CA1144756A - Slag taps for coal gasification plant and to coal gasification plant incorporating such slag taps - Google Patents
Slag taps for coal gasification plant and to coal gasification plant incorporating such slag tapsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1144756A CA1144756A CA000332934A CA332934A CA1144756A CA 1144756 A CA1144756 A CA 1144756A CA 000332934 A CA000332934 A CA 000332934A CA 332934 A CA332934 A CA 332934A CA 1144756 A CA1144756 A CA 1144756A
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- Prior art keywords
- slag
- orifice
- removal orifice
- vessel
- slag removal
- Prior art date
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A coal slagging gasifier is improved by providing an improved slag removal orifice. The orifice is located centrally within the hearth of a gasifier of the type in which hot burner gases are directed up through the orifice to retain the slag in molten condition on the hearth and in which the slag is periodically discharged through the slag removal orifice. The slag removal orifice is formed as a substantially vertical passageway through the removable slag tap member which comprises a solid cast mass of high thermal conductivity metal having an integrally formed metal tube for circulating liquid coolant through the cast mass.
The upper tundish surface of the slag tap member slopes downwardly and inwardly and merges with the slag removal orifice. The coolant tube is capable of retaining its shape without any appreciable distortion during the casting of the surrounding metal mass, extends through the cast mass and forms a coolant conduit adjacent to the tundish surface and to the surface of the orifice passageway and spaced from these surfaces a distance of 0.25 to 1.5 inches. The ends of the tube project out from the mass to provide a coolant inlet and outlet. In operation, coolant is circulated through the tube such that the surfaces of the cast mass in direct contact with slag and burner gases are maintained at a temperature of from 50°C. to 400°C.
A coal slagging gasifier is improved by providing an improved slag removal orifice. The orifice is located centrally within the hearth of a gasifier of the type in which hot burner gases are directed up through the orifice to retain the slag in molten condition on the hearth and in which the slag is periodically discharged through the slag removal orifice. The slag removal orifice is formed as a substantially vertical passageway through the removable slag tap member which comprises a solid cast mass of high thermal conductivity metal having an integrally formed metal tube for circulating liquid coolant through the cast mass.
The upper tundish surface of the slag tap member slopes downwardly and inwardly and merges with the slag removal orifice. The coolant tube is capable of retaining its shape without any appreciable distortion during the casting of the surrounding metal mass, extends through the cast mass and forms a coolant conduit adjacent to the tundish surface and to the surface of the orifice passageway and spaced from these surfaces a distance of 0.25 to 1.5 inches. The ends of the tube project out from the mass to provide a coolant inlet and outlet. In operation, coolant is circulated through the tube such that the surfaces of the cast mass in direct contact with slag and burner gases are maintained at a temperature of from 50°C. to 400°C.
Description
7s6 This invention relates to coal gasification plant, a~d more particularly to a slag tap outlet member for use in slagging gasifier plants of the kind in which coal, or other carbonaceous fuel, is introduced into the top of a column-like gasifying vessel and is gasified under high pressure and temperature by means of oxygen and steam introduced near the fuel bed through tuyeres. The residual ash collects as a molten slag and iron in the hearth of the gasifier vessel from which it is periodically discharged (commonly known as slag-tapping) downwar~ly through a slag tap outlet or orifice in the hearth into water contained in a quenching chamber. Usually, a pool of molten slag and iron is maintained in the hearth by directing hot combustion products from a burner located beneath the slag tap orifice up the tap orifice to retain the pool of slag and iron in the hearth, the tapping of the molten slag and iron being initiated and controlled by stopping or reducing the burner output and reducing the pressure in the quenching chamber by controlled venting to atmosphere through its venting system so as to produce a differential pressure between the quenching chamber and the gasi-fier vessel.
Examples of such slagging gasifier plant are those disclosed in ~nited Kingdom Patent Specification ~o. 977,122, ~he Gas Council Research CommNnications ~os. GC 50 and GC 112.
The containment materials of the slag tap member and hearth in such slagging gasifiers are subject to aggre~sive erosion, corrosion and thermal attack by the slag and iron. ~he high temperature and mobility of the slag and iron dur ng slag tapping and slag retention make the containment materials of the slag ,,i -1-t756 - tap orifice and its immediate vicinity primarily subject to erosion and thermal attack by the iron~ Difficulties have been experienced in providing a slag tap outlet for such a gasifier which does not rapidly deteriorate under the high temperature conditions and the iron present in the slag during operation of the gasifier, and an o~ject of the present invention is to provide an improved slag tap member for a slagging gasifier, less subject to thes~ disadvantages.
United States Patent No. 4,129,422 discloses in general terms the slag tap member, and a gasifier incorporating a slag tap member for the removal of slag from a gasifier, which slag tap member comprises a solid cast mass of high thermal conductivity metal having a tube for the circulation of coolant liquid, and which is provided with the top surface inclined downwardly towards a slag removal orifice.
However, United States Patent No. 4,129,422 is primarily concerned with a removable annular hearth member and it nowhere discloses that the coolant tube of the slag tap member should be made from a material capable of retaining its shape without any appreciable distortion during casting of the surrounding metal;
for instance, the coolant tube can be made from nickel-chrome or nickel-chrome alloy. Furthermore, that patent nowhere discloses that the tube is provided with annular ribs for improving bonding with the surrounding cast metal mass. Neither does United States Patent NoO 4,129,422 teach or suggest the essential shape and geometry of the slag tap member, the si~e of its orifice, the specîfic location of the coolant tube with respect to the surfaces of the slag tap member, and the flow rate of coolant liquid through the tube to maintain a desirable temperature at its surfaces, all as claimed in the present invention, and which essential features are designed to overcome '7~6 . .
the disadvantages o~ known slag taps. These disadvantages have been discussed in the foregoing paragraphs.
~ ccording to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a slag tap member for use in a coal slagging gasifier ccmprising, a solid cast mass of high thermal conduc-tivity metal having an integrally formed metal tube for circulating a coolant liquid through said cast mass, and having an upper tundish surface across wh~ch slag discharged from the gasifier flows and a central slag removal orifice, said upper tundish suxface sloping downwardly and inwardly and merging with said slag removal orifice, said coolant tube being capable of retaining its shape without any appreciable distortion during the casting of the surro~ndin~ metal mass, said tube extending through said cast mass and forming a coolant conduit ad~acent to said tundish surface and the surface of said orifice pa3sageway and spaced from said surfaces a distance of 0.25 to 1.5 inches, the ends of said tube projecting exteriorly of the surrounding cast metal mass to provide a coolant inlet and outlet.
~he concept of controlling the rate of slag flow from the hearth reservoir through the 81ag tap orifice, and the resi~tance to erosion of the slag tap member itself, depends on critical factors of design of the slag tap involving, among things~ the thermal conductivity of the material used, the shape and geometry of its metal mass, the size of it8 orificet and the size, length -2a-. .. .
:
7~
and location of its coolant passageway with respect to the surfaces of the slag tap member exposed to thermal attack.
~ he amount and rate of flow of coolant liquid is also an important factor in the slag tap design since the exposed surfaces of the mass in direct contact with the slag and burner gases must be cooled efficiently to maintain acceptable surface temperatures~ preferably within the range 50C to 400C, but on the other hand, it is important that excessive quantities of heat are not removed-from the hearth by the slag tapO ~ypically, flow velocities of the order of 20 - 30 Xt/
sec are preferred to give a constant passageway wall temperature wit~n the range 10C to 20C.
Preferably, the slag tap member is formed of copper or copper and alloyed metal ~he uppermost surface of the slag tap member (generally known as the tundish region) prefera~ly slopes downwardly and inwardly and merges wlth the peripheral surface of the central orifice which may be of right-circular cylindrical fo~. The surface of revolution of the tundish may be of any suitable cross-sectional profile, for example, part-circular or parabolic, although preferably it is of frusto-conical form.
In a typical operating condition of the gasifier, in which the temperature of the slag pool is of the order of 1450C and that of the burner gases about 1500-1600C, the uppermost surface or tundish of the slag tap member is maintained at a temperature within the range f 200 C to 4000C the cylindrical surface of its orifice is maintained at a temperature within the range 100C to 400C, and the lowermost surface of the slag tap adjacent the burner is maintained a-t a temperat re withir the range 50~C t- 400C.
