CA1139582A - Concrete floor construction which is insulated at the underside, and elements of insulating material used therewith - Google Patents
Concrete floor construction which is insulated at the underside, and elements of insulating material used therewithInfo
- Publication number
- CA1139582A CA1139582A CA000352876A CA352876A CA1139582A CA 1139582 A CA1139582 A CA 1139582A CA 000352876 A CA000352876 A CA 000352876A CA 352876 A CA352876 A CA 352876A CA 1139582 A CA1139582 A CA 1139582A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- shaped
- elements
- plate
- beams
- concrete floor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101150057388 Reln gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010085990 projectin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 timber Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
- E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
- E04B5/26—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated with filling members between the beams
- E04B5/261—Monolithic filling members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
- E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
- E04B5/26—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated with filling members between the beams
- E04B5/266—Filling members covering the undersurface of the beams
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A concrete floor construction consisting of interspaced mutually parallel inverted T-beams; of elements of insulating material which cover the underside of the T-beams and of the floor construction and constitute a permanent form between the T-beams; and of a floor surface obtained by casting con-crete over the T-beams and the form elements; said insulating elements comprising on the one hand U-shaped elements which grip around the ends of the legs directed towards one another of the T-beams and on the other hand essentially plate-shaped elements which rest on the upper legs of the U-shaped elements.
A concrete floor construction consisting of interspaced mutually parallel inverted T-beams; of elements of insulating material which cover the underside of the T-beams and of the floor construction and constitute a permanent form between the T-beams; and of a floor surface obtained by casting con-crete over the T-beams and the form elements; said insulating elements comprising on the one hand U-shaped elements which grip around the ends of the legs directed towards one another of the T-beams and on the other hand essentially plate-shaped elements which rest on the upper legs of the U-shaped elements.
Description
The invention relates to a concrete floor construction consisting of interspaced mutually parallel inverted T-beams; of elements of insulating material, which are supported by the horizontally extending legs of oppositely situated T-beams, and which, at least partly, cover the underside of the T-beams and constitute a permanen-t form between the T-beams; and of a floor surface obtained by casting concrete over the T-beams and the form elements.
With such a known concrete floor construction the part of the insulating elements which constitutes the permanent forril, is carried ou-t as a part which is slightly vaulted upwards, with such a width that it can rest on the legs of the T-beams, whereas it is Drovided ir~ediately adjacent to the T-bea~s with downwards directed parts for insulating the ~ertical sides of the leys of the T-baams. From one of the downwards directed parts a horizontal part ex-tends itself outwards with respect to the element and this part assures the insulation of the under-most horizontal surface of the inverted T-Bear~l. After the T-beams have been put in place, the insulatlng elements are slid obliquely downwards between the beams, so that the laterally extending le~oL
the insulating element first comes to lie under the T-beaM, whereafter the insulating element can be tilted into its place.
The laterally extendin~ underrllost le~ of an insulatiny element MUSt extend itself beyond the other edge of the T-beam so as to lie against -the underside OL the next insulating element, .
.~
a ~
~ 2 --so that no lleat-bridges occur.
The laterally projecting parts of the elements are vulnerahle durin~J their transportatioll and o~ the manuEacturc of the elements a complicated mould must be used, as cuttiny such elements from massive material wil] involve too great a loss of material.
A drawback of such a construction is further that the underside of one of the two ~-beams which are situated near a side-wall, will not be covered automatically by an insulating element of the above-described type, as a result of the asymme-trical shape thereof. Therefore the under surface of the T-beam will not be covered by insulating material, unless this is done in a separate special way.
The manufacture of such elements in moulds has the drawback, that the core to core distance between the beams cannot be varied at wish, as for each distance a different element will have to be used.
In practice it appears indeed that such a shape of the elements of insulating material imposes restrictions on the type of the concrete floor construction and that certain parts thereof must be provided with a separate insulation.
~ further drawback of the use of the above-described elements of insulating material resides in that the asseMbly may cause probler~s when long T-beams,which must be supported temporarily until the cast concrete floor has cured, are used.
At the location of such a support the laterally projectin~ le~
o~ the insulat1n~ element will have to be cut out ~hen the , element is put in place. After the casting of the floor and the curiny thereof, the support will be removed and in prin-ciple it is desirable that the cut out part of the insulatinq element is replaced again, so that no heat-bridge occurs.
In connection with the necessary strength of the elements of insulating material, the thickness thereof mustbe considerably greater at certain places than is strictly necessary for the desired insulatin~ effect thereof. This leads to a use of more material than is strictly necessary. As the cycle time of a press used for the production of such elements is proportional to the thickness of the elements to be pressed, the production costs will be relatively high.
It is the purpose of the invention to provide a concrete floor construction which does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks and this is obtained in that the insulatin~
elements consist on the one hand of U-shaped eleMents which grip around the ends of the legs directed towards one another of the T-beaMs, and on the other hand of essentially plate-shaped elements which rest on the upper legs of the U-shaped elements.
