one exemplary embodiment of such an antenna arrangement constructed in accordance with the invention; and Figure 3 is a block schematic circuit diagram of a ( further antenna arrangement constructed in accordance with the invention.
The radiation diagram shown in Figure 1 contains two mutually opposed main lobes, i.e. disposed at 180 relative to one another. A plurality of minor lobes, each of which exhibits an attenuation of 20 dB relative to the main lobes, and arranged symmetrically with respect thereto, in approximately rectangular sectors of a circle, whose central axes are each at 90 relative to the axis of the main lobes. These two groups of minor lobes, which are arranged in the shaded zone, are produced as a result of interference between the radiation from the two antennae. The radiation characteristic contains zero-points which lie between the individual minor lobes, and which represent an undesired interruption in the communications pattern.
Figure 2 illustrates an antenna arrangement comprising two directional antennae, A1 and A2, which are arranged mutually back to back and commonly fed via a 3 dB
coupler 1, and so providing a characteristic such as that shown in Figure 1, except for the fact that there is provided in the feed path to the antenna A2 a phase shift device 2 which is controlled electronically by a control voltage applied to a terminal Ust. This phase shift device serves to 5 shift the interference pattern of the radiation fields produced by the combination of the antennae in a periodic manner, spatiially controlled in synchronism with the timing of the control signal of the phase shift device in such ' manner that at the reception location the field strength 10 fluctuates between phase-opposing extinction and equal-phase addition in the timing determined by the control signal. If the frequency of any amplitude modulation resulting from this control is large in comparison to the signal band width of the receiver, no significant interference is produced n 15 the communications channel.
Figure 3 illustrates an antenna arrangement composed of two directional antennae, A1 and A2, each having t one main radiation lobe, arranged mutually back to back, and fed commonly via a 3dB coupler 1. The common feed line for 20 the two directional antennae, A1 and A2,is taken through a further output coupling device 3, which is arranged prior to the common 3 dB coupler 1, and via which power is taken for a further antenna A3 having omnidirectional characterist-ics. In this antenna arrangement the electronically 25 controllable phase shift device 2 is inserted in the feed path of the third antenna A3, as shown by the solid-drawn rectangle, or alternatively it may be inserted i.n the common feed path for the two directional antennae prior to the
3 dB coupler 1, as shown by the dash-dotted illustration.
-
-
Claims (6)
1. A multiple antennae arrangement having directional and/or omnidirectional characteristics, at least two antennae being fed via a common power divider, and an electronically controllable phase-shift device which is controlled in such manner that the resultant radiation characteristic is substantially free from zero-points.
2. An arrangement as claimed in Claim 1, in which means are provided to vary the phase angle of the phase shift device periodically by substantially 180° asynchronously, at a frequency exceeding the signal band width of the associated receiver.
3. An arrangement as claimed in Claim 1, in which means are provided to adjust the phase angle of the phase shift device in dependence upon the reception level in such manner, that the resultant reception level is a maximum at all times.
4. An arrangement as claimed in Claim 1, in which means are provided to adjust the phase angle of the phase shift device by an external signal synchronously to a rotary or linear movement of the antenna arrangement.
5. An arrangement as claimed in Claim 2, 3 or 4, in which there are two directional antennae, mutually back to back, and one omnidirectional antenna, the phase shift device being inserted in a part of the feed path which is common to the two directional antennae at a point prior to the power dividing junction, or being inserted in the feed path to the omnidirectional antenna.
6. A mobile radio installation comprising a multiple antennae arrangement as claimed in Claim 2, 3, or 4, in which there are two directional antennae, mutually back to back, and one onmidirectional antenna, the phase shift device being inserted in a part of the feed path which is common to the two directional antennae at a point prior to the power dividing junction, or being inserted in the feed path to the omnidirectional antenna.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP2912087.4 | 1979-03-27 | ||
| DE2912087A DE2912087C2 (en) | 1979-03-27 | 1979-03-27 | Antenna with a diagram showing undesirable zeros |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1146668A true CA1146668A (en) | 1983-05-17 |
Family
ID=6066595
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000348259A Expired CA1146668A (en) | 1979-03-27 | 1980-03-24 | Multiple antennae arrangements coupled via a power divider to provide directional and/or omnidirectional characteristics |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0017037A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS55132105A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR226427A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU518492B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8001828A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1146668A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2912087C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK129580A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES489990A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI800930A (en) |
| LU (1) | LU81928A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX147949A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO800844L (en) |
| YU (1) | YU85680A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA801802B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK176625B1 (en) * | 1996-07-05 | 2008-12-01 | Ipcom Gmbh & Co Kg | Handheld device with antenna means for transmitting a radio signal |
| JP5636321B2 (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-12-03 | 株式会社日立国際八木ソリューションズ | Antenna sharing system |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE528237A (en) * | 1953-04-22 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| US3357018A (en) * | 1964-11-06 | 1967-12-05 | Itek Corp | Mode-averaging diversity combining reception system for high-frequency radio waves |
| DE1541410A1 (en) * | 1966-10-29 | 1969-10-23 | Inst Rundfunktechnik Gmbh | Device for reducing field strength drops |
| GB1389817A (en) * | 1969-11-27 | 1975-04-09 | Emi Ltd | Radar systems |
| JPS5411095B2 (en) * | 1972-06-06 | 1979-05-11 | ||
| GB1450392A (en) * | 1972-06-20 | 1976-09-22 | Plessey Co Ltd | Communicagions equipment |
| GB1508680A (en) * | 1976-11-15 | 1978-04-26 | British Broadcasting Corp | Combining of nominally-similar electrical audio signals |
-
1979
- 1979-03-27 DE DE2912087A patent/DE2912087C2/en not_active Expired
- 1979-11-26 LU LU81928A patent/LU81928A1/en unknown
-
1980
- 1980-03-03 AR AR280155A patent/AR226427A1/en active
- 1980-03-12 EP EP80101283A patent/EP0017037A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1980-03-24 CA CA000348259A patent/CA1146668A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-03-24 NO NO800844A patent/NO800844L/en unknown
- 1980-03-25 MX MX181703A patent/MX147949A/en unknown
- 1980-03-26 ZA ZA00801802A patent/ZA801802B/en unknown
- 1980-03-26 FI FI800930A patent/FI800930A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-03-26 AU AU56851/80A patent/AU518492B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1980-03-26 DK DK129580A patent/DK129580A/en unknown
- 1980-03-26 BR BR8001828A patent/BR8001828A/en unknown
- 1980-03-27 ES ES489990A patent/ES489990A1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-03-27 YU YU00856/80A patent/YU85680A/en unknown
- 1980-03-27 JP JP3828080A patent/JPS55132105A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX147949A (en) | 1983-02-09 |
| LU81928A1 (en) | 1980-02-29 |
| FI800930A (en) | 1980-09-28 |
| ES489990A1 (en) | 1980-10-01 |
| NO800844L (en) | 1980-09-29 |
| ZA801802B (en) | 1981-03-25 |
| YU85680A (en) | 1983-09-30 |
| AU5685180A (en) | 1980-10-09 |
| JPS55132105A (en) | 1980-10-14 |
| DE2912087C2 (en) | 1982-06-24 |
| EP0017037A1 (en) | 1980-10-15 |
| DK129580A (en) | 1980-09-28 |
| DE2912087A1 (en) | 1980-10-02 |
| AU518492B2 (en) | 1981-10-01 |
| AR226427A1 (en) | 1982-07-15 |
| BR8001828A (en) | 1980-11-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |