CA1129208A - Compact dressing tool - Google Patents
Compact dressing toolInfo
- Publication number
- CA1129208A CA1129208A CA333,490A CA333490A CA1129208A CA 1129208 A CA1129208 A CA 1129208A CA 333490 A CA333490 A CA 333490A CA 1129208 A CA1129208 A CA 1129208A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- wheel
- composite
- grinding wheel
- abrasive
- working edge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
- B24B53/12—Dressing tools; Holders therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A dresser tool comprises two composite compacts positioned to crush and shear the grinding wheel. Preferably one composite compact is arranged such that its working edge contacts the grinding wheel tangentially; and the other compact is placed so that its working edge is normal to the grinding wheel at a rake angle ranging from positive to negative.
A dresser tool comprises two composite compacts positioned to crush and shear the grinding wheel. Preferably one composite compact is arranged such that its working edge contacts the grinding wheel tangentially; and the other compact is placed so that its working edge is normal to the grinding wheel at a rake angle ranging from positive to negative.
Description
Z~
This invention relates to methods for dressing grinding wheels and, more particularly, relates to dresser tools of abrasive compacts.
Dressing may be defined as any operation performed on the face of a grinding wheel that improves its cutting action. Trueing is a dressing opexation but is more precise, i.e., the face of the wheel may be made parallel to the spindle or made into a radius or special shape. Regularly applied trueing is also needed for the accurate size control of the work, particularly in automatic grinding.
Opening is another dressing operation and refers to the breaking away of the bond material from around the abrasive particles in a wheel thereby exposing them for grinding.
new wheel is initially opened and may have to be period-ically opened thereafter to expose new particles when the previously exposed particles have been dislodged or dulled and to remove grinding swarf, which may accumulate during grinding, from around the abrasive particles.
Reference can be made to Machinery's Handbook (20th Ed. 1976) pp. 1992 to 1994 for a listing of commonly used dressing tools and methods for their use. One common type is a single point diamond tool having a granular shaped diamond mounted at one end of a tool shank. Dressing is performed with such a tool by engaging the periphery of a rotating wheel with the cylindrical handle of the tool disposed at a negative angle of 10 to 15 relative to a line drawn perpendicular to a tangent to the wheel periphery at the point of engagement of the tool with the wheel. This is equivalent to a negative back rake angle of about 55 to 60. The tool is also occasionally rotated about its longitudinal axis to prolong diamond life by limiting the extent of the wear facets and also to produce a pyramidal shape of the diamond tip.
~2~;~8 It is also comn~Dn to use a dresser having a plurality of individual diamon~smounted in an array, e.g., straight line, across the nib of the dresser.
These dressers are generally referred to as multi-point or cluster type. In use, the dresser is canted at an angle of 3 to 10, bringing two to five individual diamond points into contact with the grinding wheel.
The multiple points often permit faster cross feed rates than the single point dresser.
While the prior dresser tools are generally considered to be satisfactory, manufacturers are always concerned with improving the grinding process, such as by improving the wheel life, wheel cutting speed, surface finish on the workpiece produced by the grinding wheel, dressing tool life and dressing speeds.
Present dressing techniques "gla~e" the grinding wheel slightly to produce a smooth surface finish. This produces a poor cutting wheel that "burns"
the object during grinding. It is desirable that the grinding wheel be both "free cutting" and capable of producing a smooth surface finish. "Free cutting"
refers to a grinding wheel's capability of rapidly removing material from a workpiece and requiring low cutting energy input from -the grinding machine. But the present technology, has no-t been able to meet the two ~' J - 2 -
This invention relates to methods for dressing grinding wheels and, more particularly, relates to dresser tools of abrasive compacts.
Dressing may be defined as any operation performed on the face of a grinding wheel that improves its cutting action. Trueing is a dressing opexation but is more precise, i.e., the face of the wheel may be made parallel to the spindle or made into a radius or special shape. Regularly applied trueing is also needed for the accurate size control of the work, particularly in automatic grinding.
Opening is another dressing operation and refers to the breaking away of the bond material from around the abrasive particles in a wheel thereby exposing them for grinding.
new wheel is initially opened and may have to be period-ically opened thereafter to expose new particles when the previously exposed particles have been dislodged or dulled and to remove grinding swarf, which may accumulate during grinding, from around the abrasive particles.
Reference can be made to Machinery's Handbook (20th Ed. 1976) pp. 1992 to 1994 for a listing of commonly used dressing tools and methods for their use. One common type is a single point diamond tool having a granular shaped diamond mounted at one end of a tool shank. Dressing is performed with such a tool by engaging the periphery of a rotating wheel with the cylindrical handle of the tool disposed at a negative angle of 10 to 15 relative to a line drawn perpendicular to a tangent to the wheel periphery at the point of engagement of the tool with the wheel. This is equivalent to a negative back rake angle of about 55 to 60. The tool is also occasionally rotated about its longitudinal axis to prolong diamond life by limiting the extent of the wear facets and also to produce a pyramidal shape of the diamond tip.
~2~;~8 It is also comn~Dn to use a dresser having a plurality of individual diamon~smounted in an array, e.g., straight line, across the nib of the dresser.
These dressers are generally referred to as multi-point or cluster type. In use, the dresser is canted at an angle of 3 to 10, bringing two to five individual diamond points into contact with the grinding wheel.
The multiple points often permit faster cross feed rates than the single point dresser.
While the prior dresser tools are generally considered to be satisfactory, manufacturers are always concerned with improving the grinding process, such as by improving the wheel life, wheel cutting speed, surface finish on the workpiece produced by the grinding wheel, dressing tool life and dressing speeds.
Present dressing techniques "gla~e" the grinding wheel slightly to produce a smooth surface finish. This produces a poor cutting wheel that "burns"
the object during grinding. It is desirable that the grinding wheel be both "free cutting" and capable of producing a smooth surface finish. "Free cutting"
refers to a grinding wheel's capability of rapidly removing material from a workpiece and requiring low cutting energy input from -the grinding machine. But the present technology, has no-t been able to meet the two ~' J - 2 -
2'~8 ~old criteria o~ free cutting and smooth surface finish because of the trade off inherent in the present dresser tools.
Accordingly, it is a feature of this invention to provide a dressing action which enhances and improves the grinding process in these areas.
Another feature of this invention is to provide an improved dressing tool particularly applicable for dressing grinding wheels which will grind workpieces and improve both free cutting and smooth surface finish characteristics.
The dresser tool of the present invention includes at least two composite compacts which are positioned on the tool nib to contact the rotating surface of the grinding wheel tangentially to crush the wheel and substantially normal to shear the wheel. With this structure, two action dressing is accomplished. The order of application of shearing and crushing across the wheel may be varied depending upon the results desired. The shearing compact may be disposed at a negative, positive or zero rake angle.
In its broader aspect the present invention involves a method of dressing wherein an abrasive body is used in succession to crush and shear. The abrasive body may be w ~tzi tic ' diamond, cubic or ~iar-~itic boron nitride composite compacts or cluster compacts, a macle diamond or cemented carbide compacts.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a double action dressing tool in accordance with the present invention;
Figures 2A, 2B and 2~ are fragmentary cross-sectional views, typically taken along line AA in Figure 1, showing the shearing compact set at zero, positive, and negative rake angles, respectively;
Figure 3 is a schematic view of the double action dresser tool being applied to a rotating grinding wheel; and 1129Z~8 Figure 4 is alternative embodiment of an oscillatory, double action dressing tool.
While this invention is susceptible of embodiment in many di~ferent forms there is shown in the drawings and will hereinafter be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the invention, and modifications thereto, with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the embodiments illustrated.
A dresser tool 10 of this invention is shown in Figure 1. Tool 10 includes a shank or handle portion 12 and a head nib 14. Two composite compact blanks 16 and 18 are carried or embedded or otherwise attached to the nib 14 and extend therefrom. The configurations of the shank 12 and head nib 14 are illustrative and other shapes well known in the art are also useful as well.
A cluster compact is defined as a cluster of abrasive particles bonded together either (1) in a self-bonded relationship, (2) by means of bonding medium disposed between the crystals, (3) by means of some combination of (1) and (2). Reference can be made of U.S. Patent No. 3,136,615 -dated June 9l 1964 - Bovenkerk et al; U.S. Patent No. 3,141,746 - dated July 21, 1964 - DeLai and U.S. Patent No. 3,233,988 -dated February 8, 1966 - Wentorf Jr. et al for a detailed disclosure of certain types of compacts and methods for making same.
A composite compact is defined as a cluster compact bonded to a substrate material such as cemented tungsten carbide. A bond to the substrate can be formed either during or subsequent to the formation of the cluster compact.
Reference can b~ made to U.S. Patent No. 3,745,623 - dated July 17, 1973 ~ ntorE Jr. et al; and U.S. Patent No.
Accordingly, it is a feature of this invention to provide a dressing action which enhances and improves the grinding process in these areas.
Another feature of this invention is to provide an improved dressing tool particularly applicable for dressing grinding wheels which will grind workpieces and improve both free cutting and smooth surface finish characteristics.
The dresser tool of the present invention includes at least two composite compacts which are positioned on the tool nib to contact the rotating surface of the grinding wheel tangentially to crush the wheel and substantially normal to shear the wheel. With this structure, two action dressing is accomplished. The order of application of shearing and crushing across the wheel may be varied depending upon the results desired. The shearing compact may be disposed at a negative, positive or zero rake angle.
In its broader aspect the present invention involves a method of dressing wherein an abrasive body is used in succession to crush and shear. The abrasive body may be w ~tzi tic ' diamond, cubic or ~iar-~itic boron nitride composite compacts or cluster compacts, a macle diamond or cemented carbide compacts.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a double action dressing tool in accordance with the present invention;
Figures 2A, 2B and 2~ are fragmentary cross-sectional views, typically taken along line AA in Figure 1, showing the shearing compact set at zero, positive, and negative rake angles, respectively;
Figure 3 is a schematic view of the double action dresser tool being applied to a rotating grinding wheel; and 1129Z~8 Figure 4 is alternative embodiment of an oscillatory, double action dressing tool.
While this invention is susceptible of embodiment in many di~ferent forms there is shown in the drawings and will hereinafter be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the invention, and modifications thereto, with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the embodiments illustrated.
A dresser tool 10 of this invention is shown in Figure 1. Tool 10 includes a shank or handle portion 12 and a head nib 14. Two composite compact blanks 16 and 18 are carried or embedded or otherwise attached to the nib 14 and extend therefrom. The configurations of the shank 12 and head nib 14 are illustrative and other shapes well known in the art are also useful as well.
A cluster compact is defined as a cluster of abrasive particles bonded together either (1) in a self-bonded relationship, (2) by means of bonding medium disposed between the crystals, (3) by means of some combination of (1) and (2). Reference can be made of U.S. Patent No. 3,136,615 -dated June 9l 1964 - Bovenkerk et al; U.S. Patent No. 3,141,746 - dated July 21, 1964 - DeLai and U.S. Patent No. 3,233,988 -dated February 8, 1966 - Wentorf Jr. et al for a detailed disclosure of certain types of compacts and methods for making same.
A composite compact is defined as a cluster compact bonded to a substrate material such as cemented tungsten carbide. A bond to the substrate can be formed either during or subsequent to the formation of the cluster compact.
Reference can b~ made to U.S. Patent No. 3,745,623 - dated July 17, 1973 ~ ntorE Jr. et al; and U.S. Patent No.
3,~
,4~-~ - dat~d ~uly 10, 1973 - Cristal and U.S. Patent No.
3,767,371 - dated October 23, 1973 - Wentorf Jr. et al for a detailed disclosure of certain types of composite compacts and methods of making same.
The term cemented carbide as used herein means one or more transitional carbides of a metal of Groups IVb, Vb, and VIb of the Periodic Table cemented or bonded by one or more matrix metals selected from the group iron, nickel and cobalt. A typical cemented carbide contains WC in a cobalt matrix or TiC in a nickel matrix.
Each of the composite blanks 16 and 18 can include a laminar substrate 16A and 18A of cemented carbide and an abrasive mass or layer 16B and 18B. Abrasive layer 16B may be comprised of an abrasive selected from the group consisting of diamond, cubic boron nitride (CBN), wurtzite ni-tride (WBN, and mixtures of two or more of the foregoing. Examples of suitable compo~ite compacts sold by the General Electric Company under the designations: COMPAX ~ Industrial Diamond Tool Blanks (polycrystalline diamond on a cemented carbide substrate) and BZN Compacts (CBN crystals on a cemen-ted carbide substrate).
Composite blank 16 is a relatively long blank and is positioned with its abrasive layer 16B in a generally vertical orientation, as viewed in Figure 1, whereas blank 18 is shorter and positioned with its abrasive layer 18B in a generally horizontal orientation.
The functions of the blanks 16 and 18 may be best understood with reference to Figure 3 which shows the typical application of tool 10 to the surface of grinding wheel 20 which is xotating in the direction indicated. Tool 10 is moved in two directions, namely, into and laterally across l~Z~Z~B
the surface of the wheel 20. Blank 16 functions to crush the grinding wheel and blank 18 shears the wheel.
The long blank 16 extends beyond the wheel contact region as shown in Figure 3. The action of the long blank 16, because of contact angles, crushes the grinding wheel. This function breaks bond posts in bonded wheels, exposing new grains of abrasives and fractures existing exposed grains.
The short blank 18 is positioned substantially near the grinding wheel contact radius. The short blank 18 shears the wheel grains establishing exact grinding wheel diameter and a "free cutting" state. The short blank rake angle may be zero, positive or negative as shown in Figures 2A, 2s and 2C, respectively. Rake angle refers to the angle of engagement of dresser tool with the grinding wheel as measured from the tool table as a plane of reference. A table of a dressing tool is the tool surface against which chips of the grinding wheel bear as they are severed. In any rake orientation the leading abrasive edge of blank 18 is essentially orthogonal to the leading abrasive edge of blank 16.
In this manner the working edge of compact 16 engages the wheel surface aligned substantially parallel to the direction of wheel rotation and compact 18 engages the wheel surface with its working edge substantially transverse to the direction of wheel rotation. The working edge of compact 18 should engage the wheel surface at a position adjacent to the point of tangency o~ the working edge of compact 16 to the wheel surface.
The double action (crush-shear) tool lU can be used two ways, depending upon which blank 16, 18 crosses the wheel 20 first during dressing. If the long blank 16 precedes the short one 18, crushing and then shearin~, a smooth, stable, free~cutting wheel surface will be produced. The action of 3LlZ~ 8 the short blank 18 will dimensionally stabilize the wheel 20 and open it a bit, especially if the blank is used at a positive rake.
If the tool 10 is used with the short blank 18 preceding the long blank 16, shearing is the predominant dressing mode. However, tool wear is greater for the short blank, exposing more of the long blank to the wheel and causing a crushing action. Dimensional control is excellent, but dimensional stability drops due to broken bond posts during the crushing action.
Figure 4 shows an alternative tool 10' which is especially useful for surface grinders and other machines where the tool 10' oscillates making several dressing passes across the grinding wheel. Tool 10' employs two crushing blanks 26 and 28 and one shearing blank 30. Composite compact blanks 26, 28 and 30 are embedded in or attached to nib 24 and include respectively, substrate 26A, 28A, 30A and abrasive 26B, A 28B, 30B, as described above. The structure of tool 10' assureS
that a crushing blank 26 or 28 will always precede the shearing blank 30 as the tool is oscillated across the face of the grinding wheel.
The orientation of blanks 26 and 30 may be rotated 180 from that shown in Figure 4. Blank 28 should be oriented as shown. Blank 30 may, of course, have a positive, zero, or negative rake angle as shown in Figures 2A-2C.
While the invention has been discribed in terms of illustrative tools, it is clear that in its broadest aspects the invention also includes a method of dressing wherein a abrasive is passed in a controlled orientation in successive passes across a grinding wheel to crush and shear. Thus, while this method may be conveniently practised with the use of a pair of blanks, Figure 1, or three blanks, when oscillation 1129~8 is used, Figure 4, it is possible to practise the method with a single blank.
The single blank method would include contac-ting the grinding wheel with the blank oriented substantially parallel to the direction of wheel rotation to crush during the first pass (as blank 16, Figure 1).
The second pass would subject the wheel to a shearing action by rotating the abrasive 90 about the tool handle axis and moving it across the wheel surface. As discussed previously, the order of the first and second pass may be reversed.
The abrasive may be of a cluster compact or composite compact of diamond/ cubic boron nitride, or wurtizitic boron nitride or a macle diamond (a thin, triangular shaped natural diamond in combination with a long needle-shaped crystal), or cemented carbide compacts.
These and other modifications may be made by these skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention as pointed out in the appended claims.
,4~-~ - dat~d ~uly 10, 1973 - Cristal and U.S. Patent No.