, , '7S6 Conveniently, the manufacture of the slag tap member for liquid-cooled operation in a coal slagging gasifier of the kind referred to comprises forming the metal tube into a coil having said inlet and an outlet, and casting a mass of copper or copper and alloyed metal around the coil to a desired shape such that the inlet and outlet communi-cate exteriorly of the said cast mass.
~he tube may be formed of nickel-chrome or nickel-chrome and alloyed metals which also have a high resistance to corrosion.
Furthermore, the external surface of the tube may be provided with means for improving the bonding with the casting metal so as to provide good thermal contact therewith and to reduce any tendency to stress fractures of the casting metal upon cooling after casting especially where different metals ~re used for the tube and casting metal.
According to another aspect of the presen-t Invention, there is provided a coal slagging gasifier comprising, a gasifying vessel~ means for introducing coal into said vessel for gasification thereof in said vessel, means f`or introducing oxygen and steam into said vessel to effect gasification of coal therein, a hearth located at the bottom of said vessel and including a slag removal orifice for removing slag therefrom, burner means located beneath the slag removal orifice for directing a flow of hot combustion products up the slag removal orifice to retain the slag in a molten condition on said hearth, a quenching chamber positioned below said slag removal orifice for receiving slag discharged through said slag removal orifice, and means for reducing or stopping said flow of hot combustion gases for discharging slag through said slag removal orifice; the improvement wherein said slag-removal orifice is located centrally within said hearth and is formed as a substantially vertical passageway through a removable slag tap member in accordance with the first aspect of the invention.
An embodiment of aspects of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in ~Jhich:~
~ igure 1 is a diagrammatic longitudinal sectional ~5 elevation of a fixed-bed slagging gasifier, ~igure 2 is a sectional elevation of the removable slag tap member of the gasifier shown in ~igure 1, and ~igure 3 is a fragmentary sectional elevation of the coiled tube in the slag tap member.
Referring first to Figure 1, the gasifier has a refractory-lined pressurised gasification chamber 10 into which coal is fed from a lock hopper 12 and distributed by rotatable distributor means 14. Oxygen and steam are introduced into the fuel bed (not shown) through tuyeres 16 to promote gasification of the coal. In use of the gasifier, a reservoir or pool of molten slag and iron collects on the sloping hearth 18 and is periodically passed through an orifice formed in a removable slag tap member 20 supported within the hearth, into a water reservoir 22 contained in a quenching chamber 24 where it is rapidly quenched in a region of turbulent water issuing from a perforated tubular ring 26 before being transferred to a lock hopper 28 in the form of a dense sm~ grained frit entrained with some of the ~uenching water upon operation of a valve 30. ~he frit is discharged from the lock hopper 28 onto moving conveyors 32. Water supplied to the quench ring 26 through an inlet 34 may partly be water recirculated through outlets 36, 38 from the quenching chamber and slag lock hopper 24, 28 respectively by pump and filter means (not shown).
The quenching chamber 24 is secured in a gas tight manner to the , . .
. ~ .
`
bottom of the gasifier chamber 10 through the intermediary of a sandwich ~lange assembly 40. A nozzle-mixing burner 60 together with the slag tap member 20 is support~d by the annular flange assembly 40, but is arranged to be readily removable therefrom.
Referring now to Figure 2, the slag tap member 20 comp~ises a body 42 of copper or copper and alloyed metal cast around a spirally coiled pipe 44 having an inlet 46 and an outlet 48, for the circulation of coolant water, projecting from the base of the body. A tundish surface 50 of the slag ta~ member is of frusto-conical form ana merges with the cylindrical surface of a slag discharge orifioe 52 which terminates in an annular lip 54. The outer peripheral surface 56 of the body 42 is preferably tapered so as to facilitate easy removal from the hearth of the gasifi~r. An annular recess 58 is provided in the base of the body 42 for co-axial engagement with an annular projection.(not shown) on the sandwich flange assembly.
In a specific example of a slag tap member the coiled pipe 44 was formed of nickel-chrome alloy, for example that known under the ~.K.
~egistered ~rade Mark Inconel 600, about 42 inches in length, with an inside diameter of 0.5 inch and wall thickness of 0.125 inch. The overall width of the cast body 42 was about 12.75 inches with an overall height of about 4.5 inches. ~he diameter of the orifice 52 was about 2 inches, and about 1.5 inches in hei~ht, merging into the tundish surface which is at an angle of about 38 to the horizontal.
Preferably9 the outer surface of the cast-in length of the coiled pipe is for~ed with a plurality of spaced annular ribs 45 ~See Figure 3) for improving the bond with the casting metal which enhances heat trans-mission to the coolant liquid, and to obviate any tendency to fracture of the casting upon cooling after the casting process. The coiled pipe is located within the cast body so that the convolutions thereof . .
- . , , .
7~6 extend at least around and adjacent the surfaces of the tundish and orifice, and prefer~bly, those convolutions which are adjacent said surfaces are spaced therefrom -to between 0.25 inch and 1.5 inches.
~he slag tap is made by first forming the pipe 44 into the desired spirally coiled form, supporting the pipe by suitable means in a suitable mould from which the inlet 46 and outlet 48 protrude, and casting copper or copper alloy in the mould to form the body 42. ~his method of manufacture gives a good contact and thus heat transmission between the body 42 and the coolant conduit formed by the pipe 44.
Examples of such slagging gasifier plant are those disclosed in ~nited Kingdom Patent Specification ~o. 977,122, ~he Gas Council Research CommNnications ~os. GC 50 and GC 112.
The containment materials of the slag tap member and hearth in such slagging gasifiers are subject to aggre~sive erosion, corrosion and thermal attack by the slag and iron. ~he high temperature and mobility of the slag and iron dur ng slag tapping and slag retention make the containment materials of the slag ,,i -1-t756 - tap orifice and its immediate vicinity primarily subject to erosion and thermal attack by the iron~ Difficulties have been experienced in providing a slag tap outlet for such a gasifier which does not rapidly deteriorate under the high temperature conditions and the iron present in the slag during operation of the gasifier, and an o~ject of the present invention is to provide an improved slag tap member for a slagging gasifier, less subject to thes~ disadvantages.
United States Patent No. 4,129,422 discloses in general terms the slag tap member, and a gasifier incorporating a slag tap member for the removal of slag from a gasifier, which slag tap member comprises a solid cast mass of high thermal conductivity metal having a tube for the circulation of coolant liquid, and which is provided with the top surface inclined downwardly towards a slag removal orifice.
However, United States Patent No. 4,129,422 is primarily concerned with a removable annular hearth member and it nowhere discloses that the coolant tube of the slag tap member should be made from a material capable of retaining its shape without any appreciable distortion during casting of the surrounding metal;
for instance, the coolant tube can be made from nickel-chrome or nickel-chrome alloy. Furthermore, that patent nowhere discloses that the tube is provided with annular ribs for improving bonding with the surrounding cast metal mass. Neither does United States Patent NoO 4,129,422 teach or suggest the essential shape and geometry of the slag tap member, the si~e of its orifice, the specîfic location of the coolant tube with respect to the surfaces of the slag tap member, and the flow rate of coolant liquid through the tube to maintain a desirable temperature at its surfaces, all as claimed in the present invention, and which essential features are designed to overcome '7~6 . .
the disadvantages o~ known slag taps. These disadvantages have been discussed in the foregoing paragraphs.
~ ccording to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a slag tap member for use in a coal slagging gasifier ccmprising, a solid cast mass of high thermal conduc-tivity metal having an integrally formed metal tube for circulating a coolant liquid through said cast mass, and having an upper tundish surface across wh~ch slag discharged from the gasifier flows and a central slag removal orifice, said upper tundish suxface sloping downwardly and inwardly and merging with said slag removal orifice, said coolant tube being capable of retaining its shape without any appreciable distortion during the casting of the surro~ndin~ metal mass, said tube extending through said cast mass and forming a coolant conduit ad~acent to said tundish surface and the surface of said orifice pa3sageway and spaced from said surfaces a distance of 0.25 to 1.5 inches, the ends of said tube projecting exteriorly of the surrounding cast metal mass to provide a coolant inlet and outlet.
~he concept of controlling the rate of slag flow from the hearth reservoir through the 81ag tap orifice, and the resi~tance to erosion of the slag tap member itself, depends on critical factors of design of the slag tap involving, among things~ the thermal conductivity of the material used, the shape and geometry of its metal mass, the size of it8 orificet and the size, length -2a-. .. .
:
7~
and location of its coolant passageway with respect to the surfaces of the slag tap member exposed to thermal attack.
~ he amount and rate of flow of coolant liquid is also an important factor in the slag tap design since the exposed surfaces of the mass in direct contact with the slag and burner gases must be cooled efficiently to maintain acceptable surface temperatures~ preferably within the range 50C to 400C, but on the other hand, it is important that excessive quantities of heat are not removed-from the hearth by the slag tapO ~ypically, flow velocities of the order of 20 - 30 Xt/
sec are preferred to give a constant passageway wall temperature wit~n the range 10C to 20C.
Preferably, the slag tap member is formed of copper or copper and alloyed metal ~he uppermost surface of the slag tap member (generally known as the tundish region) prefera~ly slopes downwardly and inwardly and merges wlth the peripheral surface of the central orifice which may be of right-circular cylindrical fo~. The surface of revolution of the tundish may be of any suitable cross-sectional profile, for example, part-circular or parabolic, although preferably it is of frusto-conical form.
In a typical operating condition of the gasifier, in which the temperature of the slag pool is of the order of 1450C and that of the burner gases about 1500-1600C, the uppermost surface or tundish of the slag tap member is maintained at a temperature within the range f 200 C to 4000C the cylindrical surface of its orifice is maintained at a temperature within the range 100C to 400C, and the lowermost surface of the slag tap adjacent the burner is maintained a-t a temperat re withir the range 50~C t- 400C.
, , '7S6 Conveniently, the manufacture of the slag tap member for liquid-cooled operation in a coal slagging gasifier of the kind referred to comprises forming the metal tube into a coil having said inlet and an outlet, and casting a mass of copper or copper and alloyed metal around the coil to a desired shape such that the inlet and outlet communi-cate exteriorly of the said cast mass.
~he tube may be formed of nickel-chrome or nickel-chrome and alloyed metals which also have a high resistance to corrosion.
Furthermore, the external surface of the tube may be provided with means for improving the bonding with the casting metal so as to provide good thermal contact therewith and to reduce any tendency to stress fractures of the casting metal upon cooling after casting especially where different metals ~re used for the tube and casting metal.
According to another aspect of the presen-t Invention, there is provided a coal slagging gasifier comprising, a gasifying vessel~ means for introducing coal into said vessel for gasification thereof in said vessel, means f`or introducing oxygen and steam into said vessel to effect gasification of coal therein, a hearth located at the bottom of said vessel and including a slag removal orifice for removing slag therefrom, burner means located beneath the slag removal orifice for directing a flow of hot combustion products up the slag removal orifice to retain the slag in a molten condition on said hearth, a quenching chamber positioned below said slag removal orifice for receiving slag discharged through said slag removal orifice, and means for reducing or stopping said flow of hot combustion gases for discharging slag through said slag removal orifice; the improvement wherein said slag-removal orifice is located centrally within said hearth and is formed as a substantially vertical passageway through a removable slag tap member in accordance with the first aspect of the invention.
An embodiment of aspects of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in ~Jhich:~
~ igure 1 is a diagrammatic longitudinal sectional ~5 elevation of a fixed-bed slagging gasifier, ~igure 2 is a sectional elevation of the removable slag tap member of the gasifier shown in ~igure 1, and ~igure 3 is a fragmentary sectional elevation of the coiled tube in the slag tap member.
Referring first to Figure 1, the gasifier has a refractory-lined pressurised gasification chamber 10 into which coal is fed from a lock hopper 12 and distributed by rotatable distributor means 14. Oxygen and steam are introduced into the fuel bed (not shown) through tuyeres 16 to promote gasification of the coal. In use of the gasifier, a reservoir or pool of molten slag and iron collects on the sloping hearth 18 and is periodically passed through an orifice formed in a removable slag tap member 20 supported within the hearth, into a water reservoir 22 contained in a quenching chamber 24 where it is rapidly quenched in a region of turbulent water issuing from a perforated tubular ring 26 before being transferred to a lock hopper 28 in the form of a dense sm~ grained frit entrained with some of the ~uenching water upon operation of a valve 30. ~he frit is discharged from the lock hopper 28 onto moving conveyors 32. Water supplied to the quench ring 26 through an inlet 34 may partly be water recirculated through outlets 36, 38 from the quenching chamber and slag lock hopper 24, 28 respectively by pump and filter means (not shown).
The quenching chamber 24 is secured in a gas tight manner to the , . .
. ~ .
`
bottom of the gasifier chamber 10 through the intermediary of a sandwich ~lange assembly 40. A nozzle-mixing burner 60 together with the slag tap member 20 is support~d by the annular flange assembly 40, but is arranged to be readily removable therefrom.
Referring now to Figure 2, the slag tap member 20 comp~ises a body 42 of copper or copper and alloyed metal cast around a spirally coiled pipe 44 having an inlet 46 and an outlet 48, for the circulation of coolant water, projecting from the base of the body. A tundish surface 50 of the slag ta~ member is of frusto-conical form ana merges with the cylindrical surface of a slag discharge orifioe 52 which terminates in an annular lip 54. The outer peripheral surface 56 of the body 42 is preferably tapered so as to facilitate easy removal from the hearth of the gasifi~r. An annular recess 58 is provided in the base of the body 42 for co-axial engagement with an annular projection.(not shown) on the sandwich flange assembly.
In a specific example of a slag tap member the coiled pipe 44 was formed of nickel-chrome alloy, for example that known under the ~.K.
~egistered ~rade Mark Inconel 600, about 42 inches in length, with an inside diameter of 0.5 inch and wall thickness of 0.125 inch. The overall width of the cast body 42 was about 12.75 inches with an overall height of about 4.5 inches. ~he diameter of the orifice 52 was about 2 inches, and about 1.5 inches in hei~ht, merging into the tundish surface which is at an angle of about 38 to the horizontal.
Preferably9 the outer surface of the cast-in length of the coiled pipe is for~ed with a plurality of spaced annular ribs 45 ~See Figure 3) for improving the bond with the casting metal which enhances heat trans-mission to the coolant liquid, and to obviate any tendency to fracture of the casting upon cooling after the casting process. The coiled pipe is located within the cast body so that the convolutions thereof . .
- . , , .
7~6 extend at least around and adjacent the surfaces of the tundish and orifice, and prefer~bly, those convolutions which are adjacent said surfaces are spaced therefrom -to between 0.25 inch and 1.5 inches.
~he slag tap is made by first forming the pipe 44 into the desired spirally coiled form, supporting the pipe by suitable means in a suitable mould from which the inlet 46 and outlet 48 protrude, and casting copper or copper alloy in the mould to form the body 42. ~his method of manufacture gives a good contact and thus heat transmission between the body 42 and the coolant conduit formed by the pipe 44.
Claims (6)
1. A slag tap member for use in a coal slagging gasifier comprising, a solid cast mass of high thermal conductivity metal having an integrally formed metal tube for circulating a coolant liquid through said cast mass the ends of said tube projecting exteriorly of the surrounding cast metal mass to provide a coolant inlet and outlet, and having an upper tundish surface of frusto-conical form across which slag discharged from the gasifier flows and a central slag removal orifice, said upper tundish surface sloping downwardly and inwardly and merging with said slag removal orifice, characterized in that the overall width of the cast body is within the range of 12 to 13 inches and having an overall height within the range of 3 to 5 inches, and wherein the slag removal orifice is within the range of 1.5 to 2.5 inches in diameter and 1 to 2 inches in height and is merged with the uppermost frusto-conical surface which is at an angle of within the range 30-40° to the horizontal, and further characterized in that said coolant tube being capable of retaining its shape without any appreciable distortion during the casting of the surrounding metal mass, said tube extending through said cast mass and forming a coolant conduit adjacent to said tundish surface and the surface of said orifice passageway and spaced from said surfaces a distance of 0.25 to 1.5 inches.
2. A slag tap member according to Claim 1, wherein said cast metal mass is formed of copper or copper and alloyed metal, and wherein the tube is formed as a coil of nickel-chrome or nickel-chrome and alloyed metals.
3. A slag tap member according to Claim 1 wherein the external surface of the tube is provided with a plurality of spaced annular ribs for improving the bonding with the surrounding cast metal.
4. A coal slagging gasifier comprising, a gasifying vessel, means for introducing coal into said vessel for gasification thereof in said vessel, means for introducing oxygen and steam into said vessel to effect gasification of coal therein, a hearth located at the bottom of said vessel and including a slag removal orifice for removing slag therefrom, burner means located beneath the slag removal orifice for directing a flow of hot combustion products up the slag removal orifice to retain the slag in a molten condition on said hearth, a quenching chamber positioned below said slag removal orifice for receiving slag discharged through said slag removal orifice, and means for reducing or stopping said flow of hot combustion gases for discharging slag through said slag removal orifice; wherein said slag-removal orifice is located centrally within said hearth and is formed as a substantially vertical passageway through a removable slag tap member in accordance with any one of Claims 1, 2 or 3.
5. A coal slagging gasifier comprising a gasifying vessel, means for introducing coal into said vessel for gasification thereof in said vessel, means for introducing oxygen and steam into said vessel to effect gasification of coal therein, a hearth located at the bottom of said vessel and including a slag removal orifice for removing slag therefrom, burner means located beneath the slag removal orifice for directing a flow of hot combustion products up the slag removal orifice to retain the slag in a molten condition on said hearth, a quenching chamber positioned below said slag removal orifice for receiving slag discharged through said slag removal orifice, and means for reducing or stopping said flow of hot combustion gases for discharging slag through said slag removal orifice; wherein said slag removal orifice is located centrally within said hearth and is formed as a substantially vertical passageway through a removable slag tap member in accordance with any one of claims 1, 2 or 3 and wherein the coolant liquid is circulated through the coolant tube of such slag tap member at a flow rate sufficient to maintain the exposed surfaces of the cast mass in direct contact with slag and burner gases at a temperature of from 50°C. to 400°C.
6. A coal slagging gasifier comprising a gasifying vessel, means for introducing coal into said vessel for gasification thereof in said vessel, means for introducing oxygen and steam into said vessel to effect gasification of coal therein, a hearth located at the bottom of said vessel and including a slag removal orifice for removing slag therefrom, burner means located beneath the slag removal orifice for directing a flow of hot combustion products up the slag removal orifice to retain the slag in a molten condition on said hearth, a quenching chamber positioned below said slag removal orifice for receiving slag discharged through said slag removal orifice, and means for reducing or stopping said flow of hot combustion gases for discharging slag through said slag removal orifice; wherein said slag removal orifice is located centrally within said hearth and is formed as a substantially vertical passageway through a removable slag tap member in accordance with any one of claims 1, 2 or 3 and wherein the coolant liquid is circulated through the coolant tube of such slag tap member at a flow rate sufficient to maintain the exposed surfaces of the cast mass in direct contact with slag and burner gasses at a temperature of from 50°C. to 400°C.; and wherein said coolant is circulated at a flow rate such that said upper tundish surface is maintained at a temperature of from 200 to 400°C, the cylindrical surface of the orifice is maintained at a temperature of from 100 to 400°C, and the lowermost surface of the slag tap adjacent the burner is maintained at a temperature of from 50 to 400°C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000332934A CA1144756A (en) | 1979-07-31 | 1979-07-31 | Slag taps for coal gasification plant and to coal gasification plant incorporating such slag taps |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000332934A CA1144756A (en) | 1979-07-31 | 1979-07-31 | Slag taps for coal gasification plant and to coal gasification plant incorporating such slag taps |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1144756A true CA1144756A (en) | 1983-04-19 |
Family
ID=4114835
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000332934A Expired CA1144756A (en) | 1979-07-31 | 1979-07-31 | Slag taps for coal gasification plant and to coal gasification plant incorporating such slag taps |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1144756A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103773507A (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2014-05-07 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Dual-bed burning and gasification poly-generation device and method |
-
1979
- 1979-07-31 CA CA000332934A patent/CA1144756A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103773507A (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2014-05-07 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Dual-bed burning and gasification poly-generation device and method |
| CN103773507B (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2015-08-19 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Double bed burning and Gasification Polygeneration System device and method |
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