As the essentiallv plate-shaped elements are pressed firmly on the upper legs of the U-shaped elements during the casting of the concrete floor, there is practically no risk that the seams between the elements lying on top of each other remain open. The risk of a seam remaining open occurs only under the T-beam, where the legs of the U-shaped elements lie against one another. Precisely this sea~, however, offers the possibility to temporarily support a T-beam until the concrete ~' ' floor has been cast and has cure~.
In order to assure lhat the legs of the two U-shaped elements under the T-beam will be pressed fi~rmly ayainst each other, it may be arranged that the outer surface o_ the upper, in assembled position, leg of the U-shaped element is carried out in such a way, that after the U-shaped element has been slid on the leg of the T-beam and has not yet been loaded, the outer surEace at the free end of the leg lies lower than at the other end of the leg. Thus the provided plate-shaped element will exert a tilting moment on the U-shaped element, so that the undermost leg of the U-shaped element is pressed further under the T-beam.
It is, however, also possible to carry out the lower surface of said plate-shaped element, at least near that part of it which comes to ly above -the leg of said U-shaped element, such that the plate shaped element as long as it is not loaded will only engage a small part of the leg of said U-shaped element, to wit, that part of the leg adjacent the rib of said U-shaped element, by which again the plate-shaped element will exert a tilting moment on the U--shaped element, so that the undermost le~ of the U-shaped element is pressed further under the T-~beam.
Because of the resilient properties of the insulating material the legs of the two U-elements will come to lie against each other when a narrow supporting element placed therebetween for the respective T-beam, is removed later.
In order to enable a fast assembly of the elements of insu1ating material and to avoi~ that the U-shaped elcments ~r`~
are slid incorrectly on the legs of the T-beams, the procedure t may be such that tlle plate and the U-shaped elements, before their assembly on the T-beams, are connected to each othcr at least locally by means of a flexible material, in such a way that the U-shaped elements provided along both edges of a plate-shaped element can pivot with respect to one another. This pivoting may take place around a pitch line, which is the most remote from the free end of the leg of the U-shaped elements,-but the pivoting may also take place in another way by partly not securing the flexible material to the insulating material.
The assembly of the flexible material can take place in the factory before the elements are transported to the building site and at the building site the U-shaped elements can be placed on the T-beams by slightly tilting the ~-shaped elements with respect to the plate to which they are pivot-mounted.
The width of the plate-shaped elements can be adapted to the core to core distance of the T-beams and also the length of the legs of the U-shaped elements can be adapted to the desired value, so that e.g. also two directly adjacent T-beams can be covered entirely at the underside with insulatlng material.
For obtalning a good protecttion of the insulating material against attacks thereon, e.g. by mice in the case of a floor of a ground floor, the flexible material may extend itself over the entire under surface of the elements in the assembled position thereof. As flexible material, especially a fire retarding foil can be thought of.
For obtaining a good adhesion between the cast ~: , .
' .
- .
. ,' , 3'.~
concrete floor and the T-beams, the upper edges o~ the plate-shaped element of insulating material which come to lle on the legs of the U-shaped elements, can be profiled in such a way that additional concrete can be cast along the edges of the upper surface of the element.
Accordiny to a preferable embodiment, the elements of insulating material are obtained by cuttiny them from a block of such material. Because of the simple shape of the elements, these can be fitted into each other to a high extent, so that a minimum quantity of waste occurs.
A very good fitting into each other of the elements, so that practically no waste occurs, can be obtained by cutting the U-shaped elements from the two longitudinal edges of a plate with an essentially rectangular cross section, so that the body of each U-shaped element is Eormed by a side of the plate and the legs by the upper and underside oE the plate.
During the transportation the U-shaped elements can be present on the plate, so that a compact unit of the plate with the two U-shaped elements is maintained. At the building site the U-shaped elements are removed from the plate and mounted on the beam, wherea~ter the plate is placed on the U-shaped elements. The plate then falls with its projecting part, which has ~een left between the cut out le~s of the two U~shaped elements, between the U-shaped elements, in such a way that the plate cannot slide during the casting of the concrete.
At the cutting of a number of plates with the corresponding U-shaped elements from a block, only a small quantity of waste will occur if ~the middle part of a plate, at a right anqle to its plane, is 91ightly displaccd, so that a slightly vaulted plate is obtained. This allows to slightly increase the strength of the plate when this is desirable to make the plate suitable for supporting a certain weight. In general the plate in the assembled position must be able to support the weight of a person who walks over the plate, as may happen during the assembly of the plates and before the casting of the concrete. Furthermore the plate may be adapted to the locally desired thickness of the further part of the floor construction.