3,767,371 - dated October 23, 1973 - Wentorf Jr. et al for a detailed disclosure of certain types of composite compacts and methods of making same.
The term cemented carbide as used herein means one or more transitional carbides of a metal of Groups IVb, Vb, and VIb of the Periodic Table cemented or bonded by one or more matrix metals selected from the group iron, nickel and cobalt. A typical cemented carbide contains WC in a cobalt matrix or TiC in a nickel matrix.
Each of the composite blanks 16 and 18 can include a laminar substrate 16A and 18A of cemented carbide and an abrasive mass or layer 16B and 18B. Abrasive layer 16B may be comprised of an abrasive selected from the group consisting of diamond, cubic boron nitride (CBN), wurtzite ni-tride (WBN, and mixtures of two or more of the foregoing. Examples of suitable compo~ite compacts sold by the General Electric Company under the designations: COMPAX ~ Industrial Diamond Tool Blanks (polycrystalline diamond on a cemented carbide substrate) and BZN Compacts (CBN crystals on a cemen-ted carbide substrate).
Composite blank 16 is a relatively long blank and is positioned with its abrasive layer 16B in a generally vertical orientation, as viewed in Figure 1, whereas blank 18 is shorter and positioned with its abrasive layer 18B in a generally horizontal orientation.
The functions of the blanks 16 and 18 may be best understood with reference to Figure 3 which shows the typical application of tool 10 to the surface of grinding wheel 20 which is xotating in the direction indicated. Tool 10 is moved in two directions, namely, into and laterally across l~Z~Z~B
the surface of the wheel 20. Blank 16 functions to crush the grinding wheel and blank 18 shears the wheel.
The long blank 16 extends beyond the wheel contact region as shown in Figure 3. The action of the long blank 16, because of contact angles, crushes the grinding wheel. This function breaks bond posts in bonded wheels, exposing new grains of abrasives and fractures existing exposed grains.
The short blank 18 is positioned substantially near the grinding wheel contact radius. The short blank 18 shears the wheel grains establishing exact grinding wheel diameter and a "free cutting" state. The short blank rake angle may be zero, positive or negative as shown in Figures 2A, 2s and 2C, respectively. Rake angle refers to the angle of engagement of dresser tool with the grinding wheel as measured from the tool table as a plane of reference. A table of a dressing tool is the tool surface against which chips of the grinding wheel bear as they are severed. In any rake orientation the leading abrasive edge of blank 18 is essentially orthogonal to the leading abrasive edge of blank 16.
In this manner the working edge of compact 16 engages the wheel surface aligned substantially parallel to the direction of wheel rotation and compact 18 engages the wheel surface with its working edge substantially transverse to the direction of wheel rotation. The working edge of compact 18 should engage the wheel surface at a position adjacent to the point of tangency o~ the working edge of compact 16 to the wheel surface.
The double action (crush-shear) tool lU can be used two ways, depending upon which blank 16, 18 crosses the wheel 20 first during dressing. If the long blank 16 precedes the short one 18, crushing and then shearin~, a smooth, stable, free~cutting wheel surface will be produced. The action of 3LlZ~ 8 the short blank 18 will dimensionally stabilize the wheel 20 and open it a bit, especially if the blank is used at a positive rake.
If the tool 10 is used with the short blank 18 preceding the long blank 16, shearing is the predominant dressing mode. However, tool wear is greater for the short blank, exposing more of the long blank to the wheel and causing a crushing action. Dimensional control is excellent, but dimensional stability drops due to broken bond posts during the crushing action.
Figure 4 shows an alternative tool 10' which is especially useful for surface grinders and other machines where the tool 10' oscillates making several dressing passes across the grinding wheel. Tool 10' employs two crushing blanks 26 and 28 and one shearing blank 30. Composite compact blanks 26, 28 and 30 are embedded in or attached to nib 24 and include respectively, substrate 26A, 28A, 30A and abrasive 26B, A 28B, 30B, as described above. The structure of tool 10' assureS
that a crushing blank 26 or 28 will always precede the shearing blank 30 as the tool is oscillated across the face of the grinding wheel.
The orientation of blanks 26 and 30 may be rotated 180 from that shown in Figure 4. Blank 28 should be oriented as shown. Blank 30 may, of course, have a positive, zero, or negative rake angle as shown in Figures 2A-2C.
While the invention has been discribed in terms of illustrative tools, it is clear that in its broadest aspects the invention also includes a method of dressing wherein a abrasive is passed in a controlled orientation in successive passes across a grinding wheel to crush and shear. Thus, while this method may be conveniently practised with the use of a pair of blanks, Figure 1, or three blanks, when oscillation 1129~8 is used, Figure 4, it is possible to practise the method with a single blank.
The single blank method would include contac-ting the grinding wheel with the blank oriented substantially parallel to the direction of wheel rotation to crush during the first pass (as blank 16, Figure 1).
The second pass would subject the wheel to a shearing action by rotating the abrasive 90 about the tool handle axis and moving it across the wheel surface. As discussed previously, the order of the first and second pass may be reversed.
The abrasive may be of a cluster compact or composite compact of diamond/ cubic boron nitride, or wurtizitic boron nitride or a macle diamond (a thin, triangular shaped natural diamond in combination with a long needle-shaped crystal), or cemented carbide compacts.
These and other modifications may be made by these skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention as pointed out in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An improved multi-point dressing tool for grinding wheels comprising a shank portion and a nib and having at least two composite compacts positioned on the nib wherein a composite compact comprises:
(a) a mass comprising at least 70 volume percent of an abrasive selected from the group consisting of diamond and cubic boron nitride particles which are bonded together and wherein there is crystal-to-crystal bonding in the case of diamond, and which mass is bonded to;
(b) a substrate mass of cemented carbide selected from the group consisting of tungsten, titanium, and tantalum carbides;
wherein the improvement comprises a dressing tool having a first composite compact with a leading abrasive edge and a second composite compact with a leading abrasive edge, said first composite compact being positioned on said nib such that its leading edge contacts the rotating surface of the grinding wheel tangentially to crush the wheel and said second composite compact being positioned such that its leading edge is normal to the grinding wheel surface to shear the wheel.
(a) a mass comprising at least 70 volume percent of an abrasive selected from the group consisting of diamond and cubic boron nitride particles which are bonded together and wherein there is crystal-to-crystal bonding in the case of diamond, and which mass is bonded to;
(b) a substrate mass of cemented carbide selected from the group consisting of tungsten, titanium, and tantalum carbides;
wherein the improvement comprises a dressing tool having a first composite compact with a leading abrasive edge and a second composite compact with a leading abrasive edge, said first composite compact being positioned on said nib such that its leading edge contacts the rotating surface of the grinding wheel tangentially to crush the wheel and said second composite compact being positioned such that its leading edge is normal to the grinding wheel surface to shear the wheel.
2. The improved dressing tool of claim 1, wherein, said first and second composite compacts present edges in a substantially orthogonal relationship.
3. The improved dressing tool of claim 2 wherein said second composite compact is set at a positive rake angle.
4. A double action dressing tool for a grinding wheel comprising (a) a body defining a nib said nib having first, second, and third composite compacts extending therefrom;
(b) wherein a composite compact comprises: (1) a mass of at least 70 volume percent of an abrasive selected from the group consisting of diamond and cubic boron nitride particles bonded together wherein there is crystal-to-crystal bonding in the case of diamond, and which mass is bonded to; (2) a substrate mass of a cemented carbide selected from the group consisting of tungsten, titanium, and tantalum carbides;
(c) said first and third composite compacts each presenting an elongate abrasive working edge to tangentially contact and crush the grinding wheel periphery; and (d) said second composite compact presenting a working edge transverse to the direction of wheel rotation to shear the grinding wheel.
(b) wherein a composite compact comprises: (1) a mass of at least 70 volume percent of an abrasive selected from the group consisting of diamond and cubic boron nitride particles bonded together wherein there is crystal-to-crystal bonding in the case of diamond, and which mass is bonded to; (2) a substrate mass of a cemented carbide selected from the group consisting of tungsten, titanium, and tantalum carbides;
(c) said first and third composite compacts each presenting an elongate abrasive working edge to tangentially contact and crush the grinding wheel periphery; and (d) said second composite compact presenting a working edge transverse to the direction of wheel rotation to shear the grinding wheel.
5. A method of dressing a grinding wheel comprising the steps of rotating the grinding wheel about its axis;
contacting the wheel with a first working edge of an abrasive member having first and second working edges, said first working edge being aligned substantially parallel to the direction of wheel rotation and moving said first working edge across the wheel to cause a crushing action; and contacting the wheel with the second working edge of said abrasive member, said second working edge being aligned substantially perpendicular to the direction of wheel rotation and moving said second working edge across the wheel surface to cause a shearing action.
contacting the wheel with a first working edge of an abrasive member having first and second working edges, said first working edge being aligned substantially parallel to the direction of wheel rotation and moving said first working edge across the wheel to cause a crushing action; and contacting the wheel with the second working edge of said abrasive member, said second working edge being aligned substantially perpendicular to the direction of wheel rotation and moving said second working edge across the wheel surface to cause a shearing action.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein said shearing action step is performed prior to said crushing action step.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US93721878A | 1978-08-28 | 1978-08-28 | |
| US937,218 | 1986-12-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1129208A true CA1129208A (en) | 1982-08-10 |
Family
ID=25469637
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA333,490A Expired CA1129208A (en) | 1978-08-28 | 1979-08-09 | Compact dressing tool |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5531584A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE878445A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1129208A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH637865A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2932370A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES483634A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2434682A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2029291B (en) |
| IL (1) | IL57588A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1122869B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7905304A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE435464B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA792936B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3020314C2 (en) | 1980-05-29 | 1982-09-23 | Industriediamanten Gmbh, 2072 Bargteheide | Tool for dressing grinding wheels |
| DE3050381C1 (en) * | 1980-05-29 | 1985-06-05 | Industriediamanten Gmbh, 2072 Bargteheide | Arrangement for dressing a grinding wheel |
| DE3532506A1 (en) * | 1985-04-29 | 1986-11-13 | Litton Industrial Products, Inc., Waynesboro, Pa. | PROGRAMMABLE PROCESSING DEVICE |
| JPS62178063U (en) * | 1986-05-02 | 1987-11-12 | ||
| EP3542959B1 (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2021-09-15 | Vincent S.r.l. | Dressing device |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1737551A (en) * | 1925-10-22 | 1929-12-03 | Frank W Aikin | Burr for dressing pulp grindstones |
| US2515091A (en) * | 1946-09-27 | 1950-07-11 | Hubert H May | Dressing holder for grinding wheels |
| US2662519A (en) * | 1951-03-14 | 1953-12-15 | Super Cut | Diamond dressing tool |
| US3263668A (en) * | 1963-10-08 | 1966-08-02 | Jr Herry L Strauss | Dressing tool for abrasive grinding wheels |
| US3596649A (en) * | 1968-04-04 | 1971-08-03 | J K Smit & Sons Inc | Abrasive tool and process of manufacture |
-
1979
- 1979-06-13 ZA ZA792936A patent/ZA792936B/en unknown
- 1979-06-18 IL IL57588A patent/IL57588A/en unknown
- 1979-07-03 GB GB7923114A patent/GB2029291B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-07-06 NL NL7905304A patent/NL7905304A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-07-23 JP JP9417979A patent/JPS5531584A/en active Pending
- 1979-08-09 DE DE19792932370 patent/DE2932370A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-08-09 CA CA333,490A patent/CA1129208A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-08-21 IT IT25257/79A patent/IT1122869B/en active
- 1979-08-22 CH CH766179A patent/CH637865A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-08-24 ES ES483634A patent/ES483634A1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-08-27 BE BE0/196890A patent/BE878445A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-08-28 FR FR7921580A patent/FR2434682A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-08-28 SE SE7907161A patent/SE435464B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2932370A1 (en) | 1980-03-20 |
| BE878445A (en) | 1979-12-17 |
| ES483634A1 (en) | 1980-09-01 |
| IL57588A (en) | 1982-03-31 |
| GB2029291A (en) | 1980-03-19 |
| JPS5531584A (en) | 1980-03-05 |
| CH637865A5 (en) | 1983-08-31 |
| SE435464B (en) | 1984-10-01 |
| NL7905304A (en) | 1980-03-03 |
| FR2434682A1 (en) | 1980-03-28 |
| IT7925257A0 (en) | 1979-08-21 |
| IT1122869B (en) | 1986-04-30 |
| SE7907161L (en) | 1980-02-29 |
| GB2029291B (en) | 1982-08-11 |
| ZA792936B (en) | 1980-11-26 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |