CA1120874A - Composite container - Google Patents
Composite containerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1120874A CA1120874A CA000322889A CA322889A CA1120874A CA 1120874 A CA1120874 A CA 1120874A CA 000322889 A CA000322889 A CA 000322889A CA 322889 A CA322889 A CA 322889A CA 1120874 A CA1120874 A CA 1120874A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- wall
- composite
- liner
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D15/00—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, sections made of different materials
- B65D15/02—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, sections made of different materials of curved, or partially curved, cross-section, e.g. cans, drums
- B65D15/04—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, sections made of different materials of curved, or partially curved, cross-section, e.g. cans, drums with curved, or partially curved, walls made by winding or bending paper
- B65D15/08—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, sections made of different materials of curved, or partially curved, cross-section, e.g. cans, drums with curved, or partially curved, walls made by winding or bending paper with end walls made of plastics material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/74—Moulding material on a relatively small portion of the preformed part, e.g. outsert moulding
- B29C70/76—Moulding on edges or extremities of the preformed part
- B29C70/766—Moulding on edges or extremities of the preformed part on the end part of a tubular article
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Tubes (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Wrappers (AREA)
- Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
Abstract
IMPROVED COMPOSITE CONTAINER
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An improved composite container which incorporates a unique plastic end which is compression-molded into bonded engagement with a composite can body. The plastic end is formed from a like material which forms the inner linking on the composite can body so as to form a leak-proof seal between the plastic end and the composite can body.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
An improved composite container which incorporates a unique plastic end which is compression-molded into bonded engagement with a composite can body. The plastic end is formed from a like material which forms the inner linking on the composite can body so as to form a leak-proof seal between the plastic end and the composite can body.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to containers and, more par-ticularly, it relates to a container which is constructed of relatively low-strength materials and which is well-suited for packaging products requiring a liquid seal. It is desirable to have an inexpensive container suitable for packaging liquid products such as petroleum products. Suitable containers for such petroleum products as motor oil have involved the use of relatively expensive metal cans with metal ends.
In recent years there have been introduced a number of different types of light-weight composite containers con-structed of low-strength materials which are cons~ erably less expensive than comparable metal containers formed from tin plate or aluminum. Such inexpensive containers normally are comprised of a cylindrical fiber body which is closed at both ends by metal caps which are attached to the fiber body by a standard double-seaming method. In this commonly used double-seaming method, a curved extension of the metal end is folded over with a flange portion on the fiber body so as to form a double-seamed joint. Such standard fiber or composite containers have experienced difficulty in packaging liquid products, such as motor oil, for long periods of time due to the inherent possibility of leakage in the area of the double-seamed joint <........................................................... ..
~ . -1- ~ ' 1~0~374 between the fiber body and the metal end. Thus, because fiber containers are considerably less expensive than comparable metal containers, there has been significant need f~r an im-proved composite container which would be well-suited for pack-aging high volume liquid products such as motor oil.
It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide an improved composite container which features a plastic end which is compression-molded into bonded engagement with a composite can body. In the prior art various processes are available for the formation of plastic containers and for the application of a bottom to a plastic container. Examples of such apparatus and processes include U.S. Patent Nos.
This invention relates to containers and, more par-ticularly, it relates to a container which is constructed of relatively low-strength materials and which is well-suited for packaging products requiring a liquid seal. It is desirable to have an inexpensive container suitable for packaging liquid products such as petroleum products. Suitable containers for such petroleum products as motor oil have involved the use of relatively expensive metal cans with metal ends.
In recent years there have been introduced a number of different types of light-weight composite containers con-structed of low-strength materials which are cons~ erably less expensive than comparable metal containers formed from tin plate or aluminum. Such inexpensive containers normally are comprised of a cylindrical fiber body which is closed at both ends by metal caps which are attached to the fiber body by a standard double-seaming method. In this commonly used double-seaming method, a curved extension of the metal end is folded over with a flange portion on the fiber body so as to form a double-seamed joint. Such standard fiber or composite containers have experienced difficulty in packaging liquid products, such as motor oil, for long periods of time due to the inherent possibility of leakage in the area of the double-seamed joint <........................................................... ..
~ . -1- ~ ' 1~0~374 between the fiber body and the metal end. Thus, because fiber containers are considerably less expensive than comparable metal containers, there has been significant need f~r an im-proved composite container which would be well-suited for pack-aging high volume liquid products such as motor oil.
It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide an improved composite container which features a plastic end which is compression-molded into bonded engagement with a composite can body. In the prior art various processes are available for the formation of plastic containers and for the application of a bottom to a plastic container. Examples of such apparatus and processes include U.S. Patent Nos.
2,710,986 (R.F. Gray), 3,670,066 (E.I. Valyi), and 4,014,970 (~.A. Jahnie). However, none of these patents disclose a composite can which incorporates a plastic end member which has been compression-molded into sealing engagement with the composite can body.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In general, this invention provides an improved com-posite container which incorporates a plastic end which is compression-molded into bonded engagement with the composite can body to provide a relatively inexpensive container for liquid products. It is suggested that the plastic end be formed from a material identical to that which is used as the inner lining of the composite can body so as to form a bond or seal therewith. In practice, this improved composite container is formed by dropping a gob of hot plastic material into a molding cavity, bringing the composite can body by means of a mandrel into the molding area and then forming the plastic end by compression-molding it across the open end of the composite can body and into bonded engagement with the . ., body. Other objects, features and advantages of this invention will become obvious to those skilled in the art upon reference to the following detailed description and the drawings illus-~trating a preferred embodiment thereof.
IN THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a front elevational view with parts broken away in section of an improved composite container incorporat-ing a plastic end means in accordance with this invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial sectional view of the improved composite container incorporating the plastic end of this invention showing the container of this invention stacked on top of another such container.
FIG. 3 is a schematic partial sectional view of the molding apparatus which is utilized to form the plastic end means and bond it into engagement with the composite can body.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In FIG. 1, a cylindrical composite container is identified generally by the numeral 10. The container 10 comprises a generally cylindrical composite can body 12 and a pair of end closure members, one of which is formed from plastic and is identified by the numeral 14. As can be seen in FIG. 2, the composite can body wall 12 is comprised o a multiplicity of layers which combine to give it the features necessary to contain the particular product being packaged.
In this particular instance, the main body wall 16 may be formed from 1-1.5 mil of paper such as a number of layers of can stock grade natural kraft liner board. An outer label 18 is provided and may be formed from a combination of aluminum foil covered by a high gloss paper which serves as a decorative label. The inner liner 20 may be formed from any of a number of suitable plastic materials, one of which would be a .7 mil ~12~)~37~
layer of high-density polyethylene.
As can be seen in FIG. 2, a plastic end member 14 is formed to enga~e the composite can body wall 12 and seal this particular end of the composite container lO. The plas-tic end member 14 includes an outer overlapping flange 22, an inner plug portion 24, an annular panel 26, and an annular stacking member 28. It is suggested that the plastic end member 14 be formed from the same material as the inner liner layer 20 so that a natural bond occurs between the inner plug seal portion 24 and the inner liner layer 20. A preferred material for the plastic end member 14 is high-density poly-ethylene.
Also shown in FIG. 2 is a second composite container 30 which has a metal end portion 32, which is attached and double-seamed to the body wall 34. The metal end closure 32 includes an elongated outer curl 36 which is wrapped around and double-seamed with an elongated flange 38 on the composite can body wall 34. It should be understood that a metal can end, such as that illustrated at 32, may be utilized on the end of the composite container lO which is opposite from that which incorporates the plastic end member 14. Thus, the com-posite container 10 may incorporate a standard metal end which is double-seamed into engagement with the body wall at its upper end and the unique plastic end member 14 which is compression-molded into contact with the body wall and forms a seal with the inner liner of the body wall at its lower end.
The method of forming the plastic end member 14 can best be understood by reference to FIG. 3. The can body 12 is positionedaround a mandreI 40 which has a tapered end portion 42. The can body 12 and mandrel 40 are moved into a mold area defined by a plurality of annular mold members , ~, 1~t37~
44, 46 and 48. The mold members 46 and 48 combine to form a cavity to create the outer flange 22, the stacking member 28 and a portion of the annular panel 26 of the plastic end member 14. These mold members 44 and 46 are retractable from engagement with the fiber can body 12 to allow for move-ment of the can body 12 and mandreI 40 into and out of the mold area. The mold member 48 is mounted for retraction on a piston 50 and combines with a portion of the annular mold member 46 to form the annular panel 26 of the plastic end member 14.
Thus, when it is desired to form the plastic end member 14 on the can body 12, a gob of plastic material is dropped onto the annular mold member 48. The mandrel 40 with a suitable can body 12 positioned thereon is moved into the mold area. As the respective mold members 44, 46 and 48 are moved into the positions shown in FIG. 3, the gob of plastic material is thereby caused to flow to fill the open spaces defined by the mold members and thereby form, by means of compression-molding, the plastic end member 14. It should be noted that the tapered end portion 42 on the mandrel 40 facilitates the formation of the inner plug seal portion 24 which beaomes bonded with the inner liner layer on the can body 12 thereby forming an effective seal between the can body 12 and the plastic end member 14. It is suggested that a suitable material for the plastic end member and the lining of the interior of the can body is high-density polyethylene.
It is suggested that such material be heated to a temperature in the range of 390F to 400F prior to depositing a gob of such material onto the mold member 48. Once the material has been allowed to cool, the respective mold members may be retracted, thereby leaving the compression-molded plastic ~2~8~4 end member 14 in sealed engagement with the can body 12 which may then be retracted from the mold area with the mandrel 40.
Thus, the subject invention provides a unique method for forming an improved composite container which incorporates a novel plastic end which is compression-molded into bonded engagement with a composite can body. The compression-molded plastic end is formed from the same material which forms the inner lining of the composite can body so as to form a leak-proof seal between the plastic end and the composite can body.
The opposite end of the composite can may be closed by util-izing another such plastic end or a standard metal end which is double-seamed into engagement with the composite can body wall. It has been found that the improved composite container of this invention which incorporates a unique plastic end is less expensive and provides a better seal than a composite container which utilizes metal end members on both of its extremities. In addition, as can be seen in FIG. 3, the annular stacking member 28 is sized and shaped so that it will nest within a standard metal end closure or within another identical plastic end so as to provide a convenient stacking feature with other composite containers.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In general, this invention provides an improved com-posite container which incorporates a plastic end which is compression-molded into bonded engagement with the composite can body to provide a relatively inexpensive container for liquid products. It is suggested that the plastic end be formed from a material identical to that which is used as the inner lining of the composite can body so as to form a bond or seal therewith. In practice, this improved composite container is formed by dropping a gob of hot plastic material into a molding cavity, bringing the composite can body by means of a mandrel into the molding area and then forming the plastic end by compression-molding it across the open end of the composite can body and into bonded engagement with the . ., body. Other objects, features and advantages of this invention will become obvious to those skilled in the art upon reference to the following detailed description and the drawings illus-~trating a preferred embodiment thereof.
IN THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a front elevational view with parts broken away in section of an improved composite container incorporat-ing a plastic end means in accordance with this invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial sectional view of the improved composite container incorporating the plastic end of this invention showing the container of this invention stacked on top of another such container.
FIG. 3 is a schematic partial sectional view of the molding apparatus which is utilized to form the plastic end means and bond it into engagement with the composite can body.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In FIG. 1, a cylindrical composite container is identified generally by the numeral 10. The container 10 comprises a generally cylindrical composite can body 12 and a pair of end closure members, one of which is formed from plastic and is identified by the numeral 14. As can be seen in FIG. 2, the composite can body wall 12 is comprised o a multiplicity of layers which combine to give it the features necessary to contain the particular product being packaged.
In this particular instance, the main body wall 16 may be formed from 1-1.5 mil of paper such as a number of layers of can stock grade natural kraft liner board. An outer label 18 is provided and may be formed from a combination of aluminum foil covered by a high gloss paper which serves as a decorative label. The inner liner 20 may be formed from any of a number of suitable plastic materials, one of which would be a .7 mil ~12~)~37~
layer of high-density polyethylene.
As can be seen in FIG. 2, a plastic end member 14 is formed to enga~e the composite can body wall 12 and seal this particular end of the composite container lO. The plas-tic end member 14 includes an outer overlapping flange 22, an inner plug portion 24, an annular panel 26, and an annular stacking member 28. It is suggested that the plastic end member 14 be formed from the same material as the inner liner layer 20 so that a natural bond occurs between the inner plug seal portion 24 and the inner liner layer 20. A preferred material for the plastic end member 14 is high-density poly-ethylene.
Also shown in FIG. 2 is a second composite container 30 which has a metal end portion 32, which is attached and double-seamed to the body wall 34. The metal end closure 32 includes an elongated outer curl 36 which is wrapped around and double-seamed with an elongated flange 38 on the composite can body wall 34. It should be understood that a metal can end, such as that illustrated at 32, may be utilized on the end of the composite container lO which is opposite from that which incorporates the plastic end member 14. Thus, the com-posite container 10 may incorporate a standard metal end which is double-seamed into engagement with the body wall at its upper end and the unique plastic end member 14 which is compression-molded into contact with the body wall and forms a seal with the inner liner of the body wall at its lower end.
The method of forming the plastic end member 14 can best be understood by reference to FIG. 3. The can body 12 is positionedaround a mandreI 40 which has a tapered end portion 42. The can body 12 and mandrel 40 are moved into a mold area defined by a plurality of annular mold members , ~, 1~t37~
44, 46 and 48. The mold members 46 and 48 combine to form a cavity to create the outer flange 22, the stacking member 28 and a portion of the annular panel 26 of the plastic end member 14. These mold members 44 and 46 are retractable from engagement with the fiber can body 12 to allow for move-ment of the can body 12 and mandreI 40 into and out of the mold area. The mold member 48 is mounted for retraction on a piston 50 and combines with a portion of the annular mold member 46 to form the annular panel 26 of the plastic end member 14.
Thus, when it is desired to form the plastic end member 14 on the can body 12, a gob of plastic material is dropped onto the annular mold member 48. The mandrel 40 with a suitable can body 12 positioned thereon is moved into the mold area. As the respective mold members 44, 46 and 48 are moved into the positions shown in FIG. 3, the gob of plastic material is thereby caused to flow to fill the open spaces defined by the mold members and thereby form, by means of compression-molding, the plastic end member 14. It should be noted that the tapered end portion 42 on the mandrel 40 facilitates the formation of the inner plug seal portion 24 which beaomes bonded with the inner liner layer on the can body 12 thereby forming an effective seal between the can body 12 and the plastic end member 14. It is suggested that a suitable material for the plastic end member and the lining of the interior of the can body is high-density polyethylene.
It is suggested that such material be heated to a temperature in the range of 390F to 400F prior to depositing a gob of such material onto the mold member 48. Once the material has been allowed to cool, the respective mold members may be retracted, thereby leaving the compression-molded plastic ~2~8~4 end member 14 in sealed engagement with the can body 12 which may then be retracted from the mold area with the mandrel 40.
Thus, the subject invention provides a unique method for forming an improved composite container which incorporates a novel plastic end which is compression-molded into bonded engagement with a composite can body. The compression-molded plastic end is formed from the same material which forms the inner lining of the composite can body so as to form a leak-proof seal between the plastic end and the composite can body.
The opposite end of the composite can may be closed by util-izing another such plastic end or a standard metal end which is double-seamed into engagement with the composite can body wall. It has been found that the improved composite container of this invention which incorporates a unique plastic end is less expensive and provides a better seal than a composite container which utilizes metal end members on both of its extremities. In addition, as can be seen in FIG. 3, the annular stacking member 28 is sized and shaped so that it will nest within a standard metal end closure or within another identical plastic end so as to provide a convenient stacking feature with other composite containers.
Claims (3)
1. An improved composite container comprising:
a substantially rigid tubular composite can body member comprised of a wall defining opposite axial end open-ings, said wall being comprised of fibrous material and a thin inner liner of a plastic material overlying the fibrous mater-ial throughout the interior of the can body, and an end closure member formed from substantially the same plastic material as said inner liner of the body wall, said end closure member being compression molded about one open end of said body member closing said open end, said plastic liner and said plastic end closure being fusion bonded integrally together and said plastic material engaging intimately the fibrous material of said wall of the body member along an axial extent thereof adjacent said end opening, said fusion bonding of the end member and said plastic liner engaging said fibrous material thereby uniting said end member and the can body wall, said end closure member includes an annular panel portion which spans said opening of said can body, an annular inner plug portion engaging the interior surface of said fibrous material of the can body, the plug portion being fused with said plastic inner liner of said can body, and an end flange portion whose thickness is substantially greater than the liner thickness, said flange portion engaging the edge surface at the end of said fiber can body, the plastic end closure and liner sealing the interior of the container for product containment, said end closure member further including an integral annular stacking flange depending downwardly adjacent said end flange portion thereof.
a substantially rigid tubular composite can body member comprised of a wall defining opposite axial end open-ings, said wall being comprised of fibrous material and a thin inner liner of a plastic material overlying the fibrous mater-ial throughout the interior of the can body, and an end closure member formed from substantially the same plastic material as said inner liner of the body wall, said end closure member being compression molded about one open end of said body member closing said open end, said plastic liner and said plastic end closure being fusion bonded integrally together and said plastic material engaging intimately the fibrous material of said wall of the body member along an axial extent thereof adjacent said end opening, said fusion bonding of the end member and said plastic liner engaging said fibrous material thereby uniting said end member and the can body wall, said end closure member includes an annular panel portion which spans said opening of said can body, an annular inner plug portion engaging the interior surface of said fibrous material of the can body, the plug portion being fused with said plastic inner liner of said can body, and an end flange portion whose thickness is substantially greater than the liner thickness, said flange portion engaging the edge surface at the end of said fiber can body, the plastic end closure and liner sealing the interior of the container for product containment, said end closure member further including an integral annular stacking flange depending downwardly adjacent said end flange portion thereof.
2. An improved composite container as set forth in claim 1 wherein said end flange portion of the closure member includes an integral annular outer wall portion extending along the exterior of the body wall adjacent said end opening and surrounding the outer end periphery of said wall at said end of the can body.
3. An improved composite container as set forth in claim 1 wherein said end closure member and the inner liner of said composite can body are formed from high-density polyethylene.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US89625178A | 1978-04-14 | 1978-04-14 | |
| US896,251 | 1978-04-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1120874A true CA1120874A (en) | 1982-03-30 |
Family
ID=25405885
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000322889A Expired CA1120874A (en) | 1978-04-14 | 1979-03-07 | Composite container |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS54140210A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR223480A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU514688B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE875557A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7902131A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1120874A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2912041A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK137679A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2422558A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2018713A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1116583B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7901972A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO791255L (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7903271L (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4353761A (en) * | 1981-07-30 | 1982-10-12 | Boise Cascade Corporation | Method for spin bonding ends for composite containers |
| DE3240811C2 (en) * | 1982-11-05 | 1986-03-20 | Maschinenfabrik Rissen Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | Method for connecting a shell part of a cup container to a bottom part |
| DE4029458A1 (en) * | 1990-09-17 | 1992-03-19 | Buck Chem Tech Werke | PACKAGING CONTAINER |
| SE514083C2 (en) * | 1999-04-21 | 2000-12-18 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Ways to make packaging containers with low bacterial load |
| EP3415127B1 (en) | 2007-10-18 | 2023-12-20 | Rose U, LLC | Topical glycopyrrolate formulations and a wipe containing thereof |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS3625090Y1 (en) * | 1959-06-16 | 1961-09-25 | ||
| GB1275051A (en) * | 1968-02-27 | 1972-05-24 | Robinson E S & A Ltd | Containers and method of manufacturing them |
| JPS5194382A (en) * | 1975-02-15 | 1976-08-18 |
-
1979
- 1979-03-07 CA CA000322889A patent/CA1120874A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-03-13 NL NL7901972A patent/NL7901972A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-03-27 DE DE19792912041 patent/DE2912041A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-03-29 AR AR275987A patent/AR223480A1/en active
- 1979-04-02 AU AU45674/79A patent/AU514688B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-04-03 DK DK137679A patent/DK137679A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-04-05 IT IT48628/79A patent/IT1116583B/en active
- 1979-04-06 BR BR7902131A patent/BR7902131A/en unknown
- 1979-04-10 GB GB7912609A patent/GB2018713A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-04-11 NO NO791255A patent/NO791255L/en unknown
- 1979-04-11 JP JP4312679A patent/JPS54140210A/en active Pending
- 1979-04-12 FR FR7909357A patent/FR2422558A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-04-12 SE SE7903271A patent/SE7903271L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-04-13 BE BE0/194582A patent/BE875557A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL7901972A (en) | 1979-10-16 |
| DE2912041A1 (en) | 1979-10-18 |
| FR2422558A1 (en) | 1979-11-09 |
| IT1116583B (en) | 1986-02-10 |
| AU514688B2 (en) | 1981-02-19 |
| BR7902131A (en) | 1979-12-04 |
| BE875557A (en) | 1979-07-31 |
| DK137679A (en) | 1979-10-15 |
| AU4567479A (en) | 1979-10-18 |
| GB2018713A (en) | 1979-10-24 |
| NO791255L (en) | 1979-10-16 |
| AR223480A1 (en) | 1981-08-31 |
| IT7948628A0 (en) | 1979-04-05 |
| SE7903271L (en) | 1979-10-15 |
| JPS54140210A (en) | 1979-10-31 |
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