CA1125948A - Formulations and process for effecting stoppage of leaks of liquid from tanks, pipes and the like - Google Patents
Formulations and process for effecting stoppage of leaks of liquid from tanks, pipes and the likeInfo
- Publication number
- CA1125948A CA1125948A CA306,052A CA306052A CA1125948A CA 1125948 A CA1125948 A CA 1125948A CA 306052 A CA306052 A CA 306052A CA 1125948 A CA1125948 A CA 1125948A
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- Prior art keywords
- formulation
- putty
- compositions
- liquids
- resin base
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/12—Materials for stopping leaks, e.g. in radiators, in tanks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
- C08L91/06—Waxes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/34—Filling pastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J163/00—Adhesives based on epoxy resins; Adhesives based on derivatives of epoxy resins
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
- Protection Of Pipes Against Damage, Friction, And Corrosion (AREA)
- Sealing Devices (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure Formulations, and process, particularly for temporarily, but effectively, stopping leaks in tanks or pipes and the like through which liquids such as gasoline, oil, water or similar liquids are running or flowing, at low pressures, until a permanent repair of the leak or crevice through which said liquid is seeping can later be made. The formulations are in the form of two separate compositions, each of which is of generally putty consistency, which are blended together just prior to use to form a product having a putty or putty-like con-sistency which is pressed into the area through which leakage of the liquids is occurring. The formulations, when blended together or admixed for use, contain one or more epoxy resins, one or more epoxy curing agents, one or more waxes or waxy materials, and, advantageously, one or more fillers, with or without minor proportions of one or more supplemental ingredients.
Description
25~
~; ' ' ~ y invention is directed to novel fvrmulations and ¦I to a process involving -the utilization thereof for highly ef-fective~y enablin~, particularly, the temporary repair of leaks, for instance, around rivets or the like, in tanks or plpes or the like through which liquids, such as gasoline, kerosene, oils, , water, and other oleaginous or aqueous liquids, prior to ~he ' l I ,
~; ' ' ~ y invention is directed to novel fvrmulations and ¦I to a process involving -the utilization thereof for highly ef-fective~y enablin~, particularly, the temporary repair of leaks, for instance, around rivets or the like, in tanks or plpes or the like through which liquids, such as gasoline, kerosene, oils, , water, and other oleaginous or aqueous liquids, prior to ~he ' l I ,
-2 application and hardening oE the formulations of this invention, are running or flowing under low pressure, generally of the order of about 5 to about 10 pounds per square inch. One particular, but simply illustrative, field of usage of the formulations of m~ present invention is for stopping, temporarily, the leaking or seepage of fuels such as gasoline and, particularly diesel fuels, from the wing tanks of aircraft in those instances where leakage or seepage has occurred due to a leak, such as around a rivet, or the like, in the wing tank. Theformulations of my invention are highly effective to stop such leakage or seepage while the liquid is running or flowing through the wing tanks and such stoppage continues or at least about 4 or 5 to 10 hours or more, until *ime pe~rmits o~ later making a permanent repair of the crack or the like responsible for the leakage or seepage.
Of course, after curing of the compositions, the repaired leak is capable o withstanding very much higher pressures of liquids~.
Compositions for the foregoing purposes have ~
heretofore been known to the art and have been comm~ercially used.
All o them, however/ so far as I am aware, have been characterize d by one or more deficiencies among which have been, for instance, difficulty to work with or handle, inadequacy of the sealing and/
or the length oftime that the temporary seal would last, and e~fecting yood seals especially quickly on oily sur~aces. Such prior art compositions of which I am aware which have been used or the aforesaid purpose have been sinyle compositions in stick orm, such as are disclosed in U.5. Patent No. 2,623,830, which compositions utilize a wax or waxy material and a drying oil, such as tung oil, which upon oxidation by air, forms a sealant film, and which provide reasonably satisfactory results; or have been putty compositions which, in use, were found not to be satisfactor,y.
~ ~lZS948
Of course, after curing of the compositions, the repaired leak is capable o withstanding very much higher pressures of liquids~.
Compositions for the foregoing purposes have ~
heretofore been known to the art and have been comm~ercially used.
All o them, however/ so far as I am aware, have been characterize d by one or more deficiencies among which have been, for instance, difficulty to work with or handle, inadequacy of the sealing and/
or the length oftime that the temporary seal would last, and e~fecting yood seals especially quickly on oily sur~aces. Such prior art compositions of which I am aware which have been used or the aforesaid purpose have been sinyle compositions in stick orm, such as are disclosed in U.5. Patent No. 2,623,830, which compositions utilize a wax or waxy material and a drying oil, such as tung oil, which upon oxidation by air, forms a sealant film, and which provide reasonably satisfactory results; or have been putty compositions which, in use, were found not to be satisfactor,y.
~ ~lZS948
-3 The formulations utilized in accordance with my present invention overcome the deficiencies of the prior art compositions of which I am aware and have gone into commercial usa~e, re-placing such prior art compositions. The formulations of my invention, when prepared for use, have an initial putty-like consistency, and contain epoxy resin based compositions which include epoxy resins, curing agents for said resins, waxes or waxy materials and, in their particularly advantageous emobodi-ments, fillers, with or without minor proportions of supplementàl ingredients, all as is hereafter disclosed in detail.
The formulations of the present invention, as noted above, comprise two separate cooperating compositions each of which is in the form of putty or putty-like consistency. One of said compositions, which, for convenience, may be called the A composition, is made from an epoxy resin which is normally li~uid, that is liquid at ambient or substantially ambient temperatures, and/or (a) a pulverulent or finely divided inert or essentially inert solid filler, and (b) a waxy material which is solld at room or ambient or substantially ambient temperatures and which, most advantageously, is soluble in,or compatible with the normally liquid epoxy resin. The A comp-osition can contain small or minor proportions of various supplemental agents. Most desirably, the A composition contains both said filler and said wax or waxy material and, as stated above, said A composition is of putty or putty-like consistency.
The other of said compositions, which, for convenience, may be called the B composition, contains the curing agent or agents for the epoxy resin of the fixst compositon,and/or (a) a : . .
~llZ59~8 pulverulent or finely divided inert or essentially inert solid filler, and (b) a wax or waxy material which is solid at room or ambient or substantially ambient temperatures. Again, most desirable, the B composition contains both said ~iller and said wax or waxy material and, as stated above, said B composition is of putty or putty-like consistency.
The inert filler and the wax or waxy material which may be used in the composition B may be the same filler and the same wax or waxy material as utilized in the A composition, or it may be a different filler and a different wax or waxy material.
Supplemental materials may also be incorporatea into the B
composition.
Generally speaking, where fillers are not employed, which, as noted above, represents the distinctly less advan-tageous embodiments of the present invention, putty or putty-like A and B compositions can generally be obtained by increas-ing the proportions of wax or waxy materials over what would be utilized where the A and the B compositions contained both fillers and waxes or waxy materials.
It may also be pointed out that reasonably good results~
are also obtained where, ~or instance, the A composition contains¦
both the inert filler and the wax or waxy material, and the B
composition does not contain both the filler and the wax or waxy material, subject, however, to both the finished A and B
compositions having a putty or putty-like consistency.
The formulations of the present invention, as noted above, comprise two separate cooperating compositions each of which is in the form of putty or putty-like consistency. One of said compositions, which, for convenience, may be called the A composition, is made from an epoxy resin which is normally li~uid, that is liquid at ambient or substantially ambient temperatures, and/or (a) a pulverulent or finely divided inert or essentially inert solid filler, and (b) a waxy material which is solld at room or ambient or substantially ambient temperatures and which, most advantageously, is soluble in,or compatible with the normally liquid epoxy resin. The A comp-osition can contain small or minor proportions of various supplemental agents. Most desirably, the A composition contains both said filler and said wax or waxy material and, as stated above, said A composition is of putty or putty-like consistency.
The other of said compositions, which, for convenience, may be called the B composition, contains the curing agent or agents for the epoxy resin of the fixst compositon,and/or (a) a : . .
~llZ59~8 pulverulent or finely divided inert or essentially inert solid filler, and (b) a wax or waxy material which is solid at room or ambient or substantially ambient temperatures. Again, most desirable, the B composition contains both said ~iller and said wax or waxy material and, as stated above, said B composition is of putty or putty-like consistency.
The inert filler and the wax or waxy material which may be used in the composition B may be the same filler and the same wax or waxy material as utilized in the A composition, or it may be a different filler and a different wax or waxy material.
Supplemental materials may also be incorporatea into the B
composition.
Generally speaking, where fillers are not employed, which, as noted above, represents the distinctly less advan-tageous embodiments of the present invention, putty or putty-like A and B compositions can generally be obtained by increas-ing the proportions of wax or waxy materials over what would be utilized where the A and the B compositions contained both fillers and waxes or waxy materials.
It may also be pointed out that reasonably good results~
are also obtained where, ~or instance, the A composition contains¦
both the inert filler and the wax or waxy material, and the B
composition does not contain both the filler and the wax or waxy material, subject, however, to both the finished A and B
compositions having a putty or putty-like consistency.
4-l~ZS948 In one particular aspect the present lnverltion provides a formulation ~or stopping seepage or leaks in tanks and pipes through whlch liquids are flowing at low pressures or through whlch liqulds are adapted to flow, said formulation havlng an initial putty or putty-like consistency as prepared, and being prepared by admixing separate A and B compositions, as set forth below, each of which has a putty or putty-like consistency and comprises:
A. a normally liquid epoxide resin base and a compatible wax or waxy material;
B. a normally liquid curing agent for said normally liquid epoxide resin base of composition A, and a compatible wax or waxy material;
said compatible waxes or waxy materials being present in an amount in relation to and in cooperation with said epoxide resin base and said curing agent, when said A and B compositions are admixed in predetermined proportions and applied to a crevice through which said liquids are flowing or adapted to flow, to effect stoppage of said seepage shortly after such application and substantially prior to the curing of said epoxide resin base being completed, said amount of the wax or waxy material content of the A and B compositions constituting at least about 10%, by weight, of the total of the A and B compositions based upon the sum of the epoxide resin base, the curing agent and the waxes or waxy materials.
In another particular aspect the present invention provides a formulation having particular utility for stopping seepage or leaks in tanks and pipes througll which liquid6 are flowlng at low pressures or through whlcll liqulds are adapted to flow, said formulation havin~ ~ pu~ty or putty-like consistency as prepared, alld being prepared by admixing sepnrate A and B compositions, as set forth below, each of ~ 4n-~r .
112~g48 which has a putty or putty-like consistency:
A. a normally liquid epoxide resin base, a compa~ible wax or waxy material, and a substantially inert pulverulent filler;
B. a normally liquid curing agent for said normally Iiquid epoxide resin ~ase of composition ~, a compatible wax or waxy material, and a substantially inert pulverulent filler;
~r~ ~xes ~ said compatible ~ or waxy materialsbeing present in an amount in relation to and in cooperation with said epoxide resin base and said curing agent, when said A and B compositions are admixed in predetermined proportions and applied to a crevice through which said liquids are flowing or adapted to flow, to effect stoppage oP said seepage shortly after :such application and substantlally prior to the curing of said epoxide resin base being completed, said amount of the wax .
or waxy material content of the A and B compositions constituting at least about 10%, by weight, of the total of the A and B compositions based upon the sum of the epoxide ~ C5 h~ C 1 s, resin base, the curing agent and the ~ or waxy matcr-i~r~.
.
In a further particular aspect the present invention : provides a formulation having particular utility for temporarily stopping seepage or leaks in tanks and pipes through uhich liquids are flowing at low pressures or through which liquids are adapted to flow, said formulation having a putty or putty-like consi.stency as prepared, and being prepare.d by adm:Lxing separate A and ~ compositions as set forth below:
A. a putty or putty-like product lncl.uding a normal:ly . liquid epoxide resin base and a substantially inert filler;
B. a putty or putty-l:ike product including a normally 4b-''~3 3l~Z~9~
liquid curing agent for said normally liquid epoxide resin base of product A, and a substantially inert filler;
a compatible wax or waxy material being present in at least one of said A and B products, said compatible wax or waxy :
;~ material being present in an amount in relation to and in cooperation with said epoxide resin base and said curing agent, when said A and B compositions are admixed in pre-determined proportions and applied to a crevice through which said liquids are flowing or adapted to flowg to effect stoppage of said seepage shortly aEter such application and substantially prior to the curing of said epoxlde resln base being completed, said amount of the wax or waxy material :~
content of the A and B compositions constituting at least 10%, by weight, of the total of the A and B composltions based on the sum of the epoxide resin base, the curing agent and the wax or waxy material.
jl/ -4c-~ . ~
~lZ59~28 The liquid epoxy resins can be selected from among the large members o those which are well known to the art. It will, of course, be understood that optimum results are not obtained with all liquid epoxy resins. However, those which can be used are, as indicated above, liquids at room or normal or ambient temperatures and particularly desirable are those which are methylol modified bisphenol A type diglycidol ethers. Various of these are sold under the trademark "Apogenl~ (Schaefer Chemicals Inc., Riverton, N.J.) and especially desirable is that sold under the designation "Apogen" 102 which is characterized by fast curing properties at low temperatures, and which has a weight per epoxide of 195-210, a viscosity in CPS of 45,000-65,000 at 25C, and has a density of 1.14-1.18~at 25C. Since, as indicated above, many normally liquid epoxy resins which are curable by conventional curing agents to a hard or rigid mass are well known to the art and are commercial articles of commerce, no further or detailed description of them is necessary.
Any of the many known epoxy resin curing agents can be used, such being well known to the art, but it is especially desirable that they be oil-soluble or reasonably readily dispers-ible in oil. They include, among other compounds or types of compounds, cycloaliphatic amines, polyamides and amido-amines.
Very satisfactory for use in the practice of the present inven-tion are those sold under the trademar]c ANCAMIDE~(Pacific Anchor Chemical Corporation), and that sold under the designation ANCAMIDE 503. Various other illustrative curing agents are aliphatic polyamines such as DETA, and phenalkamine curing agents sold under the trademark CARDOLITE (Minnesota Mining & Manufactur-ing Co.) such as CAP~OLITE NC-540 and NC-541, or mixtures thereof.
~' I
~lZ59t~8 The ANCAMIDES and the CARDOLITES also enhance the property of the formulations, when applied to a metal surface through which oil is flowing and which has developed a leak, to adhere to the oily surfaces. In conjunction with the wax or waxy material, the adherence of the formulations to oily surfaces and the ability to effect a seal ~uickly and effectively prior to curing occurring represent important advantages of the optimal e~bodiments of the present invention.
The waxes or waxy materials which can be used can be selected from a large group which includes natural as well as syn-thetic waxes and waxy materials, among which are, by way of illustration, castor wax, "Paracin"~waxest such as "Paracin"~285 (National Lead Company), and synthetic waxes. Especially satis-factory are such synthetic waxes such as those sold under the trademark "Acrawax"~(Glyco Products Company, New York, N.Y.3.
These synthetic waxes are, in general, octadecenamides. The different Acrawaxes~have different melting points. Others of such Acrawaxes~have melting points in the range of about 137-139C.
The Acrawax~having a melting point in the range of about 94-97C
is particularly advantageously utilized. The waxes or waxy materials used should be soluble in or compatible in what would constitute a mixture of the liquid epoxy resin and the liquid curing agent ingredients of the A and B compositions which con-stitute the formulations of the present invention. Mixtures of two or more of said waxes or waxy materials can, of course, be employed.
' .
7 ~
~ I ~
The finely divided or pulverulent inert fillers, which advantageously have an average particle size in the range of about 5 to 100 microns, which can effectively be employed are ¦ .
many, amon which, by way of illustration, are talc, silica flour, j carbon black, graphite, zinc oxide, clays such as bentonite clays, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate, barium carbonate, titanium dioxide, and the like, or mixtures of two or more thereof Particularly satisfactory are talc and silica flours. Generally speakiny, it is preferred to employ fillers, such as silica flour and talc, of a particle size such tha~ about 99~ will pass through a 325 mesh screen. The particle size, however, as noted above, is~variable within appreciable limits. .:
~ Epoxy resin flexibilizers are desirably incorporate into the composltion, particularly into the A composition. These types of materials are well known to the art dealing with epoxy ~:
resins. Illustrative thereof are aliphatic triglycidyl ethers r such as di- and triglycidyl ethers of propylene glycol, and aliphatic difunctional epoxy resins. Particularly satisfactory ile~ibilizers for use in the present invention are those sold under the trademark CARDOLITE (Minnesota Mining h Manufacturing Co.), that sold under the designation CARDOLITE NC-513 being highly satisfactory.
The proportions of the inyredients in each of the A and B compositions are variable within apprec.iable lim.its subject to the proviso, as indicated above, that each of said compositions, prior to mixing or blending, has a putty or putty-like consistency, and, additionally, that the wax or waxy material ~:
be present in amounts suf:ficient, in the compositions as a whole,~
to form an effective seal to prevent stoppage of leakage of the liquids while flowing In general, the proportions of ingredients, , ~ ~ . ~ ~.7 ~ I
112~i948 ji I in terms of percentages by weight, and taking Example l, which follows below, as illustrative, and omitting the filler in said percentages, the particular filler and the particular percentage ¦thereof not being critical, the proportions will generally fall wi-thin the following approximate ranges:
A Epoxy Composition Example l Upper Limits Lower Limits ~r I Apogen 10266% 20% 75%
Cardolite NC-513 16% 5% 20%
Acrawax 18~ 75% 5 :
B. Curing Composition ¦ Exam~le l Upper I,imits Lower Limits ~ncamide 503 55% 25% g5%
Acrawax~ 45% 75% S%
. .
: As indicated above, supplemental agents can be included in certain cases to obtain special effects or an enhance-~ent of existent properties of the A and B compositions absent said upplemental agents. Thus, for instance, as noted above, le~ibilizers can be incorporated. Again, in certain cases !
small proportions of wetting agents, preferably those of the nonionic type, which are well known to the art, can be included in the A and/or B compositions, generally in amounts of the order ~f about 0.2 to about 1%, by weight of the compositions. They tend to aid in displacing oil or water, depending on their nature, adjacent the crevices or the like where liquid may be flow:ing at he time that the formulations are applied to effect the temporary toppage or sealing of said crevices or the like~
Il -g I
I The following examples are illustrative of ~ormula-¦ tions made in accordance with the presen-t invention. It will be understood -~hat many other formulations can readily be made by utilizing different liquid epoxy resins, different liquid epoxy l curing agents, different waxes, different fillers where fillers I are used, and different proportions of said ingredients, as well as the inclusion of supplemental ingredients. All parts listed are by weight. The A composition will, in general, be admixed with a lesser amount of the B composition, commonly of the order ; of 2 to 4 parts of the A composition to 1 part of the B composition, ilby weight, depending on the particular compositional nature of said compositlons. However, compositions-can readily be prepared liin which, when intermixed, the B composition will be used in I 7propor~ions greater than that of the A compositlon. The best embodime~ts of the invention know at the presenttime are reflected ¦ by said Examples, with Example 1 belng particularly preferrea.
~ I .
Example 1:
A Epoxy Composition Apogen 102 2Q
Cardoli~e~NC-513 5 ¦
Acrawax ~ 10 Titanium Dioxide 0.5 Silica Flour 69.5 B. Curing Composition Ancamide 503 23.25 Acrawax ~ 18.5 Talc 58.25 In making up the A and B compositions, it is especially advantageous initially to melt together (in the A composition) the first three ingredients and then mix said molten composition with the titanium _ 9 -I . I
~ , . -10 1 .
dioxide and the silica ~lour; and (in the B composition) to melt together ~he first two ingredients and mix said molten composition ¦ with the talc. Each of the A and B compositions, as stated, l is of putty or putty~like consistency.
I .
! Examp-e 2:
I .
A. Epoxy Composition Apogen 102 22 Cardolite~NC-513 6 Acrawax ~ 12 ~ :
Zinc Oxide 0.3 Talc 70 B. Curing Composition ¦
¦ Ancamide~ 00 24 ¦ : Acrawax ~ 8 ¦ ~ Talc 60 Example 3:
I A Epox~ Composition Epoxy 828 (Shell Oil 25 Company) Cardolite NC-513 6 Castor Wax 15 .
Titanium Dioxide 0.6 Calcium Carbonate 70 B. Curin~ Composition Ancamide 503 28 Acrawax ~ 20 Talc 52 8 I ~
Each of compositions A and B, as stated, is of putty or pu-tty-like consistency and it is desirable and convenient to form them into small flat disks about 1/4 to 3/8 inches in thickness, or spheres or various other shapes or the compositions can be placed in suitable individual containers from which desired ¦quantities of each may be removed for admixture and blending generally as described below. The A and B compositions are also advantageously made so as to have readily distinguished colors to delineate the A and B compositions and in units representing the weight ratios of the A and B compositions which are to be blende~ together for use so that, for instance, when made in the form of disks, one disk of composition A may be blended with one disk of composition B. In use, one disk of composition A con~
taining, for instance, 11 parts by weight, and one disk of composi-tion B containing, for instance, 4 parts by weight, are conveniently rolled together between the palms of the hands of an individual to effect a preliminary blending of the two disks. The final blend-iny or mixing may then be effected between the thumbs and fore-fingers, with occasional rolling between the palms of the hands.
When mixing and blending are completed to form a substantially homogeneous composition, the putty or putty-like formulation, whic h is slightly warm to the touch, is pressed with the fingers or with a spatula or the like into the leaking area or areas, or instance, in the leaking area or areas of the wing tank of an airplane through which gasoline, kerosene or diesel oil is flowing at low pressure and which is wet with oil. The formulatio n is pressed firmly into all crevices or, if the leak is aroung rivets, in the rivet area or areas, and, shortly -thereafter, formsj a temporary seal. Subsequen-tly, after several hours, commonly about 4 -to 5 hours, the formulation sets up to a hard or rlgid resinous mass which 3erves as o ~ven stronge temporary -12 I .
i !
seal effective for ~any hours un-til time per~its of a permanent repair of t'ne crevices or the like to be made While the invention ., is especially valua~le for ~he temporary stoppage of leaks in ., tanXs, pipes and the like -through which oil or oleaginous liquids .
,' are flowing, it is also useful as a more permanent leaXage stopper~
1 in systems where the flowins liquids are ~7ater or queous liquids.l, ,, 'i -''li i .
,1 ., ., ' . ~ ~
A. a normally liquid epoxide resin base and a compatible wax or waxy material;
B. a normally liquid curing agent for said normally liquid epoxide resin base of composition A, and a compatible wax or waxy material;
said compatible waxes or waxy materials being present in an amount in relation to and in cooperation with said epoxide resin base and said curing agent, when said A and B compositions are admixed in predetermined proportions and applied to a crevice through which said liquids are flowing or adapted to flow, to effect stoppage of said seepage shortly after such application and substantially prior to the curing of said epoxide resin base being completed, said amount of the wax or waxy material content of the A and B compositions constituting at least about 10%, by weight, of the total of the A and B compositions based upon the sum of the epoxide resin base, the curing agent and the waxes or waxy materials.
In another particular aspect the present invention provides a formulation having particular utility for stopping seepage or leaks in tanks and pipes througll which liquid6 are flowlng at low pressures or through whlcll liqulds are adapted to flow, said formulation havin~ ~ pu~ty or putty-like consistency as prepared, alld being prepared by admixing sepnrate A and B compositions, as set forth below, each of ~ 4n-~r .
112~g48 which has a putty or putty-like consistency:
A. a normally liquid epoxide resin base, a compa~ible wax or waxy material, and a substantially inert pulverulent filler;
B. a normally liquid curing agent for said normally Iiquid epoxide resin ~ase of composition ~, a compatible wax or waxy material, and a substantially inert pulverulent filler;
~r~ ~xes ~ said compatible ~ or waxy materialsbeing present in an amount in relation to and in cooperation with said epoxide resin base and said curing agent, when said A and B compositions are admixed in predetermined proportions and applied to a crevice through which said liquids are flowing or adapted to flow, to effect stoppage oP said seepage shortly after :such application and substantlally prior to the curing of said epoxide resin base being completed, said amount of the wax .
or waxy material content of the A and B compositions constituting at least about 10%, by weight, of the total of the A and B compositions based upon the sum of the epoxide ~ C5 h~ C 1 s, resin base, the curing agent and the ~ or waxy matcr-i~r~.
.
In a further particular aspect the present invention : provides a formulation having particular utility for temporarily stopping seepage or leaks in tanks and pipes through uhich liquids are flowing at low pressures or through which liquids are adapted to flow, said formulation having a putty or putty-like consi.stency as prepared, and being prepare.d by adm:Lxing separate A and ~ compositions as set forth below:
A. a putty or putty-like product lncl.uding a normal:ly . liquid epoxide resin base and a substantially inert filler;
B. a putty or putty-l:ike product including a normally 4b-''~3 3l~Z~9~
liquid curing agent for said normally liquid epoxide resin base of product A, and a substantially inert filler;
a compatible wax or waxy material being present in at least one of said A and B products, said compatible wax or waxy :
;~ material being present in an amount in relation to and in cooperation with said epoxide resin base and said curing agent, when said A and B compositions are admixed in pre-determined proportions and applied to a crevice through which said liquids are flowing or adapted to flowg to effect stoppage of said seepage shortly aEter such application and substantially prior to the curing of said epoxlde resln base being completed, said amount of the wax or waxy material :~
content of the A and B compositions constituting at least 10%, by weight, of the total of the A and B composltions based on the sum of the epoxide resin base, the curing agent and the wax or waxy material.
jl/ -4c-~ . ~
~lZ59~28 The liquid epoxy resins can be selected from among the large members o those which are well known to the art. It will, of course, be understood that optimum results are not obtained with all liquid epoxy resins. However, those which can be used are, as indicated above, liquids at room or normal or ambient temperatures and particularly desirable are those which are methylol modified bisphenol A type diglycidol ethers. Various of these are sold under the trademark "Apogenl~ (Schaefer Chemicals Inc., Riverton, N.J.) and especially desirable is that sold under the designation "Apogen" 102 which is characterized by fast curing properties at low temperatures, and which has a weight per epoxide of 195-210, a viscosity in CPS of 45,000-65,000 at 25C, and has a density of 1.14-1.18~at 25C. Since, as indicated above, many normally liquid epoxy resins which are curable by conventional curing agents to a hard or rigid mass are well known to the art and are commercial articles of commerce, no further or detailed description of them is necessary.
Any of the many known epoxy resin curing agents can be used, such being well known to the art, but it is especially desirable that they be oil-soluble or reasonably readily dispers-ible in oil. They include, among other compounds or types of compounds, cycloaliphatic amines, polyamides and amido-amines.
Very satisfactory for use in the practice of the present inven-tion are those sold under the trademar]c ANCAMIDE~(Pacific Anchor Chemical Corporation), and that sold under the designation ANCAMIDE 503. Various other illustrative curing agents are aliphatic polyamines such as DETA, and phenalkamine curing agents sold under the trademark CARDOLITE (Minnesota Mining & Manufactur-ing Co.) such as CAP~OLITE NC-540 and NC-541, or mixtures thereof.
~' I
~lZ59t~8 The ANCAMIDES and the CARDOLITES also enhance the property of the formulations, when applied to a metal surface through which oil is flowing and which has developed a leak, to adhere to the oily surfaces. In conjunction with the wax or waxy material, the adherence of the formulations to oily surfaces and the ability to effect a seal ~uickly and effectively prior to curing occurring represent important advantages of the optimal e~bodiments of the present invention.
The waxes or waxy materials which can be used can be selected from a large group which includes natural as well as syn-thetic waxes and waxy materials, among which are, by way of illustration, castor wax, "Paracin"~waxest such as "Paracin"~285 (National Lead Company), and synthetic waxes. Especially satis-factory are such synthetic waxes such as those sold under the trademark "Acrawax"~(Glyco Products Company, New York, N.Y.3.
These synthetic waxes are, in general, octadecenamides. The different Acrawaxes~have different melting points. Others of such Acrawaxes~have melting points in the range of about 137-139C.
The Acrawax~having a melting point in the range of about 94-97C
is particularly advantageously utilized. The waxes or waxy materials used should be soluble in or compatible in what would constitute a mixture of the liquid epoxy resin and the liquid curing agent ingredients of the A and B compositions which con-stitute the formulations of the present invention. Mixtures of two or more of said waxes or waxy materials can, of course, be employed.
' .
7 ~
~ I ~
The finely divided or pulverulent inert fillers, which advantageously have an average particle size in the range of about 5 to 100 microns, which can effectively be employed are ¦ .
many, amon which, by way of illustration, are talc, silica flour, j carbon black, graphite, zinc oxide, clays such as bentonite clays, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate, barium carbonate, titanium dioxide, and the like, or mixtures of two or more thereof Particularly satisfactory are talc and silica flours. Generally speakiny, it is preferred to employ fillers, such as silica flour and talc, of a particle size such tha~ about 99~ will pass through a 325 mesh screen. The particle size, however, as noted above, is~variable within appreciable limits. .:
~ Epoxy resin flexibilizers are desirably incorporate into the composltion, particularly into the A composition. These types of materials are well known to the art dealing with epoxy ~:
resins. Illustrative thereof are aliphatic triglycidyl ethers r such as di- and triglycidyl ethers of propylene glycol, and aliphatic difunctional epoxy resins. Particularly satisfactory ile~ibilizers for use in the present invention are those sold under the trademark CARDOLITE (Minnesota Mining h Manufacturing Co.), that sold under the designation CARDOLITE NC-513 being highly satisfactory.
The proportions of the inyredients in each of the A and B compositions are variable within apprec.iable lim.its subject to the proviso, as indicated above, that each of said compositions, prior to mixing or blending, has a putty or putty-like consistency, and, additionally, that the wax or waxy material ~:
be present in amounts suf:ficient, in the compositions as a whole,~
to form an effective seal to prevent stoppage of leakage of the liquids while flowing In general, the proportions of ingredients, , ~ ~ . ~ ~.7 ~ I
112~i948 ji I in terms of percentages by weight, and taking Example l, which follows below, as illustrative, and omitting the filler in said percentages, the particular filler and the particular percentage ¦thereof not being critical, the proportions will generally fall wi-thin the following approximate ranges:
A Epoxy Composition Example l Upper Limits Lower Limits ~r I Apogen 10266% 20% 75%
Cardolite NC-513 16% 5% 20%
Acrawax 18~ 75% 5 :
B. Curing Composition ¦ Exam~le l Upper I,imits Lower Limits ~ncamide 503 55% 25% g5%
Acrawax~ 45% 75% S%
. .
: As indicated above, supplemental agents can be included in certain cases to obtain special effects or an enhance-~ent of existent properties of the A and B compositions absent said upplemental agents. Thus, for instance, as noted above, le~ibilizers can be incorporated. Again, in certain cases !
small proportions of wetting agents, preferably those of the nonionic type, which are well known to the art, can be included in the A and/or B compositions, generally in amounts of the order ~f about 0.2 to about 1%, by weight of the compositions. They tend to aid in displacing oil or water, depending on their nature, adjacent the crevices or the like where liquid may be flow:ing at he time that the formulations are applied to effect the temporary toppage or sealing of said crevices or the like~
Il -g I
I The following examples are illustrative of ~ormula-¦ tions made in accordance with the presen-t invention. It will be understood -~hat many other formulations can readily be made by utilizing different liquid epoxy resins, different liquid epoxy l curing agents, different waxes, different fillers where fillers I are used, and different proportions of said ingredients, as well as the inclusion of supplemental ingredients. All parts listed are by weight. The A composition will, in general, be admixed with a lesser amount of the B composition, commonly of the order ; of 2 to 4 parts of the A composition to 1 part of the B composition, ilby weight, depending on the particular compositional nature of said compositlons. However, compositions-can readily be prepared liin which, when intermixed, the B composition will be used in I 7propor~ions greater than that of the A compositlon. The best embodime~ts of the invention know at the presenttime are reflected ¦ by said Examples, with Example 1 belng particularly preferrea.
~ I .
Example 1:
A Epoxy Composition Apogen 102 2Q
Cardoli~e~NC-513 5 ¦
Acrawax ~ 10 Titanium Dioxide 0.5 Silica Flour 69.5 B. Curing Composition Ancamide 503 23.25 Acrawax ~ 18.5 Talc 58.25 In making up the A and B compositions, it is especially advantageous initially to melt together (in the A composition) the first three ingredients and then mix said molten composition with the titanium _ 9 -I . I
~ , . -10 1 .
dioxide and the silica ~lour; and (in the B composition) to melt together ~he first two ingredients and mix said molten composition ¦ with the talc. Each of the A and B compositions, as stated, l is of putty or putty~like consistency.
I .
! Examp-e 2:
I .
A. Epoxy Composition Apogen 102 22 Cardolite~NC-513 6 Acrawax ~ 12 ~ :
Zinc Oxide 0.3 Talc 70 B. Curing Composition ¦
¦ Ancamide~ 00 24 ¦ : Acrawax ~ 8 ¦ ~ Talc 60 Example 3:
I A Epox~ Composition Epoxy 828 (Shell Oil 25 Company) Cardolite NC-513 6 Castor Wax 15 .
Titanium Dioxide 0.6 Calcium Carbonate 70 B. Curin~ Composition Ancamide 503 28 Acrawax ~ 20 Talc 52 8 I ~
Each of compositions A and B, as stated, is of putty or pu-tty-like consistency and it is desirable and convenient to form them into small flat disks about 1/4 to 3/8 inches in thickness, or spheres or various other shapes or the compositions can be placed in suitable individual containers from which desired ¦quantities of each may be removed for admixture and blending generally as described below. The A and B compositions are also advantageously made so as to have readily distinguished colors to delineate the A and B compositions and in units representing the weight ratios of the A and B compositions which are to be blende~ together for use so that, for instance, when made in the form of disks, one disk of composition A may be blended with one disk of composition B. In use, one disk of composition A con~
taining, for instance, 11 parts by weight, and one disk of composi-tion B containing, for instance, 4 parts by weight, are conveniently rolled together between the palms of the hands of an individual to effect a preliminary blending of the two disks. The final blend-iny or mixing may then be effected between the thumbs and fore-fingers, with occasional rolling between the palms of the hands.
When mixing and blending are completed to form a substantially homogeneous composition, the putty or putty-like formulation, whic h is slightly warm to the touch, is pressed with the fingers or with a spatula or the like into the leaking area or areas, or instance, in the leaking area or areas of the wing tank of an airplane through which gasoline, kerosene or diesel oil is flowing at low pressure and which is wet with oil. The formulatio n is pressed firmly into all crevices or, if the leak is aroung rivets, in the rivet area or areas, and, shortly -thereafter, formsj a temporary seal. Subsequen-tly, after several hours, commonly about 4 -to 5 hours, the formulation sets up to a hard or rlgid resinous mass which 3erves as o ~ven stronge temporary -12 I .
i !
seal effective for ~any hours un-til time per~its of a permanent repair of t'ne crevices or the like to be made While the invention ., is especially valua~le for ~he temporary stoppage of leaks in ., tanXs, pipes and the like -through which oil or oleaginous liquids .
,' are flowing, it is also useful as a more permanent leaXage stopper~
1 in systems where the flowins liquids are ~7ater or queous liquids.l, ,, 'i -''li i .
,1 ., ., ' . ~ ~
Claims (15)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A formulation for stopping seepage or leaks in tanks and pipes through which liquids are flowing at low pressures or through which liquids are adapted to flow, said formulation having an initial putty or putty-like consistency as prepared, and being an admixture of separate A and B compositions, as set forth below, each of which has a putty or putty-like consistency and comprises:
A. a normally liquid epoxide resin base and one or more compatible waxes or waxy materials;
B. a normally liquid curing agent for said normally liquid epoxide resin base of composition A, and one or more compatible waxes or waxy materials;
said compatible waxes or waxy materials being present in an amount in relation to and in cooperation with said epoxide resin base and said curing agent, when said A and B compositions are admixed in predetermined proportions and applied to a crevice through which said liquids are flowing or adapted to flow, to effect stoppage of said seepage shortly after such application and substantially prior to the curing of said epoxide resin base being completed, said amount of the wax or waxy material content of the A and B compositions constituting at least about 10%, by weight, of the total of the A and B
compositions based upon the sum of the epoxide resin base, the curing agent and the waxes or waxy materials.
A. a normally liquid epoxide resin base and one or more compatible waxes or waxy materials;
B. a normally liquid curing agent for said normally liquid epoxide resin base of composition A, and one or more compatible waxes or waxy materials;
said compatible waxes or waxy materials being present in an amount in relation to and in cooperation with said epoxide resin base and said curing agent, when said A and B compositions are admixed in predetermined proportions and applied to a crevice through which said liquids are flowing or adapted to flow, to effect stoppage of said seepage shortly after such application and substantially prior to the curing of said epoxide resin base being completed, said amount of the wax or waxy material content of the A and B compositions constituting at least about 10%, by weight, of the total of the A and B
compositions based upon the sum of the epoxide resin base, the curing agent and the waxes or waxy materials.
2. The formulation of Claim 1, in which the A
and B compositions are differently colored for easy visual differentiation.
and B compositions are differently colored for easy visual differentiation.
3. The formulation of Claim 1, in which at least one of the A and B compositions also contains a substantially inert filler.
4. The formulation of Claim 1, in which the wax or waxy material is an octadecenamide synthetic wax.
5. The formulation of Claim 1, in which the A
composition is present in proportions greater than that of the B composition.
composition is present in proportions greater than that of the B composition.
6. The formulation of Claim 1, in which said total of the wax or waxy material content of the A and B
compositions constitutes from about 30% to about 40%.
compositions constitutes from about 30% to about 40%.
7. A formulation having particular utility for stopping seepage or leaks in tanks and pipes through which liquids are flowing at low pressures or through which liquids are adapted to flow, said formulation having a putty or putty-like consistency as prepared, and being an admixture of separate A and B compositions, as set forth below, each of which has a putty or putty-like consistency:
A. a normally liquid epoxide resin base, one or more compatible waxes or waxy materials, and a substantially inert pulverulent filler;
B. a normally liquid curing agent for said normally liquid epoxide resin base of composition A, one or more compatible waxes or waxy materials, and a substantially inert pulverulent filler;
said compatible waxes or waxy materials being present in an amount in relation to and in cooperation with said epoxide resin base and said curing agent, when said A and B
compositions are admixed in predetermined proportions and applied to a crevice through which said liquids are flowing or adapted to flow, to effect stoppage of said seepage shortly after such application and substantially prior to the curing of said epoxide resin base being completed, said amount of the wax or waxy material content of A and B
compositions constituting at least about 10%, by weight, of the total of the A and B compositions based upon the sum of the epoxide resin base, the curing agent and the waxes or waxy materials.
A. a normally liquid epoxide resin base, one or more compatible waxes or waxy materials, and a substantially inert pulverulent filler;
B. a normally liquid curing agent for said normally liquid epoxide resin base of composition A, one or more compatible waxes or waxy materials, and a substantially inert pulverulent filler;
said compatible waxes or waxy materials being present in an amount in relation to and in cooperation with said epoxide resin base and said curing agent, when said A and B
compositions are admixed in predetermined proportions and applied to a crevice through which said liquids are flowing or adapted to flow, to effect stoppage of said seepage shortly after such application and substantially prior to the curing of said epoxide resin base being completed, said amount of the wax or waxy material content of A and B
compositions constituting at least about 10%, by weight, of the total of the A and B compositions based upon the sum of the epoxide resin base, the curing agent and the waxes or waxy materials.
8. The formulation of Claim 7, in which the A
composition is present in proportions greater than that of the B composition.
composition is present in proportions greater than that of the B composition.
9. The formulation of Claim 7, in which the filler in each of the A and B compositions is at least one material from the group consisting of silica flour and talc.
10. The formulation of Claim 7, in which the total of the wax or waxy material content of the A and B
compositions constitutes from about 30% to about 40%.
compositions constitutes from about 30% to about 40%.
11. A formulation according to Claim 3, in which the A and B compositions are as follows, in relation to each other, exclusive of the filler:
A. normally liquid resin base about 66%, flexibilizer about 16%, and compatible wax or waxy material about 18%;
B. normally liquid curing agent about 55% and compatible wax or waxy material about 45%;
said ingredients being in terms of weight % in said respective A and B compositions.
A. normally liquid resin base about 66%, flexibilizer about 16%, and compatible wax or waxy material about 18%;
B. normally liquid curing agent about 55% and compatible wax or waxy material about 45%;
said ingredients being in terms of weight % in said respective A and B compositions.
12. The formulation of Claim 10, in which the composition is present in proportions from 2 to 4 times greater than the proportions of the B composition.
13. In a method of stopping seepage or leakage of liquids flowing at low pressure from crevices in tanks and pipes, the step which comprises pressing into and adjacent said crevice a formulation of putty or putty-like consistency corresponding to that of Claim 1 and permitting curing to take place to effect hardening of said formulation.
14. In a method of temporarily stopping seepage or leakage of liquids flowing at low pressures from crevices in tanks and pipes, the step which comprises pressing into and adjacent said crevice a formulation of putty or putty-like consistency corresponding to that of Claim 6, and permitting curing to take place to effect hardening of said formulation.
15. In a method of temporarily stopping seepage or leakage of liquids flowing at low pressures from crevices in tanks and pipes, the step which comprises pressing into and adjacent said crevice a formulation of putty or putty-like consistency corresponding to that of Claim 10, and permitting curing to take place to effect hardening of said formulation.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US80915377A | 1977-06-23 | 1977-06-23 | |
| US809,153 | 1977-06-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1125948A true CA1125948A (en) | 1982-06-15 |
Family
ID=25200670
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA306,052A Expired CA1125948A (en) | 1977-06-23 | 1978-06-22 | Formulations and process for effecting stoppage of leaks of liquid from tanks, pipes and the like |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5416568A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU527023B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE868428A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1125948A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2827637A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2453204A1 (en) * | 1979-04-06 | 1980-10-31 | Aerospatiale | SEALING METHOD BASED ON LOADED EPOXY RESIN, PARTICULARLY FOR FUEL TANK |
| DE59200176D1 (en) * | 1992-02-05 | 1994-06-23 | Gerhard Kertscher Chemische Ba | Permanently elastic multi-purpose mass and process for its production. |
| DE10248147B4 (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2005-06-30 | Diamant-Metallplastic Gmbh | Process for sealing breakthroughs in metal components |
-
1978
- 1978-06-20 AU AU37283/78A patent/AU527023B2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-06-22 CA CA306,052A patent/CA1125948A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-06-23 DE DE19782827637 patent/DE2827637A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-06-23 JP JP7631878A patent/JPS5416568A/en active Granted
- 1978-06-23 BE BE188827A patent/BE868428A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2827637A1 (en) | 1979-01-11 |
| BE868428A (en) | 1978-10-16 |
| AU527023B2 (en) | 1983-02-10 |
| AU3728378A (en) | 1980-01-03 |
| JPH0114267B2 (en) | 1989-03-10 |
| JPS5416568A (en) | 1979-02-07 |
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