The invention will now be explained by means of examples of emhodiments as shown in the drawing, in which:
Figure l shows a section over a T-beam and mounted thereon U-elements from insulating material, on each of which rests a plate-shaped element, which is not loaded;
Figure lA shows a part of fig. 1 but from a slightly modified embodimen-t;
Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the two U~elements, which are pivot-mounted to a piate shaped element and which with respect to this element are in a position on two adjacent T-beams during the assembly of the elements;
Figure 2A shows a part of the elements of figure 2, where the pivoting connectlon is realized in a sli~htly different way;
Figures 3-6 show cross sections over different floor constructions, where use is made of U- and plate-shaped elements ~3~
of insulating material;
Figure 7 shows a cross section over a I'-beam w:Lth a local and temporary support placed thereunder;
Figure 8 shows a cross section over two T-beams lying against each other wi-th a local and temporary support place thereunder;
Figure 9 gives a view of the two U-elements with a plate-shaped element resting thereon;
Figure 10 shows the elements of Figure 9, but in the position as they have been cut from a plate with a rectangular section and in which they are during the transportation of the elements;
Figure 11 gives a view corresponding to Figure 9, but of a slightly modified embodiment of the plate-shaped element;
and Figure 12 shows the way in which a number of elements according to figure 11 have been cu-t Erom one single block oE
insulating material.
In the manufacture of a floor construction according to the present invention, use is made of T-beams 1 (see figure 1), on which are slid U-elements 2 of insulating material, which supporl the plates 3 of insulating material. As figure 1 shows, the upper leg 4 of a U-element is bevelled, 50 that a pi.tch line 5 is obtained between the U-element 2 and the plate 3. When the plate 3 is loaded sufficiently, a t~.lting moment will be exerted on the U-element, in such a way that the lower legs 6 of the U-elements 2 are pressed towards each other in the direction ~ ....
.
_ 9 _ of the arrows P. Thus the seam between the legs will be kept resiliently closed.
Figure lA shows the possibility to exert a tilting moment on the U-element by appl~ingabevelled part 3A at the lower surface of the plate 3. The upper leg 4 of the U-element need not to be bevelled then.
As appears particularly from figure 2, a plate 3 together with two U~elements 2 can be combined into one element by mountiny a flexible material 7, which preferably extends itself over the entire outer surface of the elements after completion of the floor.
The flexible material 7 serves both for protecting the hinging points between the U-elements 2 and the plate 3, and for covering the insulating material, so that the latter is less exposed to harmful influences. Of course it is also possible to separately cover the entire underside of the plate 3 first and also to cover the ~-element 2, including the upper leg 4, whereafter the elements can be united by locally providing a flexible material near the pitch line 5. ~lso the other surfaccs of the elements can be provided with a flexible material, especially a fire retarding foil, so that a considerable re~
inforcement of the elements is obtained. The applying of such a foil provides no difficul-ties because of the simple shape of the elements.
~ Figure 2A shows another possibility for applying the flexible material 7, in such a way that during transportation the U-elements 2 are pivoted so far that a flat lower surface ., ' ~, 3~
of the whole is obtained. J
Figure 3 shows a section of a floor construction, where use is made of the T-beams l,U~clements 2 and the p].ates 3.
Again, the parts 2 and 3 are made of insulatiny material and the concrete floor 8 has been cast over the T-beams 1 and the plates 3.
As will appear, the pressure exerted by the concrete on the plate 3 will assure that the lower legs 6 of the U-elements
With such a known concrete floor construction the part of the insulating elements which constitutes the permanent forril, is carried ou-t as a part which is slightly vaulted upwards, with such a width that it can rest on the legs of the T-beams, whereas it is Drovided ir~ediately adjacent to the T-bea~s with downwards directed parts for insulating the ~ertical sides of the leys of the T-baams. From one of the downwards directed parts a horizontal part ex-tends itself outwards with respect to the element and this part assures the insulation of the under-most horizontal surface of the inverted T-Bear~l. After the T-beams have been put in place, the insulatlng elements are slid obliquely downwards between the beams, so that the laterally extending le~oL
the insulating element first comes to lie under the T-beaM, whereafter the insulating element can be tilted into its place.
The laterally extendin~ underrllost le~ of an insulatiny element MUSt extend itself beyond the other edge of the T-beam so as to lie against -the underside OL the next insulating element, .
.~
a ~
~ 2 --so that no lleat-bridges occur.
The laterally projecting parts of the elements are vulnerahle durin~J their transportatioll and o~ the manuEacturc of the elements a complicated mould must be used, as cuttiny such elements from massive material wil] involve too great a loss of material.
A drawback of such a construction is further that the underside of one of the two ~-beams which are situated near a side-wall, will not be covered automatically by an insulating element of the above-described type, as a result of the asymme-trical shape thereof. Therefore the under surface of the T-beam will not be covered by insulating material, unless this is done in a separate special way.
The manufacture of such elements in moulds has the drawback, that the core to core distance between the beams cannot be varied at wish, as for each distance a different element will have to be used.
In practice it appears indeed that such a shape of the elements of insulating material imposes restrictions on the type of the concrete floor construction and that certain parts thereof must be provided with a separate insulation.
~ further drawback of the use of the above-described elements of insulating material resides in that the asseMbly may cause probler~s when long T-beams,which must be supported temporarily until the cast concrete floor has cured, are used.
At the location of such a support the laterally projectin~ le~
o~ the insulat1n~ element will have to be cut out ~hen the , element is put in place. After the casting of the floor and the curiny thereof, the support will be removed and in prin-ciple it is desirable that the cut out part of the insulatinq element is replaced again, so that no heat-bridge occurs.
In connection with the necessary strength of the elements of insulating material, the thickness thereof mustbe considerably greater at certain places than is strictly necessary for the desired insulatin~ effect thereof. This leads to a use of more material than is strictly necessary. As the cycle time of a press used for the production of such elements is proportional to the thickness of the elements to be pressed, the production costs will be relatively high.
It is the purpose of the invention to provide a concrete floor construction which does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks and this is obtained in that the insulatin~
elements consist on the one hand of U-shaped eleMents which grip around the ends of the legs directed towards one another of the T-beaMs, and on the other hand of essentially plate-shaped elements which rest on the upper legs of the U-shaped elements.
As the essentiallv plate-shaped elements are pressed firmly on the upper legs of the U-shaped elements during the casting of the concrete floor, there is practically no risk that the seams between the elements lying on top of each other remain open. The risk of a seam remaining open occurs only under the T-beam, where the legs of the U-shaped elements lie against one another. Precisely this sea~, however, offers the possibility to temporarily support a T-beam until the concrete ~' ' floor has been cast and has cure~.
In order to assure lhat the legs of the two U-shaped elements under the T-beam will be pressed fi~rmly ayainst each other, it may be arranged that the outer surface o_ the upper, in assembled position, leg of the U-shaped element is carried out in such a way, that after the U-shaped element has been slid on the leg of the T-beam and has not yet been loaded, the outer surEace at the free end of the leg lies lower than at the other end of the leg. Thus the provided plate-shaped element will exert a tilting moment on the U-shaped element, so that the undermost leg of the U-shaped element is pressed further under the T-beam.
It is, however, also possible to carry out the lower surface of said plate-shaped element, at least near that part of it which comes to ly above -the leg of said U-shaped element, such that the plate shaped element as long as it is not loaded will only engage a small part of the leg of said U-shaped element, to wit, that part of the leg adjacent the rib of said U-shaped element, by which again the plate-shaped element will exert a tilting moment on the U--shaped element, so that the undermost le~ of the U-shaped element is pressed further under the T-~beam.
Because of the resilient properties of the insulating material the legs of the two U-elements will come to lie against each other when a narrow supporting element placed therebetween for the respective T-beam, is removed later.
In order to enable a fast assembly of the elements of insu1ating material and to avoi~ that the U-shaped elcments ~r`~
are slid incorrectly on the legs of the T-beams, the procedure t may be such that tlle plate and the U-shaped elements, before their assembly on the T-beams, are connected to each othcr at least locally by means of a flexible material, in such a way that the U-shaped elements provided along both edges of a plate-shaped element can pivot with respect to one another. This pivoting may take place around a pitch line, which is the most remote from the free end of the leg of the U-shaped elements,-but the pivoting may also take place in another way by partly not securing the flexible material to the insulating material.
The assembly of the flexible material can take place in the factory before the elements are transported to the building site and at the building site the U-shaped elements can be placed on the T-beams by slightly tilting the ~-shaped elements with respect to the plate to which they are pivot-mounted.
The width of the plate-shaped elements can be adapted to the core to core distance of the T-beams and also the length of the legs of the U-shaped elements can be adapted to the desired value, so that e.g. also two directly adjacent T-beams can be covered entirely at the underside with insulatlng material.
For obtalning a good protecttion of the insulating material against attacks thereon, e.g. by mice in the case of a floor of a ground floor, the flexible material may extend itself over the entire under surface of the elements in the assembled position thereof. As flexible material, especially a fire retarding foil can be thought of.
For obtaining a good adhesion between the cast ~: , .
' .
- .
. ,' , 3'.~
concrete floor and the T-beams, the upper edges o~ the plate-shaped element of insulating material which come to lle on the legs of the U-shaped elements, can be profiled in such a way that additional concrete can be cast along the edges of the upper surface of the element.
Accordiny to a preferable embodiment, the elements of insulating material are obtained by cuttiny them from a block of such material. Because of the simple shape of the elements, these can be fitted into each other to a high extent, so that a minimum quantity of waste occurs.
A very good fitting into each other of the elements, so that practically no waste occurs, can be obtained by cutting the U-shaped elements from the two longitudinal edges of a plate with an essentially rectangular cross section, so that the body of each U-shaped element is Eormed by a side of the plate and the legs by the upper and underside oE the plate.
During the transportation the U-shaped elements can be present on the plate, so that a compact unit of the plate with the two U-shaped elements is maintained. At the building site the U-shaped elements are removed from the plate and mounted on the beam, wherea~ter the plate is placed on the U-shaped elements. The plate then falls with its projecting part, which has ~een left between the cut out le~s of the two U~shaped elements, between the U-shaped elements, in such a way that the plate cannot slide during the casting of the concrete.
At the cutting of a number of plates with the corresponding U-shaped elements from a block, only a small quantity of waste will occur if ~the middle part of a plate, at a right anqle to its plane, is 91ightly displaccd, so that a slightly vaulted plate is obtained. This allows to slightly increase the strength of the plate when this is desirable to make the plate suitable for supporting a certain weight. In general the plate in the assembled position must be able to support the weight of a person who walks over the plate, as may happen during the assembly of the plates and before the casting of the concrete. Furthermore the plate may be adapted to the locally desired thickness of the further part of the floor construction.
The invention will now be explained by means of examples of emhodiments as shown in the drawing, in which:
Figure l shows a section over a T-beam and mounted thereon U-elements from insulating material, on each of which rests a plate-shaped element, which is not loaded;
Figure lA shows a part of fig. 1 but from a slightly modified embodimen-t;
Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the two U~elements, which are pivot-mounted to a piate shaped element and which with respect to this element are in a position on two adjacent T-beams during the assembly of the elements;
Figure 2A shows a part of the elements of figure 2, where the pivoting connectlon is realized in a sli~htly different way;
Figures 3-6 show cross sections over different floor constructions, where use is made of U- and plate-shaped elements ~3~
of insulating material;
Figure 7 shows a cross section over a I'-beam w:Lth a local and temporary support placed thereunder;
Figure 8 shows a cross section over two T-beams lying against each other wi-th a local and temporary support place thereunder;
Figure 9 gives a view of the two U-elements with a plate-shaped element resting thereon;
Figure 10 shows the elements of Figure 9, but in the position as they have been cut from a plate with a rectangular section and in which they are during the transportation of the elements;
Figure 11 gives a view corresponding to Figure 9, but of a slightly modified embodiment of the plate-shaped element;
and Figure 12 shows the way in which a number of elements according to figure 11 have been cu-t Erom one single block oE
insulating material.
In the manufacture of a floor construction according to the present invention, use is made of T-beams 1 (see figure 1), on which are slid U-elements 2 of insulating material, which supporl the plates 3 of insulating material. As figure 1 shows, the upper leg 4 of a U-element is bevelled, 50 that a pi.tch line 5 is obtained between the U-element 2 and the plate 3. When the plate 3 is loaded sufficiently, a t~.lting moment will be exerted on the U-element, in such a way that the lower legs 6 of the U-elements 2 are pressed towards each other in the direction ~ ....
.
_ 9 _ of the arrows P. Thus the seam between the legs will be kept resiliently closed.
Figure lA shows the possibility to exert a tilting moment on the U-element by appl~ingabevelled part 3A at the lower surface of the plate 3. The upper leg 4 of the U-element need not to be bevelled then.
As appears particularly from figure 2, a plate 3 together with two U~elements 2 can be combined into one element by mountiny a flexible material 7, which preferably extends itself over the entire outer surface of the elements after completion of the floor.
The flexible material 7 serves both for protecting the hinging points between the U-elements 2 and the plate 3, and for covering the insulating material, so that the latter is less exposed to harmful influences. Of course it is also possible to separately cover the entire underside of the plate 3 first and also to cover the ~-element 2, including the upper leg 4, whereafter the elements can be united by locally providing a flexible material near the pitch line 5. ~lso the other surfaccs of the elements can be provided with a flexible material, especially a fire retarding foil, so that a considerable re~
inforcement of the elements is obtained. The applying of such a foil provides no difficul-ties because of the simple shape of the elements.
~ Figure 2A shows another possibility for applying the flexible material 7, in such a way that during transportation the U-elements 2 are pivoted so far that a flat lower surface ., ' ~, 3~
of the whole is obtained. J
Figure 3 shows a section of a floor construction, where use is made of the T-beams l,U~clements 2 and the p].ates 3.
Again, the parts 2 and 3 are made of insulatiny material and the concrete floor 8 has been cast over the T-beams 1 and the plates 3.
As will appear, the pressure exerted by the concrete on the plate 3 will assure that the lower legs 6 of the U-elements
2 are pressed towards each other, so that the seam therebetwe~n is closed completely.
Figure 4 shows a construction in which the T-beams are obtained by starting from prefabricated beams 9 with a rectangular cross section, so that the T-profile is not created until after the casting of the floor 8. One of the beams is close to a wall and now use canbe made of a special U-element 10 with a lower leg 11, which has such a length that it comes to lie against the wall 12. Thus a complete insulation of also tllis edge beam is obtained. In this construction, furthermore, all beams do not lie at the same distance from each other, but this can be compensated for easily by making the one plate 3 narrower than the other.
Figure 5 shows a floor construction, in which two T-beams 1 have been placed close to one another, so that a grcater load can be exerted locally on the floor. For insulating the adjacent T-beams, use can now be made of a U-element 13 of which the lower leg 14 is prolonged, so that it extends itself under the entire leg of the T-beam.
': ~
v -Finally, igure 6 shows a construction in which so-called "open T-beams" 15 or "bar girders" are used. From the rectangular prefabricated beam 16 projects the reln~orccmerlt 16', which is incorporated in the concrete when the floor 8 ls cast.
As figure 6 shows, the floor can be carried out more heavily locally, so that at that location a greater load can be supported. For this purpose use can be made of a U-element 17, of which the upper leg 18 is carried out thinner than the lower leg 19. Because of the smaller core to core distance of the T-beams, 'also the plates 20 can have a smaller thickness, so that the thickness of the concrete floor above the plates 20 is greater than there where no greater loads are exerted on the flbor.
Figure 7 shows the way in which a T-beam 15 can be supported until after the casting and curing of the concrete floor. For this purpose, use can be made of a simple spacer 21 betweenthe T-beam 15 and an assembly support 22. The spacer 21 can have a small thickness, so that after its removal the lower legs of the U-elements will resiliently move towards one another, as described above. The spacers 21 can be placed at any desired place of a beam, as long as they are placed centrally under the beam.
Figure 8 shows in which way a spacer 23 can be mounted for supporting two adjacent T-beams lS. The spacer 23 may consist e.g. of two round bars at a right angle to one another, so that for the removal of this spacer it is only necessary to rotate this spacer on the vertical leg, whereaf~er ~3~
the horizontal ley can be withdrawn from between the U-elements.
Then the legs of the ~-elements again move rcsiliently towards one another as described above, so that no opening in the seam remains behind.
So very simple spacers can be used, which in the first place cause no difficulties in the assembly of the U~elements of insulating material on the T-beams and which can also be removed easily after completion of the floor, without leaving parts of the T-beams without insulation.
As will result from figures 9 and 10, an essentially plate-shaped element 24 as well as two U-elements 25 can be cut from a plate of insulating material with a rectangular cross section, so that practically no waste occurs and that practically no unused space occurs during the transportation of the elements.
Figure 10 shows the elements fitted into one another and figure 9 shows the way in which the plate-shaped element 24 is laid on the elements 25, a part oE the plate 24 being lowered between the U-elements 25. Thus the plate 24 is kept in its place during the casting of the concrete Figures 11 and 12 show a somewhat modified version of figures 9 and 10. Figure 12 shows the way in which a number of U-elements 25 and plates 26 are cut from a block of insulatiny material, the plate 26 receiving a somewhat vaulted shape.
Nevertheless, little waste occurs by the cutting, namely~only the two strips 27 at the one side of the bock and the strip 27' at the other side. By making the plate 26 somewhat vaulted, the strength thereof can be increased slightly, but in particular ~, , .
...
it is possible to adapt the construction height of the floor and the thickness of the concrete above the ~lement 26 to the r thickness which is desirable Eor obtaining a certain supporting strength of the floo~ which is obtained.
It will be obvious that only a few embodiments of the invention have been shown in the drawing and described in the above, and that numerous modiEications are possible without leaving the scope of the invention.
Thus it is possible e.g. that the upper leg 4 of the U-elements 2, as shown in figures 1 and 2, is not bevelled, but is provided approximately at the place of the pitch line 5 with an upwards projecting part in the shape oE a cam. Thus a tilting moment will be exerted as well on the U-element by the plate 3 and the concrete cast thereon.
When "insulating elements" are mentioned in the above, one will think in the first place of elements of foamed synthetic material such as polystyrene, which material is used already Eor the known elements. This material is especially suitable for the manufacture of floors of ground floors, the underside of which wants no finishing.
For the manufàcture of floors or ceilings of which the underside remains visible, the plate- and ~ elements can also be made of other materials, such as timber, plaster etc., in such a way that, possibly after further finishing, a "beam ceiling"; which nowadays is bec~ing envogue again, is obtained.
Of course the insulating value of such materials will be smaller than that of elements of foamed synthetic materials.
. ~ .
Figure 4 shows a construction in which the T-beams are obtained by starting from prefabricated beams 9 with a rectangular cross section, so that the T-profile is not created until after the casting of the floor 8. One of the beams is close to a wall and now use canbe made of a special U-element 10 with a lower leg 11, which has such a length that it comes to lie against the wall 12. Thus a complete insulation of also tllis edge beam is obtained. In this construction, furthermore, all beams do not lie at the same distance from each other, but this can be compensated for easily by making the one plate 3 narrower than the other.
Figure 5 shows a floor construction, in which two T-beams 1 have been placed close to one another, so that a grcater load can be exerted locally on the floor. For insulating the adjacent T-beams, use can now be made of a U-element 13 of which the lower leg 14 is prolonged, so that it extends itself under the entire leg of the T-beam.
': ~
v -Finally, igure 6 shows a construction in which so-called "open T-beams" 15 or "bar girders" are used. From the rectangular prefabricated beam 16 projects the reln~orccmerlt 16', which is incorporated in the concrete when the floor 8 ls cast.
As figure 6 shows, the floor can be carried out more heavily locally, so that at that location a greater load can be supported. For this purpose use can be made of a U-element 17, of which the upper leg 18 is carried out thinner than the lower leg 19. Because of the smaller core to core distance of the T-beams, 'also the plates 20 can have a smaller thickness, so that the thickness of the concrete floor above the plates 20 is greater than there where no greater loads are exerted on the flbor.
Figure 7 shows the way in which a T-beam 15 can be supported until after the casting and curing of the concrete floor. For this purpose, use can be made of a simple spacer 21 betweenthe T-beam 15 and an assembly support 22. The spacer 21 can have a small thickness, so that after its removal the lower legs of the U-elements will resiliently move towards one another, as described above. The spacers 21 can be placed at any desired place of a beam, as long as they are placed centrally under the beam.
Figure 8 shows in which way a spacer 23 can be mounted for supporting two adjacent T-beams lS. The spacer 23 may consist e.g. of two round bars at a right angle to one another, so that for the removal of this spacer it is only necessary to rotate this spacer on the vertical leg, whereaf~er ~3~
the horizontal ley can be withdrawn from between the U-elements.
Then the legs of the ~-elements again move rcsiliently towards one another as described above, so that no opening in the seam remains behind.
So very simple spacers can be used, which in the first place cause no difficulties in the assembly of the U~elements of insulating material on the T-beams and which can also be removed easily after completion of the floor, without leaving parts of the T-beams without insulation.
As will result from figures 9 and 10, an essentially plate-shaped element 24 as well as two U-elements 25 can be cut from a plate of insulating material with a rectangular cross section, so that practically no waste occurs and that practically no unused space occurs during the transportation of the elements.
Figure 10 shows the elements fitted into one another and figure 9 shows the way in which the plate-shaped element 24 is laid on the elements 25, a part oE the plate 24 being lowered between the U-elements 25. Thus the plate 24 is kept in its place during the casting of the concrete Figures 11 and 12 show a somewhat modified version of figures 9 and 10. Figure 12 shows the way in which a number of U-elements 25 and plates 26 are cut from a block of insulatiny material, the plate 26 receiving a somewhat vaulted shape.
Nevertheless, little waste occurs by the cutting, namely~only the two strips 27 at the one side of the bock and the strip 27' at the other side. By making the plate 26 somewhat vaulted, the strength thereof can be increased slightly, but in particular ~, , .
...
it is possible to adapt the construction height of the floor and the thickness of the concrete above the ~lement 26 to the r thickness which is desirable Eor obtaining a certain supporting strength of the floo~ which is obtained.
It will be obvious that only a few embodiments of the invention have been shown in the drawing and described in the above, and that numerous modiEications are possible without leaving the scope of the invention.
Thus it is possible e.g. that the upper leg 4 of the U-elements 2, as shown in figures 1 and 2, is not bevelled, but is provided approximately at the place of the pitch line 5 with an upwards projecting part in the shape oE a cam. Thus a tilting moment will be exerted as well on the U-element by the plate 3 and the concrete cast thereon.
When "insulating elements" are mentioned in the above, one will think in the first place of elements of foamed synthetic material such as polystyrene, which material is used already Eor the known elements. This material is especially suitable for the manufacture of floors of ground floors, the underside of which wants no finishing.
For the manufàcture of floors or ceilings of which the underside remains visible, the plate- and ~ elements can also be made of other materials, such as timber, plaster etc., in such a way that, possibly after further finishing, a "beam ceiling"; which nowadays is bec~ing envogue again, is obtained.
Of course the insulating value of such materials will be smaller than that of elements of foamed synthetic materials.
. ~ .
Claims (10)
1. A concrete floor construction comprising inter-spaced mutually parallel inverted T-beams; elements of resilient insulating material, which are supported by the horizontally extending legs of oppositely situated T-beams and which cover the underside of the T-beams and constitute a permanent form between the T-beams; and a floor surface of cast concrete over the T-beams and the insulating elements, characterized in that said insulating elements comprise U-shaped-elements, which grip around the ends of the legs of the T-beams with the lower legs of the U-shaped elements in contact with each other and essentially plate-shaped elements, which are pressed on the upper legs of the V-shaped-elements.
2. A concrete floor construction according to claim 1, in which with the U-shaped-element on the leg of the T-beam in an unloaded condition, the outer surface at the free end of the upper leg thereof is lower than the outer surface at the other end of the leg, whereby the assemb-led plate-shaped element exerts a tilting moment on the U-shaped-element, so that the lower leg of the U-element is forced further under the T-beam.
3. A concrete floor construction according to claim 1, in which the lower surface of said plate-shaped element, at least near that part which lies above the upper leg of said U-shaped-element, is such that the plate-shaped element in unloaded condition only engages a small part of the upper leg of said U-shaped-element, including that part of the leg adjacent the rib of said V-shaped-element, whereby the plate-shaped element exerts a tilting moment on the U-shaped-element and the lower leg of the U-shaped-element is forced further under the T-beam.
4. A concrete floor construction according to claim 1, in which the plate- and U-shaped-elements, before their assembly on the T-beams, are connected to each other at least locally by means of a flexible material, such that the U-shaped-elements provided along both edges of the plate-shaped element can pivot with respect to one another.
5. A concrete floor construction according to claim 4, in which each U-shaped-element can pivot with respect to the plate-shaped element around a pitch line, which is most remote from the free end of the leg of the U-shaped-element.
6. A concrete floor construction according to claim 4 or 5, in which the flexible material extends over the entire under surface of the elements in the assembled position thereof.
7. A concrete floor construction according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the upper edges of the plate-shaped element which lie on the legs of the U-shaped-elements, are profiled in such a way that the edges of the upper sur-faces of two adjacent elements lie at a greater distance from one another.
8. A concrete floor construction according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the U-shaped-elements are cut from the two longitudinal edges of a plate with an essentially rectangular cross section, in such a way that the body of each U-shaped-element is formed by a side of the plate and the legs by the upper and undersides of the plate respective-ly,
9. A concrete floor construction according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the middle part of the plate, at a right angle to its plane, is displaced slightly, to provide a slightly vaulted plate.
10. A concrete floor construction according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the elements of insulating material are obtained by cutting them from a block of such material.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL7904326A NL7904326A (en) | 1979-06-01 | 1979-06-01 | CONCRETE FLOOR CONSTRUCTION ISOLATED ON THE BOTTOM AND INSULATION MATERIALS USED THEREIN. |
| NL7904326 | 1979-06-01 | ||
| US11274280A | 1980-01-17 | 1980-01-17 | |
| US06/112,742 | 1980-01-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1139582A true CA1139582A (en) | 1983-01-18 |
Family
ID=26645531
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000352876A Expired CA1139582A (en) | 1979-06-01 | 1980-05-28 | Concrete floor construction which is insulated at the underside, and elements of insulating material used therewith |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT367135B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1139582A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3020311A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK234080A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2457936A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2053313B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1131219B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU82474A1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8004026L (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2118989B (en) * | 1982-04-01 | 1986-03-05 | Trent Concrete Floors Limited | Dry-laid floors |
| GB2126619B (en) * | 1982-08-21 | 1986-05-08 | Helm Project Services Limited | Insulation mounting |
| US4682458A (en) * | 1983-10-27 | 1987-07-28 | Trent Jetfloor Limited | Dry laid floors |
| GB2178775B (en) * | 1983-10-28 | 1987-07-15 | Trent Jetfloor Ltd | Dry-laid floors using foamed plastics material blocks |
| GB2148965B (en) * | 1983-10-28 | 1987-07-08 | Trent Concrete Floors Limited | Dry-laid floors |
| GB2167098B (en) * | 1984-11-16 | 1988-05-11 | Rackham Housefloors Limited | Floor of settable material |
| FR2614336B1 (en) * | 1987-04-23 | 1991-09-27 | Rech Etudes Tech | PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT WITH INTEGRATED THERMAL INSULATION, IN PARTICULAR FLOOR ELEMENT, AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| FR2650012B1 (en) * | 1989-07-24 | 1994-05-13 | Aragon Rene | METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING SINGLE HOUSES USING A LIFTING MEANS AND PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD |
| IES61318B2 (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 1994-11-02 | Leanort Ltd | Concrete floor construction insulated at the underside and insulating member used therewith |
| FR2774412B1 (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 2001-11-16 | Francois Cote | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SELF-SUPPORTING INSULATING JOISTS |
| GB2390102A (en) * | 2002-06-25 | 2003-12-31 | Ozdemir Keskin | Suspended concrete floor with insulation overlying the support beams |
| FR2904016B1 (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2008-12-12 | Fabemi Gestion Soc Par Actions | REVERSIBLE LOST FORMWORK HOURDIS |
| FR2904342B1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2008-12-12 | Fabemi Gestion Soc Par Actions | LIGHT FLOORING OF BUILDINGS WITHOUT COMPRESSION TABLE, LOST FORMWORK HOURDIS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE LIGHT FLOOR |
| CN105155812A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-16 | 安徽卫泰木塑科技有限公司 | Integrated engineering floor adopting solid structure |
-
1980
- 1980-05-21 LU LU82474A patent/LU82474A1/en unknown
- 1980-05-28 CA CA000352876A patent/CA1139582A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-05-29 DE DE19803020311 patent/DE3020311A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-05-29 GB GB8017574A patent/GB2053313B/en not_active Expired
- 1980-05-30 FR FR8012072A patent/FR2457936A1/en active Granted
- 1980-05-30 DK DK234080A patent/DK234080A/en unknown
- 1980-05-30 SE SE8004026A patent/SE8004026L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-05-30 IT IT22453/80A patent/IT1131219B/en active
- 1980-06-02 AT AT0291980A patent/AT367135B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT8022453A0 (en) | 1980-05-30 |
| FR2457936A1 (en) | 1980-12-26 |
| GB2053313B (en) | 1983-03-16 |
| FR2457936B1 (en) | 1984-02-03 |
| GB2053313A (en) | 1981-02-04 |
| DE3020311A1 (en) | 1980-12-11 |
| IT1131219B (en) | 1986-06-18 |
| SE8004026L (en) | 1980-12-02 |
| DK234080A (en) | 1980-12-02 |
| ATA291980A (en) | 1981-10-15 |
| AT367135B (en) | 1982-06-11 |
| LU82474A1 (en) | 1980-12-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |