CA1126105A - Multifilament yarn comprising single filaments of the multicomponent matrix-segment type - Google Patents
Multifilament yarn comprising single filaments of the multicomponent matrix-segment typeInfo
- Publication number
- CA1126105A CA1126105A CA346,709A CA346709A CA1126105A CA 1126105 A CA1126105 A CA 1126105A CA 346709 A CA346709 A CA 346709A CA 1126105 A CA1126105 A CA 1126105A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- yarn
- component
- segment
- matrix
- fibres
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
- D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
- D02G1/0206—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting
- D02G1/0253—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting while bonding at least some of the filaments or fibres together
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
- D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
- D02G1/0286—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist characterised by the use of certain filaments, fibres or yarns
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
A b s t r a c t A multifilament yarn consisting of single filaments of the multicomponent matrix-segment type where the single components of the yarn show a false-twist crimp and where all or part of the individual components consisting of the matrix and at least three segment fibers split off such matrix, said segment fibers having shrunk by at least 10% in relation to the matrix fiber, are bonded to each other at irregular intervals.
Description
~ he invention relates to a multifilament yarn con-sisting of individual filaments of the multicomponent matrix-segment type, which contains the individual filaments essentially as a matrix and at least three segment-fibres split therefrom, the segment-fibres being shrunk by at least 10% in relation to the matrix. The invention also relates to a method for producing the yarn according to the invention.
Yarns made of individual filaments of the multi-component matrix-segment type are described in Canadian Patent Application SN 322,710, Klaus Gerlach et al, filed March 2, 1979 and Canadian Patent Application S~ 320,168, Erich ~essler et al, filed January 24, 1979. These yarns consist of at least two different polymers with quite different shrinkage behavi.our whereby complete or partial separation of the components is obtained.
It has now been found that surprising effects may be obtained, under certain conditions, when imparting to.yarns of this type a false-twist texture, by appropriate selection of the polymers processed together and of the texturising conditions.
It is therefore the purpose of the invention to prepare a yarn from individual filaments of the multicomponent- ~ -matrix type which may easily be processed into sheets without twisting, sizing, or any other treatment for the purpose of closing the yarn, and in which the components constitut.ing the yarn in the fin:ished sheet show a very fine individual titre.
According to the invention there is provided a multifilament yarn consisting of individual filaments of the multicomponent matrix-se~ment type, which contains the individual filaments essentially as a matrix and at least three segment fibres split therefrom, the segment fibres being shrunk by at least l~/o with respect to the matrix, the individual ~Z6~5 components of the yarn having a false-twist crim~, the indivldual components being united, at least in part, ln the yarn assembly, at irregular intervals, by weld or adhesive locations at leastpartially covering the cross-section the yarn.
The individual components of the yarn may be united wholly or partially at the irregular intervals, by adhesive locations which completely or partially cover the cross-section of the yarn.
The matrix-component may,be made of a polyamide and the segment-component of polyalkylene-terephthalate. In one particularly suitable combination, the matrix-component is a caprolactam and the segment-compOnent is a polyethylene~
terephthalate.
Suitably the weight ratio of matrix-component to seyment-component i9 about 5 : 95 ~o 45 : 55, preferably about ~' 10 ~ 90 to 25 : 75. ~, A variety of multicomponent filaments are envisaged in the yarn of the invention. It is especially preferred to ~ ,';
employ a multicomponent filament which comprises a matrix-component and at least six segment-components. Suitably the segment-components have individual titres in a range of about 0.08 to about 2.0, preferably, about 0.1 to about 1.4 dtex.
The yarn suitably has a false-twist crimp of an intensity of about 1500 to 4500 twists/metre, with the number of weld or adhesive locations uniting more than two individual components averaging about 5 to 40 per metre.
In another aspect of the invention, khere is provided a method for producing a yarn of the invention in which a multifilament yarn made of individual filaments of the multi- -component matrix-segment type is subjected to a false-twist treatment in which the setting temperature used is at least that required for the component having the lowest metling temper-ature, and wherein the twist-density is selected, dependent upon the total titre of the multifilament yarn made of individual filaments of the matrix-segment type, between about 1500 and 4500 twists/metre.
In this case, it is preferable of the setting tempera-ture to be between about 180 and about 2~0C, more particularly between about 190 and about 230C.
It has been found advantageous for the twist-density in the fixing section to be such that it corresponds to the normal twist-density ùsed in texturizing a normal multifilament polyethylene-terephthalate yarn of approximately the same titre.
Within the meaning of the invention, the term yarns includes, in addition to endless, multifilament linear material made of endless or staple fibres, structures such as weaves, knits, tricots and fleeces.
In another aspect of,the invention there is provided a textile structure, for example a knitt~d, tricot or woven textile structure composed of yarns of the invention, and a method for its preparation~
It is advantageous for the multifilament ~arn con-sisting of individual filaments of the multi-component matrix-segment type of the invention to be subjected, at a setting temperature of between about 190 and 240C, to a false-twist treatment, which produces between about 10 and 40 adhesive locations per metre, and thereafter to be processed into a textile structure; this structure is then subjected, in an organic solvent which reduces the zero shrinkage temperature of the segment-component by at least 160C, to a simultaneous shrinking and full,ng treatment. ~he fulling treatment is highly intensive, in order to prevent a subsequent change in .
~ ~ :
.Q5 feel during use.
In the reduction oE the zero shrinkage temperature suitably about 50 to 8~/o of the uniting locations are released.
The false twist process preferred is the stretch-texturizing process, the stretch-ratio being selected, in known fashion, having regard to the end-product desired~
Methylene chloride, 1,1,2,2-tetrachlorethane, 1,1,2-trichlorethane and chloroform have been found particularly effective as organic solvents.
Shrinkable, within the meaning of the invention, ~ :
signifies that the segment-component fibres may be shrunk, for ~ .
example, by treatment with the solvents used in accordance ;~ :
with the invention, :
It is significant that the seyment-components shows substantial shrinkage in the solvents of the invention, it ~ :~
is desirable for this shrinkage to amount to at least 10%, preferably at least 15%. Persons skilled in the art will ~e familiar with ways of determining the shrinkage behaviour.
It is important for the matrix and segment-components to display different shrinkage behaviour in the solvent; for example, the segments-component may suitably shrink, whereas the matrix-component does not. Or the amount of shrinkage may be different. It is essential, however, for the induction-time, that is the time until the shr:inkage becomes no-ticeable in the treatment medium, to be different. Suitably the shrinkage induction-time of the se~nent~components is as short as possible, preferably of the order oE seconds. 'rhe difference in shrinkage behaviour may also be manifested in that the shrink-age velocity of the peripheral segments of the yarn is greater than that o~ the matrix-~omponent. Information regarding the determination of the induction-time may be gathered from two publications by NoL~ LINDNER in the periodical "Colloid and ~:
o~
Polymer Sci.", 255, pages 213 et seq. and 433 et seq. (1977).
It is also the purpose of the invention to produce knitted, tricot or woven material having special feel and wear properties.
This is achieved by processing wholly or partly false-twist texturized multifilament yarn of the invention into a knitted, tricot or woven textile structure. The object of the invention is therefore textile structure obtained in this way.
In one embodiment of the invention a multifilament yarn consisting of individual filaments of the multi-component matrix-segment type were subjected, at a setting temperature `
of between about 190 to 240C, to a false-twist treatment producing about 10 to 40 weld or adhesive locations per metre.
After being processed into a textile material, they were subjected, in an organic solvent which reduced the zero-.
shrinkage temperature of the segment-component by at least .
100C, to a simultaneous shrinking and fulling treatment. The fulling treatment was highly intensive, in order to prevent any subsequent change in feel during use. The yarns in the finished, after-treated material showed a reduction of between about 50 and ~0% in weld locations.
It is particularly advantageous to stretch--texturize the yarns used for ~he material of the inventionj the stretch-ratio being selected, in a manner known per se, ln adaptatlon to the desired end-product.
A suitable setting temperature thus makes it possible to obtain a wide range of different degrees of feel in the material. In this connection, the fulling treatment, carried out simultaneously with the solvent treatment, is particularly signlficant. This fulling treatment must be so thorough that :: :
~2~
it is impossibl~ for the feel of the material to change any further during use, or during wear, as a result of the release of further weld-locations or any separation between the matrix-and segment-components.
The splitting-off of the texturized multicomponent yarns, especially the release of weld locations, is best carried out after the yarns have been processed, according to the invention, into textile and technical or industrial structures.
It is of particular advantage to produce structures including knits, tricots and weaves, using a texturized yarn o~ the invention which, upon being-texturized by heat treatment, acquires at least about 10, but if possi~le not more than 40, weld locations per metre of yarn length.
Yarns of the matrix-segment type, upon which the in~ention is ~ased, are made from polymers which are not miscible with each other, do not react chemically with each other and, when mixed with each other in the melt or placed side by side, and spun into a multicomponent yarn, display a distinct phase boundary under given conditions. Preferred e~amples of such incompatible polymers are polyamides and polyesters, special preference being given, within the scope of the invention, to polyesters based upon terephthalic acid.
These polymers also fail to show, in the melt, at least within specific times, an~ rloticeable chemical reaction with each other.
Thus no, or scarcely any, mixed polymers are formed which would cause the two phaes to adhere together more firmly. It is to be understood that exchange reactions, which may o~cur between polyesters and ~olyamides in the melt over longer periods of time, as described for example in Doklady Akademii Nauk USSR
1962, Vol. 147, ~o. 6, pages 13, 165 to ~, are disregarded~
~126~ 5 Multicomponent yarns, having a matrix and a plurality of components axranged in segments, are to be understood to mean yarns in which the individual segments and the matrix are arranged continuously along the axis of the yarn, so that the cross section of the yarn is substantially the same along its length. Examples of suitable yarn cross sections for the invention are illustrated in Figures 1 to 7, of the drawings the matrix being marked a and the segments b.
Organic solvents, within the meaning of the invention, are chemical substances which,can physically dissolve other substances. It is unnecessary and, as a rule, even undesirable '~
for the solvent to dissolve one or all of the polymers con-stituting the multicomponent yarns. In exceptional cases, however, it is appropriate to dissolve the matrix-component, ~' ' for example, wholly or partly out after processing into a~material. , The solvent should allow the segment-component fibres to shrink sharply, bu~ the matrix only slightly or not at all.
The zero shrinkage temperature may be determlned by a method described, for example, in Lenzinger Berîchte, May 1976, sequence 40, pages 22 to 29. This deals with dynamic shrinkage curves for yarns in the solvent under consideration for treating the multicomponent yarns. Extrapolation of the linear portion of the dynamic shrinkage curve gives the æero shrinkage temperature as the intersectlon with the abscissa.
It has been found, that the above-mentioned solvents, in particular, methylene chloride, l,1,2,2-tetrachlorethane, 1,1,2-trichlorethane and chloroEorm, reduce the zero shrinkage temperature of the segment-component adequately and produce an unexpectedly satisfactory splitting~off of the multi~
component yarns.
Multicomponent yarns, used as starting materials in ~ -the method of the invention may be produced in various ways by spinning suitable polymers by the melt-spin process using appropriate nozzles or spinning means, and by stretching in the normal manner. Such multicomponent yarns may be produced particularly advantageously by the method and device described in the afor mentioned Canadian Patent Application SN 322,710.
The choice of the proportions, by weight of the matrix- and segment-components is a significant factor. Parti-cularly in the case of yarns having a content by weight of matrix-component of about 10 to 25% it has been found that dissolving the weld locations is considerably facilitated, if a setting temperature of about 225 to 230C, or 235C at the most, is not exceeded.
Decisive factors in the structure of the finished yarn of the invention are, in general, the distribution of the matrix- and segment-components, the degree of twist applied, and the setting temperature. It has been found, in particular that if the effect of the invention is to be achieved at all, the temperature used for thermosetting must correspond at least to that re~uired for the yarn component having the lowest melting point, that is the yarn component constituting the matrix.
The more this temperature is exceeded, the larger the number of weld locations, not only those present after the texturi3ing process, but also those which can no longer be released by, for example, dissolving.
Suitable selection of the setting temperature thus makes it possible to achieve in the matsrial a wide range of different deyrees of feel. In this connection, the fulling treatment applied simultaneously with the solvent treatment is of special signi~icance. The fulling treatment must be so thorough that the feel of the material during wear or use does not change as the result of the release of additional weld or adhesive locations, or of further separation between the matrix- and segment-components.
The choice of the matrixprofile depends upon the final properties required. The finer the individual segment-titre re~uired, the higher is the number of segment-components required per matrix-component.
The splitting-off of the texturized multicomponent yarns, especially the release of adhesive locations, may be carried out not only in structures such as staple fibres or endless yarns, but also in structures obtained by processing texturised multicomponent yarns into textile and technical structures.
Structures including knits, tricots and weaves may be produced particularly advantageously by using a texturized yarn which acquires, during texturising by heat-treatment, at least about 10, but if possible not more than 40 adhesive locations per metre o~ yarn.
There may also be cases in which a yarn, exhibiting only very few locations with still recognizable individual filaments, and strongly resembling a monofilament in its processing behaviour, is of special interest because of its sharply stnlctured surface. These are covered by the inven-tion, but are only a marginal objective.
Especially if the matrix-proportion of the yarn is in the lower range, that is about 15% by weight, the choice of a suitable setting temperature during texturising may have the result that only the segment-components can be made ; out in the finished yarn, whereas the matrix is torn and .
~ .
adheres to the seg~ent-component-fibres only in pieces of diferent sizes, the dimensions of some of them being below the resolving ability of a light-microscope. In such cases it may be definitely advantageous to release the matrix por-tion out of the structure, leaving only the very fine titre segment poritons for example with individual titres of about 0.1 to 0.3 dtex.
.
Yarns made of individual filaments of the multi-component matrix-segment type are described in Canadian Patent Application SN 322,710, Klaus Gerlach et al, filed March 2, 1979 and Canadian Patent Application S~ 320,168, Erich ~essler et al, filed January 24, 1979. These yarns consist of at least two different polymers with quite different shrinkage behavi.our whereby complete or partial separation of the components is obtained.
It has now been found that surprising effects may be obtained, under certain conditions, when imparting to.yarns of this type a false-twist texture, by appropriate selection of the polymers processed together and of the texturising conditions.
It is therefore the purpose of the invention to prepare a yarn from individual filaments of the multicomponent- ~ -matrix type which may easily be processed into sheets without twisting, sizing, or any other treatment for the purpose of closing the yarn, and in which the components constitut.ing the yarn in the fin:ished sheet show a very fine individual titre.
According to the invention there is provided a multifilament yarn consisting of individual filaments of the multicomponent matrix-se~ment type, which contains the individual filaments essentially as a matrix and at least three segment fibres split therefrom, the segment fibres being shrunk by at least l~/o with respect to the matrix, the individual ~Z6~5 components of the yarn having a false-twist crim~, the indivldual components being united, at least in part, ln the yarn assembly, at irregular intervals, by weld or adhesive locations at leastpartially covering the cross-section the yarn.
The individual components of the yarn may be united wholly or partially at the irregular intervals, by adhesive locations which completely or partially cover the cross-section of the yarn.
The matrix-component may,be made of a polyamide and the segment-component of polyalkylene-terephthalate. In one particularly suitable combination, the matrix-component is a caprolactam and the segment-compOnent is a polyethylene~
terephthalate.
Suitably the weight ratio of matrix-component to seyment-component i9 about 5 : 95 ~o 45 : 55, preferably about ~' 10 ~ 90 to 25 : 75. ~, A variety of multicomponent filaments are envisaged in the yarn of the invention. It is especially preferred to ~ ,';
employ a multicomponent filament which comprises a matrix-component and at least six segment-components. Suitably the segment-components have individual titres in a range of about 0.08 to about 2.0, preferably, about 0.1 to about 1.4 dtex.
The yarn suitably has a false-twist crimp of an intensity of about 1500 to 4500 twists/metre, with the number of weld or adhesive locations uniting more than two individual components averaging about 5 to 40 per metre.
In another aspect of the invention, khere is provided a method for producing a yarn of the invention in which a multifilament yarn made of individual filaments of the multi- -component matrix-segment type is subjected to a false-twist treatment in which the setting temperature used is at least that required for the component having the lowest metling temper-ature, and wherein the twist-density is selected, dependent upon the total titre of the multifilament yarn made of individual filaments of the matrix-segment type, between about 1500 and 4500 twists/metre.
In this case, it is preferable of the setting tempera-ture to be between about 180 and about 2~0C, more particularly between about 190 and about 230C.
It has been found advantageous for the twist-density in the fixing section to be such that it corresponds to the normal twist-density ùsed in texturizing a normal multifilament polyethylene-terephthalate yarn of approximately the same titre.
Within the meaning of the invention, the term yarns includes, in addition to endless, multifilament linear material made of endless or staple fibres, structures such as weaves, knits, tricots and fleeces.
In another aspect of,the invention there is provided a textile structure, for example a knitt~d, tricot or woven textile structure composed of yarns of the invention, and a method for its preparation~
It is advantageous for the multifilament ~arn con-sisting of individual filaments of the multi-component matrix-segment type of the invention to be subjected, at a setting temperature of between about 190 and 240C, to a false-twist treatment, which produces between about 10 and 40 adhesive locations per metre, and thereafter to be processed into a textile structure; this structure is then subjected, in an organic solvent which reduces the zero shrinkage temperature of the segment-component by at least 160C, to a simultaneous shrinking and full,ng treatment. ~he fulling treatment is highly intensive, in order to prevent a subsequent change in .
~ ~ :
.Q5 feel during use.
In the reduction oE the zero shrinkage temperature suitably about 50 to 8~/o of the uniting locations are released.
The false twist process preferred is the stretch-texturizing process, the stretch-ratio being selected, in known fashion, having regard to the end-product desired~
Methylene chloride, 1,1,2,2-tetrachlorethane, 1,1,2-trichlorethane and chloroform have been found particularly effective as organic solvents.
Shrinkable, within the meaning of the invention, ~ :
signifies that the segment-component fibres may be shrunk, for ~ .
example, by treatment with the solvents used in accordance ;~ :
with the invention, :
It is significant that the seyment-components shows substantial shrinkage in the solvents of the invention, it ~ :~
is desirable for this shrinkage to amount to at least 10%, preferably at least 15%. Persons skilled in the art will ~e familiar with ways of determining the shrinkage behaviour.
It is important for the matrix and segment-components to display different shrinkage behaviour in the solvent; for example, the segments-component may suitably shrink, whereas the matrix-component does not. Or the amount of shrinkage may be different. It is essential, however, for the induction-time, that is the time until the shr:inkage becomes no-ticeable in the treatment medium, to be different. Suitably the shrinkage induction-time of the se~nent~components is as short as possible, preferably of the order oE seconds. 'rhe difference in shrinkage behaviour may also be manifested in that the shrink-age velocity of the peripheral segments of the yarn is greater than that o~ the matrix-~omponent. Information regarding the determination of the induction-time may be gathered from two publications by NoL~ LINDNER in the periodical "Colloid and ~:
o~
Polymer Sci.", 255, pages 213 et seq. and 433 et seq. (1977).
It is also the purpose of the invention to produce knitted, tricot or woven material having special feel and wear properties.
This is achieved by processing wholly or partly false-twist texturized multifilament yarn of the invention into a knitted, tricot or woven textile structure. The object of the invention is therefore textile structure obtained in this way.
In one embodiment of the invention a multifilament yarn consisting of individual filaments of the multi-component matrix-segment type were subjected, at a setting temperature `
of between about 190 to 240C, to a false-twist treatment producing about 10 to 40 weld or adhesive locations per metre.
After being processed into a textile material, they were subjected, in an organic solvent which reduced the zero-.
shrinkage temperature of the segment-component by at least .
100C, to a simultaneous shrinking and fulling treatment. The fulling treatment was highly intensive, in order to prevent any subsequent change in feel during use. The yarns in the finished, after-treated material showed a reduction of between about 50 and ~0% in weld locations.
It is particularly advantageous to stretch--texturize the yarns used for ~he material of the inventionj the stretch-ratio being selected, in a manner known per se, ln adaptatlon to the desired end-product.
A suitable setting temperature thus makes it possible to obtain a wide range of different degrees of feel in the material. In this connection, the fulling treatment, carried out simultaneously with the solvent treatment, is particularly signlficant. This fulling treatment must be so thorough that :: :
~2~
it is impossibl~ for the feel of the material to change any further during use, or during wear, as a result of the release of further weld-locations or any separation between the matrix-and segment-components.
The splitting-off of the texturized multicomponent yarns, especially the release of weld locations, is best carried out after the yarns have been processed, according to the invention, into textile and technical or industrial structures.
It is of particular advantage to produce structures including knits, tricots and weaves, using a texturized yarn o~ the invention which, upon being-texturized by heat treatment, acquires at least about 10, but if possi~le not more than 40, weld locations per metre of yarn length.
Yarns of the matrix-segment type, upon which the in~ention is ~ased, are made from polymers which are not miscible with each other, do not react chemically with each other and, when mixed with each other in the melt or placed side by side, and spun into a multicomponent yarn, display a distinct phase boundary under given conditions. Preferred e~amples of such incompatible polymers are polyamides and polyesters, special preference being given, within the scope of the invention, to polyesters based upon terephthalic acid.
These polymers also fail to show, in the melt, at least within specific times, an~ rloticeable chemical reaction with each other.
Thus no, or scarcely any, mixed polymers are formed which would cause the two phaes to adhere together more firmly. It is to be understood that exchange reactions, which may o~cur between polyesters and ~olyamides in the melt over longer periods of time, as described for example in Doklady Akademii Nauk USSR
1962, Vol. 147, ~o. 6, pages 13, 165 to ~, are disregarded~
~126~ 5 Multicomponent yarns, having a matrix and a plurality of components axranged in segments, are to be understood to mean yarns in which the individual segments and the matrix are arranged continuously along the axis of the yarn, so that the cross section of the yarn is substantially the same along its length. Examples of suitable yarn cross sections for the invention are illustrated in Figures 1 to 7, of the drawings the matrix being marked a and the segments b.
Organic solvents, within the meaning of the invention, are chemical substances which,can physically dissolve other substances. It is unnecessary and, as a rule, even undesirable '~
for the solvent to dissolve one or all of the polymers con-stituting the multicomponent yarns. In exceptional cases, however, it is appropriate to dissolve the matrix-component, ~' ' for example, wholly or partly out after processing into a~material. , The solvent should allow the segment-component fibres to shrink sharply, bu~ the matrix only slightly or not at all.
The zero shrinkage temperature may be determlned by a method described, for example, in Lenzinger Berîchte, May 1976, sequence 40, pages 22 to 29. This deals with dynamic shrinkage curves for yarns in the solvent under consideration for treating the multicomponent yarns. Extrapolation of the linear portion of the dynamic shrinkage curve gives the æero shrinkage temperature as the intersectlon with the abscissa.
It has been found, that the above-mentioned solvents, in particular, methylene chloride, l,1,2,2-tetrachlorethane, 1,1,2-trichlorethane and chloroEorm, reduce the zero shrinkage temperature of the segment-component adequately and produce an unexpectedly satisfactory splitting~off of the multi~
component yarns.
Multicomponent yarns, used as starting materials in ~ -the method of the invention may be produced in various ways by spinning suitable polymers by the melt-spin process using appropriate nozzles or spinning means, and by stretching in the normal manner. Such multicomponent yarns may be produced particularly advantageously by the method and device described in the afor mentioned Canadian Patent Application SN 322,710.
The choice of the proportions, by weight of the matrix- and segment-components is a significant factor. Parti-cularly in the case of yarns having a content by weight of matrix-component of about 10 to 25% it has been found that dissolving the weld locations is considerably facilitated, if a setting temperature of about 225 to 230C, or 235C at the most, is not exceeded.
Decisive factors in the structure of the finished yarn of the invention are, in general, the distribution of the matrix- and segment-components, the degree of twist applied, and the setting temperature. It has been found, in particular that if the effect of the invention is to be achieved at all, the temperature used for thermosetting must correspond at least to that re~uired for the yarn component having the lowest melting point, that is the yarn component constituting the matrix.
The more this temperature is exceeded, the larger the number of weld locations, not only those present after the texturi3ing process, but also those which can no longer be released by, for example, dissolving.
Suitable selection of the setting temperature thus makes it possible to achieve in the matsrial a wide range of different deyrees of feel. In this connection, the fulling treatment applied simultaneously with the solvent treatment is of special signi~icance. The fulling treatment must be so thorough that the feel of the material during wear or use does not change as the result of the release of additional weld or adhesive locations, or of further separation between the matrix- and segment-components.
The choice of the matrixprofile depends upon the final properties required. The finer the individual segment-titre re~uired, the higher is the number of segment-components required per matrix-component.
The splitting-off of the texturized multicomponent yarns, especially the release of adhesive locations, may be carried out not only in structures such as staple fibres or endless yarns, but also in structures obtained by processing texturised multicomponent yarns into textile and technical structures.
Structures including knits, tricots and weaves may be produced particularly advantageously by using a texturized yarn which acquires, during texturising by heat-treatment, at least about 10, but if possible not more than 40 adhesive locations per metre o~ yarn.
There may also be cases in which a yarn, exhibiting only very few locations with still recognizable individual filaments, and strongly resembling a monofilament in its processing behaviour, is of special interest because of its sharply stnlctured surface. These are covered by the inven-tion, but are only a marginal objective.
Especially if the matrix-proportion of the yarn is in the lower range, that is about 15% by weight, the choice of a suitable setting temperature during texturising may have the result that only the segment-components can be made ; out in the finished yarn, whereas the matrix is torn and .
~ .
adheres to the seg~ent-component-fibres only in pieces of diferent sizes, the dimensions of some of them being below the resolving ability of a light-microscope. In such cases it may be definitely advantageous to release the matrix por-tion out of the structure, leaving only the very fine titre segment poritons for example with individual titres of about 0.1 to 0.3 dtex.
.
Claims
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:-1. A multifilament yarn consisting of individual fila-ments of the multicomponent matrix-segment type, including a matrix-component and a segment-component, the individual filaments comprising a matrix and at least three segment fibres split therefrom, the segment fibres being shrunk by at least 10% in relation to the matrix-component, the individual filaments of the yarn having a false-twist crimp, and indivi-dual components of the yarn being joined together, at least partly, in the yarn, at irregular intervals, at locations at least partially covering the cross-section of the yarn.
2. A yarn according to claim 1, wherein the matrix-component is a polyamide and the segment-component is a poly-alkylene terephthalate.
3. A yarn according to claim 1, wherein the matrix-component is a polycaprolactam and the segment-component is a polyethylene-terephthalate.
4. A yarn according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the weight ratio of the matrix-component to the segment-component is about 5 : 95 to 45 : 55.
5. A yarn according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the weight ratio of the matrix-component to the segment-component is about 10 : 90 to 25 : 75.
6. A yarn according to claim 1, wherein at least six segment-component fibres are associated with each matrix-com-ponent.
7. A yarn according to claim 1, 3 or 6, wherein the segment-component fibres have individual titres in a range of about 0.08 to about 2.0 dtex.
8. A yarn according to claim 1, 3 or 6, wherein the segment-component fibres have individual titres of about 0.1 to about 1.4 dtex.
9. A yarn according to claim 1, 3 or 6 having a false-twist crimp in the range of about 1500 to 4500 twists/metre.
10. A yarn according to claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein the number of locations uniting more than two individual com-ponents averages about 5 to about 40 per metre.
11. A yarn according to claim 1, wherein of 10 to 40 uniting locations per-metre in the yarn, about 50 to 80% are released to reduce the zero shrinkage temperature of the segment-component by at least 160°C.
12. A yarn according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein individual components of the yarn are wholly joined together at said irregular intervals, said locations completely covering the yarn cross-section.
13. A yarn according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein individual components of the yarn are partially joined together at said irregular intervals, said locations partially covering the yarn cross-section.
14. A yarn according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein at least six segment-component fibres are associated with each matrixcomponent, the segment-component fibres having individual titres of about 0.1 to about 1.4 dtex; said yarn having a false-twist crimp in the range of 1500 to 4500 twist/metre, there being an average of about 5 to about 40 of said locations per metre.
15. A textile structure, comprising at least partly false-twist texturized multifilament yarns consisting of individual filaments of the multicomponent matrix-segment type including a matrix-component and a segment component, the individual filaments comprising a matrix-component and a segment-component comprising at least three segment fibres split from said matrix-component, the segment fibres being shrunk by at least 10% in relation to the matrix-component, individual components of the yarns being joined together at least partly, at irregular intervals, at locations which pass at least partly through the individual yarn cross-sections.
15. A structure according to claim 15, wherein there are at least 10 of said locations per metre of length in each yarn.
17. A structure according to claim 15, wherein there are up to 40 of said locations per metre of length in each yarn.
18. A method for producing a multifilament yarn comprising subjecting a multifilament yarn, consisting of individual filaments of the multicomponent matrix-segment type, including a matrix-component and a segment component to a false-twist treatment at a setting temperature, which is at least that reuqired for the component having the lowest melt-ing temperature, to produce a twist-density, selected, as a function of the total titre of the multifilament yarn, of from about 1500 to about 4500 twists/metre, having individual filaments comprising a matrix and at least three segment fibres split therefrom, the segment fibres being shrunk by at least 10% in relation to the matrix component, and wherein indivi-dual components of the yarn are joined together at least partly, at irregular intervals at locations at least partially covering the yarn cross-section.
19. A method according to claim 18, wherein the setting temperature is within the range of about 180 to about 240°C.
20. A method according to claim 18, wherein the setting temperature is within the range of about 190 to about 230°C.
21. A method according to claim 18, 19 or 20, wherein the twist-density corresponds approximately to the twist-density used in texturising a normal multifilament polyethylene terephthalate yarn of about the same titre.
22. A method according to claim 18, which comprises subjecting said multifilament yarn to said false-twist treat-ment at a setting temperature of about 180 to 240°C, after which it has about 10 to 40 joining locations per metre, and processing said yarn into a textile structure, subjecting said textile structure to a shrinking and fulling treatment, in an organic solvent to reduce the zero shrinkage temperature of the segment-fibres, by at least 160°C.
23. A method according to claim 22, wherein said solvent is methylene chloride.
24. A method according to claim 22, wherein said solvent is l,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane.
25. A method according to claim 22, wherein said solvent is 1, 1, 2-chloroethane.
26. A method according to claim 22, wherein said solvent is chloroform.
27. A method according to claim 18, 19 or 20, wherein said false-twist treatment comprises a stretch-texturizing process in which the stretch ratio is selected, in adaptation to the desired end-product.
2. A yarn according to claim 1, wherein the matrix-component is a polyamide and the segment-component is a poly-alkylene terephthalate.
3. A yarn according to claim 1, wherein the matrix-component is a polycaprolactam and the segment-component is a polyethylene-terephthalate.
4. A yarn according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the weight ratio of the matrix-component to the segment-component is about 5 : 95 to 45 : 55.
5. A yarn according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the weight ratio of the matrix-component to the segment-component is about 10 : 90 to 25 : 75.
6. A yarn according to claim 1, wherein at least six segment-component fibres are associated with each matrix-com-ponent.
7. A yarn according to claim 1, 3 or 6, wherein the segment-component fibres have individual titres in a range of about 0.08 to about 2.0 dtex.
8. A yarn according to claim 1, 3 or 6, wherein the segment-component fibres have individual titres of about 0.1 to about 1.4 dtex.
9. A yarn according to claim 1, 3 or 6 having a false-twist crimp in the range of about 1500 to 4500 twists/metre.
10. A yarn according to claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein the number of locations uniting more than two individual com-ponents averages about 5 to about 40 per metre.
11. A yarn according to claim 1, wherein of 10 to 40 uniting locations per-metre in the yarn, about 50 to 80% are released to reduce the zero shrinkage temperature of the segment-component by at least 160°C.
12. A yarn according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein individual components of the yarn are wholly joined together at said irregular intervals, said locations completely covering the yarn cross-section.
13. A yarn according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein individual components of the yarn are partially joined together at said irregular intervals, said locations partially covering the yarn cross-section.
14. A yarn according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein at least six segment-component fibres are associated with each matrixcomponent, the segment-component fibres having individual titres of about 0.1 to about 1.4 dtex; said yarn having a false-twist crimp in the range of 1500 to 4500 twist/metre, there being an average of about 5 to about 40 of said locations per metre.
15. A textile structure, comprising at least partly false-twist texturized multifilament yarns consisting of individual filaments of the multicomponent matrix-segment type including a matrix-component and a segment component, the individual filaments comprising a matrix-component and a segment-component comprising at least three segment fibres split from said matrix-component, the segment fibres being shrunk by at least 10% in relation to the matrix-component, individual components of the yarns being joined together at least partly, at irregular intervals, at locations which pass at least partly through the individual yarn cross-sections.
15. A structure according to claim 15, wherein there are at least 10 of said locations per metre of length in each yarn.
17. A structure according to claim 15, wherein there are up to 40 of said locations per metre of length in each yarn.
18. A method for producing a multifilament yarn comprising subjecting a multifilament yarn, consisting of individual filaments of the multicomponent matrix-segment type, including a matrix-component and a segment component to a false-twist treatment at a setting temperature, which is at least that reuqired for the component having the lowest melt-ing temperature, to produce a twist-density, selected, as a function of the total titre of the multifilament yarn, of from about 1500 to about 4500 twists/metre, having individual filaments comprising a matrix and at least three segment fibres split therefrom, the segment fibres being shrunk by at least 10% in relation to the matrix component, and wherein indivi-dual components of the yarn are joined together at least partly, at irregular intervals at locations at least partially covering the yarn cross-section.
19. A method according to claim 18, wherein the setting temperature is within the range of about 180 to about 240°C.
20. A method according to claim 18, wherein the setting temperature is within the range of about 190 to about 230°C.
21. A method according to claim 18, 19 or 20, wherein the twist-density corresponds approximately to the twist-density used in texturising a normal multifilament polyethylene terephthalate yarn of about the same titre.
22. A method according to claim 18, which comprises subjecting said multifilament yarn to said false-twist treat-ment at a setting temperature of about 180 to 240°C, after which it has about 10 to 40 joining locations per metre, and processing said yarn into a textile structure, subjecting said textile structure to a shrinking and fulling treatment, in an organic solvent to reduce the zero shrinkage temperature of the segment-fibres, by at least 160°C.
23. A method according to claim 22, wherein said solvent is methylene chloride.
24. A method according to claim 22, wherein said solvent is l,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane.
25. A method according to claim 22, wherein said solvent is 1, 1, 2-chloroethane.
26. A method according to claim 22, wherein said solvent is chloroform.
27. A method according to claim 18, 19 or 20, wherein said false-twist treatment comprises a stretch-texturizing process in which the stretch ratio is selected, in adaptation to the desired end-product.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP2908101.4 | 1979-03-02 | ||
| DE19792908101 DE2908101A1 (en) | 1979-03-02 | 1979-03-02 | MULTIFILER THREAD MADE OF SINGLE FILAMENTS OF THE MULTI-COMPONENT MATRIX SEGMENT TYPE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1126105A true CA1126105A (en) | 1982-06-22 |
Family
ID=6064253
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA346,709A Expired CA1126105A (en) | 1979-03-02 | 1980-02-29 | Multifilament yarn comprising single filaments of the multicomponent matrix-segment type |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS55148230A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT383158B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU532716B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE881997A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1126105A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH642510B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2908101A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES489098A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2450297A1 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB2043731A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1143074B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8001195A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3035862C2 (en) * | 1980-09-23 | 1986-04-17 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | Filament yarns made from multi-component fibers and their use in textile fabrics |
| DE3046228A1 (en) * | 1980-12-08 | 1982-07-22 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | COLOR RIBBON |
| DE3212805A1 (en) * | 1982-04-06 | 1983-12-15 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | ABRASIVE MATERIAL WITH A WOVEN SUPPORT MATERIAL |
| JP2732760B2 (en) * | 1991-10-23 | 1998-03-30 | 金井重要工業株式会社 | Nonwoven fabric separator for battery and method for producing the same |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA955024A (en) * | 1969-11-15 | 1974-09-24 | Masao Matsui | Synthetic fibers and methods for producing the same |
| JPS4887119A (en) * | 1972-02-24 | 1973-11-16 | ||
| JPS5335633B2 (en) * | 1973-04-21 | 1978-09-28 | ||
| JPS581221B2 (en) * | 1974-12-12 | 1983-01-10 | 帝人株式会社 | Shikagawa henshiyokubutsuno |
| JPS5927407B2 (en) * | 1976-10-06 | 1984-07-05 | 東レ株式会社 | Manufacturing method of temporary twisted yarn |
| JPS6039776B2 (en) * | 1977-03-17 | 1985-09-07 | 帝人株式会社 | Suede-like brushed fabric and its manufacturing method |
| JPS53139849A (en) * | 1977-05-10 | 1978-12-06 | Toray Industries | Falseetwisted yarn and method of manufacture thereof |
| DE2803136C2 (en) * | 1978-01-25 | 1984-04-05 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | Method and device for the production of a multicomponent thread consisting of at least two synthetic polymer components |
| DE2809346C2 (en) * | 1978-03-03 | 1985-04-18 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | Process for the production of fiber structures |
-
1979
- 1979-03-02 DE DE19792908101 patent/DE2908101A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1980
- 1980-02-27 CH CH155380A patent/CH642510B/en unknown
- 1980-02-28 AT AT0112080A patent/AT383158B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-02-28 NL NL8001195A patent/NL8001195A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-02-29 AU AU56015/80A patent/AU532716B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1980-02-29 ES ES489098A patent/ES489098A1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-02-29 CA CA346,709A patent/CA1126105A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-02-29 BE BE0/199604A patent/BE881997A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-02-29 IT IT48042/80A patent/IT1143074B/en active
- 1980-02-29 FR FR8004627A patent/FR2450297A1/en active Granted
- 1980-03-03 GB GB8007193A patent/GB2043731A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-03-03 JP JP2534280A patent/JPS55148230A/en active Pending
-
1982
- 1982-06-02 GB GB08216058A patent/GB2122227B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU532716B2 (en) | 1983-10-13 |
| BE881997A (en) | 1980-06-16 |
| CH642510GA3 (en) | 1984-04-30 |
| IT1143074B (en) | 1986-10-22 |
| GB2122227A (en) | 1984-01-11 |
| GB2122227B (en) | 1984-05-23 |
| ES489098A1 (en) | 1980-09-16 |
| ATA112080A (en) | 1986-10-15 |
| DE2908101A1 (en) | 1980-09-11 |
| NL8001195A (en) | 1980-09-04 |
| AT383158B (en) | 1987-05-25 |
| GB2043731A (en) | 1980-10-08 |
| AU5601580A (en) | 1980-09-04 |
| IT8048042A0 (en) | 1980-02-29 |
| FR2450297A1 (en) | 1980-09-26 |
| JPS55148230A (en) | 1980-11-18 |
| FR2450297B1 (en) | 1983-06-24 |
| CH642510B (en) |
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